CN117319444A - Remote operation and maintenance system and method for power distribution cabinet equipment based on Bluetooth gateway - Google Patents
Remote operation and maintenance system and method for power distribution cabinet equipment based on Bluetooth gateway Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
- H02J13/00022—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
- H02J13/00026—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission involving a local wireless network, e.g. Wi-Fi, ZigBee or Bluetooth
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
- H04L67/125—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks involving control of end-device applications over a network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
- H04W12/12—Detection or prevention of fraud
- H04W12/121—Wireless intrusion detection systems [WIDS]; Wireless intrusion prevention systems [WIPS]
- H04W12/122—Counter-measures against attacks; Protection against rogue devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C2201/00—Transmission systems of control signals via wireless link
- G08C2201/40—Remote control systems using repeaters, converters, gateways
- G08C2201/41—Remote control of gateways
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Computing Systems (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of operation and maintenance of power distribution equipment, and particularly relates to a remote operation and maintenance system and method for power distribution cabinet equipment based on a Bluetooth gateway, the power distribution cabinet equipment, the Bluetooth gateway, a mobile terminal and a cloud platform; the Bluetooth gateway comprises first Bluetooth equipment arranged on the power distribution cabinet equipment and second Bluetooth equipment arranged on the mobile terminal, and the mobile terminal is in communication connection with the cloud platform; when the first Bluetooth device and the second Bluetooth device are in a Bluetooth sharing mode and the mobile terminal and the cloud platform are in communication connection, the mobile terminal receives real-time operation data of the power distribution cabinet device, the mobile terminal transmits the received operation data to the cloud platform, the cloud platform processes, stores and analyzes the operation data, and the mobile terminal carries out remote control on the power distribution cabinet device after receiving the analyzed operation data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of operation and maintenance of power distribution equipment, and particularly relates to a remote operation and maintenance system and method for power distribution cabinet equipment based on a Bluetooth gateway.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
The power distribution cabinet is used for controlling, protecting and distributing electric energy, ensuring safe and reliable operation of the power system, has wide application range and large demand quantity, and is applied to various buildings, industrial facilities and power systems.
At present, the intelligent instrument in the power distribution cabinet only generally supports an RS485 Modbus RTU protocol, and has some limitations in terms of data transmission rate, communication distance and data processing capacity, the intelligent instrument generally has no unified operation interface, is single in display, needs to check and operate one by one, and each intelligent instrument has own use instruction, so that the operation is very inconvenient. The operation and maintenance personnel need to spend a great deal of time and effort to find and understand the method and function of use of each meter. In addition, the intelligent instrument can only display current data in real time, lacks data storage and recording functions, and operation and maintenance personnel can not acquire historical data and conduct subsequent data analysis and mining utilization, so that the lack of the storage and analysis of the historical data is a huge waste for a power distribution cabinet which operates for a long time.
When the power distribution cabinet is installed on site, some manufacturers may choose to find third party companies to develop host computer software to improve existing problems; the state and the running condition of the power distribution cabinet equipment are monitored in a centralized manner through upper computer software; the upper computer software can analyze and process the acquired data to generate various reports and statistical results, so that a user can better understand and optimize the operation of the power distribution system, and the energy utilization efficiency and the reliability of equipment are improved. But suffer from the following drawbacks: (1) The hardware and software required by the upper computer are purchased and installed, and corresponding system integration and debugging are carried out; this brings higher cost and increases investment burden; (2) The stability and the safety of the upper computer software are critical to the normal operation of the power distribution system, and if the upper computer software has loopholes or instability, the problems of data loss, system breakdown and the like can be caused, so that the reliability and the safety of the power distribution system are affected; (3) The software installation, configuration and operation require users to have certain computer and network knowledge; for users lacking in the experience of the related technology, the technical requirements are high, and additional training and technical support are required; (4) The upper computer software usually runs on a local server or a computer, cannot directly access the cloud, and does not have the real remote access capability.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a remote operation and maintenance system and method for power distribution cabinet equipment based on a Bluetooth gateway, which are used for realizing real-time monitoring, remote control and data analysis of the power distribution cabinet equipment through the Bluetooth (Bluetooth Low Energy, BLE) gateway, a mobile terminal and a cloud platform, improving the safety, reliability and efficiency of a power distribution system, and realizing the intellectualization and the Internet of things of the operation and the maintenance of the power distribution cabinet equipment based on cloud connection and remote control.
