CN117326435B - Staircase fault diagnosis method and diagnosis system - Google Patents
Staircase fault diagnosis method and diagnosis system Download PDFInfo
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- CN117326435B CN117326435B CN202311625503.3A CN202311625503A CN117326435B CN 117326435 B CN117326435 B CN 117326435B CN 202311625503 A CN202311625503 A CN 202311625503A CN 117326435 B CN117326435 B CN 117326435B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 61
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- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 28
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 24
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- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
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- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B29/00—Safety devices of escalators or moving walkways
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B27/00—Indicating operating conditions of escalators or moving walkways
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B50/00—Energy efficient technologies in elevators, escalators and moving walkways, e.g. energy saving or recuperation technologies
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Abstract
The invention relates to a staircase fault diagnosis method and a staircase fault diagnosis system, and relates to the technical field of escalator, wherein the staircase fault diagnosis method comprises the steps of no-load detection, bearing vibration amplitude confidence analysis in no-load, bearing corresponding shaft torque analysis in no-load, relation coefficient determination, relation curve determination, alarm judgment, alarm and the like; the escalator fault diagnosis system comprises a detection module, a processing module, a storage module, an alarm module and the like. The invention can automatically monitor faults of the old escalator and improve the accuracy of monitoring.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of escalator, in particular to an escalator fault diagnosis method and system.
Background
The escalator is a fixed electric driving device which is formed by combining a chain conveyor with a special structure and two rubber belt conveyors with special structures and is used for conveying passengers upwards or downwards in different floors of a building in an inclined mode. The escalator has the advantages of continuous conveying and high efficiency, so that the escalator is commonly used in stations and markets with large people flow. As the escalator is in a heavy-load working state for a long time, if the supervision of the escalator can not feed back fault information in time, accidents of the escalator are easy to occur, and serious life and property losses are caused.
At present, a part of the escalator has incorporated an escalator monitoring system, and the escalator monitoring system can monitor the escalator, and the steps of monitoring are approximately as follows:
s1, detection: testing the escalator when the installation of the escalator is completed so as to obtain the load value of the escalator and the vibration amplitude of each bearing;
s2, calculating a fitting curve: fitting curves corresponding to the bearings are made through the load values and the vibration amplitudes of the bearings;
s3, setting an alarm curve: setting alarm curves of corresponding bearing vibration amplitudes according to each fitting curve;
s4, monitoring: and monitoring the running escalator, and if the vibration amplitude of a certain bearing exceeds a corresponding alarm curve, proving that the bearing has a fault, and stopping and maintaining the escalator in time.
This part of the escalator may be referred to as an escalator. The monitoring mode needs to test the newly installed escalator to ensure that the escalator is in a fault-free state during testing, and further the set alarm curve is more accurate.
However, the old escalator cannot be directly incorporated into an escalator monitoring system at present, because the old escalator does not have the automatic monitoring capability, the escalator is periodically checked by means of a manual mode, and whether the escalator has faults or not is judged by experience of a detector, so that whether the old escalator has invisible faults or not is unknown.
If the escalator monitoring system is directly applied to the old escalator, if the bearing of the old escalator has faults, in the step S1, the vibration amplitude of each measured bearing is higher; in the step of setting the alarm curve in S3, the set alarm curve is higher than the actual alarm curve; in the step S4, the time for alarming is later than the time of the fault of the escalator, so that the risk is buried for the operation of the escalator.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to intelligently monitor an old escalator and improve the accuracy of monitoring, the invention provides an escalator fault diagnosis method and an escalator fault diagnosis system.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for diagnosing a fault of an escalator, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a fault diagnosis method for an escalator comprises the following steps:
and (3) no-load detection: detecting a drive motor and each bearing of the no-load escalator, and further obtaining the output torque M of the drive motor when the escalator is no-load M Output rotation speed n of drive motor M Vibration amplitude a of bearing i t Rotational speed n of bearing i I is the serial number of the bearing, and t is the detection time;
