CN117322931B - Vertebra expander - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to a vertebra expander, which comprises a guide post and a handle fixedly arranged at the tail end of the guide post; the fixed column is fixedly arranged in the guide column; a driving plate arranged in the guide post in a sliding manner; the screwing propulsion mechanism is arranged on the handle and is used for controlling the distance between the driving plate and the fixed column; the two ends of the framework are respectively connected with the fixed column and the driving plate, the framework is bent when the driving plate is close to the fixed column, and the bending point is far away from the axis position of the guide column.

Description

Vertebra expander

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to a vertebra expander.

Background

A spinal expander is a medical instrument for expanding a gap between vertebrae in a spinal operation to provide a space required for a doctor to perform the operation.

Chinese patent: CN107157530a discloses a spinal column segment spreader, comprising a spreader pin and a positioning device; the positioning device comprises a plurality of support rods; the distance between the support rods can be adjusted; the plurality of the opening nails are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of the supporting rods; the opening nails can be connected with the support rods in a nested mode. The vertebra joint spreader provided by the invention adopts the structure that the tail of the screw is provided with the hole, and the supporting rod matched with the screw is inserted into the hole, so that the damage to peripheral nerve tissues caused by reinsertion of the supporting rod with larger cross section into a human body after the screw is in place in the operation process is avoided;

in the above patent, firstly, two screws are required to be fixed with two vertebrations respectively, then the supporting rods are nested on the screws, and finally the distance between the two screws is controlled by controlling the distance between the two supporting rods, but the process of fixing the screws and the vertebration is complicated, so that the time for the process of expanding the vertebration is too long.

Chinese patent: CN213047068U discloses an improved vertebra spreader, wherein the spreader is in a pincer structure, the spreader needs to insert two stay bars into a gap between two vertebrae when performing a spreading operation, and then expands the two stay bars through the pincer structure, so that the aim of spreading the two vertebrae is finally achieved, but because of the pincer structure and limitation of the arrangement of the stay bars, the requirement of inserting the stay bars is an angle alignment process, so that the two stay bars are ensured to be respectively contacted with the upper vertebrae and the lower vertebrae, which leads to increasing spreading difficulty of the vertebrae, and a part of time needs to be paid more attention to the inserting angle, so that the spreading process time of the vertebrae is prolonged.

In summary, as the existing expanders for expanding the vertebra have complicated positioning processes before expanding the vertebra, if the accurate positioning of the vertebra is completed, a certain time is required, so that the time for expanding the vertebra is too long.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a vertebra expander, which solves the technical problems of complicated positioning process and long time consumption of the existing vertebra expander before vertebra expansion.

Based on the above purpose, the invention provides a vertebra expander, which comprises a guide post and a handle fixedly arranged at the tail end of the guide post, wherein the interior of the guide post is of a hollow structure, and the outer edge surface of the top end of the guide post is provided with a flaring;

the fixed column is fixedly arranged in the guide column, is positioned on the inner wall of the top end of the guide column and is positioned at one end of the flaring;

the driving plate is arranged in the guide pillar in a sliding manner and is positioned at the other end of the flaring;

the screwing propulsion mechanism is arranged on the handle and is used for controlling the distance between the driving plate and the fixed column;

the frames are arranged at the flaring positions, at least three frames are arranged, and the frames are arranged along the axes of the guide posts in a surrounding manner;

the two ends of the framework are respectively connected with the fixed column and the driving plate, the framework is bent when the driving plate is close to the fixed column, and the bending point is far away from the axis position of the guide post.

Preferably, the screwing propulsion mechanism comprises a screwing head rotatably arranged on the handle and a nut fixedly arranged in the screwing head;

the threaded rod penetrates through the nut and is in threaded connection with the nut;

a sliding plate arranged in the handle in a sliding way, and a threaded rod is fixedly connected with one surface of the sliding plate;

the push rod is arranged in the guide post in a sliding way, is fixedly connected with the other surface of the sliding plate, and is in transmission connection with the driving plate.

