CN117329052A - Ocean current energy conversion module with adjustable blade vertical shaft and ocean current energy power generation device - Google Patents
Ocean current energy conversion module with adjustable blade vertical shaft and ocean current energy power generation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN117329052A CN117329052A CN202311490278.7A CN202311490278A CN117329052A CN 117329052 A CN117329052 A CN 117329052A CN 202311490278 A CN202311490278 A CN 202311490278A CN 117329052 A CN117329052 A CN 117329052A
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 59
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008844 regulatory mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005536 corrosion prevention Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
- F03B3/14—Rotors having adjustable blades
- F03B3/145—Mechanisms for adjusting the blades
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
- F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B15/00—Controlling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
- F03B3/121—Blades, their form or construction
- F03B3/123—Blades, their form or construction specially designed as adjustable blades, e.g. for Kaplan-type turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/16—Stators
- F03B3/18—Stator blades; Guide conduits or vanes, e.g. adjustable
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
- H02K16/02—Machines with one stator and two or more rotors
- H02K16/025—Machines with one stator and two or more rotors with rotors and moving stators connected in a cascade
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K49/00—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes
- H02K49/10—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the permanent-magnet type
- H02K49/104—Magnetic couplings consisting of only two coaxial rotary elements, i.e. the driving element and the driven element
- H02K49/108—Magnetic couplings consisting of only two coaxial rotary elements, i.e. the driving element and the driven element with an axial air gap
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K51/00—Dynamo-electric gears, i.e. dynamo-electric means for transmitting mechanical power from a driving shaft to a driven shaft and comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an adjustable-blade vertical-shaft ocean current energy conversion module and an ocean current energy power generation device. The ocean current energy power generation device solves the problems of low energy conversion efficiency and unstable power generation of the existing ocean current energy power generation device, improves the ocean current energy conversion efficiency and the power generation quality, and enhances the survivability of the device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ocean current power generation, in particular to a blade-adjustable vertical axis ocean current energy conversion module and an ocean current energy power generation device.
Background
The ocean occupies more than 70% of the earth's surface area, concentrates about 97% of the water, and contains a large amount of energy sources including wave energy, tidal energy, ocean current energy, temperature difference energy, salt difference energy and the like. The ocean current energy refers to the energy contained in the sea water flowing under the sea level, and the ocean current is always in a flowing state, so that the sea area is huge, and the reserve quantity is huge.
The existing ocean current energy power generation device mainly converts mechanical energy into electric energy through driving of ocean current on fixed blades of a water turbine, but loads born by the water turbine blades in the rotating process show ascending resistance alternating change, so that the power generation efficiency is low, and the energy conversion rate is low. In addition, because the velocity of flow of ocean current constantly changes, its thrust to the hydraulic turbine blade constantly changes, and the speed of device operation constantly changes, and the electric energy that produces is unstable, the quality is lower, and often undulant electric energy causes the destruction to electric energy transmission equipment and power storage equipment easily, and the operating rate of power generation facility frequently changes simultaneously, also can influence the life of device itself, and current solution is the hydraulic turbine and adjusts with the gear box generally, but the gear box is too heavy, and its mechanical structure is complicated, more easily goes wrong.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the ocean current energy conversion module with the adjustable blade vertical shaft aiming at the defects in the prior art, the variable deflection angle structure of the blade is optimized by adopting the adjustable blade vertical shaft water turbine, so that the conversion efficiency of the ocean current energy of a single machine can be effectively improved, and in addition, the conversion efficiency of the ocean current energy can be further improved by adopting the arrangement of a double-machine array and a guide plate; in addition, the invention also provides a ocean current energy power generation device with the vertical axis ocean current energy conversion module with the adjustable blades, and the axial magnetic flux permanent magnet synchronous generator is adopted to replace a gear box for adjustment in combination with the design of an electronic unit control system, so that the device can achieve the effect of continuously and stably generating power; the designed floating intelligent regulation platform can not only improve the survivability of the device, but also lead the water turbine set to be opposite to ocean currents by the loaded direction regulation mechanism so as to realize the maximization of ocean current energy utilization benefit.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the ocean current energy conversion module comprises two vertical axis water turbines with adjustable blades and a guide plate;
the vertical shaft water turbine with the adjustable blades comprises an upper disc, a lower disc and a plurality of blades which are arranged between the upper disc and the lower disc along the circumferential direction, wherein the middle parts of the upper disc and the lower disc are fixedly connected through a rotating shaft, the blades are respectively and rotatably connected with the upper disc and the lower disc through the rotating shaft, a cam is arranged above the upper disc, and the upper end of the rotating shaft penetrates through the cam to be connected with a power generation module; the cam is fixedly arranged, the inner ends of the blades are provided with rollers, the edges of the upper disc and the lower disc are provided with sliding grooves, and when the water turbine rotates, the rollers at the upper part of the blades slide along the edges of the cam and are guided to move in the sliding grooves through the change of the outline of the cam so as to adjust the angle of the blades;
the two adjustable-blade vertical-axis water turbines are symmetrically arranged and rotate reversely, the guide plates are arranged on the symmetrical shafts of the two adjustable-blade vertical-axis water turbines and are close to the position of incoming flow, and the performance of the water turbines is improved by utilizing the shielding and accelerating effects generated by the guide plates.