According to some embodiments, the first scheme of the invention provides a remote operation and maintenance system of a power distribution cabinet device based on a Bluetooth gateway, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a power distribution cabinet equipment remote operation and maintenance system based on a Bluetooth gateway comprises power distribution cabinet equipment, the Bluetooth gateway, a mobile terminal and a cloud platform; the Bluetooth gateway comprises first Bluetooth equipment arranged on the power distribution cabinet equipment and second Bluetooth equipment arranged on the mobile terminal, and the mobile terminal is in communication connection with the cloud platform; when the first Bluetooth device and the second Bluetooth device are in a Bluetooth sharing mode and the mobile terminal and the cloud platform are in communication connection, the mobile terminal receives real-time operation data of the power distribution cabinet device, the mobile terminal transmits the received operation data to the cloud platform, the cloud platform processes, stores and analyzes the operation data, and the mobile terminal carries out remote control on the power distribution cabinet device after receiving the analyzed operation data.
As a further technical limitation, when the first bluetooth device and the second bluetooth device are not in the bluetooth sharing mode, the mobile terminal cannot receive and acquire real-time operation data of the power distribution cabinet device.
Further, if communication connection exists between the mobile terminal and the cloud platform, the mobile terminal receives historical operation data of the power distribution cabinet equipment stored on the cloud platform, and based on the fact that the mobile terminal checks the historical operation state of the power distribution cabinet equipment, real-time remote control fails.
Further, when the first Bluetooth device and the second Bluetooth device are in a Bluetooth sharing mode and the mobile terminal and the cloud platform cannot establish communication connection, the mobile terminal receives real-time operation data of the power distribution cabinet device, and views the real-time operation state of the power distribution cabinet device based on the mobile terminal; the cloud platform cannot receive and process real-time operation data of the power distribution cabinet equipment, and the mobile terminal cannot remotely control the power distribution cabinet equipment.
As a further technical definition, the condition of being in bluetooth sharing mode between the first bluetooth device and the second bluetooth device is: the distance between the power distribution cabinet equipment and the mobile terminal is within a preset Bluetooth transmission distance, and the first Bluetooth equipment and the second Bluetooth equipment all adopt the same Bluetooth transmission protocol.
Further, the first bluetooth device sends a broadcast message with bluetooth transmission protocol information supported by the first bluetooth device built in through a network, and sends a data communication connection request to the second bluetooth device according to the bluetooth transmission protocol information.
Further, the second bluetooth device receives the data communication connection request sent by the first bluetooth device, the second bluetooth device feeds back the received data communication connection request, when the second bluetooth device and the first bluetooth device meet a bluetooth sharing mode, the data communication connection request is confirmed based on the mobile terminal, the first bluetooth device and the second bluetooth device establish data communication connection, and real-time operation data of the power distribution cabinet device are transmitted to the mobile terminal.
Further, in the process of confirming the data communication connection request based on the mobile terminal, whether the data communication connection request received by the mobile terminal is consistent with the broadcast message sent by the first Bluetooth device is judged, if yes, connection is confirmed, and if not, connection is not carried out.
According to some embodiments, a second scheme of the present invention provides a remote operation and maintenance method for a power distribution cabinet device based on a bluetooth gateway, which adopts the remote operation and maintenance system for the power distribution cabinet device based on the bluetooth gateway provided by the first scheme, and adopts the following technical scheme:
a power distribution cabinet equipment remote operation and maintenance method based on a Bluetooth gateway comprises the following steps:
acquiring real-time operation data of power distribution cabinet equipment;
when the first Bluetooth device and the second Bluetooth device are in a Bluetooth sharing mode, the mobile terminal receives real-time operation data of the power distribution cabinet device;
when communication connection is established between the mobile terminal and the cloud platform, the mobile terminal transmits the received operation data to the cloud platform for processing, storing and analyzing the operation data;
and the cloud platform transmits the analyzed operation data to the mobile terminal, and the power distribution cabinet equipment is remotely controlled based on the mobile terminal, so that the remote operation and maintenance of the power distribution cabinet equipment are realized.
