CN117312441B - Agricultural product yield estimation method and system based on blockchain - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a system for estimating the yield of agricultural products based on a blockchain, comprising the following steps: comprising the following steps: the first terminal acquires a yield commitment statement; the yield commitment statement includes a crop type and a planting area planted by the first end user; the second terminal acquires an audit yield statement; the audit yield statement refers to an audit result obtained by a second end user in audit of the performance of the first end user; the third terminal packages the yield commitment statement and the audit yield statement into blocks and forms a block chain for data storage; acquiring the audit yield declaration from stored blockchain data, and determining a reputation value of the first end user based on the audit yield declaration; obtaining the yield commitment statement from the stored blockchain data, the third terminal estimating a total amount of harvested agricultural product based on the reputation value and the corresponding yield commitment statement; so as to solve the problems of fluctuation of the market price of agricultural products and unbalanced supply and demand relationship.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural product prediction, in particular to a method and a system for estimating the yield of agricultural products based on a block chain.
Background
Price fluctuations of agricultural products are a serious problem for market participants to be affected by a number of factors. The main reason is the uncertainty in the estimation of agricultural yield. In fact, an efficient yield estimation method may help decision-making participants to formulate efficient and stable agricultural production and price policies. Whereas traditional and remote sensing methods, although available, yield estimates of final yields. But these methods only produce predictive results after the product sowing season, with subjectivity and hysteresis. Existing yield estimation systems are usually based on centralized empirical statistical models, and there are many hidden variables between agricultural meteorological data and crop yield, which results in limited applicability of conventional models over a wide range. Thus, by conventional methods, it is difficult for a decision maker to take the necessary precautions to formulate sustainable agricultural policies.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method and a system for estimating the yield of agricultural products based on a blockchain, which are used for solving the problems that the traditional and remote sensing observation methods cannot effectively estimate the yield of the agricultural products before sowing seasons, have limited applicability and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for estimating yield of agricultural products based on a blockchain, which comprises the following steps: the first terminal acquires a yield commitment statement; the yield commitment statement includes a crop type and a planting area planted by the first end user; the second terminal acquires an audit yield statement; the audit yield statement refers to an audit result obtained by a second end user in audit of the performance of the first end user; the third terminal packages the yield commitment statement and the audit yield statement into blocks and forms a block chain for data storage; acquiring the audit yield declaration from stored blockchain data, and determining a reputation value of the first end user based on the audit yield declaration; the yield commitment statement is obtained from the stored blockchain data, and the third terminal estimates the total amount of harvested agricultural product based on the reputation value and the corresponding yield commitment statement.
Further, the first terminal obtains a yield commitment statement, including: the first terminal starts a production intelligent contract, and judges whether the first terminal uploads the yield commitment statement in a specified time slot or not; if yes, publishing the yield promise statement in a blockchain network, and waiting for audit; if not, the third terminal updates the reputation value of the first terminal user.
Further, the updating the reputation value of the first end user includes: judging whether the first terminal user is a new registered user or not; if yes, updating the reputation value of the first terminal user to beWherein/>Is an initial reputation value of the first end user; if not, updating the reputation value of the first terminal user to R u/2; where R u is the current reputation value of the first end user.
Further, the second terminal obtains an audit yield statement, including: the yield commitment statement is published, and an audit intelligent contract is created; selecting a plurality of second end users for examination for each yield commitment statement; respectively judging whether each second terminal user submits an audit report in a specified time slot; if yes, the second terminal creates an audit report transaction and publishes the performance of the yield commitment statement on the blockchain network; if not, the reputation value of the second end user is reduced, and the substitute second end user is reselected for review.
Further, the second end user selects from the first end users and adds a position certificate in the examination result; the selecting a plurality of second terminal users for examination comprises the following steps: the audit intelligent contract takes a hash value of the last block on the block chain as input, and maps the hash value into a production interval through a hash function to obtain an audit integer; the production interval is [1, theta ], wherein theta is the total number of the first terminal users; a plurality of second end users are selected from the registered first end users based on the number of the first end users and the audit integers.
