CN117309484B - Deep water quality detection sampling device - Google Patents
Deep water quality detection sampling device Download PDFInfo
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- CN117309484B CN117309484B CN202311259739.XA CN202311259739A CN117309484B CN 117309484 B CN117309484 B CN 117309484B CN 202311259739 A CN202311259739 A CN 202311259739A CN 117309484 B CN117309484 B CN 117309484B
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 222
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 149
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012372 quality testing Methods 0.000 claims 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 28
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010044565 Tremor Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N2001/1031—Sampling from special places
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of water sampling, in particular to a deep water quality detection sampling device which comprises a cable and a sampling unit fixedly connected to the bottom of the cable; the sampling unit comprises a first shell and a second shell; the first shell is fixedly connected with the second shell through bolts; through setting up sampling unit and protection element, utilize the produced relative displacement of sampling unit and protection element bottoming, realize sampling unit's water collection and the deflection of support arm, thereby can keep sampling unit's stability at sampling unit sampling process, and through the setting of extension pole, after the support arm deflects, stretch out fast, and after contacting the riverbed surface, receive the reaction force on riverbed surface and stretch out and draw back, with this under the circumstances that does not change sampling unit self gesture, when adapting to the slope form riverbed, exert more stable supporting effect to the sampling unit, avoid sampling unit to turn on one's side and lift up regional silt, cause the influence to the sampling process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water sampling, and particularly relates to a deep water quality detection sampling device.
Background
Water is a source of life, is not boiled in life and production activities, and is therefore critical to the standard requirements of water quality, and water quality detection contents include chromaticity, turbidity, smell, macroscopic matter, bacterial count and the like; when water quality is detected, sampling equipment is required to collect a certain amount of water sample for later quality detection.
One Chinese patent with publication number of CN216524995U discloses a deep water sampling device for water quality detection, which comprises a sampling cylinder and a sampling port arranged on the side edge, wherein the outer side of the sampling cylinder is provided with an outer cylinder body, the inside of the outer cylinder body is provided with an inner movable cavity, the side lower end of the outer cylinder body is provided with a water inlet corresponding to the sampling port, and the inner side of the water inlet is provided with a sand filtering screen; a bottoming probe is arranged below the outer cylinder body, and a movable ejector rod is welded at the upper end of the bottoming probe; the outer side of the outer cylinder body is uniformly provided with side movable brackets, and movable shafts are arranged between the side movable brackets and the outer cylinder body; the side movable support forms a rotary structure through the movable shaft outside the outer cylinder, so that sediment lifting is reduced when bottom-touching sampling in deep water areas is realized, the bottom-touching probe is adopted to avoid contact impact between the outer cylinder and the bottom of a river bed, and simultaneously the outer cylinder is supported to avoid water inlet holes to be attached to the river bed, so that sediment is carried to block the sand screen plate while water is fed.
As described above, the device for deep water bottoming sampling is disclosed in this patent, but when the water quality of the riverbed bottoming is sampled, the flatness of the riverbed surface is difficult to ensure to be horizontal, when the device is released to the bottom of the riverbed, the fixed-length side movable column support cannot support the device on the riverbed after being synchronously unfolded, rollover can occur, and then a large amount of sediment can be generated in the dumping process, so that the sediment is filled in the sampling area of the device, and the sampling process is affected.
Therefore, the invention provides a deep water quality detection sampling device.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, at least one technical problem presented in the background art is solved.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a deep water quality detection sampling device, which comprises a cable and a sampling unit fixedly connected to the bottom of the cable; the sampling unit comprises a first shell and a second shell; the first shell is fixedly connected with the second shell through bolts; the outer top of the sampling unit is fixedly connected with a plurality of suspension arms; the bottom of the mooring rope is fixedly connected with the hanging ring at the top of the suspension arm; the inside of the sampling unit is movably connected with a water storage cylinder; the bottom of the sampling unit is fixedly connected with a bottom tip; the bottom tip is sleeved with a protection unit; the protection unit comprises an outer protection rod and a chassis; the center of the chassis slides on the bottom tip, and the outer guard bar is fixedly connected to the edge of the outer end of the chassis; the outer side of the sampling unit is rotatably connected with a supporting arm which is used for supporting the sampling unit; the support arm is internally connected with an extension rod in a sliding way.
Preferably, a first through hole is formed in one side of the bottom of the first shell, a side sealing plate is connected to the inner side of the first shell in a sliding manner corresponding to the first through hole, and the side sealing plate is used for sealing the first through hole; the two side sealing plates are symmetrically arranged, and the vertex angles of the adjacent sides of the two side sealing plates are provided with round corners; the water storage cylinder is provided with a second through hole corresponding to the first through hole, and the outer side of the water storage cylinder is fixedly connected with a retaining plate corresponding to the second through hole; the lower end of the retaining plate is of a triangular structure and is in sliding fit with the round corners on the side sealing plates.
Preferably, semicircular through holes are formed in the tops of the first shell and the second shell; the inner bottom surface of the sampling unit is fixedly connected with an inserting rod; the inserted link is sleeved with a first spring; the bottom of the water storage cylinder is provided with an inward sleeve; the first spring is fixedly connected between the sleeve and the inner bottom surface of the sampling unit; the outer guard bar is of an L-shaped structure, and a top sealing plate is fixedly connected to the top of the outer guard bar; the top sealing plate is matched with the two semicircular through holes.
