CN117314741A - Green screen background matting method, device and equipment and readable storage medium - Google Patents
Green screen background matting method, device and equipment and readable storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a green screen background matting method, device and equipment and a readable storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of image processing. The method comprises the following steps: normalizing the RGB value of each pixel point in the image to be scratched to obtain a first numerical value; normalizing RGB values of each pixel point in a background image of the image to be scratched to obtain a second value; determining the similarity of each pixel point according to the first numerical value and the second numerical value; determining the gray value of each pixel point according to the similarity; determining a brightness ratio according to brightness values of each pixel point in the image to be scratched and the background image; determining each pixel point as a background pixel, a foreground pixel or a mixed pixel according to the gray value and the brightness ratio; creating a scratched image; and assigning RGB values and transparency in the scratched image for the pixel points which are determined to be background pixels, foreground pixels or mixed pixels. The invention solves the problem that the original background pixel color is attached around the image after the green screen background is scratched.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of image processing, and particularly relates to a green screen background matting method, a device, equipment and a readable storage medium.
Background
Video recording and making with a green curtain or a blue curtain as a background are frequently used in video making, and images of foreground objects are left by matting out the green curtain or the blue curtain; and then superposing the foreground object and any other background to obtain various virtual scene effects. The technology can greatly reduce the manufacturing cost, but the current common matting method often leaves green edges or green residual marks when processing the edges of foreground objects and semitransparent areas, and the scratched edges of the objects are not clear enough.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a green screen background matting method, a device, equipment and a readable storage medium.
The aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the first aspect of the invention provides a green screen background matting method, which comprises the following steps:
carrying out normalization processing on RGB values of each pixel point in the image to be scratched to obtain a first numerical value;
carrying out normalization processing on RGB values of each pixel point in a background image of the image to be scratched to obtain a second value;
determining the similarity of each pixel point according to the first numerical value and the second numerical value;
determining the gray value of each pixel point according to the similarity;
determining the brightness ratio of each pixel point according to the brightness value of the pixel point in the image to be scratched and the background image;
determining each pixel point as a background pixel, a foreground pixel or a mixed pixel according to the gray value and the brightness ratio;
creating a scratched image with the same size as the image to be scratched;
setting RGB values in the scratched image of each pixel point determined as a background pixel to be (0, 0), and setting transparency to 255;
setting the RGB value of each pixel point determined as a foreground pixel in the image after matting as the RGB value of the pixel point in the image to be matting, and setting the transparency as 255;
the RGB value of each pixel point determined as a mixed pixel in the image after matting is set to the RGB value of the nearest pixel point determined as a foreground pixel in the image to be matting, and the transparency is set to 255.
Further, the calculation formula of the first numerical value is:
(rn,gn,bn) =(r,g,b)/sqrt(r*r+g*g+b*b)
wherein, (rn, gn, bn) represents a first numerical value, sqrt represents a square root function, (r, g, b) represents an RGB value of a certain pixel point in the image to be scratched, and r, g, b represents three components of the RGB value of the certain pixel point in the image to be scratched;
the calculation formula of the second numerical value is as follows:
(rbn,gbn,bbn) =(rb,gb,bb)/sqrt(rb*rb+gb*gb+bb*bb)
where, (rbn, gbn, bbn) denotes a second numerical value, sqrt denotes a square root function, (rb, gb, bb) denotes an RGB value of a certain pixel in the background image, rb, gb, bb denotes three components of the RGB value of the certain pixel in the background image;
for the pixel point with RGB value (0, 0), the normalized first value and the normalized second value are (0.577,0.577,0.577).
Further, the similarity calculation formula of the pixel points is:
sc=rbn*rn+ gbn*gn + bbn*bn
where sc represents the similarity of a certain pixel point, (rn, gn, bn) represents a first value, and (rbn, gbn, bbn) represents a second value.