As a further technical definition, the remote operation and maintenance of the power distribution cabinet equipment needs to simultaneously satisfy:
the first Bluetooth device and the second Bluetooth device are in a Bluetooth sharing mode;
and establishing communication connection between the mobile terminal and the cloud platform.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the portable mobile terminal is used as the central equipment, and the power distribution cabinet equipment is monitored through the mobile terminal, so that the equipment connection and remote operation are conveniently realized;
the traditional equipment connection generally needs to use special equipment connecting wires or network equipment, but the invention only needs to input a simple and cheap BLE gateway on hardware besides the mobile terminal, no extra equipment or cables are needed, meanwhile, the mobile terminal and the cloud platform are connected through wireless communication, no network cables and complex equipment configuration are needed to be paved, the installation and deployment processes are greatly simplified, and the cost and the workload of field maintenance of the traditional upper computer are reduced;
when the mobile terminal is not on the site of the power distribution cabinet equipment, the power distribution cabinet equipment is disconnected with the cloud platform, so that the risk of attack or invasion of the power distribution cabinet equipment is reduced, and the safety of the power distribution cabinet equipment is further improved; meanwhile, when the mobile terminal is in an offline state, data on the power distribution cabinet equipment cannot be transmitted to the cloud platform, sensitive data of the power distribution cabinet equipment are better protected, the risk of data leakage or theft is reduced, at the moment, a remote attacker cannot be connected with the power distribution cabinet equipment through network communication, and the risk of the power distribution cabinet equipment being attacked remotely is reduced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate and explain the embodiments and together with the description serve to explain the embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a remote operation and maintenance system of a power distribution cabinet device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a remote operation and maintenance system of a power distribution cabinet device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of a remote operation and maintenance system of a power distribution cabinet device based on a bluetooth gateway according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a working schematic diagram of a remote operation and maintenance system of a power distribution cabinet device based on a bluetooth gateway in a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the bluetooth gateway according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the mobile terminal according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a flowchart of a remote operation and maintenance method of a power distribution cabinet device based on a bluetooth gateway in a second embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
In the present invention, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "side", "bottom", etc. refer to an orientation or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, and are merely relational terms, which are used for convenience in describing structural relationships of various components or elements of the present invention, and do not denote any one of the components or elements of the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, terms such as "fixedly attached," "connected," "coupled," and the like are to be construed broadly and refer to either a fixed connection or an integral or removable connection; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the terms in the present invention can be determined according to circumstances by those skilled in the art or relevant scientific research and is not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Embodiments of the invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention introduces a remote operation and maintenance system of power distribution cabinet equipment based on a Bluetooth gateway.
An existing remote operation and maintenance system for power distribution cabinet equipment as shown in fig. 1, wherein 102 is a power distribution cabinet of a traditional power system, for example, an MNS type low-voltage switch cabinet, a KYN middle-placed high-voltage switch cabinet and the like, intelligent digital meters 104 and 106 with communication interfaces (such as RS485 Modbus RTU) are installed on the power distribution cabinet, for example, a multifunctional intelligent meter is used for monitoring parameters of current, voltage, frequency, active power, reactive power and the like, or a microcomputer comprehensive protection device is provided with functions of controlling, monitoring, protecting and the like of a breaker in the switch cabinet, and protecting electrical equipment from faults such as overload, short circuit, leakage and the like.
Generally, the power distribution cabinet 102 is installed in a special machine room 100, and a technician or attendant 108 on the user side needs to enter the machine room 100 before the power distribution cabinet can manually operate according to the specifications of the intelligent digital instruments 104,106 to monitor the power distribution cabinet. However, the conventional power distribution cabinet scheme has the following drawbacks:
(a) Information island
The intelligent meters of different factories cannot directly exchange data, so that each meter can only independently provide own data and cannot acquire information of other meters.
(b) Data redundancy
Since each meter provides its own data, the same data is repeated on different meters, resulting in a problem of data redundancy, which increases the burden of data processing and storage.
(c) Data inconsistency
Because intelligent meters of different manufacturers adopt different data formats and units, the problem of inconsistent data can be caused. This presents difficulties in the analysis and comparison of the data, reducing the reliability and accuracy of the data.
(d) Lack of remote monitoring function
The traditional power distribution cabinet is usually only a simple electric equipment and instrument set, lacks functions of network connection and remote monitoring, cannot monitor the state and the running condition of the power distribution cabinet in real time in a remote mode, and needs to be manually carried to the site for operation and monitoring.
An existing improved remote operation and maintenance system for power distribution cabinet equipment as shown in fig. 2 is partially improved against the drawbacks of the scheme shown in fig. 1. The computer 200 is connected to the intelligent digital meters 104,106 on the power distribution cabinet 102 through a communication bus or network 206 (e.g., an RS485 network) by using an adapter 204 (e.g., a USB-RS485 adapter), the computer 200 and the application 202 constitute a so-called upper computer system, and a technician or attendant 108 on the user side monitors all parameters through the upper computer system.
Generally, after the traditional power distribution cabinet is installed on site, the user side finds a third party company to develop an upper computer system so as to make up for the defect of the scheme of fig. 1. The power distribution cabinet 102 is located in the same machine room 100 as the host computer. The upper computer system provides a unified monitoring and management platform through data communication (for example, modbus RTU protocol) with the intelligent instruments, so that a plurality of intelligent instruments are managed in a centralized manner, and the burden of learning and adapting to a plurality of different human-computer interfaces of operators is reduced. The following drawbacks still exist:
(a) Increasing the cost
Development, deployment and maintenance of the upper computer system all require certain cost, including software development and purchase of hardware devices, installation, system integration and testing. These costs are especially a burden for small and medium-sized enterprises or enterprises with limited budgets.