Further, the method further comprises adding the first end user, including: a first terminal user to be determined requests an authorization certificate from an agricultural institution; judging whether the first terminal user to be determined meets the necessary conditions; if yes, signing authorization is carried out, a certificate is created, and the first terminal user to be determined is newly added to the first terminal user; if not, the first terminal user to be determined is refused to be registered as the first terminal user.
Further, adding the third end user includes: a third terminal user to be determined initiates a registration request; a third terminal user appointed by the generation block initiates an intelligent contract management and a vote; the designated third terminal users respectively vote through the block chains and store voting results in the block chains; judging whether the management intelligent contract passes or not based on voting results recorded in the block chain; if yes, the third terminal user to be determined joins the system, and the third terminal user is newly added as the third terminal user; if not, the third terminal user to be determined is refused to be registered as the third terminal user.
Further, the determining the reputation value of the first end user includes: determining a performance score for the first end user based on the audit yield statement; taking an average of a plurality of the performance scores as a final performance score of the first end user; and obtaining an updated reputation value of the first end user based on the final performance score and the current reputation value.
Further, the third terminal packages the yield commitment statement and the audit yield statement into blocks and forms a blockchain for data storage, including: dividing time into a plurality of time slots, and numbering the time slots in turn according to time sequence; each of the time slots is associated with a block; each block receives and stores operations within a corresponding time slot; determining a third end user packaging the block based on the number of the block and the number of the third end user; the number of the block corresponds to the number of the time slot; wherein, for block B k, the third end user a i is determined to package, i=k mod (n+1), k represents the number of the block, N represents the total number of people of the third end user, and i represents the number of the third end user.
The invention aims to provide a yield estimation system of agricultural products based on a blockchain, which comprises an application layer, an interface layer, a service layer and a storage layer, wherein the application layer is used for acquiring and processing user data and comprises a data acquisition module, a programmable application scene, a user application module and an intelligent management module; the data acquisition module is used for data input; the programmable application scene is used for analyzing planting data; the user application module is used for enabling the first terminal user, the second terminal user and the enterprise user to access the agricultural product yield estimation system; the intelligent management module is used for collaborative authentication of a second terminal user; the interface layer is used for calling among modules and comprises an application programming interface API; the service layer is used for ensuring the safety and data processing of the service and comprises a yield data analysis module, an intelligent contract module, a safety module and a PBFT consensus module; the yield data analysis module is used for analyzing the total amount of the harvested agricultural products and sending the estimated total amount of the agricultural products to the third terminal; the intelligent contract module is used for generating intelligent contracts; the security module is used for key management, privacy protection and key authorization; the PBFT consensus module is used for realizing a Bayesian fault-tolerant method when the block is created; the storage layer user stores data, and comprises a data receiving module, a tracing module, a blockchain network and a database; the data receiving module is used for receiving registration information, authorization information, yield commitment statement and audit yield statement; the tracing module is used for data collection, data verification and data processing, acquiring the source of information from the blockchain network based on the data of the information needing tracing, and judging the authenticity of the traced information based on the source of the information; the blockchain network is used for receiving the yield commitment statement and the audit yield statement, and performing intelligent contract and identity verification; the database is used for storing data.
The technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:
The invention designs a yield estimation method and a system in an intelligent agriculture scene based on a blockchain technology, and provides a public account book of distributed, extensible, anti-examination, tamper-proof and strongly unchangeable agricultural yield data for all agricultural participants in the market by building a alliance blockchain. The bidirectional supervision of the planting process of farmers and the audit action of administrators is realized by combining discrete time slot constraint with a reputation model, the smooth execution of a yield promise mechanism is ensured, and finally the estimation of agricultural yield is realized.