bearing vibration amplitude confidence analysis at no load: according to the rotation speed n of the bearing when the escalator is unloaded i Vibration amplitude a i t Calculating a credible value A of bearing vibration amplitude when the escalator is unloaded iZ Trusted value A of bearing vibration amplitude in no-load iZ The calculation model of (2) is as follows:
；
wherein A is i Tj For the vibration amplitude interval, k, in the j-th rotation period of the i-th bearing i The number of turns of the ith bearing in the detection process is the number of turns of the ith bearing in the detection process; a is that i Tj The calculation model of (2) is as follows:
；
and (3) analyzing the torque of the corresponding shaft of the bearing in idle load: according to the output torque M of the drive motor when the escalator is empty M Output rotation speed n of drive motor M Rotation speed n of ith bearing i Calculating the torque M of the shaft corresponding to the ith bearing when the escalator is unloaded i ，M i The calculation model of (2) is as follows:
；
determining a relation coefficient: determining a plausible value A of the vibration amplitude at no load iZ Torque to shaft M i Relation coefficient lambda of (2) i Relation coefficient lambda i The calculation model of (2) is as follows:
；
determining a relation curve: setting an alarm relation coefficient C, wherein the alarm relation coefficient C is larger than 1, and determining an alarm relation curve f (a) according to the alarm relation coefficient C, wherein the alarm relation curve f (a) has the following formula:
；
wherein M is i S The real-time torque of the shaft corresponding to the ith bearing,
M i S the calculation model of (2) is as follows:
；
wherein: m is M M S For driving the real-time torque of the motor, n M S For driving the real-time rotation speed of the motor, n i S The real-time rotating speed of the ith bearing is set;
and (3) alarm judgment: if under a certain load, the vibration amplitude a of the bearing i S If the alarm relation curve f (a) is larger than the alarm relation curve f (a), executing an alarm step;
and (3) alarming: and sending out an alarm and stopping the operation of the escalator.
Due to the fact that various parameters of the old escalator possibly cannot be obtained when the old escalator is reformed, by adopting the technical scheme, when the old escalator is reformed, the old escalator is detected first, and then the vibration amplitude a of the bearing when the escalator is unloaded is obtained i t Because the bearing may have hidden faults, the vibration amplitude of the bearing is inevitably larger than that of the brand-new bearing; when the bearing has faults, the vibration amplitude of the bearing can be periodically obtained, so that the minimum value of the vibration amplitude is taken in each rotation period of the bearing as a reference basis, and then the credible value A of the vibration amplitude of the bearing in the empty load is calculated iZ Then according to the credible value A of the vibration amplitude of the bearing in no-load iZ Determining a relation curve between vibration amplitude and load, and holdingThe total load of the ladder is reflected on the output torque of the driving motor and the output rotating speed of the driving motor, and the ladder is carried out at a constant speed, so that the vibration amplitude and the torque M of the shaft can be determined i Relation coefficient lambda of (2) i And according to the relation coefficient lambda i And the set alarm relation coefficient C determines an alarm relation curve f (a), and then determines whether the bearing fails according to the real-time torque of the shaft where the bearing is positioned and the real-time vibration amplitude of the bearing, so that the old escalator can be automatically monitored for faults, and the monitoring accuracy is improved.
Optionally, a step of obtaining transmission efficiency is further provided between the step of analyzing the confidence of the vibration amplitude of the bearing in no-load and the step of analyzing the torque of the corresponding shaft of the bearing in no-load:
obtaining transmission efficiency: according to the transmission mode of the escalator, the transmission efficiency eta between transmission shafts in the escalator is obtained;
in the step of analyzing the torque of the shaft corresponding to the bearing in no-load state, the torque M of the shaft corresponding to the i-th bearing in no-load state of the escalator is calculated according to the transmission efficiency eta i ；
M i The calculation model of (c) is modified as follows:
；
wherein eta is i M The total transmission efficiency between the shaft corresponding to the ith bearing and the output shaft of the driving motor; η (eta) i M The calculation model of (2) is as follows:
；
in the step of determining the alarm relationship, M i S The calculation model of (c) is modified as follows:
。
by the technical scheme, the torque of the shaft corresponding to the bearing is analyzedWhen the torque of the shaft is obtained, the torque is more accurate by analyzing the transmission efficiency; since the amplitude of vibration of the bearing is related to the torque of the shaft, a coefficient of relationship lambda is calculated i The method is more accurate, and the set relation curve f (a) is more accurate, so that the probability that the bearing fails but cannot give an alarm is reduced.