Preferably, the edge of the outer end of the chassis is fixedly connected with a support arm parallel to the chassis; one end of the support arm, which is far away from the outer guard bar, is fixedly connected with a push rod parallel to the outer guard bar; the length of the outer guard bar is longer than that of the top bar; the ejector rod is in sliding fit with the inner side of the supporting arm; the ejector rod and the support arm connecting end are provided with outward protruding blocks, and the protruding blocks are arranged adjacent to the support arm.
Preferably, a connecting hole is formed in the outer side of the sampling unit, and the supporting arm is rotatably connected in the connecting hole through a shaft; a chute is formed in one outward side of the support arm, and the top of the extension rod is connected in the chute in a sliding manner; a sliding rod is fixedly connected to one end, adjacent to the top of the extension rod, of the inner top of the support arm, and the top of the extension rod is in sliding fit with the sliding rod; the sliding rod is sleeved with a fourth spring, and the fourth spring is fixedly connected between the top of the extension rod and the inner top of the supporting arm.
Preferably, a through hole is formed in one side, facing the sampling unit, of the top of the supporting arm; a clamping groove is correspondingly formed in one side, facing the sampling unit, of the top of the extension rod; the outside of the sampling unit is fixedly connected with a spring clamping block, and the spring clamping block penetrates through the through hole to be matched with the clamping groove in a clamping way.
Preferably, the surface of the bump is embedded and connected with a first magnetic block, and one side of the supporting arm adjacent to the bump is fixedly connected with a second magnetic block; the first magnetic block and the second magnetic block repel each other.
Preferably, the bottom tip is sleeved with a second spring, and the second spring is fixedly connected between the chassis and the sampling unit.
Preferably, the outer side of the first shell is fixedly connected with a sieve plate corresponding to the first through hole; the bottom of the outer guard bar corresponding to the sieve plate is connected with a connecting rod in a penetrating way; the connecting rod is rotatably connected with a roller towards one end of the sampling unit; the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with a baffle, a third spring is fixedly connected between the baffle and the outer protection rod, and the third spring is sleeved on the connecting rod.
Preferably, the outer guard bars are provided in plurality, and the annular array is arranged outside the sampling unit; the plurality of support arms are correspondingly arranged, and the annular arrays are arranged outside the sampling unit; the outer guard bars and the support arms are staggered.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. according to the deep water quality detection sampling device, the sampling unit and the protection unit are arranged, and the relative displacement generated by bottoming of the sampling unit and the protection unit is utilized to realize water body collection of the sampling unit and deflection of the support arm, so that the stability of the sampling unit can be kept in the sampling process of the sampling unit, the support arm rapidly stretches out after deflection through the arrangement of the extension rod and stretches out and draws back by the reaction force of the surface of the river bed after contacting the surface of the river bed, and therefore under the condition that the self posture of the sampling unit is not changed, a more stable supporting effect is applied to the sampling unit when the inclined river bed is adapted, and side turning of the sampling unit to lift sediment in a local area is avoided, and the sampling process is influenced.
2. According to the deep water quality detection sampling device, the outer guard bar and the ejector rod are arranged, when the protection unit and the sampling unit generate relative displacement, the bottom of the support arm can be extruded by the convex blocks to deflect the support arm, so that the deflection of the support arm is accelerated under the repulsive action of the first magnetic block and the second magnetic block, the ejector rod is used for limiting the support arm, and a fixed angle is kept, so that the support of the sampling unit is realized; and when the protection unit and the sampling unit generate relative displacement, the top sealing plate is driven by the outer protection rod to separate from the sampling unit, the water storage barrel is extruded to move downwards under the action of water pressure until the first through hole is communicated with the second through hole, and then the water storage barrel is enabled to enter water.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a first perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partial structural perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a sampling unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a sampling unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an exploded view of a sampling unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a second perspective exploded view of the sampling unit of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a perspective view of a guard unit in the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a partial perspective view of the support arm of the present invention;