(b) System complexity and compatibility issues
The upper computer system needs to communicate with the traditional power distribution cabinet and analyze and process the data of the power distribution cabinet. The intelligent meter is provided by different manufacturers, and can have different communication protocols and data formats, and compatibility problems need to be considered so as to ensure that the intelligent meter can communicate with power distribution cabinets of different models and manufacturers. The complexity and compatibility of the system coexist to increase the difficulty of development and maintenance.
(c) Dependency and reliability problems
The possibility of failure of the host computer system exists, including hardware failures (hosts, displays, printers, etc.), software problems (operating systems, applications, databases, etc.), network problems, configuration errors, human errors, etc. In order to reduce the possibility of faults, reliable hardware equipment and stable software application programs are required to be selected for correct system configuration, and maintenance and monitoring are carried out regularly so as to prevent the faults of the upper computer system from affecting the normal operation of the power distribution cabinet.
(d) Limited to local environments
The upper computer system does not depend on cloud service or Internet connection, but is connected to equipment through a local network or directly for data acquisition, control and monitoring, a user cannot monitor and manage the equipment at any time and any place through a cloud platform or a remote access mode, and the system does not have real remote monitoring capability. In addition, under the normal operation condition of the electric control cabinet, most of the time is unattended, which means that no personnel need to monitor and operate the electric control cabinet in real time on site all the time. In this case, the meaning and demand of the upper computer system on line is not great all the time.
Based on this, this embodiment designs a remote operation and maintenance system of a power distribution cabinet device based on a bluetooth gateway as shown in fig. 3, where intelligent digital meters 104,106 on the power distribution cabinet 102 are connected with a BLE gateway 300 through a bus or a network 206, a bluetooth BLE module is designed inside the BLE gateway, when a technician or a attendant 108 on the user side holds a mobile terminal 302 near or enters a machine room 100, a mobile terminal APP304 (generally supporting an apple IOS and an android system) is installed and operated on the mobile terminal 302, the mobile terminal APP and the BLE gateway 300 communicate with each other through a bluetooth BLE protocol, and exchange data, which are monitoring data related to the intelligent digital meters 104,106, generally classified into historical data and real-time data, and the communication distance between the BLE gateway and the mobile terminal is generally between several meters and tens of meters, which depends on the comprehensive influence of factors such as BLE version, environmental conditions, and power intensity of the device. The mobile terminal APP304 stores and presents data on the mobile terminal 302, and at the same time, the data is uploaded to the cloud application 306 by using the network function (such as WIFI or data traffic) of the mobile terminal 302, and other people 308 access the cloud application 306 through the application 310, where the application 310 includes a desktop PC client application 312 and a mobile terminal APP application 314. The cloud application 306 has functions of real-time monitoring, remote control, fault early warning and other conventional functions, performs statistics, analysis and modeling on data of the low-voltage power distribution cabinet, provides historical data and trend storage and presentation of running states, performs AI (artificial intelligence) analysis and optimization on the data, and is beneficial to operation and maintenance personnel to know the working condition of the power distribution cabinet and perform optimization adjustment, so that the energy utilization efficiency and the service life of equipment are improved.
Compared with the existing and improved technologies described in fig. 1 and 2, the remote operation and maintenance system for the power distribution cabinet equipment based on the bluetooth gateway provided in the embodiment has the following advantages:
(a) Convenient to carry and operate
The mobile terminal is used as a central device, can be carried about, and is convenient for device connection and operation. The user can monitor and control the equipment through the mobile terminal APP, so that the portability and operability of the equipment are improved.
(b) Simplifying device connections
The traditional equipment connection generally needs to use a special equipment connection line or network equipment, but in the embodiment, besides the mobile terminal, only a simple and cheap BLE gateway is put into hardware, no extra equipment or cables are needed, and the connection cloud end also utilizes the network function of the mobile terminal, so that the equipment connection process is simplified, and the input and maintenance of hardware cost are reduced.
(c) Cloud connection and remote control
Through the networking function of the mobile terminal, the equipment can be connected to the cloud end, and remote monitoring is achieved.