In the scheme, the cam is divided into a full-opening area, a closing area and an auxiliary opening area according to the control action of the profile of the cam on the rotation angle of the blade; the blade full-open area is positioned at the forward flow position and is close to the symmetrical axis of the two vertical axis water turbines with adjustable blades, in the blade full-open area, the blades are in a full-open state, and the blades absorb the energy of ocean current impact to the greatest extent in the area; the blade closing area is positioned at the countercurrent position and far away from the symmetry axis of the two adjustable-blade vertical-axis water turbines, and in the blade closing area, the blades are in a closing state so as to reduce the reverse flow resistance; the auxiliary opening area of the blade is positioned between the full opening area of the blade and the closing area of the blade, the cam edge of the area is an inward concave arc groove, and the blade is guided to rapidly open when passing through, so that the blade enters the full opening area of the blade in a full opening state.
In the above scheme, the end parallel to the symmetry axis and far away from the flow direction is 0 degree, the full-open area of the blade is a region of 90 degrees to 225 degrees, the auxiliary opening area of the blade is a region of 225 degrees to 270 degrees, and the rest areas are blade closing areas.
In the scheme, the rollers above and below the blades are respectively connected with the blades through the connecting shafts, the sliding grooves formed in the upper disc are small sliding grooves with the width matched with the diameter of the connecting shafts of the rollers, and the connecting shafts of the rollers above are contacted with the cams and move in the small sliding grooves; the chute arranged on the lower disc is a large chute with the width equal to the diameter of the roller, and the roller below is arranged in the large chute of the lower disc and slides along the large chute.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a flow-velocity self-adaptive blade-adjustable vertical-axis ocean current energy power generation device, which comprises a floating intelligent regulation platform, an ocean current energy conversion module arranged below the floating intelligent regulation platform and a flow-velocity self-adaptive power generation module arranged above the floating intelligent regulation platform;
the ocean current energy conversion module adopts the vertical-axis ocean current energy conversion module with adjustable blades, a rotating shaft of a vertical-axis water turbine with adjustable blades of the ocean current energy conversion module is connected with the flow rate self-adaptive power generation module, and a cam is fixedly connected with the bottom of the floating intelligent regulation platform;
the flow rate self-adaptive power generation module comprises a power generating set, a permanent magnet coupling and an electronic unit control system; the generator set comprises two axial flux permanent magnet synchronous generators symmetrically arranged on the floating intelligent regulation platform, and the lower part of each axial flux permanent magnet synchronous generator is connected with the rotating shaft of the vertical axis water turbine with adjustable blades through a permanent magnet coupler; the axial flux permanent magnet synchronous generator adopts a double-outer-stator single-rotor structure and comprises a plurality of groups of alternating current generator blocks, each group of alternating current generator blocks comprises a stator with a winding, and a rotor is positioned between the two stators and is arranged on the same shaft; the electronic unit control system comprises a PIC microcontroller, a rectifier and a DAQ card, wherein the rectifier is arranged on a current output circuit of each group of alternating-current generator blocks and is connected with a load circuit, whether the output of each alternating-current generator block is connected with the switch action of the load circuit or not is controlled by the PIC microcontroller respectively, and the DAQ card is used for collecting output voltage signals of each group of alternating-current generator blocks and sending the output voltage signals to the PIC microcontroller; the PIC microcontroller sets a rated voltage value, and controls the number of the alternating current generator blocks connected to the load to increase/decrease according to the increase/decrease of the output voltage of the DAQ card until the output voltage of the DAQ card reaches the rated value, so that the rotor of the axial magnetic flux permanent magnet synchronous generator operates at the set stable values at different flow rates.
In the scheme, the permanent magnet coupler comprises a conductor rotor connected with the water turbine end and a permanent magnet rotor connected with the generator end, the conductor rotor is driven to rotate through the water turbine, a copper ring in the conductor rotor cuts magnetic force lines generated by a permanent magnet on the permanent magnet rotor, so that induced vortex is generated, and Lorentz force and reverse torque which are opposite to the running direction of the conductor rotor are generated by the induced vortex so as to drive the permanent magnet rotor connected with the generator end to rotate.
