CN117330961A - Battery pack monitoring method and device, electronic equipment and readable storage medium - Google Patents
Battery pack monitoring method and device, electronic equipment and readable storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- PIJPYDMVFNTHIP-UHFFFAOYSA-L lead sulfate Chemical compound [PbH4+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PIJPYDMVFNTHIP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/003—Measuring mean values of current or voltage during a given time interval
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/16533—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application
- G01R19/16538—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies
- G01R19/16542—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies for batteries
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/378—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] specially adapted for the type of battery or accumulator
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
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Abstract
The invention provides a battery pack monitoring method, a device, electronic equipment and a readable storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: under the condition that the plurality of batteries are not in charging, acquiring and calculating the average value of the voltages of the plurality of batteries; transmitting a discharge indication message when the difference between the voltage of the first target battery and the average value is greater than a first set threshold value; acquiring discharge related parameters, residual capacity and historical state of charge values of each battery; inputting discharge related parameters of each battery into a preset health degree model to conduct health degree prediction, and obtaining the health degree of each battery; respectively inputting the discharge related parameters, the residual capacity and the historical state of charge value of each battery into a preset state model to predict the state of charge value, so as to obtain a target state of charge value of each battery; and sending the first replacement message when the health degree of the second target battery is smaller than a health degree threshold value or when the target state of charge value of the second target battery is smaller than a preset state of charge threshold value.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of battery technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for monitoring a battery pack, an electronic device, and a readable storage medium.
Background
The battery is one of the key components of the electronic equipment, and in order to ensure the service life of the battery, the service condition of the battery needs to be monitored. In the related art, whether the battery has reached the service life is confirmed by monitoring the charge-discharge voltage, current and/or resistance of the battery. However, for an electronic device using a battery pack including a plurality of batteries, the voltage of each battery is different, and in the related art, only the use condition of each device can be monitored, and the single battery cannot be regulated and controlled, so that the electronic device can accelerate the aging of the battery pack, and the service life of the battery pack is lower.
As can be seen, the related art has a problem in that the service life of the battery pack is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a battery pack monitoring method, a device, electronic equipment and a readable storage medium, which are used for solving the problem of lower service life of a battery pack in the related technology.
To solve the above problems, the present invention is achieved as follows:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for monitoring a battery pack, where the battery pack includes a plurality of batteries, the method includes:
Acquiring the voltage of each battery in the plurality of batteries when none of the plurality of batteries is in charge;
calculating an average value of voltages of the plurality of batteries;
when the difference value between the voltage of the first target battery and the average value is larger than a first set threshold value, sending a discharge indication message to a control device, wherein the discharge indication message is used for indicating the control device to control the first target battery to discharge, and the first target battery is one battery of the plurality of batteries;
acquiring a discharge related parameter of each battery in the plurality of batteries, the residual capacity of each battery and the historical state of charge value of each battery, wherein the discharge related parameter is used for representing the discharge condition of each battery;
respectively inputting the discharge related parameters of each battery into a preset health degree model to predict the health degree, so as to obtain the health degree of each battery;
respectively inputting the discharge related parameters of each battery, the residual capacity of each battery and the historical state of charge value of each battery into a preset state model to predict the state of charge value, so as to obtain a target state of charge value of each battery;
And sending a first replacement message when the health degree of the second target battery is smaller than a health degree threshold value or when the target state of charge value of the second target battery is smaller than a preset state of charge threshold value, wherein the first replacement message is used for indicating to replace the second target battery, and the second target battery is one battery of the batteries.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a battery pack monitoring apparatus, where the battery pack includes a plurality of batteries, and the apparatus includes:
a first obtaining module, configured to obtain a voltage of each of the plurality of batteries when none of the plurality of batteries is in charge;
a calculation module for calculating an average value of voltages of the plurality of batteries;
a first sending module, configured to send a discharge indication message to a control device when a difference between a voltage of a first target battery and the average value is greater than a first set threshold, where the discharge indication message is used to instruct the control device to control the first target battery to discharge, and the first target battery is one battery of the plurality of batteries;
a second obtaining module, configured to obtain a discharge-related parameter of each of the plurality of batteries, a remaining capacity of each of the plurality of batteries, and a historical state of charge value of each of the plurality of batteries, where the discharge-related parameter is used to characterize a discharge condition of each of the plurality of batteries;
The first processing module is used for respectively inputting the discharge related parameters of each battery into a preset health degree model to conduct health degree prediction so as to obtain the health degree of each battery;
the second processing module is used for respectively inputting the discharge related parameters of each battery, the residual capacity of each battery and the historical state of charge value of each battery into a preset state model to predict the state of charge value, so as to obtain a target state of charge value of each battery;
the second sending module is configured to send a first replacement message when the health degree of the second target battery is smaller than a health degree threshold, or when the target state of charge value of the second target battery is smaller than a preset state of charge threshold, where the first replacement message is used to indicate replacement of the second target battery, and the second target battery is one of the multiple batteries.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, including a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, where the computer program when executed by the processor implements the steps in the method for monitoring a battery pack according to the first aspect.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a readable storage medium storing a program, which when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the battery pack monitoring method according to the first aspect described above.