in the figure: 11. a first housing; 111. a first through hole; 112. a side sealing plate; 12. a second housing; 13. a bottom tip; 14. a rod; 15. a suspension arm; 16. a water storage cylinder; 161. a second through hole; 162. a retaining plate; 17. a sieve plate; 18. a first spring; 191. a connection hole; 192. a spring clamping block; 2. an outer guard bar; 21. a second spring; 22. a top sealing plate; 23. a support arm; 24. a push rod; 25. a bump; 26. a first magnetic block; 27. a connecting rod; 271. a roller; 28. a third spring; 29. a chassis; 3. a support arm; 31. an extension rod; 32. a second magnetic block; 33. a chute; 34. a slide bar; 35. and a fourth spring.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in connection with the following detailed description in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the purpose and the effect of the invention easy to understand.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a deep water quality detection sampling device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a cable and a sampling unit fixedly connected to the bottom of the cable; the sampling unit comprises a first housing 11, a second housing 12; the first shell 11 is fixedly connected with the second shell 12 through bolts; the outer top of the sampling unit is fixedly connected with a plurality of suspension arms 15; the bottom of the mooring rope is fixedly connected with the hanging ring at the top of the suspension arm 15; the inside of the sampling unit is movably connected with a water storage cylinder 16; the bottom of the sampling unit is fixedly connected with a bottom tip 13; the bottom tip 13 is sleeved with a protection unit; the protection unit comprises an outer protection rod 2 and a chassis 29; the center of the chassis 29 slides on the bottom tip 13, and the outer guard bar 2 is fixedly connected to the edge of the outer end of the chassis 29; the outside of the sampling unit is rotatably connected with a supporting arm 3, and the supporting arm 3 is used for supporting the sampling unit; the support arm 3 is internally and slidably connected with an extension rod 31. When the water body on the surface of the river bed is sampled in the deep water area, the electronic equipment is difficult to stably operate, so that the electronic on-off sampling equipment, particularly the sampling tank, is difficult to normally operate, and therefore the mechanized sampling equipment is often used for sampling the water body, and in order to prevent the surface of the river bed from being uneven, particularly the inclined river bed, the sampling equipment cannot be stably supported on the surface of the river bed to generate side turning, so that sediment is lifted, and the sampling unit is arranged, so that the water storage cylinder 16 in the sampling unit slides downwards in an inner cavity formed by the first shell 11 and the second shell 12 by utilizing the water storage cylinder 16 in the sampling unit, the water storage cylinder 16 is converted into a communicating state from a sealing state, and external water body is pressed into the water storage cylinder 16 under the pressure effect, so that the water body in the deep water area is sampled;
when the device is in actual use, the device is hung on the water surface through a cable to be immersed in a water body, the cable is continuously released, the device is sunk to the surface of a river bed under the action of gravity of the device, when the device contacts the river bed, the bottom tip 13 at the bottom of the sampling unit can firstly contact the river bed, the connection purpose is achieved, the whole device is continuously spliced downwards on the surface of the river bed under the action of gravity of the device, the protection unit is movably connected to the bottom of the sampling unit, in the process of continuously downwards moving the sampling unit, the protection unit touches the surface of the river bed, and under the reaction force of the river bed, the protection unit outside the sampling unit moves upwards relative to the sampling unit to generate relative displacement with the sampling unit, after the protection unit moves upwards relatively, the support arm 3 outside the sampling unit can be driven to rotate, the support arm 3 outside the sampling unit is expanded, and a triangular support structure is formed outside the sampling unit, so that the sampling unit can be stably supported on the surface of the river bed, and a great amount of sediment is prevented from being lifted up due to side turning over;
for the uneven river bed surface, the extension rods 31 which can slide in the support arms 3 can synchronously extend after deflection, so that the length of the support arms 3 can be extended, and the support arms can adapt to the uneven river bed surface, and for the inclined river bed surface, the extension lengths of the extension rods 31 are different, in particular the extension rods 31 positioned at high positions are smaller than the extension rods 31 positioned at low positions, so that the support arms can adapt to the river bed surface with different dip angles; the support arm 3 is rotatably arranged and matched with the extension rod 31, so that the support arm can be adjusted in a large range, the support arm is beneficial to being suitable for the surface of an uneven river bed, when the extension rod 31 contacts the surface of the river bed and further receives the reverse acting force of the surface of the river bed, the angle between the support arm 3 and the sampling unit is not changed, only the length is changed, the posture of the sampling unit is kept unchanged, and in the prior art, a side movable frame which is arranged on the outer wall of the equipment in a sliding connection manner cannot adapt to the surface of the river bed so as to generate rollover;
the sampling unit is divided into the first shell 11 and the second shell 12, so that the water storage barrel 16 can be conveniently taken out, and when a water sample is collected in the water storage barrel 16, the water sample in the water storage barrel 16 needs to be taken out for experimental analysis; wherein the bottom tip 13 is provided in a split structure, and forms a cone-shaped structure when the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are connected.
