CN117328104A - Gas-water separation device for draining and blocking gas for high-pressure water electrolysis system and implementation method - Google Patents
Gas-water separation device for draining and blocking gas for high-pressure water electrolysis system and implementation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117328104A CN117328104A CN202311120212.9A CN202311120212A CN117328104A CN 117328104 A CN117328104 A CN 117328104A CN 202311120212 A CN202311120212 A CN 202311120212A CN 117328104 A CN117328104 A CN 117328104A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 362
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 351
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- PIYVNGWKHNMMAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].O Chemical compound [O].O PIYVNGWKHNMMAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
- C01B13/02—Preparation of oxygen
- C01B13/0229—Purification or separation processes
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
- C01B3/56—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
- C25B15/083—Separating products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
- C25B15/087—Recycling of electrolyte to electrochemical cell
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
- C01B2203/0495—Composition of the impurity the impurity being water
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- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2210/00—Purification or separation of specific gases
- C01B2210/0043—Impurity removed
- C01B2210/0062—Water
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water-discharging and gas-blocking gas-water separation device for a high-pressure water electrolysis system and an implementation method thereof. The anode end of the water electrolyzer discharges oxygen and water which is not electrolyzed into the normal pressure water tank, the cathode end of the water electrolyzer discharges hydrogen and water into the hydrogen-water separator, the separated hydrogen is collected, the residual water which is not separated and the hydrogen are discharged through a pipeline, an electromagnetic valve and a control valve are sequentially arranged on the pipeline, the electromagnetic valve is opened and closed intermittently through the control pipeline, the control valve is controlled to be opened and closed according to the pressure change of the pipeline, the hydrogen is discharged through the control valve under the cooperation of the electromagnetic valve and the control valve, and the water returns to the normal pressure water tank through the pipeline. By the application of the invention, the performance and the safety of the high-pressure water electrolysis system can be effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a gas-water separation device for drainage gas resistance of a high-pressure water electrolysis system and an implementation method, and belongs to the technical field of high-pressure water electrolysis systems.
Background
The water electrolysis system comprises an electrolytic tank consisting of a cathode, an anode, an electrolyte membrane and the like, and is the core of the whole electrolysis system. When the electrolyzer is operated, under the action of an external direct current power supply, water is oxidized into oxygen, hydrogen ions (cations) and electrons at the anode. Under the influence of an externally applied electric field, hydrogen ions can migrate across the polymer electrolyte membrane from the anode to the cathode where the protons combine with electrons transferred through the external circuit to produce hydrogen gas. On the anode side, oxygen generated together with hydrogen ions (cations) is discharged from the anode side together with the remaining water. The hydrogen pressure at the cathode side is generally about high pressure (3 MPa), and the oxygen side pressure is normal pressure.
The mixture of oxygen and water on the anode side of the electrolyzer is returned directly to the water tank and recirculated to the electrolyzer by the circulation pump. The cathode side is generally high-pressure hydrogen and water carried by the hydrogen, and in order to obtain hydrogen in a dry state (generally below 5 ppm), the water and impurities in the hydrogen need to be removed by a hydrogen drying and purifying post-treatment device.
The first step requires an initial separation of hydrogen from liquid water. The existing gas-water separator is generally a vertical cyclone separation device with a drain valve integrated at the lower end. Under the action of gravity, hydrogen is concentrated in the upper part, water is accumulated at the bottom end, when a certain liquid level is reached, the drain valve is automatically opened to discharge water into the water tank for recovery under the action of pressure difference, and the hydrogen enters a subsequent treatment device. In this way, the high-pressure water in the gas-water separator needs to be discharged to normal pressure, so that the water discharge speed is high. And because the valve action has hysteresis, after water is emptied, high-pressure hydrogen can leak from the drain valve, so that not only can the hydrogen be wasted, but also the pressure fluctuation in the gas-water separator is severe, the stable control of the system is not facilitated, and most importantly, the hydrogen is discharged into the normal-pressure water tank to be contacted with oxygen in the normal-pressure water tank, and the risks of oxyhydrogen explosion, combustion and the like are easily generated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problems that: the device and the method for separating the gas from the water by discharging water and blocking the gas for the high-pressure water electrolysis system are provided to overcome the defects of the prior art, and the performance and the safety of the high-pressure water electrolysis system are improved through the design of the controlled discharge of the hydrogen.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the gas-water separator for draining and blocking gas for high-pressure water electrolysis system includes water electrolyzer, normal pressure water tank and circulating water pump, and has cathode connected to the hydrogen-water separator and output connected successively to solenoid valve, control valve and normal pressure water tank;
the anode end of the water electrolysis tank discharges oxygen and water which is not electrolyzed into an ordinary pressure water tank, and the ordinary pressure water tank injects water into the electrolysis tank through a circulating water pump; the cathode end of the water electrolysis cell discharges hydrogen and water into a hydrogen-water separator;
the hydrogen water separator separates water in the hydrogen from the hydrogen, the separated hydrogen is collected, the residual water and the hydrogen which are not separated are discharged out of the hydrogen water separator through the pipeline, the electromagnetic valve is opened intermittently to control the on-off of the pipeline, the control valve controls the on-off of the pipeline according to the pressure change of the pipeline, the hydrogen in the pipeline is discharged through the control valve under the cooperation of the electromagnetic valve and the control valve, and the liquid water in the pipeline returns to the normal pressure water tank.