Preferably, the handle is provided with a strip-shaped opening, the side wall of the sliding plate is provided with convex teeth, and the convex teeth extend into the strip-shaped opening; the outer side of the strip-shaped opening is provided with scale marks for calibrating the positions of the convex teeth.

Preferably, the driving plate comprises a plate body which is arranged in the guide post in a sliding manner, one side of the plate body is fixedly connected with the push rod, a first limit rod is arranged on the other side of the plate body in a surrounding manner, one end of the framework is hinged with the outer edge surface of the plate body through a flaring, and the other end of the framework is hinged with the outer edge surface of the fixed post through the flaring;

the fixed column is internally provided with a sliding cavity corresponding to the first limiting rod in a surrounding mode, the inner diameter of the sliding cavity is larger than the diameter of the first limiting rod, the end portion of the first limiting rod penetrates through and stretches into the sliding cavity, and the end portion of the first limiting rod is provided with a first limiting piece.

Preferably, the driving plate comprises a supporting block which is arranged along the axis of the guide post in a surrounding manner, and the supporting block is positioned in the guide post;

the support block is provided with a second limiting rod, a sliding cavity corresponding to the second limiting rod is arranged in the fixed column in a surrounding manner, the inner diameter of the sliding cavity is larger than the diameter of the second limiting rod, the end part of the second limiting rod penetrates through and stretches into the sliding cavity, and a second limiting piece is arranged at the end part of the second limiting rod;

the second limiting rod is sleeved with a first elastic element for pushing the supporting block away from the fixed column;

the expander also comprises a two-section type propelling mechanism arranged at the end part of the push rod, and the two-section type propelling mechanism is in transmission connection with the supporting block.

Preferably, the two-section type propelling mechanism comprises a first plate body and a third limiting rod fixedly arranged on the first plate body, and an inner cavity is formed in the push rod;

the end part of the third limiting rod penetrates through and extends out of the inner cavity of the push rod, and a third limiting piece is arranged at the end part of the third limiting rod;

the second elastic element is sleeved on the third limiting rod, a convex surface is arranged on the supporting block, and the second elastic element is used for pushing the first plate body to be away from the end part of the push rod and contact with the convex surface;

the fixed column is fixedly provided with a stop lever for blocking the first plate body from moving.

Preferably, the two-section propelling mechanism further comprises a second plate body fixedly arranged at the end part of the push rod, and a push rod corresponding to the supporting block is arranged on one surface of the second plate body, which is close to the fixed column;

the inside of the supporting block is provided with a first cavity, the inside of the second limiting rod is provided with a second cavity, the second cavity is communicated with the first cavity, the supporting block is provided with an introduction hole, one end of the introduction hole is communicated with the first cavity and faces the second cavity, and the other end of the introduction hole faces the ejector rod;

the cavity is provided with a blocking piece in sliding mode, the blocking piece is in contact with the ejector rod, the third elastic element is used for pushing the blocking piece to move upwards, the framework is provided with a pressure control component, and when the bending point of the framework is pressed, the pressure control component drives the blocking piece to move downwards and separate the guide hole from the second cavity.

Preferably, the air chamber is arranged in the framework, the pressure control component comprises a pressure plate arranged in the air chamber, the pressure plate is in sliding sealing connection with the inner wall of the air chamber, and one end of the pressure plate is hinged with the inner wall of the air chamber;

the pressing plate is provided with a convex column which is positioned at a bending point of the framework and is exposed through the outer edge surface of the framework;

the air chamber is communicated with the first chamber through a connecting pipe, and two ends of the connecting pipe face the pressing plate and the blocking block respectively.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