Further, the calculation formula of the brightness ratio of the pixel point is as follows:
sl=sqrt(r*r+g*g+b*b)/sqrt(rb*rb+gb*gb+bb*bb)。
where sl represents the luminance ratio of a certain pixel point, sqrt represents a square root function, (r, g, b) represents the RGB value of a certain pixel point in the image to be scratched, and (rb, gb, bb) represents the RGB value of a certain pixel point in the background image.
Further, determining the gray value of each pixel according to the similarity includes:
multiplying the similarity of each pixel point by 255 to obtain the gray value of the pixel point.
Further, determining each pixel point as a background pixel, a foreground pixel or a mixed pixel according to the gray value and the brightness ratio comprises:
determining a pixel point with the gray value larger than a first threshold value and the brightness ratio larger than a second threshold value as a background pixel;
determining the pixel points with gray values larger than a third threshold value and smaller than or equal to a first threshold value and brightness ratios larger than a second threshold value as mixed pixels;
all the pixel points except the pixel points determined as the background pixel and the mixed pixel are determined as the foreground pixel.
Further, the green curtain background matting method further comprises the following steps:
setting RGB values of discrete background points in the scratched image as RGB values of the pixel points which are closest to the RGB values and are determined to be foreground pixels in the image to be scratched, and setting the transparency as 255; the discrete background points are pixels with different GRB values (0, 0) and transparency equal to 255 of the surrounding adjacent six pixels.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a green screen background matting apparatus comprising:
the first normalization module is used for carrying out normalization processing on the RGB value of each pixel point in the image to be scratched to obtain a first numerical value;
the second normalization module is used for carrying out normalization processing on RGB values of each pixel point in a background image of the image to be scratched to obtain a second numerical value;
the similarity calculation module is used for determining the similarity of each pixel point according to the first numerical value and the second numerical value;
the gray value calculation module is used for determining the gray value of each pixel point according to the similarity;
the brightness ratio calculation module is used for determining the brightness ratio of each pixel point according to the brightness value of the pixel point in the image to be scratched and the background image;
the pixel point dividing module is used for determining each pixel point as a background pixel, a foreground pixel or a mixed pixel according to the gray value and the brightness ratio;
the image creating module is used for creating a scratched image with the same size as the image to be scratched;
the first pixel point assignment module is used for setting RGB values in the scratched image of each pixel point which is determined to be a background pixel to be (0, 0), and setting transparency to 255;
the second pixel point assignment module is used for setting the RGB value of each pixel point determined as the foreground pixel in the image after the pixel point is scratched to be the RGB value of the pixel point in the image to be scratched, and setting the transparency to 255;
and the third pixel point assignment module is used for setting the RGB value of each pixel point determined as the mixed pixel in the image after matting to be the RGB value of the nearest pixel point determined as the foreground pixel in the image to be matting, and setting the transparency to 255.
A third aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device comprising:
a memory storing execution instructions; and
and the processor executes the execution instructions stored in the memory, so that the processor executes the green curtain background matting method according to the first aspect of the invention.
A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer readable storage medium having stored therein execution instructions which when executed by a processor are adapted to carry out the method of green curtain background matting according to the first aspect of the present invention.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention effectively solves the problem that the original background pixel color is attached around the image after the image is scratched due to light rays or an image interpolation algorithm and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of green screen background matting in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a green screen background matting apparatus according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention, based on the embodiments of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the present invention provides a method, an apparatus, a device and a readable storage medium for green screen background matting:
a first aspect of this embodiment provides a green screen background matting method. As shown in fig. 1, the green screen background matting method includes steps S100 to S800.
And S100, carrying out normalization processing on RGB values (r, g, b) of each pixel point in the image to be scratched to obtain first numerical values (rn, gn, bn).
In some embodiments, the first numerical value is calculated as:
(rn,gn,bn) =(r,g,b)/sqrt(r*r+g*g+b*b)
where, (rn, gn, bn) represents a first numerical value, sqrt represents a square root function, (r, g, b) represents an RGB value of a certain pixel in the image to be scratched, and r, g, b represents three components of the RGB value of the certain pixel in the image to be scratched.