Preferably, the control valve is of a non-closed structure, a spring is arranged in the valve, and when the pipeline pressure between the electromagnetic valve and the control valve does not exceed a preset threshold value, the spring enables the control valve to be in an open position, and liquid water in the pipeline flows into the normal pressure water tank; when the pipeline liquid water is drained and high-pressure hydrogen flows in, the electromagnetic valve is switched to a cut-off state, when the pipeline pressure suddenly changes, the spring enables the control valve to be in a cut-off position, hydrogen in the pipeline is discharged to the outside through the control valve, and when the pipeline pressure returns to be within a preset threshold value, the spring enables the control valve to be re-opened.
Preferably, the electromagnetic valve marks the on-off state through a bench test, when the liquid level in the hydrogen-water separator reaches a preset height, the electromagnetic valve is opened, and the opening time exceeds the time required for draining the liquid water in the hydrogen-water separator; the turn-off time set by the electromagnetic valve meets the conditions that the pipeline hydrogen is completely discharged between the electromagnetic valve and the control valve and the liquid level in the hydrogen-water separator does not reach the preset height.
Preferably, the hydrogen-water separator comprises a stainless steel tank body and a drip catcher made of porous materials in the interior, the hydrogen-water mixed fluid enters the tank body and then passes through the drip catcher, water vapor is condensed on the surface of the drip catcher to form liquid water, the liquid water is deposited to the bottom of the hydrogen-water separator through self gravity, and the hydrogen is discharged through an outlet pipeline of the hydrogen-water separator after passing through the drip catcher.
Preferably, the normal pressure water tank injects water into the electrolytic tank through a circulating water pump, and a deionized purifier is arranged on the pipeline to reduce the conductivity of water flow in the pipeline.
Preferably, the normal pressure water tank performs oxygen-gas separation on the inflowing oxygen and the water which is not electrolyzed, and the water is returned to the water electrolysis tank again.
Preferably, the water electrolysis cell performs an electrolysis reaction of water, oxygen and hydrogen ions are generated on the anode side, the hydrogen ions move to the cathode side through the electrolyte membrane, and hydrogen gas is obtained by combining electrons on the cathode side.
A gas-water separation method of water discharge and gas resistance for a high-pressure water electrolysis system comprises the following steps:
starting the water electrolyzer, applying voltage to the water electrolyzer by a direct-current power supply, and simultaneously enabling liquid water in the normal-pressure water tank to flow into the water electrolyzer, wherein oxygen is generated on the anode side of the water electrolyzer, and hydrogen is generated on the cathode side of the water electrolyzer;
the mixed fluid of oxygen and water enters into a normal pressure water tank, and after oxygen-liquid separation, liquid water reenters into a water electrolysis tank under the action of a circulating water pump;
hydrogen, liquid water and steam enter a hydrogen-water separator, the liquid water is separated from the hydrogen and then stored in the hydrogen-water separator, and dry hydrogen is led out and then collected;
the initial state of the electromagnetic valve is a closed state, when the liquid level in the hydrogen-water separator reaches a set value, the electromagnetic valve is opened, liquid water enters the control valve, the control valve is in an open position under the action of the spring, and the liquid water flows into the normal pressure water tank through the control valve;
after the liquid water in the hydrogen-water separator is discharged, high-pressure hydrogen enters the control valve through the electromagnetic valve, the electromagnetic valve is converted into a cut-off state, the pressure in a pipeline between the electromagnetic valve and the control valve is suddenly changed, a spring of the control valve is moved, and the control valve is positioned at a cut-off position; the high-pressure hydrogen in the pipeline is slowly discharged to the outside through a control valve gap; when the gas pressure in the pipeline and the control valve returns to the normal value, the control valve moves to the open state again under the action of the spring; when the liquid level in the hydrogen-water separator reaches the set value again, the electromagnetic valve is opened, and the operation is repeated.