In the scheme, the floating intelligent adjusting platform comprises a platform body, a floating body and a direction adjusting mechanism; the floating body is arranged on the outer side of the platform body, an annular track is arranged in the middle of the platform body, the direction adjusting mechanism comprises a sealing box body fixed in the middle of the platform body and a rotating ring rotatably arranged at the bottom of the sealing box body, the sealing box body is provided with an ocean current flow direction self-adaptive system, the rotating ring is driven to rotate by a driving device arranged on the inner side of the rotating ring, the outer side wall of the rotating table is connected with three rotating tables, the three rotating tables are all positioned in the annular track, the two rotating tables are provided with the axial magnetic flux permanent magnet synchronous generator, and the lower part of the other rotating table is provided with a guide plate; the ocean current flow direction self-adaptive system monitors ocean current information and confirms the ocean current flow direction, and the driving device is controlled to adjust the direction of the rotating ring, so that the direction adjustment of the vertical axis water turbine with adjustable blades is realized.
In the scheme, the three rotary tables are distributed in a T shape.
In the above scheme, ocean current flow direction self-adaptation system includes sensor, submarine optical cable, switch and electronic control system, the sensor is arranged in sealed box upside, monitors ocean current information and confirms ocean current flow direction, changes the electrical signal into through submarine cable with the switch conversion of signal transmission in the sealed box into, and the electrical signal input electronic control system, thereby electronic control system control drive arrangement corotation or reversal adjusts the direction of swivel becket.
In the scheme, the floating intelligent adjusting platform further comprises a plurality of groups of anchoring systems arranged on the floating body, each group of anchoring systems comprises an anchor, an anchor chain and a high elastic rope, the anchors are connected with the high elastic rope, the high elastic rope is connected with the anchor chain, the anchor chain is connected with the floating body, and the anchors are fixed on the seabed during operation to finish positioning of the device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention designs the vertical axis ocean current energy conversion module with the adjustable blades, the ocean current pushes the blades to move, so that the rollers arranged on the upper inner sides of the blades move along with the blades, and the deflection angle of the blades is controlled by the special shape of the cam, so that the blades in the full-open area of the blades are in a full-open state, the effective area of the blades under the action of thrust is increased, the conversion efficiency of the vertical axis water turbine is improved, the blades in the closed area of the blades are in a closed state, the stress area of the blades is reduced, and the generated negative torque is reduced, so that the whole structure can obtain the maximum torque. And the roller below the blade moves along the chute on the chassis to limit the rotation of the blade when fully opened and prevent the roller above from leaving the cam track. The ocean current energy conversion module adopts the arrangement of the double-machine array reverse inward rotation, and the transverse speed of the upstream of each water turbine is changed due to the existence of the adjacent water turbines, so that the local flow direction close to the blades of the water turbines is more beneficial to generating lift force and torque, and the reverse rotation arrangement of the double machines can change the incident flow field, so that the pressure difference between the upstream side and the back side of the blades is larger, and the water turbines generate larger driving torque. Meanwhile, the added flow guide plate can improve the performance by rearranging the input flow field, and the performance of the water turbine is improved by a shielding effect and an acceleration effect.
2. The electronic unit control system in the flow rate self-adaptive power generation module adopts autonomous electronic control for the generator block in the axial flux permanent magnet synchronous generator. The structure can enable the permanent magnet synchronous motor to generate stable and continuous electric energy at different flow rates, effectively improves the stability of generated electric energy, avoids severe fluctuation of electric energy, conveniently protects corresponding electric energy transmission equipment and electricity storage equipment, simultaneously improves the running stability of power generation equipment, avoids equipment fatigue damage caused by frequent fluctuation of equipment running speed, effectively prolongs the service life of equipment, and improves practicability.
3. The floating intelligent regulation platform not only improves the survivability of the device, but also meets the direction-changing requirement of the water turbine unit, and the energy conversion benefit is maximized.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of a flow rate adaptive adjustable vane vertical axis ocean current energy power generation device of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a ocean current energy conversion module of the ocean current energy power generation device shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an adjustable vane vertical axis turbine of the ocean current energy conversion module shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the cam of the adjustable vane vertical axis turbine of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the upper disc of the adjustable vane vertical axis turbine of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the lower disc of the adjustable vane vertical axis turbine of FIG. 3;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the blades of the adjustable blade vertical axis turbine shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of the attitude of the blades of the different regions of the adjustable blade vertical axis turbine of FIG. 3;
FIG. 9 is a block diagram of an alternator block of the flow rate adaptive power generation module of the ocean current energy power plant of FIG. 1;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an electronic unit control system of a flow rate adaptive power generation module of the ocean current energy power plant of FIG. 1;
FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a floating intelligent regulation platform of the ocean current energy power plant of FIG. 1;
FIG. 12 is a partial block diagram of a directional adjustment mechanism of the floating intelligent adjustment platform shown in FIG. 11;
fig. 13 is a block diagram of the mooring system of the floating intelligent regulation platform shown in fig. 11.