In the embodiment of the invention, under the condition that the difference value between the voltage of the first target battery and the average value is larger than a first set threshold value, a discharge indication message is sent to the control equipment, and the discharge indication message is used for indicating the control equipment to control the discharge of the first target battery; and sending a charging indication message to the control device when the difference value between the voltage of the fourth target battery and the average value is smaller than the second set threshold value, wherein the charging indication message is used for indicating the control device to control the fourth target battery to be charged, so that the voltage of the battery is adjusted to be close to the average value, the situation that a single voltage deviates from the average value too much is avoided, and further the service life of the battery is prolonged. Meanwhile, the embodiment of the invention also obtains the discharge related parameter of each battery in the plurality of batteries, the residual capacity of each battery and the historical state of charge value of each battery, wherein the discharge related parameter is used for representing the discharge condition of each battery; respectively inputting discharge related parameters of each battery into a preset health degree model to conduct health degree prediction, so as to obtain the health degree of each battery; respectively inputting the discharge related parameters of each battery, the residual capacity of each battery and the historical state of charge value of each battery into a preset state model to predict the state of charge value, so as to obtain a target state of charge value of each battery; and sending a first replacement message to prompt replacement of the second target battery when the health degree of the second target battery is smaller than a health degree threshold value or the target state of charge value of the second target battery is smaller than a preset state of charge threshold value, so that the health degree and the state of charge of each battery in the battery pack meet the requirements of the health degree threshold value and the preset state of charge threshold value, damage caused by abnormality of a single battery is avoided, and the service life of the battery pack is prolonged.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for monitoring a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of controlling battery discharge provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a training schematic diagram of a preset health model according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of a battery pack monitoring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for monitoring a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the battery pack includes a plurality of batteries, as shown in fig. 1, and the method includes the following steps:
and step 101, acquiring the voltage of each battery in the plurality of batteries under the condition that the plurality of batteries are not in charging.
It will be appreciated that in the case of a battery in a state of charge, the battery is in a state of charge regulated by the controller or is scheduled to be charged, and no control is required at this time, and the battery is monitored again when it is no longer in a charging phase to determine whether replacement or charging of the battery is required.
The voltage can directly reflect the service condition of the battery, and under the condition that the battery is in a long-term overcharged state, the positive plate of the battery is corroded in an accelerated manner, so that the phenomena of electrolyte dryness, thermal runaway, swelling and the like of the battery are caused; under the condition that the battery is not fully charged in time after being discharged or is not fully charged in time, the sulfation of the negative plate of the battery is caused, so that lead sulfate of the negative plate which is originally under-charged cannot be reduced, and the capacity of the storage battery is influenced. In the embodiment of the invention, the battery is timely charged and discharged through the real-time monitoring of the voltage, so that the problems of electrolyte dryness, thermal runaway, bulge, positive plate overlook or sulfation of a negative plate caused by long-time charging or undercharge of the battery are avoided.
The voltage of each battery is obtained through the monitoring equipment, the monitoring equipment is used for obtaining the real-time voltage of the battery and recording the real-time voltage, and the voltage of each battery at different moments can be obtained based on the monitoring equipment.
Step 102, calculating an average value of the voltages of the plurality of batteries.
The average value of the voltages is the average value of the voltages of the batteries of the battery pack at the same moment, the average value of the voltages can be used for measuring the overall voltage condition of the battery pack, the voltage condition of each battery of the current battery pack can be determined through the average value of the voltages, and then the voltages of the batteries are subjected to charge and discharge regulation, so that accelerated aging of the batteries is avoided, and the service life of the battery pack is prolonged.
Step 103, sending a discharge indication message to a control device when the difference between the voltage of the first target battery and the average value is greater than a first set threshold, where the discharge indication message is used to instruct the control device to control the first target battery to discharge, and the first target battery is one battery of the multiple batteries.
The first set threshold is used for representing the deviation condition of the voltage of each battery and the overall voltage of the battery pack. In the case where the voltage of the single battery is large (i.e., in the case where the difference between the voltage of the first target battery and the average value is larger than the first set threshold value), it is necessary to perform a discharge process on the battery to reduce the voltage of the battery. In the embodiment of the invention, the control equipment controls the battery to charge or discharge, the monitoring equipment box control equipment sends a discharge indication message to indicate the control equipment to control the appointed battery to discharge, and the control equipment controls the first target battery to discharge after receiving the discharge indication message sent by the monitoring equipment.