Preferably, hydrogen, liquid water and water vapor enter the hydrogen-water separator, the water vapor can be condensed on the surface of the drip catcher to form liquid water, the liquid water is deposited to the bottom of the hydrogen-water separator through self gravity, and the hydrogen is led out through an outlet pipeline of the hydrogen-water separator after passing through the drip catcher.
Preferably, in the process that the liquid water flows to the water electrolysis tank under the action of the circulating water pump, deionized purification treatment is carried out, so that the conductivity of the liquid water is reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) The invention realizes the automatic recovery of high-pressure hydrogen gas-water separation and water, controls the discharge amount of hydrogen, reduces the hydrogen waste, simultaneously avoids the direct contact of oxyhydrogen, improves the waste and the safety problem caused by uncontrolled discharge of hydrogen when the high-pressure water electrolysis system performs gas-water separation on the hydrogen side, and radically eliminates the potential safety hazard.
(2) The invention avoids the severe pressure fluctuation in the hydrogen-water separator caused by the exhaust through the controlled discharge of the high-pressure hydrogen, realizes the stable pressure change in the whole electrolysis process, and improves the performance and the safety of the high-pressure water electrolysis system.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the figures. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for realizing water and gas drainage resistance for a high-pressure water electrolysis system according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the solenoid valve according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
The invention provides a water-discharging gas-blocking gas-water separation device for a high-pressure water electrolysis system, which is used for effectively removing liquid water in hydrogen generated by electrolysis and automatically recycling the liquid water, and can prevent the hydrogen from leaking to a normal-pressure water tank, so that the problem of safety caused by excessive pressure fluctuation of a gas-water separator and a pipeline and hydrogen-oxygen contact due to uncontrolled discharge of the hydrogen in the conventional water electrolysis system is solved, and the functions of hydrogen water separation and water permeation gas blocking are simultaneously realized on the premise of meeting the requirement of safe operation of a water electrolyzer.
The gas-water separation device comprises a water electrolytic tank 10, a hydrogen water separator 11, an electromagnetic valve 12, a control valve 13, an atmospheric water tank 14, a circulating water pump 15 and a deionized water purifier 16.
The water electrolyzer 10 obtains oxygen and high-pressure hydrogen by electrolyzing pure water under the action of an external DC power supply 00.
The anode end of the water electrolyzer 10 is connected to an oxygen-water piping 300 for discharging oxygen and circulating water generated in the electrolyzer 10, and the other end of the oxygen-water piping 300 is connected to an atmospheric water tank 14 for recovering the oxygen and liquid water and storing the water, wherein the atmospheric water tank 14 is used for storing electrolysis water and hydrogen separation water. The outlet of the normal pressure water tank 14 is connected to the water injection port of the electrolytic cell 10 through a circulating water pipe 301, and the circulating water pipe 301 is provided with a circulating water pump 15 for supplying liquid water in the normal pressure water tank 14 to the electrolytic cell 10, and a deionized water purifier 16 for reducing the conductivity of the water.