The subjectivity and hysteresis of the traditional yield estimation method based on the experience statistical model on agricultural yield prediction are mainly solved. Allowing for efficient prediction of agricultural yield prior to a sowing season enables farmers to share planting plans for upcoming harvest seasons with other participants on the market. The method also enables farmers to observe the plans of other people and adjust their own investment, is beneficial to decision makers to formulate effective and stable agricultural production and price policies, and has great influence on solving the problems of fluctuation of agricultural market price, unbalance of supply and demand relations and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an exemplary flow chart of a blockchain-based agricultural yield estimation method provided by some embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exemplary schematic diagram of a blockchain-based agricultural yield estimation system provided in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exemplary flow chart for applying a produce yield estimation system provided by some embodiments of the invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
FIG. 1 is an exemplary flow chart of a blockchain-based agricultural yield estimation method provided by some embodiments of the invention. As shown in fig. 1, the flow of the blockchain-based agricultural yield estimation method includes the following:
Step 110, a first terminal acquires a yield commitment statement; the yield commitment statement includes a crop type and a planting area to be planted by the first end user.
The first end user refers to the person engaged in the production of the agricultural product. For example, the first end user may be a farmer who is a natural agricultural participant and a system user who is legally in possession of the farmland and plants the corresponding crop according to the area of land. They can take on two roles in the system: a first end user and a second end user. I.e. periodically as a first end user, announces in the system the yield commitment of the crop planted in its field. At the same time, the system can be assigned as a second end user, observe the performance of the first end user of the agriculture, and report an audit result to represent the performance rate of the first end user. The first terminal refers to a terminal used by a first terminal user. Such as smart phones, computers, etc. used by farmers.
In some embodiments, the first terminal obtaining a yield commitment statement includes: the first terminal starts a production intelligent contract, and judges whether the first terminal uploads the yield commitment statement in a specified time slot or not; if yes, publishing the yield promise statement in a blockchain network, and waiting for audit; if not, the third terminal updates the reputation value of the first terminal user.
The intelligent contract refers to an intelligent contract in a blockchain, the intelligent contract refers to a computer protocol containing automatic execution codes, and transactions and business cooperation can be carried out under the condition that a third party is not needed, so that automatic contract execution and trust are realized, interference of some intermediate links is avoided, the transaction efficiency is improved, and the transaction operation is facilitated. Production smart contracts refer to smart contracts related to production.
In some embodiments, the updating the reputation value of the first end user comprises: judging whether the first terminal user is a new registered user or not; if yes, updating the reputation value of the first terminal user to beWherein/>Is an initial reputation value of the first end user; if not, updating the reputation value of the first terminal user to R u/2; where R u is the current reputation value of the first end user.
The reputation value may be used to measure the reliability level of the first end user. For example, a first end user may be a farmer who, by looking at the reputation value of the farmer, can determine if they should consider commitments of the first end user when investing in the upcoming harvest season. On the other hand, an effective yield commitment, the system will encourage farmers to invest in accordance with the commitments accumulated on the platform. Since the commitments of farmers whose reputation scores are lower than the average reputation value will not be included in the investment plan of other farmers, the farmers will not be able to obtain the desired profits. Thus, the reputation value may enable the system to motivate the first end user to fulfill their commitments. The initial reputation value refers to the reputation value of the first end user that just registered and has not made any commitments, which is automatically granted by the system. The current reputation value refers to the reputation value obtained after the last update of the reputation value by the first end user.
Step 120, the second terminal obtains audit output declaration; the audit yield statement refers to an audit result obtained by a second end user auditing the performance of the first end user.
The second end user refers to the person who reviews the first end user. The second terminal refers to a device used by the second terminal user. In some embodiments, the second terminal obtaining an audit yield statement includes: the yield commitment statement is published, and an audit intelligent contract is created; selecting a plurality of second end users for examination for each yield commitment statement; respectively judging whether each second terminal user submits an audit report in a specified time slot; if yes, the second terminal user creates an audit report transaction and publishes the performance of the yield commitment statement on the blockchain network; if not, the reputation of the second end user is reduced, and the substitute second end user is reselected for review.
Audit smartcontracts refer to smartcontracts related to audit yield. The replacement second end user refers to the second end user that is reselected. The second end user's selection will not be able to be tampered with by the first end user.