For the pixel point with RGB value (0, 0), the first value obtained after normalization processing is (0.577,0.577,0.577).
And S200, carrying out normalization processing on RGB values (rb, gb, bb) of each pixel point in a background image of the image to be scratched to obtain second values (rbn, gbn, bbn).
In some embodiments, the second numerical value is calculated as:
(rbn,gbn,bbn) =(rb,gb,bb)/sqrt(rb*rb+gb*gb+bb*bb)
where, (rbn, gbn, bbn) denotes a second numerical value, sqrt denotes a square root function, and (rb, gb, bb) denotes an RGB value of a certain pixel in the background image, rb, gb, bb denotes three components of the RGB value of the certain pixel in the background image.
For the pixel point with RGB value (0, 0), the second value obtained after normalization processing is (0.577,0.577,0.577).
And S300, determining the similarity of each pixel point according to the first numerical value and the second numerical value.
The similarity of each pixel point is the similarity of the first value and the second value of the pixel point.
In some embodiments, the similarity calculation formula of the pixel points is:
sc=rbn*rn+ gbn*gn + bbn*bn
where sc represents the similarity of a certain pixel point, (rn, gn, bn) represents a first value, and (rbn, gbn, bbn) represents a second value.
And S400, determining the gray value of each pixel point according to the similarity.
In some embodiments, determining the gray value of each pixel from the similarity includes: multiplying the similarity of each pixel point by 255 to obtain the gray value of the pixel point.
S500, determining the brightness ratio of each pixel point according to the brightness value of the pixel point in the image to be scratched and the background image.
In some embodiments, the luminance ratio calculation formula of the pixel point is:
sl=sqrt(r*r+g*g+b*b)/sqrt(rb*rb+gb*gb+bb*bb)。
where sl represents the luminance ratio of a certain pixel point, sqrt represents a square root function, (r, g, b) represents the RGB value of a certain pixel point in the image to be scratched, and (rb, gb, bb) represents the RGB value of a certain pixel point in the background image.
And S600, determining each pixel point as a background pixel, a foreground pixel or a mixed pixel according to the gray value and the brightness ratio.
In some embodiments, determining each pixel point as a background pixel, a foreground pixel, or a blended pixel based on the gray scale value and the luminance ratio value comprises:
determining a pixel point with the gray value larger than a first threshold value and the brightness ratio larger than a second threshold value as a background pixel;
determining the pixel points with gray values larger than a third threshold value and smaller than or equal to a first threshold value and brightness ratios larger than a second threshold value as mixed pixels;
all the pixel points except the pixel points determined as the background pixel and the mixed pixel are determined as the foreground pixel.
For example, the first threshold is 250, the second threshold is 0.5, and the third threshold is 230.
And S700, creating a scratched image with the same size as the image to be scratched.
S800, setting RGB values of each pixel point determined to be a background pixel in the scratched image to be (0, 0), and setting transparency to 255; setting the RGB value of each pixel point determined as a foreground pixel in the image after matting as the RGB value of the pixel point in the image to be matting, and setting the transparency as 255; the RGB value of each pixel point determined as a mixed pixel in the image after matting is set to the RGB value of the nearest pixel point determined as a foreground pixel in the image to be matting, and the transparency is set to 255.
In some embodiments, the green screen background matting method further includes: setting RGB values of discrete background points in the scratched image as RGB values of the pixel points which are closest to the RGB values and are determined to be foreground pixels in the image to be scratched, and setting the transparency as 255; the discrete background points are pixels with different GRB values (0, 0) and transparency equal to 255 of the surrounding adjacent six pixels.