(d) High safety
When the mobile terminal is not on site or is not connected with the equipment, the equipment is isolated from an external network, so that the risk of attack or invasion of the equipment is reduced, and the safety of the equipment is improved. Furthermore, in an offline state, the data on the equipment cannot be transmitted to a cloud or other networks, so that the sensitive data of the equipment can be better protected, and the risk of data leakage or theft is reduced. In addition, when the device is in an offline state, a remote attacker cannot access the device through the network, so that the risk of the device being attacked remotely is reduced.
(e) Convenient installation, deployment and maintenance
Only one BLE gateway needs to be integrated in the electric control cabinet, and a specific application program and a cloud application program are designed on the mobile terminal. Compared with the traditional wired connection mode, network cables and complex equipment configuration are not required to be paved, and the installation and deployment processes are greatly simplified. The mobile terminal application program can be installed and updated through the application store, and the user only needs to download the update in the mobile terminal application store. In addition, the cloud application program can be remotely monitored and maintained, and compared with the scheme of FIG. 2, the cost and workload of the upper computer for field maintenance are reduced.
In this embodiment, the mobile terminal uses a mobile phone as an example, and a detailed description will be developed.
The working principle of the remote operation and maintenance system of the power distribution cabinet equipment based on the Bluetooth gateway is shown in fig. 4; the intelligent device 400, the BLE gateway 402, 404, the mobile phone APP, and the cloud service 406, where the intelligent device 400, also called an intelligent meter, is a device in the power distribution cabinet, and is used to monitor and record electric energy parameters such as current, voltage, power, and the like, and transmit these data to the BLE gateway 402 through a communication interface and a protocol.
The BLE gateway 402 is a device, preferably installed in a power distribution cabinet, and is configured to receive data transmitted by the smart device 400, and forward the data to the mobile phone 404 and the APP, where the BLE gateway communicates with the mobile phone through bluetooth BLE technology. 404 a handset APP is a specific application installed on the user's handset through which the user can communicate with BLE gateway 402. The handset establishes a connection with the BLE gateway via BLE protocol and receives data and parameters from the smart device 400. The APP on the cell phone can display the power parameters, provide remote control functions, and interact with the cloud application 406.
Cloud application 406 is an application deployed on a cloud server, and is configured to receive data transmitted from a 404 mobile phone and an APP, and perform data processing, storage, analysis, and presentation. The processing flow among the key components comprises the following steps: when the intelligent device 400 and the BLE gateway 402 communicate with each other, for example, an RS485 bus Modbus RTU protocol is adopted, and RS485 is a common serial communication standard, so that communication between multiple devices can be realized. Modbus RTU is a serial communication protocol in which data is packaged in bytes, containing information such as device address, function code, data content, and verification. Wherein, BLE gateway 402 is a Modbus RTU master device, and intelligent device 400 is a Modbus RTU slave device.
The BLE gateway 402 sends a data request 408 to the smart device 400, which, upon receipt by the smart device 400, generates, for example, power parameter data and encapsulates it into Modbus RTU format, which is sent by the request feedback 410 to the BLE gateway 402. Updating the service/feature value 412 may be accomplished by parsing the received data, parsing the Modbus RTU format data into readable data such as power parameters, etc., mapping the data into corresponding GATT (Generic Attribute Profile) service and feature values, optionally mapping each data into a service and feature value, or alternatively mapping multiple data into a service and feature value, assigning each service and feature value a unique UUID (Universally Unique Identifier) as an identifier, optionally defining attributes (characterics) of each service and feature value, optionally for reading, writing, notification, etc., according to specific application requirements and data structures.
In the GATT role relationship, a BLE Server (Server) is implemented in the gateway 402, a BLE Client (Client) is implemented in the 404 mobile APP, the broadcast data 416 is sent periodically in the BLE gateway 402, and the broadcast packet is sent in the broadcast range, which includes information such as a device name, a service UUID, etc., so that the 404 mobile APP can identify and connect. The timing scan BLE device 414 in the 404 handset APP performs a search for surrounding connectable bluetooth devices in order to search for an available BLE gateway 402. When the APP selects a gateway to connect to based on the information in the broadcast packet, and sends a connection request 418.
When the gateway receives a connection request of the APP, a BLE connection 420 between the two is established. Once the two are in a connected state, the APP can send an instruction to the blue gateway through the read/write service/feature value 422, request data or control equipment, perform corresponding processing after the gateway receives the instruction, and return the result to the APP. The cloud end docking 424 completes 404 data interaction between the mobile phone APP and the cloud end service 406, the mobile phone APP can display, for example, electric energy parameters on the mobile phone, and transmits the data to the cloud end server through the cloud end application, after receiving the data, the cloud end application processes, stores and analyzes the data, provides corresponding functions and services, such as real-time data display, historical data analysis, alarm notification and the like, and the cloud end application can also send instructions to the mobile phone APP, so that intelligent instrument data in the power distribution cabinet can be transmitted to the mobile phone APP in real time, and the data can be processed and managed through the cloud end application, so that the remote monitoring function of the power distribution cabinet is realized.