As shown in fig. 5 to 8, a first through hole 111 is formed on one side of the bottom of the first housing 11, a side sealing plate 112 is slidably connected to the inner side of the first housing 11 corresponding to the first through hole 111, and the side sealing plate 112 is used for sealing the first through hole 111; two side sealing plates 112 are symmetrically arranged, and the vertex angles of the adjacent sides of the two side sealing plates 112 are provided with round corners; the water storage tank 16 is provided with a second through hole 161 corresponding to the first through hole 111, and a retaining plate 162 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the water storage tank 16 corresponding to the second through hole 161; the lower end of the retaining plate 162 has a triangular structure and is in sliding fit with the rounded corners on the side sealing plates 112. When the device contacts the surface of the river bed, the water storage cylinders 16 in the first shell 11 and the second shell 12 slide downwards until the first through holes 111 correspond to the second through holes 161, and at the moment, under the action of external water pressure, sufficient water can be quickly filled in the water storage cylinders 16, so that sampling is completed; in the sampling process, when the water storage tube 16 moves downward in the sampling unit, the retaining plate 162 outside the water storage tube 16 contacts the two side sealing plates 112 that are abutted against the inner sides of the first through hole 111, and presses the two side sealing plates 112 to move to two sides, so that the first through hole 111 is converted from the closed state to the open state, and the first through hole 111 is communicated with the second through hole 161; the lower end of the retaining plate 162 is provided with a triangular structure, so that the retaining plate 162 can conveniently squeeze the two side sealing plates 112 with round corners to move to two sides; wherein the second through hole 161 is provided at the upper middle side wall of the cartridge 16.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 6 to fig. 8, the top parts of the first shell 11 and the second shell 12 are respectively provided with a semicircular through hole; the inner bottom surface of the sampling unit is fixedly connected with an inserting rod 14; the inserted link 14 is sleeved with a first spring 18; the bottom of the water storage cylinder 16 is provided with an inward sleeve; the first spring 18 is fixedly connected between the sleeve and the inner bottom surface of the sampling unit; the outer guard bar 2 is of an L-shaped structure, and the top of the outer guard bar 2 is fixedly connected with a top sealing plate 22; the top sealing plate 22 is engaged with the two semicircular through holes. As described above, when the device contacts the bottom surface of the river bed, the bottom of the protection unit will contact the surface of the river bed, so that the protection unit will move upwards relative to the sampling unit, at this time, the top sealing plate 22 at the top of the outer protection rod 2 moves upwards along with the protection unit and is separated from the sampling unit, so that the water inlet hole at the top of the sampling unit, which is formed by two semicircular through holes, is opened, at this time, the device receives a relatively large water pressure, and water will be poured into the sampling unit, so that after the semicircular through holes are opened, under the action of the water pressure, a large amount of water will be poured into the top of the sampling unit, under the action of the water pressure, the water storage cylinder 16 will be pressed downwards to the bottom of the sampling unit, and during the process of pressing the water storage cylinder 16 to move downwards, the pressure exerted on the water storage cylinder 16 by the first spring 18 is overcome, when the water storage cylinder 16 moves downwards to be abutted against the bottom of the sampling unit, the first through hole 111 is communicated with the second through hole 161, under the action of the water pressure, and water is poured into the sampling unit until the sampling unit is filled up rapidly;
wherein the inserted link 14 arranged at the bottom of the sampling unit is of a split structure, and can form a rod shape after combination, and is used for limiting the first spring 18; the sleeve at the bottom of the water storage cylinder 16 can accommodate the inserted rod 14 when the water storage cylinder 16 is abutted against the bottom of the sampling unit;
when the sampling unit is filled with water, including the inside of the water storage barrel 16 and the space between the water storage barrel 16 and the sampling unit, the top water pressure is reduced for the pressure of the top surface of the water storage barrel 16 in the connected state, that is, the pressure born by the water storage barrel 16 can be equal to the self gravity, and the pressure of the first spring 18 is also born by the water storage barrel 16, at this time, under the action of the pressure of the first spring 18, that is, the pressure provided by the first spring 18 is greater than the gravity of the water storage barrel 16 storing water sample, the water storage barrel 16 can rise in the sampling unit, and the retaining plate 162 on the water storage barrel is separated from the side sealing plate 112 in the process, and the side sealing plate 112 is closed;
in the process of lifting the device, the protection unit is not propped against the sampling unit any more, and when the protection unit is completely separated from the surface of the river bed, the top sealing plate 22 is downwards re-embedded in the water inlet hole at the top of the sampling unit to form a top sealing state; because a narrow gap is arranged between the water storage cylinder 16 and the first shell 11 and the second shell 12, the water body which is sealed in the sampling unit and is positioned outside the water storage cylinder slowly moves to the bottom in the sampling unit, and particularly to the lower part of the water storage cylinder; sealing materials with certain tightness are arranged among the first shell 11, the second shell 12 and the top sealing plate 22, and prevent external water bodies from entering the sampling unit through gaps among the first shell 11, the second shell 12 and the top sealing plate 22, wherein the sealing materials comprise but are not limited to rubber strips.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4 and 9, the outer end edge of the chassis 29 is fixedly connected with a support arm 23 parallel to the chassis 29; the end of the support arm 23 far away from the outer guard bar 2 is fixedly connected with a push rod 24 parallel to the outer guard bar 2; the length of the outer guard bar 2 is longer than that of the ejector rod 24; the ejector rod 24 is in sliding fit with the inner side of the supporting arm 3; the connection end of the ejector rod 24 and the support arm 23 is provided with an outward protruding block 25, and the protruding block 25 is arranged adjacent to the support arm 3. In order to trigger the support arm 3 to be unfolded when the protection unit and the sampling unit generate relative displacement, a stable support effect is achieved on the sampling unit; when the support arm 3 is in an initial state, the support arms are vertically arranged, and the ejector rods 24 parallel to the outer protection rod 2 and the support arm 3 are utilized, when the protection unit is integrally lifted, the ejector rods 24 are lifted, and in the lifting process of the ejector rods 24, the protruding blocks 25 contact and press the lower ends of the support arms 3 to deflect the support arm 3, when the ejector rods 24 are lifted continuously, the tops of the ejector rods contact the support arm 3, and a limiting effect is generated on the support arm 3 to prevent the support arm 3 from deflecting, at the moment, the rotation angle of the support arm 3 is the maximum deflection angle, and because the lengths of the ejector rods 24 are consistent, when the ejector rods 24 respectively prop against the support arms 3, the deflection angles of the support arms 3 are consistent;
the chassis 29 is always parallel to the bottom of the sampling unit, so that the deflection angle of the support arm 3 is always consistent, and after the support arm 3 extends, the deflection angle of the support arm 3 is not changed, so that a stable support effect can be achieved.