The cathode end of the water electrolyzer 10 is connected to a high-pressure hydrogen pipe 200, and the high-pressure hydrogen generated in the electrolyzer 10 is led out, and the other end of the high-pressure hydrogen pipe 200 is connected to a hydrogen-water separator 11. The hydrogen-water separator 11 is used for separating liquid water and partial water vapor in high-pressure hydrogen, and consists of a stainless steel tank body and a drip catcher made of porous materials in the interior, a hydrogen-water mixed fluid enters the tank body through an inlet of the hydrogen-water separator and then passes through the drip catcher, the water vapor can condense on the surface of the drip catcher to form liquid water, the liquid water is deposited to the bottom of the hydrogen-water separator through self gravity, and the hydrogen is discharged through an outlet pipeline of the hydrogen-water separator after passing through the drip catcher. A dry hydrogen pipe 201 for collecting and further processing hydrogen gas not containing liquid water is provided at the upper part of the hydrogen-water separator 11; a hydrogen water pipe 400 for discharging a mixture of hydrogen gas and liquid water is provided below the hydrogen water separator 11. The electromagnetic valve 12 is connected with the other end of the hydrogen water piping 400, and controls the on-off of liquid water in the hydrogen water piping 400 by intermittent opening; the solenoid valve 12 is connected to the control valve 13 via a hydrogen separation water pipe 401, and a separation water recovery pipe 402 that communicates with the normal pressure water tank 14 to return the hydrogen liquid separation water to the normal pressure water tank 14 is provided at the output end of the control valve 13.
The control valve 13 is automatically cut off when sudden change of pressure occurs in the pipeline, and automatically returns to the opening position when the pressure in the pipeline is recovered to be normal. When the water is discharged and exhausted, the valve 13 can rapidly move to the cut-off position due to abrupt change of pressure, so that leakage of hydrogen is avoided.
The solenoid valve 12 is operated in an intermittently open mode, as shown in fig. 2. Through bench test, when guaranteeing that control valve 13 is in the off-position, solenoid valve 12 is also in the closed state, avoids the further leakage of upstream hydrogen. Because the control valve 13 does not have tightness, high-pressure hydrogen between the electromagnetic valve 12 and the control valve 13 can be slowly discharged to the external environment, and finally the balance with the external environment is achieved, at the moment, the spring of the control valve 13 drives the valve 13 to an opening position, the electromagnetic valve 12 is also in the opening position, and the system is restarted to enter a normal working mode until the next exhaust.
The method for carrying out gas-water separation by using the device is shown in fig. 1, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1) The water electrolyzer 10 is started, the direct current power supply 00 applies a voltage to the water electrolyzer 10, and the circulating water in the normal pressure water tank 14 is supplied to the water electrolyzer 10 through the circulating water pipe 301 by the circulating water pump 15. Under the action of the external direct current power supply 00, on one hand, oxygen is generated at the anode side of the water electrolysis tank 10, unreacted water exists, and on the other hand, hydrogen ions generated at the anode of the water electrolysis tank 10 can move to the cathode side through an electrolyte membrane, and hydrogen is obtained by combining electrons at the cathode side.
2) The mixed fluid of oxygen gas and water generated on the anode side enters the normal pressure water tank 14 through the oxygen-water pipe 300, and after the oxygen gas-liquid separation in the normal pressure water tank 14, the water passes through the circulating water pump 15, the deionized water purifier 16, and reenters the water electrolyzer 10 through the circulating water pipe 301.
3) The hydrogen gas generated at the cathode side enters the hydrogen-water separator 11 through the high-pressure hydrogen pipe 200, liquid water carried in the hydrogen gas is separated from the hydrogen gas, and the separated liquid water is stored in the hydrogen-water separator 11 and the hydrogen-water pipe 400, and dry hydrogen gas is introduced into the dry hydrogen pipe 201.
4) The switching state of the electromagnetic valve 12 is calibrated through a bench test, and the opening period is ensured to be long enough to drain the liquid water in the hydrogen-water separator. When the liquid level WS in the hydrogen-water separator 11 reaches a set value, the solenoid valve 12 is controlled to be opened, and the mixture of hydrogen gas and water passes through the hydrogen water pipe 400 and the hydrogen separation water pipe 401 to enter the control valve 13.
5) The control valve 13 is in an open position under the action of a spring, and liquid water automatically enters the normal pressure water tank 14 through the control valve 13 and the separated water recovery pipe 402 under the action of high pressure, so that the purpose of automatic recovery and circulation of water is achieved.
6) When the water in the hydrogen-water separator 11 and the hydrogen-water piping 400 is discharged, the high-pressure hydrogen gas enters the control valve 13 through the hydrogen-water piping 400, the hydrogen-separated-water piping 401, and the electromagnetic valve 12, and at this time, the spring of the control valve 13 is moved by the abrupt change in pressure in the hydrogen-separated-water piping 401, and at this time, the control valve 13 is at the shut-off position, thereby preventing the high-pressure hydrogen gas from being discharged further into the normal-pressure water tank 14 through the separated-water recovery piping 402.