In some embodiments, the second end user selects from the first end user and appends a location proof in the censored results; the selecting a plurality of second terminal users for examination comprises the following steps: the audit intelligent contract takes a hash value of the last block on the block chain as input, and maps the hash value into a production interval through a hash function to obtain an audit integer; the production interval is [1, theta ], wherein theta is the total number of the first terminal users; a plurality of second end users are selected from the registered first end users based on the number of the first end users and the audit integers.
The last block refers to the last block created and added by audit intelligence in the blockchain. Audit integers refer to integers used to select a second end user. In some embodiments, the audit integers may be selected by any one of a string hash function. For example APHash or ELFHash, etc. In some embodiments, the number of the first end user is 1- θ; the numbers (j-1, 1), (j, 2) and (j+1, 3) of the plurality of second end users are selected from the registered first end users, namely, the first end user with the same number as the audit integer j and the first end users adjacent to the first end user with the numbers j-1 and j+1 are selected together to be used as the second end users.
And 130, packaging the yield commitment statement and the audit yield statement into blocks by the third terminal and forming a blockchain for data storage.
The third end user is an official of an agricultural organization representing a different area or a different agricultural product category, such as a provincial agricultural authorities, a municipal agricultural association or a regional farmer organization. The third terminal refers to a device used by the third terminal user. They can take on two roles in the system: a platform and a registration authority. I.e. they are responsible for providing certificate authorities to farmers and maintaining the system platform. In addition, they can deploy and verify production smart contracts.
In some embodiments, the third terminal packages the yield commitment statement and the audit yield statement into chunks and forms a blockchain for data storage, comprising: dividing time into a plurality of time slots, and numbering the time slots in turn according to time sequence; each of the time slots is associated with a block; each block receives and stores operations within a corresponding time slot; determining a third end user packaging the block based on the number of the block and the number of the third end user; the number of the block corresponds to the number of the time slot; wherein, for block B k, the third end user a i is determined to package, i=k mod (n+1), k represents the number of the block, N represents the total number of people of the third end user, and i represents the number of the third end user.
The number of a block may be the sequence number of the slot to which the block corresponds. The number of the third end user may be determined based on the order in which the third end user is registered.
And 140, acquiring the audit yield statement from the stored blockchain data, and determining the reputation value of the first end user based on the audit yield statement.
In some embodiments, the determining the reputation value of the first end user comprises: determining a performance score for the first end user based on the audit yield statement; taking an average of a plurality of the performance scores as a final performance score of the first end user; and obtaining an updated reputation value of the first end user based on the final performance score and the current reputation value.
The performance score may be determined based on the extent to which the first end user completes his yield commitment statement. For example, the performance score may be a ratio of the total planting amount of the first end user to the planting amount in its yield commitment statement. Each second end user may determine the amount of planting of the first end user being censored based on his own experience and score it. A final performance score is then derived based on the scoring of each second end user. For example, the final performance score may be a mean of the performance scores.
In some embodiments, the expression that results in the updated reputation value for the first end user is:
Ru＝(R′ u+Pj)/2
Wherein R u is the updated reputation value; r ′ u is the reputation value before update; p j is the final performance score.
Step 150, obtaining the yield commitment statement from the stored blockchain data, wherein the third terminal estimates the total amount of harvested agricultural product based on the reputation value and the corresponding yield commitment statement.
The total amount of agricultural product refers to the predicted amount of agricultural product that can be harvested during the harvest season. In some embodiments, the expression to estimate the total amount of harvested agricultural product is:
wherein M Total (S) represents the total amount of agricultural products; θ represents the total number of first end users; Representing a reputation value of an ith first end user; m i represents the amount of crop planted as declared in the yield commitment declaration of the ith first end user.
In some embodiments, further comprising adding the first end user, comprising: a first terminal user to be determined requests an authorization certificate from an agricultural institution; judging whether the first terminal user to be determined meets the necessary conditions; if yes, signing authorization is carried out, a certificate is created, and the first terminal user to be determined is newly added to the first terminal user; if not, the first terminal user to be determined is refused to be registered as the first terminal user.