A second aspect of the present embodiment provides a green screen background matting apparatus. As shown in fig. 2, the green curtain background matting device includes a first normalization module, a second normalization module, a similarity calculation module, a gray value calculation module, a brightness ratio calculation module, a pixel point division module, an image creation module, a first pixel point assignment module, a second pixel point assignment module, and a third pixel point assignment module.
The first normalization module is used for carrying out normalization processing on the RGB value of each pixel point in the image to be scratched to obtain a first numerical value.
And the second normalization module is used for carrying out normalization processing on the RGB value of each pixel point in the background image of the image to be scratched to obtain a second numerical value.
And the similarity calculation module is used for determining the similarity of each pixel point according to the first numerical value and the second numerical value.
And the gray value calculation module is used for determining the gray value of each pixel point according to the similarity.
And the brightness ratio calculation module is used for determining the brightness ratio of each pixel point according to the brightness value of the pixel point in the image to be scratched and the background image.
And the pixel point dividing module is used for determining each pixel point as a background pixel, a foreground pixel or a mixed pixel according to the gray value and the brightness ratio.
And the image creation module is used for creating a scratched image with the same size as the image to be scratched.
And the first pixel point assignment module is used for setting RGB values in the scratched image of each pixel point determined to be the background pixel to be (0, 0) and setting transparency to 255.
And the second pixel point assignment module is used for setting the RGB value of each pixel point determined as the foreground pixel in the image after the matting as the RGB value of the pixel point in the image to be scratched, and setting the transparency as 255.
And the third pixel point assignment module is used for setting the RGB value of each pixel point determined as the mixed pixel in the image after matting to be the RGB value of the nearest pixel point determined as the foreground pixel in the image to be matting, and setting the transparency to 255.
It should be noted that, for convenience and brevity, a person skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the specific working process of the system or apparatus described above, reference may be made to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiment, and the description will not be repeated here.
A third aspect of the present embodiment discloses an electronic device comprising a memory and a processor. The memory stores execution instructions; and the processor executes the execution instructions stored in the memory, so that the processor executes the green curtain background matting method according to the first aspect of the embodiment.
A fourth aspect of the present embodiment discloses a computer readable storage medium having stored therein execution instructions, which when executed by a processor, are configured to implement the green curtain background matting method according to the first aspect of the present embodiment.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein but is not to be construed as excluding other embodiments, but is capable of numerous other combinations, modifications and environments and is capable of modifications within the scope of the inventive concept, either as taught or as a matter of routine skill or knowledge in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The green curtain background image matting method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
carrying out normalization processing on RGB values of each pixel point in the image to be scratched to obtain a first numerical value;
carrying out normalization processing on RGB values of each pixel point in a background image of the image to be scratched to obtain a second value;
determining the similarity of each pixel point according to the first numerical value and the second numerical value;
determining the gray value of each pixel point according to the similarity;
determining the brightness ratio of each pixel point according to the brightness value of the pixel point in the image to be scratched and the background image;
determining each pixel point as a background pixel, a foreground pixel or a mixed pixel according to the gray value and the brightness ratio;
creating a scratched image with the same size as the image to be scratched;
setting RGB values in the scratched image of each pixel point determined as a background pixel to be (0, 0), and setting transparency to 255;
setting the RGB value of each pixel point determined as a foreground pixel in the image after matting as the RGB value of the pixel point in the image to be matting, and setting the transparency as 255;
the RGB value of each pixel point determined as a mixed pixel in the image after matting is set to the RGB value of the nearest pixel point determined as a foreground pixel in the image to be matting, and the transparency is set to 255.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first numerical calculation formula is:
(rn,gn,bn) =(r,g,b)/sqrt(r*r+g*g+b*b)
wherein, (rn, gn, bn) represents a first numerical value, sqrt represents a square root function, (r, g, b) represents an RGB value of a certain pixel point in the image to be scratched, and r, g, b represents three components of the RGB value of the certain pixel point in the image to be scratched;
the calculation formula of the second numerical value is as follows:
(rbn,gbn,bbn) =(rb,gb,bb)/sqrt(rb*rb+gb*gb+bb*bb)
where, (rbn, gbn, bbn) denotes a second numerical value, sqrt denotes a square root function, (rb, gb, bb) denotes an RGB value of a certain pixel in the background image, rb, gb, bb denotes three components of the RGB value of the certain pixel in the background image;
for the pixel point with RGB value (0, 0), the normalized first value and the normalized second value are (0.577,0.577,0.577).