7) The opening time of the electromagnetic valve 12 is calibrated, so that the electromagnetic valve 12 is closed soon after the control valve 13 is closed, the opening time is enough to empty liquid water in the hydrogen-water separator, and the phenomenon that the liquid water accumulates again in a large area after the control valve 13 is closed to influence the opening of the next valve is avoided. After the water level reaches WS line, solenoid valve 12 is opened.
The closing time of the solenoid valve 12 is calibrated through bench test, the closing section is ensured to be enough to release the air pressure between the solenoid valves 12 and 13, the solenoid valve 13 is enabled to return to the open state, and the hydrogen-water separator 11 is not fully filled. At this time, the control solenoid valve 12 is also in a shut-off state, and high-pressure hydrogen gas is prevented from leaking downstream through the hydrogen water pipe 400 and the solenoid valve 12 and further through the hydrogen separation water pipe 401.
8) The high-pressure hydrogen gas in the control hydrogen separation water piping 401 and the control valve 13 is slowly discharged to the external environment through the hydrogen gas discharge port 202. After the gas pressure in the hydrogen separation water pipe 401 and the control valve 13 returns to normal values, the control valve 13 is moved again to the open position by the spring.
9) When the liquid level WS in the hydrogen-water separator 11 reaches the set value again, the steps 4-8 are repeated. Therefore, the water contained in the high-pressure hydrogen can be separated, automatic recycling is realized, meanwhile, the discharge of the high-pressure hydrogen into the normal-pressure water tank is avoided, the effect of only discharging water and not exhausting is achieved, the performance of the water electrolysis system can be improved, and the safety and reliability are improved.
The invention improves the waste and safety problems caused by uncontrolled discharge of hydrogen in the gas-water separation process of the hydrogen side of the high-pressure water electrolysis system, can effectively discharge and automatically recover the hydrogen separation water, and avoids direct contact of hydrogen and oxygen in the water tank while generating hydrogen without waste. Because the hydrogen is discharged in a controlled way, excessive fluctuation in the system pressure can be avoided, and the performance and the safety of the high-pressure water electrolysis system are improved.
The above examples are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and ordinary changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The gas-water separation device for discharging water and blocking gas for the high-pressure water electrolysis system comprises a water electrolysis tank, a normal-pressure water tank and a circulating water pump, and is characterized in that the cathode end of the water electrolysis tank is connected with a hydrogen-water separator, and the output end of the hydrogen-water separator is sequentially connected with an electromagnetic valve, a control valve and the normal-pressure water tank through pipelines;
the anode end of the water electrolysis tank discharges oxygen and water which is not electrolyzed into an ordinary pressure water tank, and the ordinary pressure water tank injects water into the electrolysis tank through a circulating water pump; the cathode end of the water electrolysis cell discharges hydrogen and water into a hydrogen-water separator;
the hydrogen water separator separates water in the hydrogen from the hydrogen, the separated hydrogen is collected, the residual water and the hydrogen which are not separated are discharged out of the hydrogen water separator through the pipeline, the electromagnetic valve is opened intermittently to control the on-off of the pipeline, the control valve controls the on-off of the pipeline according to the pressure change of the pipeline, the hydrogen in the pipeline is discharged through the control valve under the cooperation of the electromagnetic valve and the control valve, and the liquid water in the pipeline returns to the normal pressure water tank.
2. The gas-water separation device of the water discharge and gas resistance for the high-pressure water electrolysis system according to claim 1, wherein the control valve is of a non-closed structure, a spring is arranged in the valve, when the pipeline pressure between the electromagnetic valve and the control valve does not exceed a preset threshold value, the spring enables the control valve to be in an open position, and liquid water in the pipeline flows into the normal-pressure water tank; when the pipeline liquid water is drained and high-pressure hydrogen flows in, the electromagnetic valve is switched to a cut-off state, when the pipeline pressure suddenly changes, the spring enables the control valve to be in a cut-off position, hydrogen in the pipeline is discharged to the outside through the control valve, and when the pipeline pressure returns to be within a preset threshold value, the spring enables the control valve to be re-opened.
3. The gas-water separation device of the drainage gas barrier for the high-pressure water electrolysis system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the electromagnetic valve is calibrated in a switch state through a bench test, when the liquid level in the hydrogen-water separator reaches a preset height, the electromagnetic valve is opened, and the opening time exceeds the time required for draining the liquid water in the hydrogen-water separator; the turn-off time set by the electromagnetic valve meets the conditions that the pipeline hydrogen is completely discharged between the electromagnetic valve and the control valve and the liquid level in the hydrogen-water separator does not reach the preset height.