The working principle of the bluetooth gateway is as shown in fig. 5, including:
step 500: and sending broadcast data at regular time, wherein the BLE gateway role is GATT Server, and informing the existence of the mobile phone APP gateway and the provided service through the regular broadcast data.
The broadcast packet data structure generally comprises a broadcast packet type, a broadcast address and broadcast data, and when in implementation, the broadcast data needs to be considered seriously, and comprises information such as a BLE gateway name, a service UUID and the like, so as to inform the characteristics of the mobile phone APP gateway and the provided service. The design of the timing broadcasting interval needs to be weighted and adjusted according to specific application requirements, and factors such as low power consumption, broadcasting range, instantaneity and the like are comprehensively considered in the design, generally, the power consumption can be saved by a longer broadcasting interval, but the broadcasting coverage range and the instantaneity of data can be reduced; while shorter broadcast intervals may increase broadcast coverage and data real-time, but may increase power consumption.
Step 502: the BLE gateway initiates and listens for connection requests and typically waits for a GATT Client connection request on a designated bluetooth channel. If there is a connection request, go to step 510, otherwise go to step 504;
step 504: parameters and data, such as current, voltage, power and the like, inside each intelligent instrument on the network are read through a Modbus RTU communication protocol. Typically, data is packaged in bytes, containing information such as device address, function code, data content, and verification;
step 506: the BLE gateway analyzes and processes the received data, and analyzes the Modbus RTU format data into readable electric energy parameter data;
step 508: storing historical data, wherein the data needs to be temporarily stored in a gateway and a time stamp is added to related data because BLE connection is not established with the mobile phone APP at the moment; the method ensures that the occurrence time of data can be accurately acquired when the mobile phone APP is connected. In practice, the gateway device may use an internal real time clock RTC or other time synchronization mechanism to generate the timestamp; after completion, jumping to step 500;
step 510: when the gateway receives a connection request, a connection response is sent to the mobile phone APP, and the connection request is accepted. After BLE establishes connection, stopping sending broadcast data, and enabling the gateway and the mobile phone APP to exchange data according to BLE GATT specifications;
step 512: to ensure security, it is necessary to design a security mechanism to check whether the mobile APP is an authorized user, considering the use of a simple authentication protocol, such as password-based authentication, e.g. PIN code or password, etc.;
step 514: pass to step 516 through authentication, otherwise pass to step 500;
step 516: judging whether the historical data synchronization is completed or not, and not completing the step 518, otherwise, turning to the step 520;
step 518: each piece of offline data may be mapped to a service or feature value, or a plurality of pieces of offline data may be mapped to a service or feature value, depending on the structure and requirements of the data, with the historical data stored in step 508. And analyzing and grouping the offline data according to the required structure and format, mapping each group of offline data into a GATT service, and distributing a UUID for the service. In each service, each piece of offline data is mapped to a GATT eigenvalue, and a UUID is assigned to the eigenvalue. Attributes of the feature values, such as read, write, and notify, are defined according to the data type and requirements. In addition, the offline data is multiple and has a time stamp, and each offline data may be assigned a sequence number and mapped to a fixed characteristic value.
Step 520: the processing is the same as step 504, and will not be described in detail here;
step 522: the processing is the same as step 506, and will not be described in detail here;
step 524: unlike step 518, which processes real-time data, the data processed in steps 520 and 522 may be mapped to a service or feature value or multiple pieces of data may be mapped to a service or feature value, depending on the structure and requirements of the data.
Step 526: detecting whether the Bluetooth connection is disconnected, and if the Bluetooth connection is not disconnected, going to step 520, performing the next normal real-time data monitoring cycle, otherwise, going to step 500, waiting for reconnection of the mobile phone APP or communication restoration. The reasons for the disconnection of the bluetooth connection are numerous, such as exceeding the BLE communication range, signal interference, equipment failure or manual disconnection by the user.
The working principle of the mobile terminal is as shown in fig. 6, and the mobile terminal comprises:
step 600: the method comprises the steps of regularly scanning a BLE gateway list, wherein in the scanning process, a mobile phone APP receives broadcast information of surrounding connectable BLE gateways, the broadcast information comprises names, MAC (Media Access Control Address) addresses, signal strength and the like of equipment, scanning frequency and duration are considered during design, and the scanning BLE gateway list needs to consume battery resources of the mobile phone, so that the scanning frequency and duration need to be set reasonably to balance power consumption and user experience.