As shown in fig. 5 and 10, a connecting hole 191 is formed on the outer side of the sampling unit, and the supporting arm 3 is rotatably connected in the connecting hole 191 via a shaft; a chute 33 is formed on one outward side of the support arm 3, and the top of the extension rod 31 is slidably connected in the chute 33; a slide bar 34 is fixedly connected to one end of the inner top of the supporting arm 3 adjacent to the top of the extension rod 31, and the top of the extension rod 31 is in sliding fit with the slide bar 34; the sliding rod 34 is sleeved with a fourth spring 35, and the fourth spring 35 is fixedly connected between the top of the extension rod 31 and the inner top of the supporting arm 3. In order to adapt to the uneven riverbed surface, the support arm 3 specifically refers to the inclined riverbed surface, after the support arm 3 deflects, namely, the support arm 31 is triggered to extend outwards, the support arm 31 slides in the sliding groove 33, a limiting effect is achieved on the support arm 31 by the sliding groove 33, after the support arm 3 deflects, a pressure is applied to the top of the support arm 31 by the fourth spring 35 at the top of the support arm 31, the support arm 31 can extend outwards rapidly, the purpose of supporting a sampling unit in time is achieved, wherein when the support arm is adapted to the inclined riverbed, the extension lengths of the support arm 31 are inconsistent, so that the support arm is adapted to the inclined riverbed, and because the fourth spring 35 enables the support arm 31 to extend completely, when the support arm 3 contacts the inclined riverbed and receives the reaction force of the riverbed, the individual support arm 31 can shrink, and the support arm 3 can be prevented from displacing when the support arm 3 is hinged in the connecting hole 191 through the shaft to receive the reaction force of the riverbed surface.
As shown in fig. 10, a through hole is formed on one side of the top of the supporting arm 3 facing the sampling unit; a clamping groove is correspondingly formed in one side, facing the sampling unit, of the top of the extension rod 31; the outside of the sampling unit is fixedly connected with a spring clamping block 192, and the spring clamping block 192 penetrates through the through hole to be matched with the clamping groove in a clamping way. As described above, when the apparatus is released, the support arm 3 is not deflected, that is, the support arm 3 should be initially arranged vertically, and the extension rod 31 may be clamped through the support arm 3 by using the spring clamping block 192 disposed at the outer side of the sampling unit, after the support arm 3 is deflected, the spring clamping block 192 is extruded to separate from the support arm 3, so that the extension rod 31 limited by the spring clamping block 192 may be rapidly extended outwards under the action of the fourth spring 35, thereby realizing the supporting effect on the sampling unit.
As shown in fig. 3 and 9, the surface of the bump 25 is embedded and connected with a first magnetic block 26, and one side of the supporting arm 3 adjacent to the bump 25 is fixedly connected with a second magnetic block 32; the first magnet 26 is magnetically repelled from the second magnet 32. In order to make the deflection speed of the support arm 3 faster, when the projection 25 extrudes the support arm 3 to deflect, the projection 25 gradually approaches the support arm 3, so that the support arm 3 can generate rapid deflection action by utilizing the repulsive principle between the second magnetic block 32 and the first magnetic block 26, and the support of the support arm 3 can be realized in time; the coil spring is arranged between the support arm 3 and the sampling unit, and can be used for resetting the support arm 3, and the repulsion of the first magnetic block 26 and the second magnetic block 32 can offset the elastic potential energy of the coil spring, so that the deflection state of the support arm 3 can be maintained, when the equipment is lifted, the protection unit downwards generates relative displacement with the sampling unit, at the moment, the lug 25 is gradually far away from the support arm 3, and the support arm 3 resets under the action of the coil spring, so that the vertical state is maintained.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the bottom tip 13 is sleeved with a second spring 21, and the second spring 21 is fixedly connected between the chassis 29 and the sampling unit. When the device bottoms out, the bottom tip 13 at the bottom of the sampling unit is inserted into the surface of the river bed and continuously descends under the action of gravity until the bottom plate 29 contacts the surface of the river bed and is subjected to the reaction force of the surface of the river bed to move relative to the sampling unit, namely, a gap exists between the bottom tip 13 and the bottom plate 29 and the bottom of the sampling unit is propped against the bottom of the sampling unit, and at the moment, the second spring 21 positioned on the bottom tip 13 is compressed to generate elastic potential energy, so that the buffering effect on the sampling unit is realized; when the device is lifted and pulled, the reaction force of the surface of the river bed to the chassis 29 disappears when the device is separated from the surface of the river bed, pressure is applied to the chassis 29 under the action of elastic potential energy of the second spring 21, so that the protection unit generates downward relative displacement again relative to the sampling unit, at the moment, the top sealing plate 22 is re-embedded at the top of the sampling unit under the drive of the outer protection rod 2, top sealing is completed, the top rod 24 is separated from the supporting arm 3, the first magnetic block 26 and the second magnetic block 32 are far away, and the supporting arm 3 can reset under the action of a coil spring.