Optionally, in the step of alarming relation curve, an alarming relation coefficient C is also set ’ Warning relation coefficient C ’ Is more than 1 and less than the alarm relation coefficient C and according to the alarm relation coefficient C ’ Determining a warning relation f ’ (a) Warning relation curve f ’ (a) The formula is as follows:
；
in the alarm judging step, if under a certain load, the vibration amplitude a of the bearing i S Is greater than the warning relation curve f ’ (a) And when the vibration amplitude is smaller than or equal to the alarm relation curve f (a), the vibration amplitude a of the bearing is also reduced i S Is greater than the warning relation curve f ’ (a) And judging the frequency smaller than or equal to the alarm relation curve f (a); if the vibration amplitude a of the bearing is within a unit time i S Is greater than the warning relation curve f ’ (a) And the number of times smaller than or equal to the alarm relation curve f (a) is larger than or equal to a first threshold value, and executing an alarm step.
In the process of the escalator running, the vibration amplitude of the bearing is not increased instantly, when the vibration amplitude of the bearing is increased to a certain degree and continuously occurs, the bearing is proved to be close to the fault, by adopting the technical scheme, when the vibration amplitude a of the bearing is increased i S Frequent greater than warning relationship curve f ’ (a) And when the alarm relation curve f (a) is smaller than or equal to the alarm relation curve f (a), the bearing is judged to be in fault, so that the probability of injury to passengers caused by the fault of the bearing is reduced.
Optionally, in the alarming step, the serial number of the fault bearing is also reported.
By adopting the technical scheme, maintenance personnel can quickly find out the fault bearing according to the fault bearing serial number reported in the alarming step, so that the time consumed by the maintenance personnel for maintaining the escalator is shortened, and the maintenance efficiency is improved.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a system for diagnosing faults of an escalator, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a fault diagnosis system for an escalator comprises
And a detection module: the device comprises a torque sensor, a plurality of rotating speed sensors and acceleration sensors, wherein the number of the acceleration sensors is the same as that of the bearings; the torque sensors are arranged on the output shaft of the driving motor, one of the rotating speed sensors is arranged on the output shaft of the driving motor, the other rotating speed sensors are arranged on the transmission shaft of the escalator system in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the acceleration sensors are arranged on the bearings in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the processing module is used for: the input end is electrically connected with the output end of the detection module and is used for calculating the credible value A of the vibration amplitude of the bearing in no-load through the detection result measured by the detection module iZ Coefficient of relationship lambda i Further, an alarm relation curve f (a) and an alert relation curve f are calculated ’ (a) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And according to the alarm relation curve f (a) and the warning relation curve f ’ (a) Judging whether the escalator has faults or not;
and a storage module: the input end and the output end are both connected with the processing module through electrical signals and are used for storing information;
and an alarm module: the input end is connected with the output end of the processing module through an electric signal and is used for giving an alarm.
By adopting the technical scheme, in the initial stage, no-load detection is performed on the escalator, the torque of the driving motor is obtained through the torque sensor, the rotation speed of each transmission shaft is obtained through the rotation speed sensor, the acceleration of each bearing is obtained through the acceleration sensor, and the credible value A of the vibration amplitude of the bearing in the air load is calculated through the processing module iZ Coefficient of relationship lambda i An alarm relationship f (a) and an alert relationship f ’ (a) A. The invention relates to a method for producing a fibre-reinforced plastic composite Then the escalator starts to run and is inspectedThe detection module monitors the escalator in real time, and the processing module can judge whether the vibration amplitude of the bearing exceeds the alarm relation curve f (a) and the warning relation curve f ’ (a) And judging whether an alarm needs to be sent out, and if so, sending out the alarm by the alarm module to prompt maintenance personnel that the escalator has a fault and needs to be maintained in time.
Optionally, the device also comprises a selection module,
the storage module is also provided with a database, and the database is recorded with transmission mode information and transmission efficiency information corresponding to the transmission mode;
and a selection module: the input end is connected with the output end of the storage module, the output end is connected with the input end of the processing module through an electric signal, and the input end is used for selecting the transmission mode recorded in the storage module and outputting the transmission efficiency corresponding to the transmission mode to the processing module.
By adopting the technical scheme, before no-load detection is carried out on the escalator, the transmission efficiency is firstly called in the database according to the transmission mode among the transmission shafts, and the corresponding transmission efficiency is input into the processing module, so that the relation coefficient lambda is calculated i An alarm relationship f (a) and an alert relationship f ’ (a) And the monitoring is more accurate, and the accuracy of the monitoring is further improved.