Step 602: judging whether a connectable gateway exists, if yes, turning to step 604, otherwise turning to step 600 to continue circulation;
step 604: the gateway to be connected can be selected automatically by a program or manually through a UI human-computer interface of the APP, and the selection is based on the equipment identification of the BLE gateway. The BLE gateway device identification is a unique identifier of the gateway, which may be a string or number, and some mechanism may be employed during design and implementation to ensure the device identification is unique, for example using a globally unique identifier (UUID) or other identification generation algorithm.
Step 606: requesting a connection, initiating a connection request with a device address or other unique identifier of the BLE gateway;
step 608: establishing a connection for transmitting data between a client and a server;
step 610: judging whether the historical data synchronization is completed, completing the step 614, otherwise, turning to the step 612;
step 612: history data service/feature value processing, in conjunction with step 518 in fig. 5, extracts the history data piece by piece, and stores the history data in a database or a text file;
step 614: the newly added historical data is uploaded to the cloud, the data processed in the step 612 are packaged into a proper data format, such as JSON, XML and the like, so that analysis and processing can be conveniently performed on the cloud, and the structure and the field of the data can be defined according to the requirements of cloud services. The mobile phone is connected to the cloud service by utilizing the Internet connection function of the mobile phone, optionally using protocols such as HTTP, MQTT and the like;
step 616: detecting whether the Bluetooth connection is disconnected, and if not, turning to step 618 for real-time data processing, otherwise, ending the program; the reason for the disconnection of the bluetooth connection may refer to step 526 in fig. 5;
step 618: reading, storing and presenting the real-time data characteristic values;
step 620: similar to step 614, except that the real-time data read and processed in step 618 is docked to the cloud application; after completion, go to step 616 for the next cycle.
According to the embodiment, the BLE gateway is designed in the traditional power distribution cabinet and is used for communicating with intelligent instrument equipment in the power distribution cabinet, collected data are transmitted to the mobile terminal through the Bluetooth gateway, the mobile terminal receives the data transmitted by the Bluetooth gateway and performs real-time display, data analysis and alarm processing, and a user can conveniently check all intelligent instrument data and parameters on the power distribution cabinet through the mobile terminal. Meanwhile, the mobile terminal transmits data to the cloud platform by utilizing the network function of the mobile terminal, and the cloud platform can carry out historical record, trend analysis and prediction on the data of the power distribution cabinet, so that deeper data analysis and decision support are provided. The embodiment can realize real-time monitoring, remote control and data analysis on the power distribution cabinet equipment, improves the safety, reliability and efficiency of a power distribution system, and has the advantages of convenience in carrying and operation, simplification of equipment connection, cloud connection and remote control, high safety, convenience in installation, deployment and maintenance, low comprehensive cost and the like.
Example two
The second embodiment of the invention introduces a remote operation and maintenance system of power distribution cabinet equipment based on a Bluetooth gateway.
The remote operation and maintenance method for the power distribution cabinet equipment based on the Bluetooth gateway as shown in fig. 7 comprises the following steps:
acquiring real-time operation data of power distribution cabinet equipment;
when the first Bluetooth device and the second Bluetooth device are in a Bluetooth sharing mode, the mobile terminal receives real-time operation data of the power distribution cabinet device;
when communication connection is established between the mobile terminal and the cloud platform, the mobile terminal transmits the received operation data to the cloud platform for processing, storing and analyzing the operation data;
and the cloud platform transmits the analyzed operation data to the mobile terminal, and the power distribution cabinet equipment is remotely controlled based on the mobile terminal, so that the remote operation and maintenance of the power distribution cabinet equipment are realized.
As one or more embodiments, the remote operation and maintenance of the power distribution cabinet equipment needs to simultaneously satisfy:
the first Bluetooth device and the second Bluetooth device are in a Bluetooth sharing mode;
and establishing communication connection between the mobile terminal and the cloud platform.
The specific working principle is the same as that of the power distribution cabinet equipment remote operation and maintenance system based on the Bluetooth gateway provided in the first embodiment, and is not described herein again.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present embodiment, and is not intended to limit the present embodiment, and various modifications and variations can be made to the present embodiment by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present embodiment should be included in the protection scope of the present embodiment.