As shown in fig. 5 to 8, the screen plate 17 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the first housing 11 corresponding to the first through hole 111; a connecting rod 27 is connected with the bottom of the outer guard bar 2 corresponding to the sieve plate 17 in a penetrating way; the roller 271 is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting rod 27 facing the sampling unit; the other end of the connecting rod 27 is fixedly connected with a baffle, a third spring 28 is fixedly connected between the baffle and the outer guard bar 2, and the third spring 28 is sleeved on the connecting rod 27. In order to prevent that this equipment from getting into water storage section of thick bamboo 16 along with rivers when taking a sample, through setting up screen plate 17, can hold back silt, and when protection unit and sampling unit produce ascending relative displacement, the in-process that outer guard bar 2 drove top shrouding 22 and break away from the semicircular through-hole in sampling unit top, usable gyro wheel 271 contact screen plate 17, and under the cooperation of third spring 28, extrusion screen plate 17, make screen plate 17 produce elastic deformation, when gyro wheel 271 breaks away from screen plate 17 and slides to the surface of first shell 11, screen plate 17 elasticity resets and produces vibrations, be used for trembling the silt that blocks up on the screen plate 17, prevent that silt from blocking up screen plate 17 and causing water inlet efficiency to reduce.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the outer guard bar 2 is provided in plurality, and the annular array is arranged outside the sampling unit; the plurality of the supporting arms 3 are correspondingly arranged, and the annular arrays are arranged outside the sampling unit; the outer guard bars 2 and the support arms 3 are staggered. In order to keep the stability of the sampling unit and the protection unit, the outer protection rods 2 and the support arms 3 are arranged in a plurality of annular arrays, so that the overall stability of the equipment can be effectively kept.
Working principle: in the prior art, equipment for deep water bottoming sampling is provided in the river bed bottoming sampling, but in the river bed bottoming water quality sampling, the flatness of the surface of the river bed is difficult to ensure to be horizontal, aiming at an inclined river bed, when the equipment is released to the bottom of the river bed, a fixed-length side movable column support cannot support the equipment on the river bed after synchronous unfolding, side turning can be generated, and then the equipment is transversely poured on the surface of the river bed, and a large amount of sediment can be generated in the pouring process, so that the sediment is filled in a sampling area of the equipment, and the sampling process is influenced;
when the device is used, aiming at the condition that the surface of a river bed is uneven, particularly an inclined river bed, by arranging a sampling unit, a water storage cylinder 16 in the sampling unit slides downwards in an inner cavity formed by a first shell 11 and a second shell 12, so that the water storage cylinder 16 is converted into a communicating state from a sealing state, external water is passively pressed into the water storage cylinder 16 under the action of pressure, the water body sampling of a deep water area is completed, the device is lifted on the water surface through a cable to be immersed in the water body in actual use, the cable is continuously released, the cable is sunk to the surface of the river bed under the gravity action of the device, when the device contacts the river bed, a bottom tip 13 at the bottom of the sampling unit firstly contacts the river bed, the purpose of connection is achieved, under the action of gravity of the equipment, the whole equipment is continuously spliced downwards on the surface of a river bed, as the protection unit is movably connected to the bottom of the sampling unit, the protection unit touches the surface of the river bed in the process that the sampling unit continuously moves downwards, and under the reaction force of the river bed, the protection unit outside the sampling unit moves upwards relative to the sampling unit and generates relative displacement with the sampling unit, after the protection unit moves upwards relatively, the support arm 3 outside the sampling unit can be driven to rotate, the support arm 3 outside the sampling unit expands, and a triangular support structure is formed outside the sampling unit, so that the sampling unit can be stably supported on the surface of the river bed, and a large amount of sediment is prevented from being lifted up due to rollover, and the sampling process is influenced; for the uneven river bed surface, the extension rods 31 which can slide in the support arms 3 can synchronously extend after deflection, so that the length of the support arms 3 can be extended, and the support arms can adapt to the uneven river bed surface, and for the inclined river bed surface, the extension lengths of a plurality of extension rods are different, in particular the extension rods 31 positioned at high positions are smaller than the extension rods 31 positioned at low positions, so that the support arms are suitable for the river bed surface with different dip angles; the support arm 3 is rotatably arranged and matched with the extension rod 31, so that the support arm can be adjusted in a large range, is beneficial to being suitable for uneven riverbed surfaces, and can not change the angle between the support arm 3 and the sampling unit when the extension rod 31 contacts the riverbed surfaces and is subjected to reverse acting force on the riverbed surfaces, and only changes in length are generated, and the posture of the sampling unit is kept unchanged;
when the device contacts the bottom surface of the river bed, the bottom of the protection unit is contacted with the surface of the river bed, so that the protection unit moves upwards relative to the sampling unit, the top sealing plate 22 at the top of the outer protection rod 2 moves upwards along with the protection unit and is separated from the sampling unit, so that the water inlet hole formed by two semicircular through holes at the top of the sampling unit is opened, the water pressure born by the device is larger, and water can be filled into the sampling unit, therefore, after the semicircular through holes are opened, a large amount of water can be filled into the top of the sampling unit under the action of the water pressure, the water storage cylinder 16 is extruded downwards to the bottom of the sampling unit under the action of the water pressure, the pressure acted on the water storage cylinder 16 by the first spring 18 is overcome in the process of extruding the water storage cylinder 16 downwards, when the water storage cylinder 16 moves downwards to be abutted against the bottom of the sampling unit, the first through hole 111 is communicated with the second through hole 161, and water is filled into the