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the similarity calculation formula of the pixel points is:
sc=rbn*rn+ gbn*gn + bbn*bn
where sc represents the similarity of a certain pixel point, (rn, gn, bn) represents a first value, and (rbn, gbn, bbn) represents a second value.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the luminance ratio calculation formula of the pixel points is:
sl=sqrt(r*r+g*g+b*b)/sqrt(rb*rb+gb*gb+bb*bb)
where sl represents the luminance ratio of a certain pixel point, sqrt represents a square root function, (r, g, b) represents the RGB value of a certain pixel point in the image to be scratched, and (rb, gb, bb) represents the RGB value of a certain pixel point in the background image.
5. A method of green screen background matting according to claim 1 characterised in that the step of determining the grey value of each pixel according to the similarity comprises:
multiplying the similarity of each pixel point by 255 to obtain the gray value of the pixel point.
6. A method of green screen background matting according to claim 1 characterised in that each pixel is determined as a background pixel, foreground pixel or blended pixel in dependence on the grey value and the luminance ratio, comprising:
determining a pixel point with the gray value larger than a first threshold value and the brightness ratio larger than a second threshold value as a background pixel;
determining the pixel points with gray values larger than a third threshold value and smaller than or equal to a first threshold value and brightness ratios larger than a second threshold value as mixed pixels;
all the pixel points except the pixel points determined as the background pixel and the mixed pixel are determined as the foreground pixel.
7. A method of green screen background matting according to claim 6 characterised in that the method further comprises:
setting RGB values of discrete background points in the scratched image as RGB values of the pixel points which are closest to the RGB values and are determined to be foreground pixels in the image to be scratched, and setting the transparency as 255; the discrete background points are pixels with different GRB values (0, 0) and transparency equal to 255 of the surrounding adjacent six pixels.
8. A green screen background matting device, comprising:
the first normalization module is used for carrying out normalization processing on the RGB value of each pixel point in the image to be scratched to obtain a first numerical value;
the second normalization module is used for carrying out normalization processing on RGB values of each pixel point in a background image of the image to be scratched to obtain a second numerical value;
the similarity calculation module is used for determining the similarity of each pixel point according to the first numerical value and the second numerical value;
the gray value calculation module is used for determining the gray value of each pixel point according to the similarity;
the brightness ratio calculation module is used for determining the brightness ratio of each pixel point according to the brightness value of the pixel point in the image to be scratched and the background image;
the pixel point dividing module is used for determining each pixel point as a background pixel, a foreground pixel or a mixed pixel according to the gray value and the brightness ratio;
the image creating module is used for creating a scratched image with the same size as the image to be scratched;
the first pixel point assignment module is used for setting RGB values in the scratched image of each pixel point which is determined to be a background pixel to be (0, 0), and setting transparency to 255;
the second pixel point assignment module is used for setting the RGB value of each pixel point determined as the foreground pixel in the image after the pixel point is scratched to be the RGB value of the pixel point in the image to be scratched, and setting the transparency to 255;
and the third pixel point assignment module is used for setting the RGB value of each pixel point determined as the mixed pixel in the image after matting to be the RGB value of the nearest pixel point determined as the foreground pixel in the image to be matting, and setting the transparency to 255.
9. An electronic device, comprising:
a memory storing execution instructions; and
a processor executing the execution instructions stored by the memory, causing the processor to perform a green curtain background matting method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer readable storage medium having stored therein execution instructions which when executed by a processor are for implementing a green curtain background matting method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
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