In the figure: 1. the ocean current energy conversion module; 11. blade-adjustable vertical axis water turbine; 111. a blade; 112. a rotating shaft; 113. a roller; 114. an upper disc; 1141. a small chute; 115. a lower disc; 1151. a large chute; 116. a rotation shaft; 117. a cam; 12. a deflector;
2. a flow rate self-adaptive power generation module; 211. a stator; 212. a stator coil; 213. a rotor; 214. a permanent magnet; 221. a PIC microcontroller; 222. a rectifier; 223. a DAQ card; 3. a floating intelligent adjusting platform; 31. a platform body; 311. an endless track; 32. a floating body; 33. a direction adjusting mechanism; 331. sealing the box body; 332. a rotating ring; 333. a turntable; 34. an anchoring system; 341. an anchor; 342. an anchor chain; 343. a high elastic cord.
Detailed Description
For a clearer understanding of technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, a detailed description of embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the flow rate self-adaptive blade-adjustable vertical axis ocean current energy power generation device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a floating intelligent regulation platform 3, an ocean current energy conversion module 1 arranged below the floating intelligent regulation platform 3, and a flow rate self-adaptive power generation module 2 arranged above the floating intelligent regulation platform 3.
As shown in fig. 2, the vertical axis ocean current energy conversion module 1 with adjustable blades comprises two vertical axis water turbines 11 with adjustable blades and a guide plate 12, wherein the two vertical axis water turbines 11 with adjustable blades are symmetrically arranged and reversely rotate, the guide plate 12 is arranged on the symmetrical axis of the two vertical axis water turbines 11 with adjustable blades and is close to the position of incoming flow, and the performance of the water turbines is improved by using the shielding and accelerating effects generated by the guide plate 12.
As shown in fig. 3, the vertical axis hydraulic turbine 11 with adjustable blades comprises an upper disc 114, a lower disc 115, and a plurality of blades 111 arranged between the upper disc 114 and the lower disc 115 along the circumferential direction, wherein the middle parts of the upper disc 114 and the lower disc 115 are fixedly connected through a rotating shaft 116, the blades 111 are respectively and rotatably connected with the upper disc 114 and the lower disc 115 through the rotating shaft 112, a cam 117 is arranged above the upper disc 114, and the upper end of the rotating shaft 116 passes through the cam 117 and then is connected with a power generation module; the cam 117 is fixedly connected with the floating intelligent regulation platform 3, the inner ends of the blades 111 are provided with rollers 113, the edges of the upper disc 114 and the lower disc 115 are provided with sliding grooves, when the water turbine rotates, the upper rollers 113 slide along the edges of the cam 117, and the rollers 113 are guided to move in the corresponding sliding grooves through the change of the outline of the cam 117 so as to regulate the angles of the blades 111.
As shown in fig. 4 and 8, the cam 117 functions to deflect the vane 111 itself when the vane 111 rotates about the cam 117, so that the vane 111 remains closed in the reverse flow position to reduce resistance and fully opens in the forward flow position. Specifically, the cam 117 is divided into three regions, namely a full opening region i of the vane 111, a closing region ii of the vane 111, and an auxiliary opening region iii of the vane 111, according to the control action of the profile thereof on the rotation angle of the vane 111. The full-open area I of the blade 111 is positioned at the forward flow position and is close to the symmetry axis of the two adjustable blade vertical axis water turbines 11, in the full-open area I of the blade 111, the blade 111 is kept in a full-open state and cannot deflect at all, and the blade 111 can absorb the energy of ocean current impact to the greatest extent in the area; the closing area II of the blade 111 is positioned at the countercurrent position and far away from the symmetry axis of the two adjustable-blade vertical-axis water turbines 11, and in the closing area II of the blade 111, the blade 111 is kept in a closed state so as to reduce the reverse flow resistance, thereby improving the performance; the auxiliary opening area III of the blade 111 is positioned between the full opening area I of the blade 111 and the closing area II of the blade 111, and the edge of the cam 117 in the area is an inward concave arc groove, so that the blade 111 can be assisted to rapidly open when passing through, and then enter the full opening area I of the blade 111 in a full opening state, so that the blade 111 outputs maximum power in the full opening area I of the blade 111. In this embodiment, the end parallel to the symmetry axis and far from the flow direction is 0 °, the fully opened area i of the vane 111 is an area of 90 ° to 225 °, the auxiliary opened area iii of the vane 111 is an area of 225 ° to 270 °, and the rest area is the closed area ii of the vane 111. To clearly show the pose of the blades 111 in the different regions, only three blades 111 are shown in fig. 8.