It should be understood that the control device and the monitoring device may be one device, in which case, in the case where it is monitored that the difference between the voltage of the first target battery and the average value is greater than the first set threshold value, the first target battery is directly controlled to be discharged to reduce the voltage of the first target battery.
Further, the control device may control the first target battery to discharge according to the set power for a set period of time, or may control the first target battery to discharge to an average value of the voltages.
Further, in the case that the difference between the voltage of the fourth target battery and the average value is smaller than a second set threshold value, a charging instruction message is sent to the control device, where the charging instruction message is used to instruct the control device to control charging of the fourth target battery, and the fourth target battery is one battery of the multiple batteries.
It is to be understood that in the case where the voltage of the single battery is small (i.e., in the case where the difference between the voltage of the fourth target battery and the average value is smaller than the second set threshold value), the battery needs to be subjected to the charging process to increase the voltage of the battery. In the embodiment of the invention, the monitoring equipment box control equipment sends a charging indication message to indicate the control equipment to control the appointed battery to charge, and the control equipment controls the fourth target battery to discharge after receiving the charging indication message sent by the monitoring equipment so as to enable the voltage of the fourth target battery to be close to the average value.
Before sending the indication message, determining whether the history indication message is sent within a set time interval, and not sending the indication message under the condition that the history indication message is sent; in the case where the history indication message has not been transmitted, the indication message is transmitted. For example, the set time interval may be set to 120s.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 2, whether the voltage of the battery needs to be adjusted is controlled by a battery voltage equalization switch. Wherein, under the condition that the switch is opened, determining whether the battery pack is in a charging state; and under the condition that the battery pack is not in a charging state, counting the average value of the voltage of each battery in the battery pack, and under the condition that the maximum value of the difference value between the single battery and the average value is larger than a first set threshold value and the time interval of the last time of sending the indication message is larger than the set time interval, sending a discharge indication message to the battery so as to regulate and control the voltage of the battery.
In the embodiment of the invention, under the condition that the difference value between the voltage of the first target battery and the average value is larger than a first set threshold value, a discharge indication message is sent to the control equipment, and the discharge indication message is used for indicating the control equipment to control the discharge of the first target battery; and sending a charging indication message to the control device when the difference value between the voltage of the fourth target battery and the average value is smaller than the second set threshold value, wherein the charging indication message is used for indicating the control device to control the fourth target battery to be charged, so that the voltage of the battery is adjusted to be close to the average value, the situation that a single voltage deviates from the average value too much is avoided, and further the service life of the battery is prolonged.
Step 104, obtaining a discharge related parameter of each battery in the plurality of batteries, a residual capacity of each battery, and a historical state of charge value of each battery, wherein the discharge related parameter is used for representing a discharge condition of each battery.
The above discharging related parameter is a State Of Charge (SOC) value or a health related parameter Of the battery, and is used to characterize the discharging condition Of the battery, such as the voltage, charging efficiency, and current Of the battery. The current state of charge value of each battery is determined by acquiring a discharge related parameter of each battery.
The historical state of charge value is the state of charge value corresponding to the last time of the battery, namely, under the condition that the state of charge value at the k moment needs to be calculated, the state of charge value at the k-1 moment needs to be obtained first, and the state of charge value at the k moment is calculated based on the state of charge value at the k-1 moment, which is described in the following embodiments.
And 105, respectively inputting the discharge related parameters of each battery into a preset health degree model to predict the health degree, so as to obtain the health degree of each battery.
The preset health degree model is a model obtained by training an adaptive neural network fuzzy inference system (Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference System, ANFIS) model based on a fuzzy neural algorithm technology, the ANFIS model is a general approximation model, and under the condition that the fuzzy inference quantity is not limited, any nonlinear function is approximated to meet the training requirement. The ANFIS model has problems with input selection and input space partitioning, and the prediction process can be seen as a mapping from input space to output space. In predicting a State Of Health (SOH) Of a battery based on a discharge-related parameter Of the battery, sample data that can sufficiently reflect the discharge-related parameter Of the battery SOH is selected as input, and a membership function is determined for each input.
For example, for a particular set of cells, the cell specification, operating temperature, self-discharge characteristics, and electrolyte concentration are substantially constant during a short discharge time, and may not be selected as parameters for input; and the internal resistance of the battery is closely related to SOH, and can be selected as a parameter for inputting selection. In addition, the difference between the discharging voltages can reflect SOH, and can be used as an input and selection parameter, the output energy and the discharging depth of the battery are also related to SOH of the battery, and the input parameter can be selected according to the characteristics of the battery, so that a preset health degree model is obtained through training.
