CN117322425A - 一种含氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯的三元除草组合物及其应用 - Google Patents
一种含氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯的三元除草组合物及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/66—1,3,5-Triazines, not hydrogenated and not substituted at the ring nitrogen atoms
- A01N43/68—1,3,5-Triazines, not hydrogenated and not substituted at the ring nitrogen atoms with two or three nitrogen atoms directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- A01N43/70—Diamino—1,3,5—triazines with only one oxygen, sulfur or halogen atom or only one cyano, thiocyano (—SCN), cyanato (—OCN) or azido (—N3) group directly attached to a ring carbon atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01G22/20—Cereals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/42—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
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Abstract
本发明提供一种包含氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯、二氯喹啉酸和特丁津的除草组合物，包含如下质量配比的活性成分：氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯、二氯喹啉酸和特丁津的质量配比为1‑20:1‑30:1‑40；本发明除草组合物可用于禾本科杂草、阔叶杂草以及莎草科杂草的防除，组合物具有显著的增效作用，组合物可制备成可分散油悬浮剂、可湿性粉剂、水分散粒剂；特别是制备获得的可分散油悬浮剂具有优异的田间除草效果，可以有效降低活性成分的使用剂量，并且田间观察对作物安全，对多种作物杂草具有优异的防效。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及农药领域，尤其是一种包含氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯、二氯喹啉酸和特丁津的除草组合物及其应用。
背景技术
高粱是世界第五大粮食作物，有着悠久的种植历史，是我国重要的旱粮作物，主要分布在内蒙古、吉林和四川等省区。高粱具有抗旱耐涝、耐盐碱、耐瘠薄，具有光合效率高、生物产量高、适应性强等特点，，是发展养殖业理想的绿色优质饲草作物，也是酿造业、饲料加工业不可或缺的原料作物。作为我国旱地农田的边际和先锋作物，兼有饲用、酿造用和纤维用等用途。高粱属于小杂粮的范畴，由于对除草剂敏感，所以登记的高粱田专用除草剂很少。目前，高粱田杂草的发生逐年加重且群落也在发生变化为了适应高粱规模化生产对化学除草的需要，我们进行了高粱田杂草化学防除药剂室内筛选试验以及田间防效试验。
氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯属于吡啶氧乙酸类除草剂，用于苗后茎叶处理，可防治猪殃殃、荠菜、麦家公、婆婆纳、灰灰菜、田旋花、香薷等一年生阔叶杂。具有内吸传导作用，由杂草叶片快速吸收，作用于杂草生长点，刺激生长点细胞过度分裂，耗尽营养最终导致杂草死亡。
二氯喹啉酸属喹啉羧酸类除草剂，是一种合成激素抑制剂。药剂能被萌发的种子、根、茎及叶部迅速吸收，并迅速向茎和顶端传导，使杂草中毒死亡，与生长素类物质的作用症状相似。对水稻生长安全。持效期25天左右，可以有效地防治稗草等杂草。
特丁津属广谱性内吸性三嗪类除草剂，主要用于春玉米田防除一年生杂草，包括以马唐、牛筋草、稗草、狗尾草等为主的禾本科杂草，以反枝苋、皱果苋、藜等为主的阔叶杂草和以香附子为主的莎草科杂草。
现有技术中没有将氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯、二氯喹啉酸和特丁津复配除草组合物的报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种包含氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯、二氯喹啉酸和特丁津的除草组合物。具体方案如下：
一种包含氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯、二氯喹啉酸和特丁津的除草组合物，其特征在于，包含如下质量配比的活性成分：氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯、二氯喹啉酸和特丁津的质量配比为1-20:1-30:1-40。