Pending first end user refers to a user requesting to join the system as the first end user. An agricultural organization may refer to an organization that processes requests to join a system as a first end user. For example, the agricultural institution may be an official of an agricultural institution in a different area or different agricultural product categories. The requisite condition may refer to a condition related to the performance of agricultural production. For example, the requirement may be that the first end-user to be determined has his/her purported farmland in the respective region.
In some embodiments, further comprising adding the third end user, comprising: a third terminal user to be determined initiates a registration request; a third terminal user appointed by the generation block initiates an intelligent contract management and a vote; the designated third terminal users respectively vote through the block chains and store voting results in the block chains; judging whether the management intelligent contract passes or not based on voting results recorded in the block chain; if yes, the third terminal user to be determined joins the system, and the third terminal user is newly added as the third terminal user; if not, the third terminal user to be determined is refused to be registered as the third terminal user.
Pending third end user may refer to a user requesting to join the system as the third end user. Managing a smart contract may refer to a smart contract for management.
FIG. 2 is an exemplary schematic diagram of a blockchain-based agricultural yield estimation system provided in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the blockchain-based agricultural yield estimation system includes an application layer, an interface layer, a service layer, and a storage layer.
The application layer is used for acquiring and processing user data and mainly carrying out data input, analysis and evaluation, management of a first terminal user, enterprise users, government official authorization and other works; the system comprises a data acquisition module, a programmable application scene, a user application module and an intelligent management module.
The data acquisition module is used for data input; the programmable application scene is used for analyzing planting data; the user application module is used for enabling the first terminal user, the second terminal user and the enterprise user to access the agricultural product yield estimation system; the intelligent management module is used for collaborative authentication of the second terminal user. The programmable application scene refers to an agricultural product yield estimation platform with functions capable of being customized and expanded in a programming mode, wherein a user of the third terminal can customize and expand the programmable application scene.
The interface layer is used for calling between modules and mainly provides a programmable AP I interface for an upper application program, and comprises an application programming interface AP I.
The service layer is used for ensuring the safety and data processing of the service and is connected with the consensus node in the alliance block chain network; the intelligent contract system comprises a yield data analysis module, an intelligent contract module, a safety module and a PBFT consensus module. The yield data analysis module is used for analyzing the total amount of the harvested agricultural products and sending the estimated total amount of the agricultural products to the third terminal; the intelligent contract module is used for generating intelligent contracts, including creating production intelligent contracts, creating audit intelligent contracts and creating management intelligent contracts; the security module is used for key management, privacy protection and key authorization; the PBFT consensus module is used for realizing the Bayesian fault tolerance method when the block is created.
The storage layer user stores data, a blockchain is used as a core, the links are used for up-chain and down-chain collaborative storage, private information of the user is stored in the upper chain after being encrypted, public transparent information such as yield promise, planting plans and the like is stored in a local relational database, and all modules are closely connected to protect data privacy together; the system comprises a data receiving module, a tracing module, a blockchain network and a database. The data receiving module is used for receiving registration information, authorization information, yield commitment statement and audit yield statement; the tracing module is used for data collection, data verification and data processing, acquiring the source of information from the blockchain network based on the data of the information needing tracing, and judging the authenticity of the traced information based on the source of the information; the blockchain network is used for receiving the yield commitment statement and the audit yield statement, and performing intelligent contract and identity verification; the database is used for storing data.
FIG. 3 is an exemplary flow chart for applying a produce yield estimation system provided by some embodiments of the invention.
System initialization, block chain network initialization.
A blockchain network, consisting of a series of blocks B 0、B1、B2, etc., where B 0 is the creation block. Each chunk contains a set of transactions and intelligent contracts created over a period of time, the hash value of the last chunk, the current timestamp, the chunk index, and the signature of all of these records. In this system, time is divided into a series of discrete units, called slots (slots), each time slot st k being associated with an integer k e {1,2,. }, each slot st k being associated with (at most) one block in the ledger. Our platform associates each third end user a i to a slot st k, and third end user a i will be responsible for creating block B k, where i = k mod (n+1), N being the integer value assigned to the last third end user.