in the invention, a user needs to hold the handle to insert the guide post between two vertebrae to be expanded, operate the screwing propulsion mechanism to drive the driving plate to be close to the fixed post, the distance between two ends of the frameworks is shortened to lead the bending points to be far away from the axial position of the guide post, a plurality of frameworks form an expansion ring, at least two bending points in the expansion ring are respectively contacted with the upper vertebrae and the lower vertebrae, so that the application points of the frameworks to the vertebrae are generated, the expansion ring diameter range is enlarged to lead the bending points of the frameworks which are respectively contacted with the upper vertebrae and the lower vertebrae to be far away from each other, thereby enlarging the distance between the upper vertebrae and the lower vertebrae, then a doctor can start operation, the insertion angle is not required to be specially selected before the whole vertebrae are expanded, and the time spent in the expanding process is reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only of the invention and that other drawings can be obtained from them without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention in a non-operating state;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view at A of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view illustrating an operation state of the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the grip and screw propulsion mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the grip and slide plate of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the first embodiment of the present invention in a non-operating state;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the first embodiment of the present invention in the operation state;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a frame in an operational state according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of the second embodiment of the present invention in a non-operating state;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of the second embodiment of the present invention in a non-operating state;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of FIG. 10 at B;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the second embodiment of the present invention in an operating state;

FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of FIG. 12 at C;

fig. 14 is a schematic view of the skeleton opening in the working state of the second embodiment of the present invention.

The reference numerals in the figures are:

1-a guide post; 2-grip; 21-a strip port; 3-fixing columns; 31-a sliding chamber; 32-stop lever; 4-a dial; 41-a tray body; 42-a first limit rod; 421-a first limiting piece; 43-supporting blocks; 431-convex; 432-a first chamber; 433-an introduction hole; 434-a blocking piece; 435-a third elastic element; 44-a second stop lever; 441-second limiting piece; 442-a second chamber; 45-a first elastic element; 5-screwing the propelling mechanism; 51-screwing head; 52-nut; 53-a threaded rod; 54-a sliding plate; 541-teeth; 55-pushing rod; 551-lumen; 6-a framework; 61-bending point; 62-a voltage controlled component; 621-pressing plates; 622-posts; 63-air chambers; 7-a two-stage propulsion mechanism; 71-a first plate; 711-a third limit rod; 712-third limit piece; 72-a second elastic element; 73-a second plate; 74-ejector pin.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to specific embodiments in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent.

It is to be noted that unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein should be taken in a general sense as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. The terms "first," "second," and the like, as used herein, do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that elements or items preceding the word are included in the element or item listed after the word and equivalents thereof, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "connected," and the like, are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, which may also be changed when the absolute position of the object to be described is changed.

In a first aspect of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a spinal expander is provided, which includes a guide post 1 and a grip 2 fixed at the tail end of the guide post 1, wherein the interior of the guide post 1 is in a hollow structure, and the outer edge surface of the top end of the guide post 1 is provided with a flaring;

the fixed column 3 is fixedly arranged in the guide column 1, and the fixed column 3 is positioned on the inner wall of the top end of the guide column 1 and is positioned at one end of the flaring;

a driving plate 4 arranged in the guide column 1 in a sliding manner, wherein the driving plate 4 is positioned at the other end of the flaring;

the screwing propulsion mechanism 5 is arranged on the grip 2, and the screwing propulsion mechanism 5 is used for controlling the distance between the driving plate 4 and the fixed column 3;

the framework 6 is arranged at the flaring, at least three frameworks 6 are arranged, and the frameworks 6 are arranged around the axis of the guide pillar 1;

the two ends of the framework 6 are respectively connected with the fixed column 3 and the driving plate 4, when the driving plate 4 approaches to the fixed column 3, the framework 6 bends, and the bending point 61 is far away from the axial line position of the guide column 1.

In this embodiment, the following steps are required before the use of the spinal expander:

1. anesthesia: prior to surgery, the patient may receive appropriate anesthesia to ensure comfort and pain-free feel during the surgery.

2. Position location: physicians use imaging techniques (such as X-ray or CT scanning) to determine problems with the surgical field and spine; the patient will then be placed on the operating table and positioned appropriately so that the doctor can conveniently access the operating field.

3. Incision: a doctor will make an incision in the skin of the spinal area where surgery is desired; the size and location of the incision depends on the nature and purpose of the procedure.