Optionally, the device also comprises a display module,
and a display module: the input end is connected with the output of the processing module and used for displaying alarm information.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the staircase sent the warning, processing module alright carry the trouble information of staircase to display module in demonstration, and then be convenient for maintainer find trouble bearing fast, shortened the time that maintainer maintained the staircase and spent like this, improved maintenance efficiency.
Optionally, the system also comprises a control module,
and the control module is used for: the input end is electrically connected with the output end of the processing module, and the output end is electrically connected with the driving motor of the escalator.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the escalator gives an alarm, the control module can control the driving motor of the escalator to stop running, so that the running probability of the escalator in a fault state is reduced, and the safety is improved.
In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. through the steps of bearing vibration amplitude confidence analysis during no-load, bearing corresponding shaft torque analysis during no-load, relation coefficient determination and alarm relation curve determination, the escalator fault diagnosis method can be applied to an old escalator, further automatic fault monitoring is carried out on the old escalator, and monitoring accuracy is improved.
2. By obtaining the setting of the step of driving efficiency, the relation coefficient lambda is calculated i And the alarm relation coefficient C is more accurate, so that the monitoring accuracy is further improved, and the probability that the bearing fails but cannot give an alarm is reduced.
3. By setting a warning relation coefficient C ’ The setting of the step of judging the alarm and the setting of the step of judging the alarm, the alarm is sent out in time when the bearing is about to break down, and the probability of injury to passengers caused by the bearing break down is further reduced.
4. Through the setting of detection module and alarm module, can detect the analysis to old-fashioned staircase, still can monitor the diagnosis to old-fashioned staircase, and then judge whether the staircase has the trouble to reduce the probability that the staircase moved in the trouble, improved the security.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of example 1 of the present application;
fig. 2 is a system diagram of embodiment 2 of the present application.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below in connection with fig. 1-2.
Example 1: the embodiment discloses a staircase fault diagnosis method, referring to fig. 1, the staircase fault diagnosis method comprises the following steps:
s1: monitoring preparation: the old escalator is transformed, so that the old escalator has monitoring capability, and meanwhile, the old escalator is analyzed to formulate alarm logic.
S2: monitoring and diagnosing stage: the old escalator is monitored, and whether the escalator has faults or not is judged.
The step S1 of the monitoring preparation stage comprises a no-load detection step S1-1, a bearing vibration amplitude confidence analysis step S1-2 under no-load, a transmission efficiency acquisition step S1-3, a bearing corresponding shaft torque analysis step S1-4 under no-load, a relation coefficient determination step S1-5 and an alarm relation curve determination step S1-6.
S1-1: and (3) no-load detection: detecting a drive motor and each bearing of the no-load escalator, and further obtaining the output torque M of the drive motor when the escalator is no-load M Output rotation speed n of drive motor M Vibration amplitude a of bearing i t Rotational speed n of bearing i . Wherein i is the serial number of the bearing, and t is the detection time. Rotational speed n of bearing i The sensor can be used for directly detecting, if the cost is saved, the cost can be calculated according to the output rotating speed of the driving motor and the transmission ratio between the transmission shafts; the torque of each drive shaft can also be detected directly by a sensor, and if cost is saved, the torque can also be obtained according to the transmission ratio between the output torque of the drive motor and the drive shaft and the transmission efficiency.
S1-2: bearing vibration amplitude confidence analysis at no load: according to the rotation speed n of the bearing when the escalator is unloaded i Vibration amplitude a i t Calculating a credible value A of bearing vibration amplitude when the escalator is unloaded iZ Trusted value A of bearing vibration amplitude in no-load iZ The calculation model of (2) is as follows:
；
wherein A is i Tj For the vibration amplitude interval, k, in the j-th rotation period of the i-th bearing i The number of turns of the ith bearing in the detection process is the number of turns of the ith bearing in the detection process; a is that i Tj The calculation model of (2) is as follows:
；
k i the calculation model of (2) is as follows: k (k) i =n i * t is; and k is i Rounding down.