During the creation of the block, the third end user follows the bayer fault tolerance algorithm to arrive at a complete order for executing the intelligent contracts and transactions. That is, for time period st k, third end user A i would be the primary node, while all other third end users would be backup nodes. Master node a i will form block B k with all smart contracts and transactions received during the corresponding time period and will add block B k to the ledger by executing the three-phase protocol with the hash value h of the previous block (B k -1), the current timestamp as the corresponding time period, the block index k, and the signature of all these records. The system initiates the backup third end user to continue pushing transaction generation when the primary third end user fails to generate blocks within the associated time period, so there is still security and activity in the presence of up to (n-1)/3 failures, where n is the total number of third end users.
The first end user sends a registration request to the third end user to join the system to obtain a legitimate identity.
A first end user authorized by a third end user in the system publishes its planting plan and yield commitment in the blockchain system prior to the sowing season; a group of trusted second end users are randomly selected according to a yield promise mechanism, evaluate and analyze the planting process regularly, and are published in the blockchain after signature verification.
On the other hand, the system also requires the second end user to prove that they have indeed visited the corresponding farmland and made adequate observations. In this case, the second end user may append a location proof in their report to verify that they are present in the corresponding farmland within the specified time period.
The first end user committed to abide by will be given a higher score by the reputation model so that they continue to benefit in the subsequent agricultural planting process, and the whole process of evaluation will be recorded in the blockchain system traceably and non-tamperable.
In some embodiments, the third end user may announce that a new first end user is introduced into the network as a legitimate participant by broadcasting a registration transaction. Each registration transaction includes an initial reputation value R u for the new first end user F u, which is set to 0.5. The reputation value R u of each first end user F u is updated based on its performance during each commitment period. That is, each first end user F u initiates a smart contract to announce its yield commitment, and each smart contract C j generates a score P j indicating the performance of the contract owner upon termination. The score P j produced by contract C j will be selected from the real number or symbol t in [0,1], i.e., if no second end user evaluates the contract, the score P j will be t; otherwise, the score will be the average of all the second end user reported ratios p j, k. If the score of smart contract C j is the symbol of T, the second end user will consider this commitment as an invalid commitment and will not update the reputation of the first end user based on this commitment. For example, R u is the current reputation value of the first end user F u and P j is the score obtained by the first end user, then the new reputation value will be (R u+Pj)/2. As another example, if the first end user F u has just registered and has not made any commitments, then the current reputation value R u will be the initial reputation value; otherwise, R u would be the reputation value in the last updated reputation transaction created for F u.
The system performs data statistics on the effective yield promises declared by all the first end users according to the reputation of the registered first end users to obtain yield estimation results of agricultural products, generates a final yield estimation report after the third end users reach consensus, and publishes the final yield estimation report in the blockchain network.
In some embodiments, the specific registration procedure for the first end user is as follows: when a first end user F u wants to join the system, he/she first requests a certificate from the agricultural institution where he/she is located. If he/she meets the requirements, the corresponding institution will create certificate certu by signing his/her identification F u and give certu to F u. Certificate certu demonstrates that first end user F u owns the farmland he/she claims to be in the corresponding region. The first end user F u then provides the certificate certu to one of the third end users to request registration. Third end user a i first checks the validity of the certificate by verifying certu as a valid signature of F u. The third end user assigns positive integers 1,2, … … to the first end user according to the registration order, i.e., 1 is assigned to the first end user registered in the system to efficiently randomly select the second end user from the first end users for review. After verifying certu the validity, the third end user a i first looks up the last registered transaction created in the ledger for the first end user, extracts an integer value θ from the transaction, called then assigns the integer value θ+1 to F u, and creates a registered transaction that is declared as the new first end user.