The application of the spinal expander is then started as follows:

the user needs to hold the handle 2 to insert the guide post 1 between two vertebrae to be expanded, and needs to ensure that the skeleton 6 is in a wrapping range between the two vertebrae, and the user operates the screwing and pushing mechanism 5 to drive the driving plate 4 to be close to the fixed column 3, so that the distance between two ends of the skeleton 6 is shortened in the process that the driving plate 4 is close to the fixed column 3;

the corresponding explanation is made here for the structure of the skeleton 6: the framework 6 is made of stainless steel or titanium steel, but is not limited to the stainless steel or the titanium steel, and the framework 6 has certain elasticity and toughness; when the driving plate 4 is positioned at the position farthest from the fixed column 3, namely the initial state of the framework 6, the framework 6 has a certain radian in the initial state, the inner cambered surface faces the axis of the guide column 1, and the outer cambered surface faces away from the axis of the guide column 1; through the radian setting of the initial state of the framework 6, the bending point 61 of the framework 6 can be ensured to be continuously far away from the axial line position of the guide post 1 in the process that the driving plate 4 approaches the fixed post 3; the situation that the trend of the bending point 61 is uncontrollable after the skeleton 6 is extruded due to the straight arrangement in the initial state is avoided;

shortening the distance between the two ends of the skeleton 6 will cause the bending points 61 to be far away from the axial position of the guide post 1, and the skeleton 6 is particularly six in the expander, not only limited to the number, but at least three; the bending points 61 of the six skeletons 6 are simultaneously far away from the axial position of the guide pillar 1, and the bending points 61 are uniformly distributed around the axial direction of the guide pillar 1, so that an expansion ring is formed; this expansion ring is made up of a plurality of bending points 61 of the skeleton 6; at least two bending points 61 in the expansion ring are respectively contacted with the upper vertebra and the lower vertebra, so that the application points of the framework 6 to the vertebrae are generated, and the expansion ring diameter range is expanded to lead the bending points 61 of the framework 6 respectively contacted with the upper vertebra and the lower vertebra to be far away from each other, thereby expanding the interval between the upper vertebra and the lower vertebra;

the expansion range of the ring diameter of the expansion ring is controlled by screwing the propelling mechanism 5, and after the corresponding bending points 61 of the framework 6 in the expansion ring expand the distance between the vertebrates, the space required by the operation is provided; the physician may then begin the surgical procedure, which may involve removal of the disc, implantation of the screw or nut 52, implantation of an artificial disc, etc., depending on the purpose of the procedure and the patient's condition;

the above description of the location of the two points of application in the expansion ring, in which at least two bending points 61 in the expansion ring are in contact with the upper vertebra and the lower vertebra, respectively, is opposite; and wherein the description of "at least two bending points 61" is that the guide post 1 is positioned between two vertebrae, the bending points 61 of at least two skeletons 6 are contacted with the upper vertebrae and the lower vertebrae when the ring diameter of the expansion ring is increased, but the insertion angle of the guide post 1 may change the distribution position of six skeletons 6 between the two vertebrae so that the bending points 61 of the two skeletons 6 are contacted with the upper vertebrae and the bending points 61 of the two skeletons 6 are contacted with the lower vertebrae; if there are only three skeletons 6, then the contact between the bending points 61 of the three skeletons 6 and the upper and lower vertebrae will be only 1:2 or 2:1, no matter what the angle of the guide post 1 is changed;

the explanation here is given of why there are a minimum of three skeletons 6, since if there are only two, the positions of the two skeletons 6 must be opposite, which requires the user to precisely control the angle before inserting the guide post 1 to ensure that the bending points 61 of the two skeletons 6 are in contact with the upper and lower vertebrae, respectively, which will result in an increased difficulty in expanding the vertebrae, and requires a part of time to pay attention to the angle of insertion so that the period of the vertebrae expanding process is prolonged.