The health degree of each battery is the health degree of the discharge related parameter of each battery, the current discharge condition of the battery can be determined according to the health degree of the battery, and whether the battery needs to be replaced or not is determined so as to prolong the service life of the battery.
And 106, respectively inputting the discharge related parameters of each battery, the residual capacity of each battery and the historical state of charge value of each battery into a preset state model to predict the state of charge value, and obtaining the target state of charge value of each battery.
The target state of charge value of each battery is obtained by acquiring the state of charge value of the battery at the moment corresponding to the discharge related parameter, and the discharge related parameter, the residual capacity and the historical state of charge value of each battery are respectively input into a preset state model to predict the state of charge value, so as to obtain the target state of charge value of each battery, and then, based on the target state of charge value of each battery, whether the battery needs to be replaced is determined so as to prolong the service life of the battery.
The residual capacity of each battery is obtained through a capacity evaluation analysis model, and the evaluation analysis model can analyze and evaluate the current capacity of the battery based on parameters such as battery voltage, voltage dispersion, internal resistance, temperature and the like to obtain the residual capacity of the battery.
Step 107, if the health of the second target battery is smaller than the health threshold, or if the target state of charge value of the second target battery is smaller than the preset state of charge threshold, a first replacement message is sent, where the first replacement message is used to indicate replacement of the second target battery, and the second target battery is one of the batteries.
It should be appreciated that determining whether the current battery needs replacement by the state of health and state of charge value of the battery, and if the state of health of the second target battery is less than the state of health threshold, or if the target state of charge value of the second target battery is less than the preset state of charge threshold, replacing the second target battery is required; and when the health degree of the second target battery is greater than or equal to the health degree threshold value, and the target state of charge value of the second target battery is greater than or equal to the preset state of charge threshold value, the battery can be normally used without replacing the second target battery.
Under the condition that the second target battery needs to be replaced, the monitoring equipment sends a first replacement message for indicating the replacement of the second target battery, so that the health degree and the state of charge of each battery in the battery pack meet the requirements of a health degree threshold value and a preset state of charge threshold value, damage caused by abnormality of a single battery is avoided, and the service life of the battery pack is prolonged.
In the embodiment of the invention, the discharge related parameter of each battery in the plurality of batteries, the residual capacity of each battery and the historical state of charge value of each battery are obtained, and the discharge related parameter is used for representing the discharge condition of each battery; respectively inputting discharge related parameters of each battery into a preset health degree model to conduct health degree prediction, so as to obtain the health degree of each battery; respectively inputting the discharge related parameters of each battery, the residual capacity of each battery and the historical state of charge value of each battery into a preset state model to predict the state of charge value, so as to obtain a target state of charge value of each battery; and sending a first replacement message to prompt replacement of the second target battery when the health degree of the second target battery is smaller than a health degree threshold value or the target state of charge value of the second target battery is smaller than a preset state of charge threshold value, so that the health degree and the state of charge of each battery in the battery pack meet the requirements of the health degree threshold value and the preset state of charge threshold value, damage caused by abnormality of a single battery is avoided, and the service life of the battery pack is prolonged.
In one embodiment, the discharge-related parameters include output energy, depth of discharge, internal resistance, and discharge voltage difference, which is a voltage difference of two adjacent discharges;
the preset health degree model is obtained through training in the following mode:
acquiring historical output energy data, historical discharge depth data, historical internal resistance data, historical discharge voltage difference data and historical health data of each of a plurality of moments;
training an initial model based on the historical output energy data, the historical discharge depth data, the historical internal resistance data, the historical discharge voltage data and the historical health degree data at each moment to obtain the preset health degree model.
The initial model is an ANFIS model, such as Sugeno fuzzy inference system. Training an initial model based on the historical output energy data, the historical discharge depth data, the historical internal resistance data, the historical discharge voltage data and the historical health data at each moment to obtain the preset health model, specifically, as shown in fig. 3, training the historical output energy data, the historical discharge depth data, the historical internal resistance data and the historical discharge voltage data serving as input parameters, wherein the historical health data serving as output parameters to obtain the preset health model, and the preset health model is expressed by the following formula:
SOH=f(Q,R,D,v)
Wherein Q is output energy data, R is internal resistance data, D is discharge depth data, V is discharge voltage difference data, and f () is a preset health degree model.
Further, in order to make the historical output energy data immune to the individual and model of the different batteries, normalization of the output energy is required. Specifically, the highest one of the historical output capacity data is taken as a reference, and the ratio of the output energy of each battery to the highest output energy is taken as an input output energy parameter, so that the accuracy of the model obtained by training is improved.