sampling unit quickly under the action of the water pressure until the sampling unit is filled fully; wherein the inserted link 14 arranged at the bottom of the sampling unit is of a split structure, and can form a rod shape after combination, and is used for limiting the first spring 18; the sleeve at the bottom of the water storage cylinder 16 can accommodate the inserted rod 14 when the water storage cylinder 16 is abutted against the bottom of the sampling unit; when the sampling unit is filled with water, including the inside of the water storage barrel 16 and the space between the water storage barrel 16 and the sampling unit, the top water pressure is reduced for the pressure of the top surface of the water storage barrel 16 in the connected state, that is, the pressure born by the water storage barrel 16 can be equal to the self gravity, and the pressure born by the water storage barrel 16 is additionally stressed by the first spring 18, at this time, under the action of the pressure of the first spring 18, that is, the pressure provided by the first spring 18 is greater than the gravity of the water storage barrel 16 storing water sample, the water storage barrel 16 can rise in the sampling unit, and the retaining plate 162 on the water storage barrel is separated from the side sealing plate 112 in the process, and the side sealing plate 112 is closed; when the device bottoms out, the bottom tip 13 at the bottom of the sampling unit is inserted into the surface of the river bed and continuously descends under the action of gravity until the bottom plate 29 contacts the surface of the river bed and is subjected to the reaction force of the surface of the river bed to move relative to the sampling unit, namely, a gap exists between the bottom tip 13 and the bottom plate 29 and the bottom of the sampling unit is propped against the bottom of the sampling unit, and at the moment, the second spring 21 positioned on the bottom tip 13 is compressed to generate elastic potential energy, so that the buffering effect of the sampling unit is realized;
in the process of lifting the device, the protection unit is not propped against the sampling unit any more, and when the protection unit is completely separated from the surface of the river bed, the top sealing plate 22 is downwards re-embedded in the water inlet hole at the top of the sampling unit to form a top sealing state; because a narrow gap is arranged between the water storage cylinder 16 and the first shell 11 and the second shell 12, the water body which is sealed in the sampling unit and is positioned outside the water storage cylinder slowly moves to the bottom in the sampling unit, and particularly to the lower part of the water storage cylinder; simultaneously, when the equipment is lifted to be separated from the surface of the river bed, the reaction force of the surface of the river bed to the chassis 29 disappears, the chassis 29 can be applied with pressure under the action of the elastic potential energy of the second spring 21, so that the protection unit generates downward relative displacement again relative to the sampling unit, at the moment, the top sealing plate 22 is re-embedded at the top of the sampling unit under the drive of the outer protection rod 2, the top sealing is completed, the ejector rod 24 is separated from the supporting arm 3, the first magnetic block 26 and the second magnetic block 32 are far away, and the supporting arm 3 can reset under the action of a coil spring.
When the device is released, the support arm 3 does not deflect, namely the support arm 3 should be initially arranged vertically, the extension rod 31 can be clamped through the support arm 3 by using the spring clamping blocks 192 arranged on the outer side of the sampling unit, after the support arm 3 deflects, the spring clamping blocks 192 are extruded to separate from the support arm 3, so that the extension rod 31 limited by the spring clamping blocks 192 can rapidly extend outwards under the action of the fourth spring 35, and the supporting effect on the sampling unit is realized; in order to make the deflection speed of the support arm 3 faster, when the projection 25 presses the support arm 3 to deflect, the projection 25 gradually approaches the support arm 3, so that the support arm 3 can generate rapid deflection action by utilizing the repulsive principle between the second magnetic block 32 and the first magnetic block 26, and the support of the support arm 3 can be timely realized; the coil spring is arranged between the support arm 3 and the sampling unit, and can be used for resetting the support arm 3, and the repulsion of the first magnetic block 26 and the second magnetic block 32 can offset the elastic potential energy of the coil spring, so that the deflection state of the support arm 3 can be maintained, when the equipment is lifted, the protection unit downwards generates relative displacement with the sampling unit, at the moment, the lug 25 is gradually far away from the support arm 3, and the support arm 3 resets under the action of the coil spring, so that the vertical state is maintained.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. A deep water quality detection sampling device is characterized in that: comprises a cable and a sampling unit fixedly connected at the bottom of the cable; the sampling unit comprises a first shell (11) and a second shell (12); the first shell (11) is fixedly connected with the second shell (12) through bolts; the outer top of the sampling unit is fixedly connected with a plurality of suspension arms (15); the bottom of the mooring rope is fixedly connected with a lifting ring at the top of the suspension arm (15); a water storage cylinder (16) is movably connected in the sampling unit; the bottom of the sampling unit is fixedly connected with a bottom tip (13); the bottom tip (13) is sleeved with a protection unit; the protection unit comprises an outer protection rod (2) and a chassis (29); the center of the chassis (29) slides on the bottom tip (13), and the outer guard bar (2) is fixedly connected to the edge of the outer end of the chassis (29); the outside of the sampling unit is rotatably connected with a supporting arm (3), and the supporting arm (3) is used for supporting the sampling unit; an extension rod (31) is connected inside the support arm (3) in a sliding manner;
the outer side of the sampling unit is provided with a connecting hole (191), and the supporting arm (3) is rotationally connected in the connecting hole (191) through a shaft; a chute (33) is formed in one outward side of the supporting arm (3), and the top of the extension rod (31) is connected in the chute (33) in a sliding manner; a slide bar (34) is fixedly connected to one end, adjacent to the top of the extension rod (31), of the inner top of the support arm (3), and the top of the extension rod (31) is in sliding fit with the slide bar (34); the sliding rod (34) is sleeved with a fourth spring (35), and the fourth spring (35) is fixedly connected between the top of the extension rod (31) and the inner top of the supporting arm (3).