As an embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, further:

the screwing propulsion mechanism 5 comprises a screwing head 51 rotatably arranged on the grip 2 and a nut 52 fixedly arranged inside the screwing head 51;

a threaded rod 53 passing through the nut 52, and the threaded rod 53 is screwed with the nut 52;

a sliding plate 54 arranged in the grip 2 in a sliding manner, and a threaded rod 53 is fixedly connected with one surface of the sliding plate 54;

the push rod 55 is arranged in the guide post 1 in a sliding manner, the push rod 55 is fixedly connected with the other surface of the sliding plate 54, and the push rod 55 is in transmission connection with the driving plate 4.

In this embodiment, the user needs to hold the grip 2 by hand to insert the guide post 1 between two vertebrae to be expanded, and needs to ensure that the skeleton 6 is in the wrapping range between the two vertebrae, then the user grasps the grip 2 with one hand and rotates the screwing head 51 with the other hand, the screwing head 51 will drive the nut 52 to rotate, since the threaded rod 53 is fixedly connected with the sliding plate 54, and the sliding plate 54 is slidingly disposed inside the grip 2, the threaded rod 53 will not rotate and the moving direction is guided, when the nut 52 rotates, the threaded rod 53 will be driven to push the sliding plate 54, the sliding plate 54 will be moved to drive the push rod 55, and finally the push rod 55 will apply force to the driving plate 4 to cause the driving plate 4 to approach the fixed column 3.

As an embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, further:

the handle 2 is provided with a strip-shaped opening 21, the side wall of the sliding plate 54 is provided with convex teeth 541, and the convex teeth 541 extend into the strip-shaped opening 21; the outside of the strip-shaped opening 21 is provided with scale marks for calibrating the positions of the convex teeth 541.

In this embodiment, the range of the expansion ring diameter expansion is controlled by the screwing and pushing mechanism 5, specifically, in the process that the threaded rod 53 pushes the push rod 55 to move through the sliding plate 54, the change of the expansion ring diameter range can be known through the position of the convex tooth 541 on the sliding plate 54 corresponding to the scale mark.

As an embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 to 8, further:

the driving plate 4 comprises a plate body 41 which is arranged in the guide column 1 in a sliding manner, one side of the plate body 41 is fixedly connected with the push rod 55, the other side of the plate body is provided with a first limiting rod 42 in a surrounding manner, one end of the framework 6 is hinged with the outer edge surface of the plate body 41 through a flaring, and the other end of the framework 6 is hinged with the outer edge surface of the fixed column 3 through the flaring;

the sliding cavity 31 corresponding to the first limiting rod 42 is arranged around the inside of the fixed column 3, the inner diameter of the sliding cavity 31 is larger than the diameter of the first limiting rod 42, the end part of the first limiting rod 42 penetrates through and stretches into the sliding cavity 31, and the end part of the first limiting rod 42 is provided with a first limiting sheet 421.

In the present embodiment, when the push rod 55 does not push the tray 41, the tray 41 is in a state of being away from the fixed column 3; the tray 41 is continuously close to the end face of the fixed column 3 in the process of being pushed by the push rod 55, the tray 41 shortens the distance between the two ends of the framework 6 in the process of being close, the distance between the two ends of the framework 6 shortens the distance to enable the bending points 61 of the tray 41 to be far away from the axial position of the guide column 1, and finally, the action that the bending points 61 of the six frameworks 6 are simultaneously far away from the axial position of the guide column 1 is completed;

the first limiting rod 42 is used for guiding the moving direction of the tray 41, and the first limiting piece 421 and the sliding cavity 31 function to control the moving range of the tray 41.

As an embodiment, as shown in fig. 9 to 14, further:

the driving plate 4 comprises a supporting block 43 which is circumferentially arranged along the axis of the guide post 1, and the supporting block 43 is positioned inside the guide post 1;

the support block 43 is provided with a second limiting rod 44, a sliding cavity 31 corresponding to the second limiting rod 44 is formed in the fixing column 3 in a surrounding mode, the inner diameter of the sliding cavity 31 is larger than the diameter of the second limiting rod 44, the end portion of the second limiting rod 44 penetrates through and stretches into the sliding cavity 31, and a second limiting piece 441 is arranged at the end portion of the second limiting rod 44;

the second limiting rod 44 is sleeved with a first elastic element 45 for pushing the supporting block 43 away from the fixed column 3;

the expander also comprises a two-section type propelling mechanism 7 arranged at the end part of the push rod 55, and the two-section type propelling mechanism 7 is in transmission connection with the supporting block 43.