As shown in fig. 5-6, the rollers 113 above and below the blade 111 are respectively connected with the blade 111 through connecting shafts, the sliding groove arranged on the upper disc 114 is a small sliding groove 1141 with the width adapted to the diameter of the connecting shaft at the bottom of the roller 113, and the connecting shaft of the roller 113 above is contacted with the cam 117 and moves in the small sliding groove 1141; the sliding groove provided on the lower disc 115 is a large sliding groove 1151 having a width equal to the diameter of the roller 113, and the upper roller 113 is installed in the large sliding groove 1151 of the lower disc 115 and slides along the large sliding groove 1151 for restricting the rotation when the vane 111 is completely opened and preventing the upper roller 113 from moving away from the cam 117.
As shown in fig. 7, the outer surface of the blade 111 is circular arc, so that ocean current can slide more easily during countercurrent, resistance is reduced, the interior is hollow, the impact area of the ocean current is increased during forward current, and impact force is increased. The upper and lower ends of the blade 111 are respectively provided with a horizontal mounting plate, and the mounting plates are provided with mounting holes for the rotating shaft 112 and mounting holes for connecting shafts of the rollers 113. In the present embodiment, the blades 111 are designed to be six.
Further optimizing, and carrying out corrosion prevention treatment on the vertical axis hydraulic turbine 11 with adjustable blades; two adjustable blade vertical axis hydraulic turbines 11 are turned in opposite directions side by side. The cross section of the deflector 12 is diamond-shaped and is basically at the same height as the water turbine set.
The flow rate self-adaptive power generation module 2 comprises a power generation unit, a permanent magnet coupling and an electronic unit control system; the generator set comprises two axial flux permanent magnet synchronous generators symmetrically arranged on the floating intelligent regulation platform 3, and the lower part of each axial flux permanent magnet synchronous generator is connected with a rotating shaft 116 of the adjustable-blade vertical shaft water turbine 11 through a permanent magnet coupling. As shown in fig. 9, the axial flux permanent magnet synchronous generator adopts a double outer stator single rotor structure, which comprises a plurality of groups of ac generator blocks (four groups in this embodiment), each group of ac generator blocks comprises a stator 211 with concentrated windings of stator coils 212, a rotor 213 is located between two stators 211, permanent magnets 214 are built in the rotor 213, and the rotors 213 are all mounted on the same shaft. As shown in fig. 10, the electronic unit control system includes a PIC microcontroller 221, a rectifier 222, and a DAQ card 223, where the current output circuit of each group of ac generator blocks is provided with a rectifier 222 and connected to a load circuit, and the switching operation of whether the output of each ac generator block is connected to the load circuit is controlled by the PIC microcontroller 221, respectively, and the DAQ card 223 is used to collect the output voltage signals of each group of ac generator blocks and send the output voltage signals to the PIC microcontroller 221, and the PIC microcontroller 221 sets a rated voltage value.
The principle of the electronic unit control system is explained as shown in fig. 10: the electronic unit control system adjusts the output power, voltage and frequency by increasing or decreasing the number of alternator blocks so that the axial flux permanent magnet synchronous motor can produce stable electrical energy at different flow rates. The output of the alternator block is rectified and connected to the load circuit, the switching action is performed by the PIC microcontroller 221, and the opening action by shorting the output of the alternator block is also performed by the PIC microcontroller 221.
The power generation module starts to work, the first group of alternating current generator blocks are connected to the load circuit, the first switch is closed, if the voltage acquired by the DAQ card 223 exceeds the rated voltage value, the DAQ card 223 sends a signal to the PIC microcontroller 221, the PIC microcontroller 221 closes the second switch, the third switch and even the fourth switch, and the new alternating current generator blocks are connected, so that the rotor speed is reduced, and the voltage is reduced. During operation, the PIC microcontroller 221 sequentially changes the opening and closing states of the switches according to the output voltage value of the DAQ card 223, and when the output voltage of the DAQ card 223 falls below a required voltage, the PIC microcontroller 221 sequentially turns off the switches to remove the corresponding alternator block from the load, thereby increasing the rotor speed and increasing the voltage until the output voltage of the DAQ card 223 reaches the rated voltage value.
Further preferably, the permanent magnet coupler comprises a conductor rotor connected with the water turbine end and a permanent magnet rotor connected with the generator end, the conductor rotor is driven to rotate through the water turbine, a copper ring in the conductor rotor cuts magnetic force lines generated by permanent magnets on the permanent magnet rotor, so that induced vortex is generated, and Lorentz force and reverse torque which are opposite to the running direction of the conductor rotor are generated by the induced vortex, so that the permanent magnet rotor connected with the generator end is driven to rotate.