In some embodiments, the specific registration procedure for the third end user is as follows: in the system initialization phase, a set of third end users { (a i1,i1),...,(Aim,im) } will be specified in the creation block B 0, where i 1,……im is an index value for the block generation order. The system allows a new third end user within a non-initial set to register and join a new agricultural organization. When a new candidate a * applies for registration with the system, one of the existing third end users (e.g., a j) will initialize a smart contract S * to vote among all of the existing third end users to approve the application. The intelligent contract S * works as follows: each third end user a i sends his vote to the smart contract S *. For example, if he approves his meeting, send 1; otherwise, send 0. If the number of approved votes is the majority of all votes, then the smart contract S * outputs a 1; otherwise, output 0. If smart contract S * outputs 1, then third end user A j finds the last created third end user registration transaction and extracts the integer value k from the transaction. Then a j assigns the integer value k +1 to a * and creates a registration transaction that announces him/her to the network as a new third end user.
In some embodiments, the yield commitment mechanism is an intelligent contract-based yield statement that determines the first end user's intent prior to the sowing season. Namely, "X crops will be planted on Z farmland in the upcoming harvest season, the area is Y". The first end user makes this statement by initiating a smart contract. A signature corresponding to the first end user may also be attached to ensure the authenticity of the data. At the same time, the completion of the yield commitment contract is evaluated by the reputation mechanism, thereby generating a bi-directional constraint on the commitment of the first end user and the second end user.
In some embodiments, auditing the yield declarations includes: step 1: the audit intelligence contract C j will take as random input the hash h (B v) added to the last block B v on the chain and use this randomness to select a random integer j from θ, where θ is the integer assigned to the last registered first end user on the platform. Step 2: a group of second end users is selected from all registered first end users, namely audit smart contract C j will allocate three first end users θ j-1,1、θj,1、θj+1,1 as two end users for each commitment. Step 3: after allocation to the commitment, each second end user θ j,k must visit the corresponding farmland for a certain period of time and report its observations. The result will be a value p e 0,1 representing the ratio at which the first end user fulfills the yield commitment. Step 4: each second end user θ j,k will then create a reporting transaction advertising his/her performance of the commitment to the blockchain network.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A blockchain-based agricultural product yield estimation method, comprising:
the first terminal acquires a yield commitment statement; the yield commitment statement includes a crop type and a planting area planted by the first end user;
The second terminal acquires an audit yield statement; the audit yield statement refers to an audit result obtained by a second end user in audit of the performance of the first end user; the method specifically comprises the following steps: the yield commitment statement is published, and an audit intelligent contract is created; selecting a plurality of second end users for examination for each yield commitment statement; respectively judging whether each second terminal user submits an audit report in a specified time slot; if yes, the second terminal creates an audit report transaction and publishes the performance of the yield commitment statement on the blockchain network; if not, the reputation value of the second terminal user is reduced, and the second terminal user is reselected to be replaced for review; wherein the second end user selects from the first end users and appends a location proof in the inspection result; the selecting a plurality of second terminal users for examination comprises the following steps: the audit intelligent contract takes a hash value of the last block on the block chain as input, and maps the hash value into a production interval through a hash function to obtain an audit integer; the production interval is [1, theta ], wherein theta is the total number of the first terminal users; selecting a plurality of second end users from the registered first end users based on the number of the first end users and the audit integers;
The third terminal packages the yield commitment statement and the audit yield statement into blocks and forms a block chain for data storage;
Acquiring the audit yield declaration from stored blockchain data, and determining a reputation value of the first end user based on the audit yield declaration;
the yield commitment statement is obtained from the stored blockchain data, and the third terminal estimates the total amount of harvested agricultural product based on the reputation value and the corresponding yield commitment statement.
2. The blockchain-based agricultural yield estimation method of claim 1, wherein the first terminal obtains a yield commitment statement, comprising:
The first terminal starts a production intelligent contract, and judges whether the first terminal uploads the yield commitment statement in a specified time slot or not;
If yes, publishing the yield promise statement in a blockchain network, and waiting for audit;
if not, the third terminal updates the reputation value of the first terminal user.