In the embodiment of the invention, the discharge related parameters comprise output energy, discharge depth, internal resistance and discharge voltage difference, wherein the discharge voltage difference is the voltage difference of two adjacent discharges, and the historical output energy data, the historical discharge depth data, the historical internal resistance data, the historical discharge voltage difference data and the historical health data of each moment in a plurality of moments are obtained; training the initial model based on the historical output energy data, the historical discharge depth data, the historical internal resistance data, the historical discharge voltage data and the historical health data at each moment to obtain a preset health model, so that discharge related parameters of each battery are processed through the preset health model to obtain the health of each battery.
In one embodiment, the discharge-related parameters include current and charge-discharge efficiency;
the step of respectively inputting the discharge related parameter of each battery, the residual capacity of each battery and the historical state of charge value of each battery into a preset state model to predict the state of charge value, and obtaining a target state of charge value of each battery comprises the following steps:
the current, the charge and discharge efficiency, the residual capacity and the historical state of charge value of each battery are respectively input into a preset state model for processing, so that a target state of charge value of each battery is obtained;
the preset state model is expressed by the following formula:
soc (k) is the target state of charge value, soc (k-1) is the historical state of charge value, deltat is the time interval of discharging the battery pack, eta is the charge and discharge efficiency, I is the current of each battery, k is the current charge and discharge times, C p For the remaining capacity of each battery.
It will be appreciated that the state of charge of a battery is typically estimated by extending a kalman filter (Extened Kalman Filter, EFK), the EKF solving how to get accurate information from inaccurate data, the specific process being:
Under the criterion that the mean square error of the state of charge value obtained by estimation is minimum, correcting the prior estimated value of the state of charge based on the prior estimated value (namely Soc (k-1)) of the state quantity corresponding to the state of charge value, the observed value corresponding to the state of charge value and the mean square error estimation corresponding to the state of charge value to obtain a state optimal estimated value (namely Soc (k)); and simultaneously estimating and obtaining the optimal estimation mean square error and the next priori estimation mean square error, and carrying out iterative loop to estimate the optimal estimation and the corresponding error of the state quantity in the whole process. Therefore, no matter whether the initial value of the state quantity has errors or not, the extended Kalman filter can enable the optimal estimated value to be converged to the true value rapidly through multiple iterations according to the principle of minimum mean square error, and therefore accuracy of the predicted target state of charge value is improved. That is, the estimated value of the state of charge is corrected by the observer and the mean square error corresponding to the state of charge value, so that the estimated value of the state of charge converges to the true state of charge value, and the mean square error of the estimated state of charge value is the minimum value of the mean square errors of all the estimated state of charge values.
The target state of charge value is obtained by processing the historical state of charge value, the current of the battery and the charge-discharge efficiency based on a preset state model, and the predicted target state of charge value is close to the real state of charge value and can be used for measuring the current state of charge of the battery.
In the embodiment of the invention, the current, the charge and discharge efficiency, the residual capacity and the historical state of charge value of each battery are respectively input into a preset state model for processing to obtain the target state of charge value of each battery, so that whether the battery needs to be replaced or not is determined according to the target state of charge value of the battery.
In one embodiment, the discharge-related parameter includes an internal resistance, and after the obtaining of the discharge-related parameter of each of the plurality of batteries, the remaining capacity of each of the plurality of batteries, and the historical state-of-charge value of each of the plurality of batteries, the method further includes:
and sending a second replacement message when the internal resistance of the third target battery is larger than the set internal resistance threshold value, wherein the second replacement message is used for indicating to replace the third target battery, and the third target battery is one battery in the plurality of batteries.
It should be understood that the internal resistance of the battery is an important parameter of the performance of the battery, and the excessive internal resistance can reflect the problem of battery faults caused by internal short circuit, vulcanization, pole loosening and other reasons of the battery, and the attenuation conditions of the capacity and the performance of each single battery can be rapidly positioned through analysis and comparison of the consistency and the trend of the internal resistances of each single battery. For example, in the case where the internal resistance of the battery becomes 125% -130% of the reference value, the battery capacity will drop to 80%. The embodiment of the invention determines the current state of the battery by monitoring the internal resistance of each battery in the battery pack.
Under the condition that the internal resistance of the third target battery is larger than a set internal resistance threshold value, determining that the capacity of the battery does not meet the design requirement, and sending a second replacement message to indicate that the third target battery needs to be replaced; and under the condition that the internal resistance of the third target battery is smaller than or equal to the set internal resistance threshold value, the battery meets the design requirement, and the battery does not need to be replaced, so that the service life of the battery is prolonged as far as possible.