The two-stage propulsion mechanism 7 comprises a first plate 71 and a third limit rod 711 fixedly arranged on the first plate 71, and an inner cavity 551 is formed in the push rod 55;

the end part of the third limiting rod 711 extends out of the inner cavity 551 of the push rod 55, and the end part of the third limiting rod 711 is provided with a third limiting piece 712;

the second elastic element 72 sleeved on the third limiting rod 711, the supporting block 43 is provided with a convex surface 431, and the second elastic element 72 is used for pushing the first plate 71 away from the end of the push rod 55 and contacting the convex surface 431;

the fixed column 3 is fixedly provided with a stop lever 32 for blocking the first plate 71 from moving.

The two-stage propelling mechanism 7 further comprises a second plate body 73 fixedly arranged at the end part of the push rod 55, and a push rod 74 corresponding to the supporting block 43 is arranged on one surface of the second plate body 73 close to the fixed column 3;

the first chamber 432 is arranged in the support block 43, the second chamber 442 is arranged in the second limiting rod 44, the second chamber 442 is communicated with the first chamber 432, the support block 43 is provided with an introduction hole 433, one end of the introduction hole 433 is communicated with the first chamber 432 and faces the second chamber 442, and the other end of the introduction hole 433 faces the ejector rod 74;

the chamber is slidably provided with a blocking block 434 for contacting the ram 74, and a third elastic element 435 for pushing the blocking block 434 up, the frame 6 is provided with a pressure control component 62, and when the bending point 61 of the frame 6 is pressed, the pressure control component 62 drives the blocking block 434 down and separates the introduction hole 433 from the second chamber 442.

The inside of the framework 6 is provided with an air chamber 63, the pressure control component 62 comprises a pressure plate 621 arranged in the air chamber 63, the pressure plate 621 is in sliding sealing connection with the inner wall of the air chamber 63, and one end of the pressure plate 621 is hinged with the inner wall of the air chamber 63;

the pressing plate 621 is provided with a convex column 622, the convex column 622 is positioned at the bending point 61 of the framework 6, and the convex column 622 penetrates through the outer edge surface of the framework 6 to be exposed;

the air chamber 63 is communicated with the first chamber 432 through a connecting pipe, and two ends of the connecting pipe face the pressing plate 621 and the blocking block 434, respectively.

In this embodiment, because the multiple skeletons 6 are simultaneously expanded to form the expansion ring, although the operation of positioning by an operator is not required, the complicated operation steps in the process of expanding the spine are avoided, but since only part of the skeletons 6 actually contact the spine in the process of expanding the spine, the bending action of the remaining skeletons 6 will cause shielding in the process of operating the operation and reduce the operation space in the process of operating the operation, in order to solve the problem, the following method is specifically adopted;

in the following pushing process of the first section of the push rod 55, when a worker manipulates the screwing head 51 to drive the push rod 55 to move towards the fixed column 3, under the action of the pretightening force of the second elastic element 72, the first plate 71 applies thrust to the convex surfaces 431 of the support blocks 43, the first plate 71 pushes the six support blocks 43 to move towards the fixed column 3 at the same time until the first plate 71 contacts with the stop lever 32, at this time, the stop lever continuously moves the first plate 71, in the above process, the movement of the first plate 71 drives the support blocks 43 and the corresponding small-amplitude bending arches of the frameworks 6, when the bending points 61 of the frameworks 6 are far away from the axis of the guide column 1, the six frameworks 6 are divided into pressed frameworks 6 and non-pressed frameworks 6, the convex columns 622 of the outer edge surfaces of the pressed frameworks 6 are extruded by the bottom surfaces of the upper vertebrae and the top surfaces of the lower vertebrae, and the convex columns 622 of the non-pressed frameworks 6 are in an extended state;