4. The gas-water separator of the water drainage and gas resistance for the high-pressure water electrolysis system according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen-water separator comprises a stainless steel tank body and a drip catcher made of porous materials in the interior, the mixed fluid of hydrogen and water enters the tank body and then passes through the drip catcher, water vapor is condensed on the surface of the drip catcher to form liquid water, the liquid water is deposited to the bottom of the hydrogen-water separator through self gravity, and the hydrogen is discharged through an outlet pipeline of the hydrogen-water separator after passing through the drip catcher.
5. The gas-water separation device of the water discharge and gas resistance for the high-pressure water electrolysis system according to claim 1, wherein the normal-pressure water tank injects water into the electrolysis tank through a circulating water pump, and a deionized purifier is arranged on the pipeline to reduce the conductivity of water flow in the pipeline.
6. The gas-water separator of the high-pressure water electrolysis system according to claim 1, wherein the normal-pressure water tank separates the inflow oxygen from the non-electrolyzed water, and the water is returned to the water electrolyzer.
7. The gas-water separator of claim 1, wherein the water electrolyzer performs an electrolysis reaction to generate oxygen and hydrogen ions on the anode side, the hydrogen ions move to the cathode side through the electrolyte membrane, and hydrogen gas is obtained by combining electrons on the cathode side.
8. A gas-water separation method of water discharge and gas resistance for a high-pressure water electrolysis system, comprising the steps of:
starting the water electrolyzer, applying voltage to the water electrolyzer by a direct-current power supply, and simultaneously enabling liquid water in the normal-pressure water tank to flow into the water electrolyzer, wherein oxygen is generated on the anode side of the water electrolyzer, and hydrogen is generated on the cathode side of the water electrolyzer;
the mixed fluid of oxygen and water enters into a normal pressure water tank, and after oxygen-liquid separation, liquid water reenters into a water electrolysis tank under the action of a circulating water pump;
hydrogen, liquid water and steam enter a hydrogen-water separator, the liquid water is separated from the hydrogen and then stored in the hydrogen-water separator, and dry hydrogen is led out and then collected;
the initial state of the electromagnetic valve is a closed state, when the liquid level in the hydrogen-water separator reaches a set value, the electromagnetic valve is opened, liquid water enters the control valve, the control valve is in an open position under the action of the spring, and the liquid water flows into the normal pressure water tank through the control valve;
after the liquid water in the hydrogen-water separator is discharged, high-pressure hydrogen enters the control valve through the electromagnetic valve, the electromagnetic valve is converted into a cut-off state, the pressure in a pipeline between the electromagnetic valve and the control valve is suddenly changed, a spring of the control valve is moved, and the control valve is positioned at a cut-off position; the high-pressure hydrogen in the pipeline is slowly discharged to the outside through a control valve gap; when the gas pressure in the pipeline and the control valve returns to the normal value, the control valve moves to the open state again under the action of the spring; when the liquid level in the hydrogen-water separator reaches the set value again, the electromagnetic valve is opened, and the operation is repeated.
9. The gas-water separation method of water discharge and gas resistance for high pressure water electrolysis system according to claim 8, wherein hydrogen, liquid water and water vapor enter the hydrogen-water separator, the water vapor is condensed on the surface of the drip catcher to form liquid water, the liquid water is deposited to the bottom of the hydrogen-water separator by self gravity, and the hydrogen is led out through an outlet pipeline of the hydrogen-water separator after passing through the drip catcher.
10. The gas-water separation method of water discharge and gas barrier for high pressure water electrolysis system according to claim 8, wherein the deionized purification treatment is performed to reduce the conductivity of the liquid water in the process that the liquid water flows to the water electrolysis tank under the action of the circulating water pump.
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| CN202311120212.9A CN117328104A (en) | 2023-08-31 | 2023-08-31 | Gas-water separation device for draining and blocking gas for high-pressure water electrolysis system and implementation method |
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| CN202311120212.9A CN117328104A (en) | 2023-08-31 | 2023-08-31 | Gas-water separation device for draining and blocking gas for high-pressure water electrolysis system and implementation method |
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