As shown in fig. 11, the floating intelligent regulation platform 3 includes a platform body 31, a floating body 32, and a direction regulating mechanism 33. The floating body 32 is arranged on the outer side of the platform body 31 to realize the suspension of the floating body 32, the annular track 311 is arranged in the middle of the platform body 31, the direction adjusting mechanism 33 comprises a sealing box 331 fixed on the middle of the platform body 31 and a rotating ring 332 rotatably arranged at the bottom of the sealing box 331, the outer side of the sealing box 331 is fixedly connected with the floating body 32 through a support, an ocean current flow direction self-adaptive system is arranged in the sealing box 331, the rotating ring 332 is driven to rotate by a driving device (not shown) arranged on the inner side of the sealing box 331, three rotary tables 333 are connected with the outer side walls of the rotary tables, the three rotary tables 333 are all positioned in the annular track 311, an axial magnetic flux permanent magnet synchronous generator is arranged above the two rotary tables 333, and a guide plate 12 is arranged below the other rotary table 333. The ocean current flow direction self-adaptive system monitors ocean current information and confirms the ocean current flow direction, and the driving device is controlled to adjust the direction of the rotating ring 332, so that the direction adjustment of the vertical axis water turbine 11 with adjustable blades is realized.
Further optimized, according to the arrangement characteristics of the turbine unit and the guide plates 12, the three rotary tables 333 are distributed in a T shape and can rotate in the annular track 311, the guide plates 12 are arranged on the bottom surfaces of the rotary tables 333 at the front part, holes are distributed at the centers of the two rotary tables 333 at the rear part, which are opposite, and the holes are used for arranging the permanent magnet coupling to realize connection of the generator and the turbine.
Further preferably, the ocean current flow direction self-adaptive system comprises a sensor, an ocean bottom optical cable, a switch and an electronic control system, wherein the sensor is arranged on the upper side of the sealing box 331, monitors ocean current information and confirms the ocean current flow direction, signals are transmitted to the switch in the sealing box 331 through the ocean bottom optical cable and converted into electric signals, the electric signals are input into the electronic control system, and the electronic control system controls the driving device to rotate forward or reversely so as to adjust the direction of the rotating ring 332, so that the ocean current energy power generation efficiency is improved.
Further preferably, an internal gear is provided inside the rotating ring 332, and the driving device is in driving connection with the internal gear of the rotating ring 332 through a gear set (not shown).
Further preferably, the floating intelligent regulation platform 3 further comprises a plurality of groups of anchoring systems 34 arranged on the floating body 32, each group of anchoring systems 34 comprises an anchor 341, an anchor chain 342 and a high elastic rope 343, the anchors 341 are directly connected with the high elastic ropes 343, the high elastic ropes 343 are connected with the anchor chains 342, the anchor chains 342 are connected with the floating body 32, and the anchors 341 are fixed on the seabed during operation to finish positioning of the device. The high elastic cord 343 provides better buffering pretension and extension force, can withstand the torque generated by ocean current movement, and has better resilience to withstand large load.
In this embodiment, two floating bodies 32 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the platform body 31, the multi-point anchoring system 34 is divided into four groups, each two groups are arranged in a pair in front of and behind one floating body 32, and the two pairs are symmetrically distributed, so that the adjustment of the posture of the platform is facilitated and the platform is fixed.
The working principle of the flow-velocity self-adaptive blade 111 vertical axis ocean current energy power generation device is as follows:
ocean currents strike the turbine blades 111, the blades 111 and the upper and lower disks 115 rotate, the rotating shafts 116 also rotate along with the blades 111, the cams 117 are fixed, and the upper rollers 113 move along the shape of the cams 117, so that the forward flow blades 111 are in a fully opened state to increase the effective area of the blades 111 under the thrust action, the conversion efficiency of the vertical axis turbine is improved, the reverse flow blades 111 are in a closed state, the stress area of the blades 111 is reduced, and the generated negative torque is reduced.
According to the arrangement of the twin-turbine side-by-side reverse rotation, the lateral speed of the upstream of each water turbine is changed due to the existence of the adjacent water turbines, so that the local flow direction close to the blades 111 of the water turbines is more beneficial to generating lift force and torque, the reverse rotation arrangement of the twin-turbine can change the incident flow field, the pressure difference between the upstream side and the back side of the blades 111 is larger, the larger driving torque is generated on the water turbines, the power coefficients of the two water turbines are obviously enhanced, and meanwhile, the influence of the incoming flow non-uniformity on the power generation efficiency of the ocean current energy power generation device can be eliminated to the greatest extent.
The deflector 12 affects the hydrodynamic performance of the vertical axis turbine mainly by a shadowing effect, which can suppress the stall of the turbine blades 111 at low tip speed ratios, and an acceleration effect, which can increase the local angle of attack and the relative speed of the blades 111, thereby improving the hydrodynamic performance of the turbine. When the water turbine runs in an inward rotation mode after the guide plate 12 is installed, the shielding and accelerating effects generated by the guide plate 12 can be fully utilized, so that the performance of the water turbine is improved.
The rotation shaft 116 of the water turbine rotates to drive the conductor rotor in the permanent magnet coupler to rotate, the copper ring inside the conductor rotor cuts magnetic force lines generated by the permanent magnets on the permanent magnet rotor, so that induced vortex is generated, the induced vortex generates Lorentz force and reverse torque opposite to the running direction of the conductor rotor, and the permanent magnet rotor connected with the generator end is driven to rotate, so that the axial flux permanent magnet synchronous generator generates electricity.