when the protruding column 622 of the pressed frame 6 is pressed, the protruding column 622 is retracted into the air chamber 63 and presses the pressing plate 621, the air in the space below the pressing plate 621 is compressed and is conveyed into the first chamber 432 by a connecting pipe (not shown), the blocking block 434 in the first chamber 432 is pushed by the air to move downwards against the pretightening force of the third elastic element 435, and then the blocking block 434 separates the second chamber 442 from the introducing hole 433;

the following is a pushing process of the second section of the push rod 55, because the position of the first plate 71 is blocked by the blocking rod at this time, the second plate 73 is pushed to be further close to the position of the fixed column 3 by the continued movement of the push rod 55, at this time, the blocking block 434 inside the first chamber 432 of the supporting block 43 corresponding to the pressed frame 6 separates the second chamber 442 from the introducing hole 433, and the first chamber 432 of the supporting block 43 corresponding to the non-pressed frame 6 is in a communicating state with the second chamber 442 and the introducing hole 433; so that the ejector pins 74 corresponding to the supporting blocks 43 connected with the non-pressed frame 6 penetrate and guide the holes 433 and the first chambers 432 in sequence and finally enter the second chambers 442 in the process of continuing to move the second plate 73; the ejector rod 74 corresponding to the supporting block 43 connected with the pressed skeleton 6 is blocked by the blocking block 434 in the moving process, and the ejector rod 74 pushes the supporting block 43 to move continuously through the blocking block 434 in the continuous moving process, so that the continuous expanding action of the pressed skeleton 6 is completed; thus, only the compressed framework 6 completes the expansion action on the upper vertebra and the lower vertebra, and other non-compressed frameworks 6 keep the original state and do not bend any more, so that the non-compressed frameworks 6 are prevented from shielding the operation process of the operation after expansion, and the operation space in the operation process is reduced;

the second limiting rod 44 is used for guiding the moving direction of the supporting block 43, the second limiting piece 441 and the sliding cavity 31 are used for controlling the moving range of the supporting block 43, the first elastic element 45 is used for ensuring that the supporting block 43 is always in contact with the first plate 71, and when the first plate 71 does not apply force to push the convex surface 431, the first elastic element 45 can push the supporting block 43 to be away from the fixed column 3, so that the framework 6 is ensured to be in an extending state;

the first elastic member 45, the second elastic member 72, and the third elastic member 435 are all springs, but are not limited thereto.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: the discussion of any of the embodiments above is merely exemplary and is not intended to suggest that the scope of the invention (including the claims) is limited to these examples; the technical features of the above embodiments or in the different embodiments may also be combined within the idea of the invention, the steps may be implemented in any order and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.

The present invention is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variances which fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omission, modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. The spine expander comprises a guide post (1) and a handle (2) fixedly arranged at the tail end of the guide post (1), and is characterized in that the interior of the guide post (1) is of a hollow structure, and the outer edge surface of the top end of the guide post (1) is provided with a flaring;

the fixing column (3) is fixedly arranged in the guide column (1), and the fixing column (3) is positioned on the inner wall of the top end of the guide column (1) and is positioned at one end of the flaring;

a driving plate (4) arranged in the guide column (1) in a sliding manner, wherein the driving plate (4) is positioned at the other end of the flaring;

the screwing propulsion mechanism (5) is arranged on the grip (2), and the screwing propulsion mechanism (5) is used for controlling the distance between the driving plate (4) and the fixed column (3);

the frameworks (6) are arranged at the flaring positions, at least three frameworks (6) are arranged, and the frameworks (6) are arranged around the axis of the guide pillar (1);

two ends of the framework (6) are respectively connected with the fixed column (3) and the driving plate (4), when the driving plate (4) is close to the fixed column (3), the framework (6) is bent, and bending points (61) are far away from the axial position of the guide column (1);

the driving plate (4) comprises a supporting block (43) which is arranged along the axis of the guide post (1) in a surrounding way, and the supporting block (43) is positioned in the guide post (1);