In the embodiment of the invention, whether the battery needs to be replaced or not is determined by monitoring the resistance of the battery, wherein a second replacement message is sent when the internal resistance of the third target battery is larger than a set internal resistance threshold value, and the second replacement message is used for indicating the replacement of the third target battery so as to replace the battery; meanwhile, under the condition that the internal resistance of the third target battery is smaller than or equal to the set internal resistance threshold value, the battery does not need to be replaced, so that the service life of the battery is prolonged as much as possible.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises:
controlling the first target battery to stop discharging under the condition that the control device controls the first target battery to discharge and the voltage of the first target battery reaches a set lower limit threshold value;
And controlling the fourth target battery to stop charging when the control device controls the fourth target battery to charge and the voltage of the fourth target battery reaches a set upper limit threshold.
The set lower limit threshold is the lowest voltage of the battery, and when the voltage of the battery is discharged to the set lower limit threshold, the voltage of the battery cannot be reduced any more, and the first target battery needs to be controlled to stop discharging, and charging or planned charging is performed based on the average voltage value of all the batteries, so that the normal operation of the battery is ensured.
The set upper limit threshold is the highest voltage of the battery, and when the voltage of the battery is charged to the set upper limit threshold, the voltage of the battery cannot rise any more, and the fourth target battery needs to be controlled to stop charging, and discharging or planned discharging is performed based on the average voltage value of all the batteries, so as to ensure the normal operation of the battery.
In the embodiment of the invention, the first target battery is controlled to stop discharging under the condition that the control equipment controls the first target battery to discharge and the voltage of the first target battery reaches the set lower limit threshold value; and under the condition that the control equipment controls the fourth target battery to charge and the voltage of the fourth target battery reaches the set upper limit threshold value, controlling the fourth target battery to stop charging, so that the loss caused by overhigh or overlow voltage of the battery is avoided, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises:
acquiring the surface temperature of each battery;
and sending a third replacement message when the surface temperature of the fifth target battery is greater than a set temperature threshold, wherein the third replacement message is used for indicating to replace the fifth target battery, and the fifth target battery is one battery in the plurality of batteries.
It will be appreciated that the operating temperature of the battery, typically around 25 ℃, too high or too low a temperature can affect the conversion of the plate active material of the battery, thereby affecting the capacity and service life of the battery. Wherein, the negative plate can pile up the heat in the group battery discharge process for the negative pole true reaction monomer inside temperature of battery, in this application embodiment, through the temperature sensing module of installing with the negative pole connection of every battery, but the inside temperature of quick reaction monomer battery has fine early warning effect to the prevention of some electrolyte dryings, battery bulge scheduling problem that lead to because of the inside temperature of battery is too high, can effectually prevent that the battery from overheated and arousing the conflagration.
Specifically, when the surface temperature of the fifth target battery is greater than the set temperature threshold, the fifth target battery is overheated, and at this time, a third replacement message is sent, where the third replacement message is used to instruct to replace the fifth target battery, so as to avoid fire caused by overheating of the battery.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a block diagram of a battery pack monitoring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 4, a battery pack monitoring apparatus 400 includes:
a first obtaining module 401, configured to obtain a voltage of each of the plurality of batteries when none of the plurality of batteries is in charge;
a calculation module 402 for calculating an average value of voltages of the plurality of batteries;
a first sending module 403, configured to send a discharge indication message to a control device, where the discharge indication message is used to instruct the control device to control the discharge of the first target battery, and the first target battery is one of the multiple batteries, where a difference between a voltage of the first target battery and the average value is greater than a first set threshold;
a second obtaining module 404, configured to obtain a discharge-related parameter of each of the plurality of batteries, a remaining capacity of each of the plurality of batteries, and a historical state of charge value of each of the plurality of batteries, where the discharge-related parameter is used to characterize a discharge condition of each of the plurality of batteries;
the first processing module 405 is configured to input the discharge related parameters of each battery to a preset health degree model to perform health degree prediction, so as to obtain health degree of each battery;
The second processing module 406 is configured to input the discharge-related parameter of each battery, the remaining capacity of each battery, and the historical state of charge value of each battery to a preset state model to predict the state of charge value, so as to obtain a target state of charge value of each battery;
the second sending module 407 is configured to send a first replacement message when the health of the second target battery is less than the health threshold, or when the target state of charge value of the second target battery is less than the preset state of charge threshold, where the first replacement message is used to indicate replacement of the second target battery, and the second target battery is one of the batteries.
Optionally, the discharge related parameters include output energy, discharge depth, internal resistance and discharge voltage difference, wherein the discharge voltage difference is a voltage difference of two adjacent discharges;
the preset health degree model is obtained through training in the following mode:
acquiring historical output energy data, historical discharge depth data, historical internal resistance data, historical discharge voltage difference data and historical health data of each of a plurality of moments;
training an initial model based on the historical output energy data, the historical discharge depth data, the historical internal resistance data, the historical discharge voltage data and the historical health degree data at each moment to obtain the preset health degree model.