The electronic unit control system adjusts the output power, voltage and frequency by increasing or decreasing the number of alternator blocks so that the axial flux permanent magnet synchronous motor can produce stable electrical energy at different flow rates. The PIC microcontroller 221 connects/disconnects the second, third and fourth sets of alternator blocks to the load in response to the increase/decrease of the output voltage of the DAQ card 223 so that the rotor of the generator can operate at different flow rates with a set steady value.
The floating intelligent regulation platform 3 central seal box 331 embeds ocean current flow direction self-adaptation system, can detect ocean current flow direction, if ocean current flow direction changes, gives the switch through submarine cable with signal transmission and converts the signal into the electrical signal, and the electrical signal is input electronic control system to control direction adjustment mechanism 33 realizes intelligent direction adjustment, in order to reach the effect that the turbine unit just is ocean current all the time.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many forms may be made by those having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the claims, which are to be protected by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The ocean current energy conversion module with the adjustable blade vertical shaft is characterized by comprising two adjustable blade vertical shaft water turbines and a guide plate;
the vertical shaft water turbine with the adjustable blades comprises an upper disc, a lower disc and a plurality of blades which are arranged between the upper disc and the lower disc along the circumferential direction, wherein the middle parts of the upper disc and the lower disc are fixedly connected through a rotating shaft, the blades are respectively and rotatably connected with the upper disc and the lower disc through the rotating shaft, a cam is arranged above the upper disc, and the upper end of the rotating shaft penetrates through the cam to be connected with a power generation module; the cam is fixedly arranged, the inner ends of the blades are provided with rollers, the edges of the upper disc and the lower disc are provided with sliding grooves, and when the water turbine rotates, the rollers at the upper part of the blades slide along the edges of the cam and are guided to move in the sliding grooves through the change of the outline of the cam so as to adjust the angle of the blades;
the two adjustable-blade vertical-axis water turbines are symmetrically arranged and rotate reversely, the guide plates are arranged on the symmetrical shafts of the two adjustable-blade vertical-axis water turbines and are close to the position of incoming flow, and the performance of the water turbines is improved by utilizing the shielding and accelerating effects generated by the guide plates.
2. The variable vane vertical shaft ocean current energy conversion module according to claim 1 wherein the cam is divided into a vane full open area, a vane closed area, a vane auxiliary open area according to its profile control effect on the vane rotation angle; the blade full-open area is positioned at the forward flow position and is close to the symmetrical axis of the two vertical axis water turbines with adjustable blades, in the blade full-open area, the blades are in a full-open state, and the blades absorb the energy of ocean current impact to the greatest extent in the area; the blade closing area is positioned at the countercurrent position and far away from the symmetry axis of the two adjustable-blade vertical-axis water turbines, and in the blade closing area, the blades are in a closing state so as to reduce the reverse flow resistance; the auxiliary opening area of the blade is positioned between the full opening area of the blade and the closing area of the blade, the cam edge of the area is an inward concave arc groove, and the blade is guided to rapidly open when passing through, so that the blade enters the full opening area of the blade in a full opening state.
3. The adjustable vane vertical axis ocean current energy conversion module of claim 2 wherein the vane fully open region is a region of 90 ° to 225 ° and the vane auxiliary open region is a region of 225 ° to 270 ° with one end parallel to the axis of symmetry and remote from the flow direction and the remaining region is a vane closed region.
4. The ocean current energy conversion module with the adjustable blade vertical shaft according to claim 1 wherein the rollers above and below the blade are respectively connected with the blade through connecting shafts, the sliding grooves formed in the upper disc are small sliding grooves with the width matched with the diameter of the connecting shafts of the rollers, and the connecting shafts of the rollers above are contacted with the cam and move in the small sliding grooves; the chute arranged on the lower disc is a large chute with the width equal to the diameter of the roller, and the roller below is arranged in the large chute of the lower disc and slides along the large chute.