the support block (43) is provided with a second limiting rod (44), a sliding cavity (31) corresponding to the second limiting rod (44) is formed in the fixing column (3) in a surrounding mode, the inner diameter of the sliding cavity (31) is larger than the diameter of the second limiting rod (44), the end portion of the second limiting rod (44) penetrates through and stretches into the sliding cavity (31), and a second limiting sheet (441) is arranged at the end portion of the second limiting rod (44);

a first elastic element (45) for pushing the supporting block (43) away from the fixed column (3) is sleeved on the second limiting rod (44);

the expander also comprises a two-section type propelling mechanism (7) arranged at the end part of the push rod (55), and the two-section type propelling mechanism (7) is in transmission connection with the supporting block (43);

the two-section type propelling mechanism (7) comprises a first plate body (71) and a third limiting rod (711) fixedly arranged on the first plate body (71), and an inner cavity (551) is formed in the push rod (55);

the end part of the third limiting rod (711) penetrates through and extends out of the inner cavity (551) of the push rod (55), and a third limiting piece (712) is arranged at the end part of the third limiting rod (711);

the second elastic element (72) is sleeved on the third limiting rod (711), the supporting block (43) is provided with a convex surface (431), and the second elastic element (72) is used for pushing the first plate body (71) away from the end part of the push rod (55) and contacting the convex surface (431);

a stop lever (32) for blocking the first plate body (71) from moving is fixedly arranged on the fixed column (3);

the two-section type propelling mechanism (7) further comprises a second plate body (73) fixedly arranged at the end part of the push rod (55), and a push rod (74) corresponding to the supporting block (43) is arranged on one surface of the second plate body (73) close to the fixed column (3);

a first chamber (432) is formed in the support block (43), a second chamber (442) is formed in the second limiting rod (44), the second chamber (442) is communicated with the first chamber (432), an introduction hole (433) is formed in the support block (43), one end of the introduction hole (433) is communicated with the first chamber (432) and faces the second chamber (442), and the other end of the introduction hole (433) faces the ejector rod (74);

a blocking block (434) for contacting with the ejector rod (74) is slidably arranged in the cavity, and a third elastic element (435) for pushing the blocking block (434) to move upwards is arranged on the framework (6), a pressure control component (62) is arranged on the framework (6), and when the bending point (61) of the framework (6) is pressed, the pressure control component (62) drives the blocking block (434) to move downwards and separate the guide hole (433) from the second cavity (442);

the inside of the framework (6) is provided with an air chamber (63), the pressure control assembly (62) comprises a pressing plate (621) arranged in the air chamber (63), the pressing plate (621) is in sliding sealing connection with the inner wall of the air chamber (63), and one end of the pressing plate (621) is hinged with the inner wall of the air chamber (63);

the pressing plate (621) is provided with a convex column (622), the convex column (622) is positioned at a bending point (61) of the framework (6), and the convex column (622) penetrates through the outer edge surface of the framework (6) to be exposed;

the air chamber (63) is communicated with the first chamber (432) through a connecting pipe, and two ends of the connecting pipe face the pressing plate (621) and the blocking block (434) respectively.

2. A spinal expander as claimed in claim 1, wherein the screwing propulsion mechanism (5) comprises a screwing head (51) rotatably provided on the grip (2), and a nut (52) fixedly provided inside the screwing head (51);

a threaded rod (53) penetrating the nut (52), and the threaded rod (53) is in threaded connection with the nut (52);

a sliding plate (54) arranged in the grip (2) in a sliding manner, and a threaded rod (53) is fixedly connected with one surface of the sliding plate (54);

the push rod (55) is arranged in the guide post (1) in a sliding manner, the push rod (55) is fixedly connected with the other surface of the sliding plate (54), and the push rod (55) is in transmission connection with the driving plate (4).

3. A spinal expander as claimed in claim 2, wherein the grip (2) is provided with a strip-shaped opening (21), the side wall of the sliding plate (54) is provided with convex teeth (541), and the convex teeth (541) extend into the strip-shaped opening (21); the outer side of the strip-shaped opening (21) is provided with scale marks for calibrating the positions of the convex teeth (541).