S1-3: obtaining transmission efficiency: according to the transmission mode of the escalator, the transmission efficiency eta between transmission shafts in the escalator is obtained;
s1-4: and (3) analyzing the torque of the corresponding shaft of the bearing in idle load: according to the output torque M of the drive motor when the escalator is empty M Output rotation speed n of drive motor M Rotation speed n of ith bearing i And the transmission efficiency eta between the transmission shafts calculates the torque M of the shaft corresponding to the ith bearing when the escalator is unloaded i ，M i The calculation model of (2) is as follows:
；
wherein eta is i M The total transmission efficiency between the shaft corresponding to the ith bearing and the output shaft of the driving motor; η (eta) i M The calculation model of (2) is as follows:
。
s1-5: determining a relation coefficient: determining a plausible value A of the vibration amplitude at no load iZ Torque to shaft M i Relation coefficient lambda of (2) i Relation coefficient lambda i The calculation model of (2) is as follows:
。
the vibration amplitude a of the bearing can be understood as the acceleration of the shaft, which is related to the radial force F exerted on the shaft ’ Positive correlation; radial force F exerted on the shaft ’ Is the component of the torque force F exerted on the shaft, i.e. the radial force F exerted on the shaft ’ Positive correlation of the torsion force F applied to the shaft; the torque force F experienced by the shaft is positively correlated with the torque M of the shaft. Therefore, the correlation coefficient can be integrated into the relation coefficient lambda i 。
S1-6: determining a relation curve: comprises a step S1-6-1 of setting an alarm relation curve and a step S1-6-2 of setting an alarm relation curve.
S1-6-1: setting an alarm relation curve: setting an alarm relation coefficient C, wherein the alarm relation coefficient C is larger than 1, and determining an alarm relation curve f (a) according to the alarm relation coefficient C and the relation coefficient lambdaj, wherein the alarm relation curve f (a) has the following formula:
；
wherein M is i S The real-time torque of the shaft corresponding to the ith bearing,
M i S the calculation model of (2) is as follows:
；
wherein: m is M M S For driving the real-time torque of the motor, n M S For driving the real-time rotation speed of the motor, n i S Is the real-time rotational speed of the ith bearing.
S1-6-2: setting an alert relation curve: setting a warning relation coefficient C ’ Warning relation coefficient C ’ Is more than 1 and less than the alarm relation coefficient C and according to the alarm relation coefficient C ’ Relation coefficient lambda i Determining a warning relation f ’ (a) Warning relation curve f ’ (a) The formula is as follows:
。
the monitoring and diagnosing stage step S2 includes an alarm judging step S2-1 and an alarm step S2-2.
S2-1: and (3) alarm judgment: comprises a direct alarm judging step S2-1-1 and an observation alarm judging step S2-1-2.
S2-1-1: and (3) direct alarm judgment: if under a certain load, the vibration amplitude a of the bearing i S And if the alarm relation curve f (a) is larger than the alarm relation curve f (a), executing an alarm step S2-2.
S2-1-2: and (3) observation, alarm and judgment: if under a certain load, the vibration amplitude a of the bearing i S Is greater than the warning relation curve f ’ (a) And when the vibration amplitude is smaller than or equal to the alarm relation curve f (a), the vibration amplitude a of the bearing is also reduced i S Is greater than the warning relation curve f ’ (a) And judging the frequency smaller than or equal to the alarm relation curve f (a); if the vibration amplitude a of the bearing is within a unit time i S Is greater than the warning relation curve f ’ (a) And the number of times smaller than or equal to the alarm relation curve f (a) is larger than or equal to a first threshold value, and executing an alarm step.
S2-2: and (3) alarming: and sending out an alarm, reporting the serial number of the fault bearing, and stopping the operation of the escalator.
The implementation principle of the escalator fault diagnosis method in the embodiment is as follows:
firstly, modifying and detecting an old escalator; during detection, the reliability judgment is firstly carried out on the vibration amplitude of the bearing in the idle load state so as to ensure that the vibration amplitude of the adopted bearing is not the vibration amplitude in the bearing fault state, thereby ensuring the reliability value A of the vibration amplitude in the idle load state iZ Torque to shaft M i Relation coefficient lambda of (2) i Accuracy of (2); then according to the transmission efficiency of the transmission mode of the escalator, the relation coefficient lambda is compared with the transmission efficiency of the transmission mode of the escalator i Further correction is performed to make the relation coefficient lambda i More accurate and finally according to the relation coefficient lambda i An alarm relationship coefficient C and an alarm relationship coefficient C ’ Determining an alarm relationship f (a) and an alert relationship f ’ （a）。
Then monitoring and diagnosing the old escalator; during monitoring, if under a certain load, the vibration amplitude a of the bearing i S If the alarm relation curve f (a) is larger than the alarm relation curve f (a), the alarm is directly sent out, and then maintenance personnel is reminded of faults of the escalator; if under a certain load, the vibration amplitude a of the bearing i S Is greater than the warning relation curve f ’ (a) And when the alarm relation curve f (a) is smaller than or equal to the alarm relation curve f (a), the alarm relationVibration amplitude a of bearing i S Is greater than the warning relation curve f ’ (a) And judging the frequency smaller than or equal to the alarm relation curve f (a); if the vibration amplitude a of the bearing is within a unit time i S Is greater than the warning relation curve f ’ (a) And the times smaller than or equal to the alarm relation curve f (a) are larger than or equal to a first threshold value, an alarm is sent out, and then maintenance personnel are reminded of the impending failure of the escalator.