Claims (10)
1. A power distribution cabinet equipment remote operation and maintenance system based on a Bluetooth gateway is characterized by comprising power distribution cabinet equipment, the Bluetooth gateway, a mobile terminal and a cloud platform; the Bluetooth gateway comprises first Bluetooth equipment arranged on the power distribution cabinet equipment and second Bluetooth equipment arranged on the mobile terminal, and the mobile terminal is in communication connection with the cloud platform; when the first Bluetooth device and the second Bluetooth device are in a Bluetooth sharing mode and the mobile terminal and the cloud platform are in communication connection, the mobile terminal receives real-time operation data of the power distribution cabinet device, the mobile terminal transmits the received operation data to the cloud platform, the cloud platform processes, stores and analyzes the operation data, and the mobile terminal carries out remote control on the power distribution cabinet device after receiving the analyzed operation data.
2. A bluetooth gateway-based remote operation and maintenance system for a power distribution cabinet device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said mobile terminal is unable to receive and acquire real-time operation data of said power distribution cabinet device when said first bluetooth device and said second bluetooth device are not in a bluetooth sharing mode.
3. A bluetooth gateway-based remote operation and maintenance system for a power distribution cabinet device as claimed in claim 2, wherein if there is a communication connection between the mobile terminal and the cloud platform, the mobile terminal receives historical operation data of the power distribution cabinet device stored on the cloud platform, and based on the mobile terminal viewing the historical operation state of the power distribution cabinet device, real-time remote control fails.
4. The remote operation and maintenance system of power distribution cabinet equipment based on a Bluetooth gateway as claimed in claim 2, wherein when the first Bluetooth equipment and the second Bluetooth equipment are in a Bluetooth sharing mode and the mobile terminal and the cloud platform cannot establish communication connection, the mobile terminal receives real-time operation data of the power distribution cabinet equipment, and the real-time operation state of the power distribution cabinet equipment is checked based on the mobile terminal; the cloud platform cannot receive and process real-time operation data of the power distribution cabinet equipment, and the mobile terminal cannot remotely control the power distribution cabinet equipment.
5. A bluetooth gateway-based remote operation and maintenance system for a power distribution cabinet device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the condition that the first bluetooth device and the second bluetooth device are in bluetooth sharing mode is: the distance between the power distribution cabinet equipment and the mobile terminal is within a preset Bluetooth transmission distance, and the first Bluetooth equipment and the second Bluetooth equipment all adopt the same Bluetooth transmission protocol.
6. A bluetooth gateway-based remote operation and maintenance system for a power distribution cabinet device according to claim 5, wherein the first bluetooth device sends a broadcast message with bluetooth transmission protocol information supported by the first bluetooth device built in the broadcast message through a network, and sends a data communication connection request to the second bluetooth device according to the bluetooth transmission protocol information.
7. A remote operation and maintenance system for a power distribution cabinet device based on a bluetooth gateway as claimed in claim 6, wherein the second bluetooth device receives the data communication connection request sent by the first bluetooth device, the second bluetooth device feeds back the received data communication connection request, and when the second bluetooth device and the first bluetooth device satisfy the bluetooth sharing mode, the first bluetooth device establishes a data communication connection with the second bluetooth device based on the mobile terminal confirming the data communication connection request, and real-time operation data of the power distribution cabinet device is transmitted to the mobile terminal.
8. A remote operation and maintenance system for a power distribution cabinet device based on a bluetooth gateway as claimed in claim 7, wherein in the process of confirming the data communication connection request based on the mobile terminal, it is determined whether the data communication connection request received by the mobile terminal is in accordance with the broadcast message sent by the first bluetooth device, if yes, connection is confirmed, otherwise, connection is not connected.
9. A bluetooth gateway-based remote operation and maintenance method for power distribution cabinet equipment, which adopts the bluetooth gateway-based remote operation and maintenance system for power distribution cabinet equipment according to any one of claims 1-8, and is characterized by comprising:
acquiring real-time operation data of power distribution cabinet equipment;
when the first Bluetooth device and the second Bluetooth device are in a Bluetooth sharing mode, the mobile terminal receives real-time operation data of the power distribution cabinet device;
when communication connection is established between the mobile terminal and the cloud platform, the mobile terminal transmits the received operation data to the cloud platform for processing, storing and analyzing the operation data;
and the cloud platform transmits the analyzed operation data to the mobile terminal, and the power distribution cabinet equipment is remotely controlled based on the mobile terminal, so that the remote operation and maintenance of the power distribution cabinet equipment are realized.
10. The bluetooth gateway-based power distribution cabinet device remote operation and maintenance method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the remote operation and maintenance of the power distribution cabinet device simultaneously satisfies:
the first Bluetooth device and the second Bluetooth device are in a Bluetooth sharing mode;
and establishing communication connection between the mobile terminal and the cloud platform.
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| CN202311307892.5A CN117319444A (en) | 2023-10-10 | 2023-10-10 | Remote operation and maintenance system and method for power distribution cabinet equipment based on Bluetooth gateway |
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