3. The blockchain-based agricultural yield estimation method of claim 2, wherein the updating the reputation value of the first end user includes:
judging whether the first terminal user is a new registered user or not;
if yes, updating the reputation value of the first terminal user to be Wherein/>Is an initial reputation value of the first end user;
If not, updating the reputation value of the first terminal user to R u/2; where R u is the current reputation value of the first end user.
4. The blockchain-based agricultural yield estimation method of claim 1, further comprising increasing the first end user, comprising:
a first terminal user to be determined requests an authorization certificate from an agricultural institution;
judging whether the first terminal user to be determined meets the necessary conditions;
if yes, signing authorization is carried out, a certificate is created, and the first terminal user to be determined is newly added to the first terminal user;
If not, the first terminal user to be determined is refused to be registered as the first terminal user.
5. The blockchain-based agricultural yield estimation method of claim 1, further comprising adding the third end user, comprising:
A third terminal user to be determined initiates a registration request;
A third terminal user appointed by the generation block initiates an intelligent contract management and a vote; the designated third terminal users respectively vote through the block chains and store voting results in the block chains;
Judging whether the management intelligent contract passes or not based on voting results recorded in the block chain;
if yes, the third terminal user to be determined joins the system, and the third terminal user is newly added as the third terminal user;
if not, the third terminal user to be determined is refused to be registered as the third terminal user.
6. The blockchain-based agricultural yield estimation method of claim 1, wherein the determining the reputation value of the first end user comprises:
determining a performance score for the first end user based on the audit yield statement;
Taking an average of a plurality of the performance scores as a final performance score of the first end user;
And obtaining an updated reputation value of the first end user based on the final performance score and the current reputation value.
7. The blockchain-based agricultural yield estimation method of claim 1, wherein the third terminal packages the yield commitment statement and the audit yield statement into blocks and forms a blockchain for data storage, comprising:
Dividing time into a plurality of time slots, and numbering the time slots in turn according to time sequence;
each of the time slots is associated with a block; each block receives and stores operations within a corresponding time slot;
Determining a third end user packaging the block based on the number of the block and the number of the third end user; the number of the block corresponds to the number of the time slot; wherein, for block B k, the third end user a i is determined to package, i=k mod (n+1), k represents the number of the block, N represents the total number of people of the third end user, and i represents the number of the third end user.
8. An agricultural product yield estimation system applied to the blockchain-based agricultural product yield estimation method of any of claims 1-7, comprising an application layer, an interface layer, a service layer, and a storage layer,
The application layer is used for acquiring and processing user data and comprises a data acquisition module, a programmable application scene, a user application module and an intelligent management module;
The data acquisition module is used for data input; the programmable application scene is used for analyzing planting data; the user application module is used for enabling the first terminal user, the second terminal user and the enterprise user to access the agricultural product yield estimation system; the intelligent management module is used for collaborative authentication of a second terminal user;
The interface layer is used for calling among modules and comprises an application programming interface API;
the service layer is used for ensuring the safety and data processing of the service and comprises a yield data analysis module, an intelligent contract module, a safety module and a PBFT consensus module;
The yield data analysis module is used for analyzing the total amount of the harvested agricultural products and sending the estimated total amount of the agricultural products to the third terminal; the intelligent contract module is used for generating intelligent contracts; the security module is used for key management, privacy protection and key authorization; the PBFT consensus module is used for realizing a Bayesian fault-tolerant method when the block is created;
the storage layer user stores data, and comprises a data receiving module, a tracing module, a blockchain network and a database;
The data receiving module is used for receiving registration information, authorization information, yield commitment statement and audit yield statement; the tracing module is used for data collection, data verification and data processing, acquiring the source of information from the blockchain network based on the data of the information needing tracing, and judging the authenticity of the traced information based on the source of the information; the blockchain network is used for receiving the yield commitment statement and the audit yield statement, and performing intelligent contract and identity verification; the database is used for storing data.
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