2. The deep water quality testing sampling device of claim 1, wherein: a first through hole (111) is formed in one side of the bottom of the first shell (11), a side sealing plate (112) is connected to the inner side of the first shell (11) corresponding to the first through hole (111) in a sliding manner, and the side sealing plate (112) is used for sealing the first through hole (111); two side sealing plates (112) are symmetrically arranged, and a corner angle at one side adjacent to the two side sealing plates (112) is provided with a round angle; a second through hole (161) corresponding to the first through hole (111) is formed in the water storage barrel (16), and a retaining plate (162) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the water storage barrel (16) corresponding to the second through hole (161); the lower end of the retaining plate (162) is of a triangular structure and is in sliding fit with a round corner on the side sealing plate (112).
3. The deep water quality testing sampling device of claim 2, wherein: semicircular through holes are formed in the tops of the first shell (11) and the second shell (12); the inner bottom surface of the sampling unit is fixedly connected with an inserting rod (14); the inserted link (14) is sleeved with a first spring (18); an inward sleeve is arranged at the bottom of the water storage cylinder (16); the first spring (18) is fixedly connected between the sleeve and the inner bottom surface of the sampling unit; the outer guard bar (2) is of an L-shaped structure, and a top sealing plate (22) is fixedly connected to the top of the outer guard bar (2); the top sealing plate (22) is matched with the two semicircular through holes.
4. A deep water quality testing sampling device according to claim 3, wherein: the outer end edge of the chassis (29) is fixedly connected with a support arm (23) parallel to the chassis (29); one end of the support arm (23) far away from the outer guard bar (2) is fixedly connected with a push rod (24) parallel to the outer guard bar (2); the length of the outer guard bar (2) is longer than that of the ejector rod (24); the ejector rod (24) is in sliding fit with the inner side of the supporting arm (3); the connection end of the ejector rod (24) and the support arm (23) is provided with an outward protruding block (25), and the protruding block (25) is arranged adjacent to the support arm (3).
5. The deep water quality testing sampling device according to claim 4, wherein: a through hole is formed in one side, facing the sampling unit, of the top of the supporting arm (3); a clamping groove is correspondingly formed in one side, facing the sampling unit, of the top of the extension rod (31); the outside of the sampling unit is fixedly connected with a spring clamping block (192), and the spring clamping block (192) penetrates through the through hole to be matched with the clamping groove in a clamping way.
6. The deep water quality testing sampling device of claim 5, wherein: the surface of the protruding block (25) is embedded and connected with a first magnetic block (26), and one side of the supporting arm (3) adjacent to the protruding block (25) is fixedly connected with a second magnetic block (32); the first magnetic block (26) and the second magnetic block (32) repel each other.
7. The deep water quality testing sampling device of claim 6, wherein: the bottom tip (13) is sleeved with a second spring (21), and the second spring (21) is fixedly connected between the chassis (29) and the sampling unit.
8. The deep water quality testing sampling device of claim 7, wherein: the outer side of the first shell (11) is fixedly connected with a sieve plate (17) corresponding to the first through hole (111); the bottom of the outer guard bar (2) corresponding to the sieve plate (17) is connected with a connecting rod (27) in a penetrating way; a roller (271) is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting rod (27) facing the sampling unit; the other end of the connecting rod (27) is fixedly connected with a baffle, a third spring (28) is fixedly connected between the baffle and the outer guard bar (2), and the third spring (28) is sleeved on the connecting rod (27).
9. The deep water quality testing sampling device of claim 8, wherein: the outer guard bars (2) are arranged in a plurality, and the annular arrays are arranged outside the sampling units; the plurality of the supporting arms (3) are correspondingly arranged, and the annular arrays are arranged outside the sampling unit; the outer guard bars (2) and the support arms (3) are arranged in a staggered mode.
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