Example 2: the present embodiment discloses a staircase fault diagnosis system, referring to fig. 2, the staircase fault diagnosis system includes:
and a detection module: the device comprises a torque sensor, a plurality of rotating speed sensors and acceleration sensors, wherein the number of the acceleration sensors is the same as that of the bearings; the torque sensor is arranged on the output shaft of the driving motor and used for detecting the real-time torque M of the driving motor M S One of the rotation speed sensors is arranged on the output shaft of the driving motor and used for detecting the real-time rotation speed n of the driving motor M S The other rotating speed sensors are arranged on the transmission shafts of the escalator system in a one-to-one correspondence manner and are used for detecting the rotating speed of each transmission shaft so as to obtain the real-time rotating speed n of the bearing corresponding to the transmission shaft i S The acceleration sensors are arranged on the bearings in a one-to-one correspondence manner and are used for detecting real-time vibration amplitude a of each bearing i S The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The acceleration of the bearing is the vibration amplitude of the bearing. The output ends of the torque sensor, the rotating speed sensor and the acceleration sensor are all connected with the input end of the processing module through electric signals.
And a storage module: a database is arranged, and the database is used for storing the transmission efficiency eta, the alarm relation coefficient C and the alarm relation coefficient C corresponding to the transmission mode ’ A first threshold. The output end of the storage module is electrically connected with the input end of the processing module, so that the processing module can directly call the alarm relation coefficient C and the warning relation coefficient C in the storage module ’ A first threshold; the input end of the storage module is electrically connected with the output end of the processing module, so that the data processed by the processing module can be stored in the storage module.
The processing module is used for: in the monitoring preparation stage, the reliable value A for the vibration amplitude of the bearing in no-load state is calculated according to the detection result measured by the detection module iZ Coefficient of relationship lambda i Further, an alarm relation curve f (a) and an alert relation curve f are calculated ’ （a）；
In the monitoring and diagnosis stage, the real-time torque of each transmission shaft is calculated, and the real-time vibration amplitude a of the bearing is calculated i S With alarm relationship curve f (a) and alarm relationship curve f ’ (a) And comparing to judge whether the escalator has faults or not.
And a selection module: the input end is connected with the output end of the storage module, the output end is connected with the input end of the processing module through an electric signal, the storage module is selected according to the transmission mode of the escalator system, and the transmission efficiency corresponding to the transmission mode is output to the processing module.
And an alarm module: the input end is connected with the output end of the processing module through an electric signal and is used for giving an alarm.
And a display module: the input end is connected with the output of the processing module and used for displaying alarm information.
And the control module is used for: the input end is electrically connected with the output end of the processing module, and the output end is electrically connected with the driving motor of the escalator and used for controlling the driving motor to stop running.
The implementation principle of the escalator fault diagnosis system of the embodiment is as follows:
in the monitoring preparation stage, the escalator is in an idle state, and the real-time torque M of the driving motor detected by the torque sensor is detected M S Output torque M of driving motor when escalator is unloaded M Real-time rotation speed n of driving motor detected by rotation speed sensor on output shaft of driving motor M S For the output speed n of the drive motor when the escalator is empty M Real-time rotational speed n of each bearing detected by the remaining rotational speed sensors i S The rotation speed n of the bearing when the escalator is unloaded i The acceleration sensor detects the real-time vibration amplitude a of each bearing i S Vibration amplitude a of bearing when no-load is carried out on escalator i t . Since the escalator is empty, the output torque M of the driving motor M Real-time rotation speed n of driving motor M S Real-time rotational speed n of each bearing i S Almost unchanged, and therefore can be considered as a constant value.