优选的，氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯、二氯喹啉酸和特丁津的质量配比为1-10:5-15:10-30。
特别优选的，氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯、二氯喹啉酸和特丁津的质量配比为4:10:20。
本发明所述的除草组合物中活性成分的百分含量为1-85％，包含农药上可用的助剂成分。优选的活性成分的百分含量为5-65％
助剂成分包含分散剂、润湿剂、乳化剂、增稠剂、粘结剂、崩解剂、防腐剂、助溶剂、防冻剂、填料、溶剂中的一种或两种以上。
除草组合物的剂型可为可分散油悬浮剂、可湿性粉剂、水分散粒剂、悬乳剂。优选为可分散油悬浮剂、可湿性粉剂、水分散粒剂；特别是可分散油悬浮剂。
本发明所述的除草组合物用于防治作物大田杂草的用途。优选的所述的作物为高粱；所述的杂草为禾本科杂草、阔叶杂草以及莎草科杂草。特别是所述的杂草为稗草、狗尾草、藜、马唐、反枝苋或野油菜。
有益技术效果
本发明制备的除草组合物可用于禾本科杂草、阔叶杂草以及莎草科杂草的防除，组合物具有显著的增效作用，组合物可制备成可分散油悬浮剂、可湿性粉剂、水分散粒剂；特别是制备获得的可分散油悬浮剂具有优异的田间除草效果，可以有效降低活性成分的使用剂量，并且田间观察对作物安全；
本发明可分散油悬浮剂中的助剂配方可以增加制剂黏附性，能够更好的附着在叶片表面，提升药效。
具体实施方式
实施例1：三元除草组合物对高粱田杂草反枝苋室内生物测定
供试药剂：氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯原药、二氯喹啉酸原药、特丁津原药、莠去津原药。
供试靶标：选择高粱一年生杂草代表反枝苋为供试对象，取上年度成熟饱满种子若干，备用。
培养条件：试验在人工气候室种进行。选择直径为30cm的塑料盆若干，加入适量湿润灭菌壤土，采用盆钵底部渗灌方式使土壤完全湿润，将预处理的供试杂草种子均匀撒播于土壤表面，覆上适量的过筛细土，以恰好覆盖住杂草种子为宜，播种后移入温室常规培养，采用盆钵底部渗灌方式补水。待反枝苋3-4叶期，间苗，每盆留25株。
药剂处理：准确称取一定量试验药剂，加入少量乳化剂吐温80和N，N-二甲基甲酰胺溶解后，用0.1％吐温80水溶液配成1％母液，药液配制用0.1％吐温80水溶液稀释，每药剂倍量稀释法设定6个剂量。杂草间苗后3d，按照设计用量进行茎叶喷雾处理，喷雾器械使用自动控制喷雾塔，试验前校正喷液量，按照试验设计从低剂量到高剂量顺序进行茎叶喷雾处理，同时以含有等量有机溶剂的0.1％吐温80的水溶液处理作空白对照。每个处理4次重复。
调查与统计：处理后定期观察记载供试杂草的生长状态，处理后21d，收割地上部杂草，称其鲜重。计算鲜重防效。鲜重防效＝(空白对照区杂草平均鲜重－处理区杂草平均鲜重)/空白对照区杂草平均鲜重×100％。
对药剂剂量对数值(x)与杂草防效的几率值(y)进行回归分析，建立回归方程(y＝a+bx)，计算相关系数(r)、杂草鲜重抑制50％的有效剂量(GR50)和置信区间等。
利用共毒系数法依据下式计算复配的联合作用类型。毒力指数＝标准药剂的GR50/被测药剂的GR50×100；混剂的共毒系数＝混剂的毒力指数实测值/混剂的毒力指数理论值×100。混剂的毒力指数理论值＝A的毒力指数×A在混剂中的比例+B的毒力指数×B在混剂中的比例。判定标准：共毒系数小于80为拮抗作用，在[80-120]之间为加成作用，大于120时为增效作用。
结果与分析：
由表1可知，氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯原药、二氯喹啉酸原药、特丁津原药、莠去津原药对反枝苋的GR50值分别为3.32g/亩、5.43g/亩、14.74g/亩和20.80g/亩。当氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯、二氯喹啉酸原药和特丁津复配后质量配比为2：5：10时对反枝苋的共毒系数为152.30，表现为显著的增效作用；当氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯、二氯喹啉酸原药和特丁津复配后质量配比为2：1：10、1：2：10时对反枝苋的表现为加成作用；当氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯、二氯喹啉酸原药和特丁津复配后质量配比为5：2：10时对反枝苋的共毒系数小于80，表现为拮抗作用。
当氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯、二氯喹啉酸原药和莠去津复配后质量配比为2：1：10、1：2：10、2：5：10、5：2：10时对反枝苋的共毒系数在[80-120]之间，表现为加成作用，没有发现增效作用。
后续测试中采用具有增效三元组合进行制剂制备以及田间防效测试。
表1三元除草组合物对高粱田杂草反枝苋室内生物测定
实施例2三元除草组合物的制剂配方
制剂1：34％氯氟·二氯·特可分散油悬浮剂，包含如下重量百分含量组分：氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯5％、二氯喹啉酸10％、特丁津20％、Agrlian-700 3％、十二烷基硫酸钠4％、吐温80 2％、油酸甲酯补足100％。
制剂2：34％氯氟·二氯·特可分散油悬浮剂，包含如下重量百分含量组分：氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯5％、二氯喹啉酸10％、特丁津20％、Atlox-4916 3％、十二烷基硫酸钠4％、吐温80 2％、大豆油4％、油酸甲酯补足100％。