Optionally, the discharge related parameters include current and charge-discharge efficiency;
the second processing module 406 includes:
the first processing unit is used for respectively inputting the current, the charge and discharge efficiency, the residual capacity and the historical state of charge value of each battery into a preset state model for processing to obtain a target state of charge value of each battery;
the preset state model is expressed by the following formula:
soc (k) is the target state of charge value, soc (k-1) is the historical state of charge value, deltat is the time interval of discharging the battery pack, eta is the charge and discharge efficiency, I is the current of each battery, k is the current charge and discharge times, C p For the remaining capacity of each battery.
Optionally, the discharge-related parameter includes an internal resistance, and after the second obtaining module 404, the battery pack monitoring apparatus 400 further includes:
and the third sending module is used for sending a second replacement message when the internal resistance of a third target battery is larger than a set internal resistance threshold value, wherein the second replacement message is used for indicating to replace the third target battery, and the third target battery is one battery of the batteries.
Optionally, the battery pack monitoring apparatus 400 further includes:
and the fourth sending module is used for sending a charging indication message to the control equipment when the difference value between the voltage of the fourth target battery and the average value is smaller than a second set threshold value, wherein the charging indication message is used for indicating the control equipment to control the fourth target battery to be charged, and the fourth target battery is one battery among the batteries.
Optionally, the battery pack monitoring apparatus 400 further includes:
a first control module for controlling the first target battery to stop discharging when the control device controls the first target battery to discharge and the voltage of the first target battery reaches a set lower limit threshold;
and the second control module is used for controlling the fourth target battery to stop charging when the control equipment controls the fourth target battery to charge and the voltage of the fourth target battery reaches a set upper limit threshold value.
Optionally, the battery pack monitoring apparatus 400 further includes:
a third acquisition module for acquiring the surface temperature of each battery;
and a fifth sending module, configured to send a third replacement message when the surface temperature of a fifth target battery is greater than a set temperature threshold, where the third replacement message is used to indicate replacement of the fifth target battery, and the fifth target battery is one battery of the multiple batteries.
The battery pack monitoring device provided by the embodiment of the invention can realize the processes of the embodiments of the battery pack monitoring method, has the technical characteristics corresponding to each other one by one, can achieve the same technical effect, and is not repeated here for avoiding repetition.
It should be noted that, the battery pack monitoring device in the embodiment of the present invention may be a device, or may be a component, an integrated circuit, or a chip in an electronic device.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the electronic device includes a memory 501, a processor 502, and a program or an instruction stored to run on the memory 501, and when the program or the instruction is executed by the processor 502, any steps in the method embodiment corresponding to fig. 1 may be implemented and the same beneficial effects may be achieved, which will not be described herein.
Wherein the processor 502 may be CPU, ASIC, FPGA or a GPU.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or a portion of the steps of implementing the methods of the embodiments described above may be implemented by hardware associated with program instructions, where the program may be stored on a readable medium.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides a readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored, where the computer program when executed by a processor can implement any step in the method embodiment corresponding to fig. 1, and achieve the same technical effects, and in order to avoid repetition, no further description is given here. Such as Read-Only Memory (ROM), random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), magnetic or optical disk, etc.
The terms "first," "second," and the like in embodiments of the present invention are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Furthermore, the use of "and/or" in this application means at least one of the connected objects, such as a and/or B and/or C, is meant to encompass the 7 cases of a alone, B alone, C alone, and both a and B, both B and C, both a and C, and both A, B and C.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
From the above description of the embodiments, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the above-described example method may be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, but of course also by means of hardware, although in many cases the former is a preferred embodiment. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium (such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk), comprising several instructions for causing a terminal (which may be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, an air conditioner, or a second terminal device, etc.) to perform the method of the embodiments of the present application.