The processing module then processes the bearing according to the rotation speed n of the bearing when the escalator is empty i Vibration amplitude a i t Calculating a credible value A of bearing vibration amplitude when the escalator is unloaded iZ According to the output torque M of the drive motor when the escalator is empty M Output rotation speed n of drive motor M Rotation speed n of ith bearing i And the transmission efficiency eta between the transmission shafts calculates the torque M of the shaft corresponding to the ith bearing when the escalator is unloaded i Based on the trusted value A of vibration amplitude at no load iZ Torque to shaft M i Calculating a relationship coefficient lambda i The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Then according to the relation coefficient lambda i An alarm relationship coefficient C and an alarm relationship coefficient C ’ Determining an alarm relationship f (a) and an alert relationship f ’ （a）。
In the monitoring and diagnosis stage, the torque sensor is used for detecting the real-time torque M of the driving motor M S The rotation speed sensor arranged on the output shaft of the driving motor is used for detecting the real-time rotation speed n of the driving motor M S The remaining rotational speed sensors are used to detect the real-time rotational speeds n of the individual bearings i S The acceleration sensor is used for detecting the real-time vibration amplitude a of each bearing i S . The processing module is used for processing the real-time torque M according to the driving motor M S Real-time vibration amplitude a of each bearing i S Judging real-time vibration amplitude a of bearing i S Whether the alarm relationship f (a) and the warning relationship f are exceeded ’ （a）。
If the real-time vibration amplitude a of the bearing i S If the alarm relation curve f (a) is larger than the alarm relation curve f (a), the processing module box alarm module, the display module and the control module send out signals, and the alarm module gives out an alarm to prompt maintenance personnel that the escalator has faults; the display module displays alarm informationI.e. the number of the failed bearing) to facilitate maintenance personnel to quickly find the failure point of the escalator; the control module controls the driving motor to stop running so as to reduce the probability of passengers being injured when the escalator runs in a fault state.
If the vibration amplitude a of the bearing i S Is greater than the warning relation curve f ’ (a) And when the vibration amplitude is smaller than or equal to the alarm relation curve f (a), the vibration amplitude a of the bearing is also reduced i S Is greater than the warning relation curve f ’ (a) And judging the frequency smaller than or equal to the alarm relation curve f (a); if the vibration amplitude a of the bearing is within a unit time i S Is greater than the warning relation curve f ’ (a) And the times of the alarm relation curve f (a) being smaller than or equal to the first threshold value are larger than or equal to the first threshold value, and the processing module sends signals to the alarm module, the display module and the control module.
The above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, so: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of the invention should be covered in the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A fault diagnosis method for an escalator is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
and (3) no-load detection: detecting a drive motor and each bearing of the no-load escalator, and further obtaining the output torque M of the drive motor when the escalator is no-load M Output rotation speed n of drive motor M Vibration amplitude a of bearing i t Rotational speed n of bearing i I is the serial number of the bearing, and t is the detection time;
bearing vibration amplitude confidence analysis at no load: according to the rotation speed n of the bearing when the escalator is unloaded i Vibration amplitude a i t Calculating a credible value A of bearing vibration amplitude when the escalator is unloaded iZ Trusted value A of bearing vibration amplitude in no-load iZ The calculation model of (2) is as follows:
；
wherein A is i Tj For the vibration amplitude interval, k, in the j-th rotation period of the i-th bearing i The number of turns of the ith bearing in the detection process is the number of turns of the ith bearing in the detection process; a is that i Tj The calculation model of (2) is as follows:
；
and (3) analyzing the torque of the corresponding shaft of the bearing in idle load: according to the output torque M of the drive motor when the escalator is empty M Output rotation speed n of drive motor M Rotation speed n of ith bearing i Calculating the torque M of the shaft corresponding to the ith bearing when the escalator is unloaded i ，M i The calculation model of (2) is as follows:
；
determining a relation coefficient: determining a plausible value A of the vibration amplitude at no load iZ Torque to shaft M i Relation coefficient lambda of (2) i Relation coefficient lambda i The calculation model of (2) is as follows:
；
determining a relation curve: setting an alarm relation coefficient C, wherein the alarm relation coefficient C is larger than 1, and determining an alarm relation curve f (a) according to the alarm relation coefficient C, wherein the alarm relation curve f (a) has the following formula:
；
wherein M is i S The real-time torque of the shaft corresponding to the ith bearing,
M i S the calculation model of (2) is as follows:
；
wherein: m is M M S For driving the real-time torque of the motor, n M S For driving the real-time rotation speed of the motor, n i S The real-time rotating speed of the ith bearing is set;
and (3) alarm judgment: if under a certain load, the vibration amplitude a of the bearing i S If the alarm relation curve f (a) is larger than the alarm relation curve f (a), executing an alarm step;
and (3) alarming: and sending out an alarm and stopping the operation of the escalator.