制剂3：34％氯氟·二氯·特水分散粒剂，包含如下重量百分含量组分：氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯5％、二氯喹啉酸10％、特丁津20％、十二烷基硫酸钠5％、NNO 4％、黄原胶1.5％、羧甲基纤维素钠1％、尿素0.5％、膨润土补足100％。
制剂4：34％氯氟·二氯·特可湿性粉剂，包含如下重量百分含量组分：氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯5％、二氯喹啉酸10％、特丁津20％、拉开粉3％、木质素苯磺酸钙5％、白炭黑4％、高岭土补足100％。
实施例3.1三元除草剂对高粱田杂草的田间防效
试验地：赤峰市农牧科学研究院试验基地。高粱作物田间杂草类型：马唐、稗草、藜、反枝苋。
供试药剂：实施例2中制剂1-4；
试验方法：小区面积35m2,随机区组排列，每处理4次重复，设清水对照。采用手动茎叶喷雾，每公顷喷水量450kg；药后14天调查杂草鲜重防效，每小区定4点，每点0.5m2，调查杂草地上部鲜重，计算鲜重防效。
鲜重防效＝(对照区杂草鲜重-处理区杂草鲜重)/对照区杂草鲜重×100％。
结果与分析：
由表2.1可知，本发明制备的34％氯氟·二氯·特水分散粒剂、34％氯氟·二氯·特可湿性粉剂以及34％氯氟·二氯·特可分散油悬浮剂制剂用量为100g/亩时对高粱田杂草具有优异的防治效果，防效均大于80％。与可湿性粉剂、水分散粒剂相比，可分散油悬浮剂可显著提高药剂对杂草的防治效果，特别是制剂2的配方对高粱田杂草的防效为94.5％。推测其具体原因可能是，制剂2中的助剂配方可以增加制剂黏附性，能够更好的附着在叶片表面，提升药效。
表2.1三元除草剂对高粱田杂草的田间防效
| 药剂 | 制剂剂量g/亩 | 鲜重防效％ |
| 制剂1 | 100 | 88.4b |
| 制剂2 | 100 | 94.5a |
| 制剂3 | 100 | 82.8c |
| 制剂4 | 100 | 83.0c |
| CK | - | - |
实施例3.2三元除草剂对高粱田杂草的田间防效
试验地：平凉市农业科学院试验基地。高粱作物田间杂草类型：稗草、狗尾草、藜、反枝苋、野油菜。
供试药剂：实施例2中制剂1-4；
试验方法：小区面积45m2,随机区组排列，每处理4次重复，设清水对照。采用手动茎叶喷雾，每公顷喷水量450kg；药后14天调查杂草鲜重防效，每小区定4点，每点0.5m2，调查杂草地上部鲜重，计算鲜重防效。
鲜重防效＝(对照区杂草鲜重-处理区杂草鲜重)/对照区杂草鲜重×100％。
结果与分析：
由表2.2可知，本发明制备的34％氯氟·二氯·特水分散粒剂、34％氯氟·二氯·特可湿性粉剂以及34％氯氟·二氯·特可分散油悬浮剂制剂用量为110g/亩时对高粱田杂草具有优异的防治效果，防效均大于80％。与可湿性粉剂、水分散粒剂相比，可分散油悬浮剂可显著提高药剂对杂草的防治效果，特别是制剂2的配方对高粱田杂草的防效为96.2％。推测其具体原因可能是，制剂2中的助剂配方可以增加制剂黏附性，能够更好的附着在叶片表面，提升药效。
表2.2三元除草剂对高粱田杂草的田间防效
| 药剂 | 制剂剂量g/亩 | 鲜重防效％ |
| 制剂1 | 110 | 89.5b |
| 制剂2 | 110 | 96.2a |
| 制剂3 | 110 | 83.0c |
| 制剂4 | 110 | 84.2c |
| CK | - | - |
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制。
Claims (9)
1.一种包含氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯、二氯喹啉酸和特丁津的除草组合物，其特征在于，包含如下质量配比的活性成分：氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯、二氯喹啉酸和特丁津的质量配比为1-20:1-30:1-40。
2.根据权利要求1所述的除草组合物，其特征在于，氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯、二氯喹啉酸和特丁津的质量配比为1-10:5-15:10-30。
3.根据权利要求2所述的除草组合物，其特征在于，氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯、二氯喹啉酸和特丁津的质量配比为4:10:20。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一所述的除草组合物，其特征在于，除草组合物中活性成分的百分含量为1-85％，包含农药上可用的助剂成分。
5.根据权利要求4所述的除草组合物，其特征在于，所述的助剂成分包含分散剂、润湿剂、乳化剂、增稠剂、粘结剂、崩解剂、防腐剂、助溶剂、防冻剂、填料、溶剂中的一种或两种以上。
6.根据权利要求5所述的除草组合物，其特征在于，除草组合物的剂型可为可分散油悬浮剂、可湿性粉剂、水分散粒剂、悬乳剂。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的除草组合物用于防治作物大田杂草的用途。
8.根据权利要求7所述的用途，其特征在于，所述的作物为高粱；所述的杂草为禾本科杂草、阔叶杂草以及莎草科杂草。
9.根据权利要求7所述的用途，其特征在于，所述的杂草为稗草、狗尾草、藜、马唐、反枝苋或野油菜。
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