5. The flow rate self-adaptive blade-adjustable vertical-axis ocean current energy power generation device is characterized by comprising a floating intelligent regulation platform, an ocean current energy conversion module arranged below the floating intelligent regulation platform and a flow rate self-adaptive power generation module arranged above the floating intelligent regulation platform;
the ocean current energy conversion module adopts the adjustable-blade vertical-axis ocean current energy conversion module as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, a rotating shaft of the adjustable-blade vertical-axis water turbine of the ocean current energy conversion module is connected with the flow rate self-adaptive power generation module, and a cam is fixedly connected with the bottom of the floating intelligent regulation platform;
the flow rate self-adaptive power generation module comprises a power generating set, a permanent magnet coupling and an electronic unit control system; the generator set comprises two axial flux permanent magnet synchronous generators symmetrically arranged on the floating intelligent regulation platform, and the lower part of each axial flux permanent magnet synchronous generator is connected with the rotating shaft of the vertical axis water turbine with adjustable blades through a permanent magnet coupler; the axial flux permanent magnet synchronous generator adopts a double-outer-stator single-rotor structure and comprises a plurality of groups of alternating current generator blocks, each group of alternating current generator blocks comprises a stator with a winding, and a rotor is positioned between the two stators and is arranged on the same shaft; the electronic unit control system comprises a PIC microcontroller, a rectifier and a DAQ card, wherein the rectifier is arranged on a current output circuit of each group of alternating-current generator blocks and is connected with a load circuit, whether the output of each alternating-current generator block is connected with the switch action of the load circuit or not is controlled by the PIC microcontroller respectively, and the DAQ card is used for collecting output voltage signals of each group of alternating-current generator blocks and sending the output voltage signals to the PIC microcontroller; the PIC microcontroller sets a rated voltage value, and controls the number of the alternating current generator blocks connected to the load to increase/decrease according to the increase/decrease of the output voltage of the DAQ card until the output voltage of the DAQ card reaches the rated value, so that the rotor of the axial magnetic flux permanent magnet synchronous generator operates at the set stable values at different flow rates.
6. The flow rate self-adaptive adjustable vane vertical axis ocean current energy power generation device according to claim 5, wherein the permanent magnet coupler comprises a conductor rotor connected with a water turbine end and a permanent magnet rotor connected with a generator end, the conductor rotor is driven to rotate by the water turbine, a copper ring in the conductor rotor cuts magnetic force lines generated by permanent magnets on the permanent magnet rotor, so that induced vortex is generated, and lorentz force and reverse torque which are opposite to the running direction of the conductor rotor are generated by the induced vortex so as to drive the permanent magnet rotor connected with the generator end to rotate.
7. The flow rate self-adaptive adjustable vane vertical axis ocean current energy power generation device according to claim 5, wherein the floating intelligent regulation platform comprises a platform body, a floating body and a direction regulation mechanism; the floating body is arranged on the outer side of the platform body, an annular track is arranged in the middle of the platform body, the direction adjusting mechanism comprises a sealing box body fixed in the middle of the platform body and a rotating ring rotatably arranged at the bottom of the sealing box body, the sealing box body is provided with an ocean current flow direction self-adaptive system, the rotating ring is driven to rotate by a driving device arranged on the inner side of the rotating ring, the outer side wall of the rotating table is connected with three rotating tables, the three rotating tables are all positioned in the annular track, the two rotating tables are provided with the axial magnetic flux permanent magnet synchronous generator, and the lower part of the other rotating table is provided with a guide plate; the ocean current flow direction self-adaptive system monitors ocean current information and confirms the ocean current flow direction, and the driving device is controlled to adjust the direction of the rotating ring, so that the direction adjustment of the vertical axis water turbine with adjustable blades is realized.
8. The flow rate adaptive adjustable vane vertical axis ocean current energy power generation device of claim 7 wherein the three turntables are distributed in a T-shape.
9. The flow rate self-adaptive adjustable vane vertical axis ocean current energy power generation device according to claim 7, wherein the ocean current flow direction self-adaptive system comprises a sensor, an ocean bottom optical cable, a switch and an electronic control system, the sensor is arranged on the upper side of the sealed box body, ocean current information is monitored, the ocean current flow direction is confirmed, a signal is transmitted to the switch in the sealed box body through the ocean bottom cable to be converted into an electric signal, the electric signal is input into the electronic control system, and the electronic control system controls the driving device to rotate forwards or reversely so as to adjust the direction of the rotating ring.
10. The flow rate self-adaptive adjustable vane vertical axis ocean current energy power generation device according to claim 7, wherein the floating intelligent regulation platform further comprises a plurality of groups of anchoring systems mounted on the floating body, each group of anchoring systems comprises an anchor, an anchor chain and a high elastic rope, the anchors are connected with the high elastic rope, the high elastic rope is connected with the anchor chain, the anchor chain is connected with the floating body, and the anchor chain is anchored to the seabed in operation to complete positioning of the device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311490278.7A CN117329052A (en) | 2023-11-08 | 2023-11-08 | Ocean current energy conversion module with adjustable blade vertical shaft and ocean current energy power generation device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311490278.7A CN117329052A (en) | 2023-11-08 | 2023-11-08 | Ocean current energy conversion module with adjustable blade vertical shaft and ocean current energy power generation device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117329052A true CN117329052A (en) | 2024-01-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311490278.7A Pending CN117329052A (en) | 2023-11-08 | 2023-11-08 | Ocean current energy conversion module with adjustable blade vertical shaft and ocean current energy power generation device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN117329052A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-11-08 CN CN202311490278.7A patent/CN117329052A/en active Pending
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