2. The escalator fault diagnosis method according to claim 1, wherein: the method is characterized in that a step of acquiring transmission efficiency is further arranged between the step of analyzing the confidence coefficient of the vibration amplitude of the bearing during no-load and the step of analyzing the torque of the corresponding shaft of the bearing during no-load:
obtaining transmission efficiency: according to the transmission mode of the escalator, the transmission efficiency eta between transmission shafts in the escalator is obtained;
in the step of analyzing the torque of the shaft corresponding to the bearing in no-load state, the torque M of the shaft corresponding to the i-th bearing in no-load state of the escalator is calculated according to the transmission efficiency eta i ；
M i The calculation model of (c) is modified as follows:
；
wherein eta is i M The total transmission efficiency between the shaft corresponding to the ith bearing and the output shaft of the driving motor; η (eta) i M The calculation model of (2) is as follows:
；
in the step of determining the alarm relationship, M i S The calculation model of (c) is modified as follows:
。
3. the escalator fault diagnosis method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: in the step of the alarm relation curve, an alarm relation coefficient C is also set ’ Warning relation coefficient C ’ Is more than 1 and less than the alarm relation coefficient C and according to the alarm relation coefficient C ’ Determining a warning relation f ’ (a) Warning relation curve f ’ (a) The formula is as follows:
；
in the alarm judging step, if under a certain load, the vibration amplitude a of the bearing i S Is greater than the warning relation curve f ’ (a) And when the vibration amplitude is smaller than or equal to the alarm relation curve f (a), the vibration amplitude a of the bearing is also reduced i S Is greater than the warning relation curve f ’ (a) And judging the frequency smaller than or equal to the alarm relation curve f (a); if the vibration amplitude a of the bearing is within a unit time i S Is greater than the warning relation curve f ’ (a) And the number of times smaller than or equal to the alarm relation curve f (a) is larger than or equal to a first threshold value, and executing an alarm step.
4. The escalator fault diagnosis method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: and in the alarming step, the serial number of the fault bearing is also reported.
5. The utility model provides an staircase fault diagnosis system which characterized in that: a method for diagnosing a fault in an escalator as claimed in claim 3, comprising
And a detection module: the device comprises a torque sensor, a plurality of rotating speed sensors and acceleration sensors, wherein the number of the acceleration sensors is the same as that of the bearings; the torque sensors are arranged on the output shaft of the driving motor, one of the rotating speed sensors is arranged on the output shaft of the driving motor, the other rotating speed sensors are arranged on the transmission shaft of the escalator system in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the acceleration sensors are arranged on the bearings in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the processing module is used for: the input end is electrically connected with the output end of the detection module and is used for calculating the credible value A of the vibration amplitude of the bearing in no-load through the detection result measured by the detection module iZ Coefficient of relationship lambda i Further, an alarm relation curve f (a) and an alert relation curve f are calculated ’ (a) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And according to the alarm relation curve f (a) and the warning relation curve f ’ (a) Judging whether the escalator has faults or not;
and a storage module: the input end and the output end are both connected with the processing module through electrical signals and are used for storing information;
and an alarm module: the input end is connected with the output end of the processing module through an electric signal and is used for giving an alarm.
6. The escalator fault diagnosis system according to claim 5, wherein: also included is a selection module for selecting the selected one of the plurality of modules,
the storage module is also provided with a database, and the database is recorded with transmission mode information and transmission efficiency information corresponding to the transmission mode;
and a selection module: the input end is connected with the output end of the storage module, the output end is connected with the input end of the processing module through an electric signal, and the input end is used for selecting the transmission mode recorded in the storage module and outputting the transmission efficiency corresponding to the transmission mode to the processing module.
7. The escalator fault diagnosis system according to claim 5 or 6, wherein: the display device also comprises a display module, wherein the display module is used for displaying the display data,
and a display module: the input end is connected with the output of the processing module and used for displaying alarm information.
8. The escalator fault diagnosis system according to claim 5 or 6, wherein: the device also comprises a control module which is used for controlling the control module,
and the control module is used for: the input end is electrically connected with the output end of the processing module, and the output end is electrically connected with the driving motor of the escalator.
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