The embodiments of the present application have been described in connection with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are intended to be illustrative only and not limiting, and many forms can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present application and the scope of the claims, which are to be protected by the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A method of monitoring a battery pack, the battery pack comprising a plurality of cells, the method comprising:
acquiring the voltage of each battery in the plurality of batteries when none of the plurality of batteries is in charge;
calculating an average value of voltages of the plurality of batteries;
when the difference value between the voltage of the first target battery and the average value is larger than a first set threshold value, sending a discharge indication message to a control device, wherein the discharge indication message is used for indicating the control device to control the first target battery to discharge, and the first target battery is one battery of the plurality of batteries;
acquiring a discharge related parameter of each battery in the plurality of batteries, the residual capacity of each battery and the historical state of charge value of each battery, wherein the discharge related parameter is used for representing the discharge condition of each battery;
respectively inputting the discharge related parameters of each battery into a preset health degree model to predict the health degree, so as to obtain the health degree of each battery;
respectively inputting the discharge related parameters of each battery, the residual capacity of each battery and the historical state of charge value of each battery into a preset state model to predict the state of charge value, so as to obtain a target state of charge value of each battery;
And sending a first replacement message when the health degree of the second target battery is smaller than a health degree threshold value or when the target state of charge value of the second target battery is smaller than a preset state of charge threshold value, wherein the first replacement message is used for indicating to replace the second target battery, and the second target battery is one battery of the batteries.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the discharge-related parameters include output energy, depth of discharge, internal resistance, and discharge voltage difference, the discharge voltage difference being a voltage difference of two adjacent discharges;
the preset health degree model is obtained through training in the following mode:
acquiring historical output energy data, historical discharge depth data, historical internal resistance data, historical discharge voltage difference data and historical health data of each of a plurality of moments;
training an initial model based on the historical output energy data, the historical discharge depth data, the historical internal resistance data, the historical discharge voltage data and the historical health degree data at each moment to obtain the preset health degree model.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the discharge-related parameters include current and charge-discharge efficiency;
The step of respectively inputting the discharge related parameter of each battery, the residual capacity of each battery and the historical state of charge value of each battery into a preset state model to predict the state of charge value, and obtaining a target state of charge value of each battery comprises the following steps:
the current, the charge and discharge efficiency, the residual capacity and the historical state of charge value of each battery are respectively input into a preset state model for processing, so that a target state of charge value of each battery is obtained;
the preset state model is expressed by the following formula:
soc (k) is the target state of charge value, soc (k-1) is the historical state of charge value, deltat is the time interval of discharging the battery pack, eta is the charge and discharge efficiency, I is the current of each battery, k is the current charge and discharge times, C p For the remaining capacity of each battery.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the discharge-related parameter comprises an internal resistance, and wherein after the obtaining the discharge-related parameter for each of the plurality of batteries, the remaining capacity of each battery, and the historical state of charge value for each battery, the method further comprises:
And sending a second replacement message when the internal resistance of the third target battery is larger than the set internal resistance threshold value, wherein the second replacement message is used for indicating to replace the third target battery, and the third target battery is one battery in the plurality of batteries.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
and sending a charging indication message to the control device when the difference value between the voltage of the fourth target battery and the average value is smaller than a second set threshold value, wherein the charging indication message is used for indicating the control device to control the fourth target battery to be charged, and the fourth target battery is one battery of the plurality of batteries.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the method further comprises:
controlling the first target battery to stop discharging under the condition that the control device controls the first target battery to discharge and the voltage of the first target battery reaches a set lower limit threshold value;
and controlling the fourth target battery to stop charging when the control device controls the fourth target battery to charge and the voltage of the fourth target battery reaches a set upper limit threshold.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
acquiring the surface temperature of each battery;
and sending a third replacement message when the surface temperature of the fifth target battery is greater than a set temperature threshold, wherein the third replacement message is used for indicating to replace the fifth target battery, and the fifth target battery is one battery in the plurality of batteries.
8. A battery pack monitoring apparatus, the battery pack including a plurality of batteries, the apparatus comprising:
a first obtaining module, configured to obtain a voltage of each of the plurality of batteries when none of the plurality of batteries is in charge;
a calculation module for calculating an average value of voltages of the plurality of batteries;
a first sending module, configured to send a discharge indication message to a control device when a difference between a voltage of a first target battery and the average value is greater than a first set threshold, where the discharge indication message is used to instruct the control device to control the first target battery to discharge, and the first target battery is one battery of the plurality of batteries;
a second obtaining module, configured to obtain a discharge-related parameter of each of the plurality of batteries, a remaining capacity of each of the plurality of batteries, and a historical state of charge value of each of the plurality of batteries, where the discharge-related parameter is used to characterize a discharge condition of each of the plurality of batteries;
The first processing module is used for respectively inputting the discharge related parameters of each battery into a preset health degree model to conduct health degree prediction so as to obtain the health degree of each battery;
the second processing module is used for respectively inputting the discharge related parameters of each battery, the residual capacity of each battery and the historical state of charge value of each battery into a preset state model to predict the state of charge value, so as to obtain a target state of charge value of each battery;
the second sending module is configured to send a first replacement message when the health degree of the second target battery is smaller than a health degree threshold, or when the target state of charge value of the second target battery is smaller than a preset state of charge threshold, where the first replacement message is used to indicate replacement of the second target battery, and the second target battery is one of the multiple batteries.
9. An electronic device comprising a processor, a memory and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, which when executed by the processor performs the steps in the battery pack monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A readable storage medium storing a program, wherein the program when executed by a processor implements the steps in the battery pack monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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