CN117307042A - Mining hydraulic reducing reamer bit and use method thereof - Google Patents
Mining hydraulic reducing reamer bit and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117307042A CN117307042A CN202311304225.1A CN202311304225A CN117307042A CN 117307042 A CN117307042 A CN 117307042A CN 202311304225 A CN202311304225 A CN 202311304225A CN 117307042 A CN117307042 A CN 117307042A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/26—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers
- E21B10/32—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with expansible cutting tools
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/26—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers
- E21B10/32—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with expansible cutting tools
- E21B10/322—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with expansible cutting tools cutter shifted by fluid pressure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/62—Drill bits characterised by parts, e.g. cutting elements, which are detachable or adjustable
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a mining hydraulic reducing reaming bit and a using method thereof, which belong to the technical field of coal mining and solve the technical problems that in the prior art, repeated bit withdrawal and bit replacement are required, drilling is complex, and the process is tedious and laborious due to geological structure change. The invention provides a variable-diameter reaming bit which comprises a drill rod assembly and a drill bit assembly, wherein the drill bit assembly is arranged at the end part of the drill rod assembly, the drill rod assembly comprises a drill rod main body and a hydraulic control mechanism arranged on the drill rod main body, the drill bit assembly comprises a drill bit main body, a sizing drill blade and a reaming adjustment drill blade are arranged on the drill bit main body, the hydraulic control mechanism is connected with the reaming adjustment drill blade, and the hydraulic control mechanism drives the reaming adjustment drill blade to conduct reaming work. In the drilling process, the drill bit does not need to be repeatedly retracted and replaced, the operation is simple and convenient, time and labor are saved, drilling operations can be carried out by installing different types of drill bits according to actual use requirements, the adaptability is high, and the drilling efficiency is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mining, and particularly relates to a hydraulic reducing reaming bit for a mine and a use method thereof.
Background
With the increase of coal mining intensity and mining depth, rock burst disasters have become one of the most troublesome disasters in the coal mining process. In order to avoid and reduce the occurrence of rock burst accidents, a plurality of methods for effectively controlling the rock burst are developed in the field of coal mines, and in the aspect of rock burst monitoring, a drilling cutting method can judge the rock burst according to the amounts of coal dust discharged at different depths during drilling, the change rules thereof and related dynamic phenomena; in the aspect of local control of rock burst, the methods of large-diameter drilling pressure relief, blasting pressure relief, hydraulic fracturing pressure relief and the like can effectively control the rock burst. In the construction process, the rock mass or the coal mass is firstly required to be drilled, and then the next operation is carried out. Clearly, the drilling process has become one of the most important processes in mine production.
The positions, angles, apertures, depths, interval pitches and the like of the drilled holes are different in selection requirements for different construction environments, the properties of the coal strata are different, and the required drilled hole diameters are also different.
At present, the traditional drilling machines and drills of different types can be only applied on the premise that the construction design requirements are matched with the equipment types, the drilling technology is in a state of 'one drilling for a certain hole', namely the size of the hole drilled by the drilling machine depends on the size of the selected drill, and the drilled holes are all of the same caliber throughout. However, in the actual drilling construction process, the geological features of the drill bit and the drill bit are different from each other for different depths of the same coal stratum, so when the corresponding drill bit and the drill bit are selected to drill according to the construction design requirements, the types of the drill bit required by the construction design cannot reach the expected drilling effect, at the moment, the drill bit can only be removed by removing the drill bit and replaced, and the drill bit with other specifications is used for drilling again, so that the drilling process is complex, the drilling removing and replacing processes are complex, time and labor are consumed, and the operation is very inconvenient.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a mining hydraulic variable-diameter reaming bit for variable-diameter drilling and a use method thereof, aiming at the technical problems that in the drilling process, the drilling is complex and the process is tedious and laborious because of the geological structure change and the repeated drill withdrawal and bit replacement are required in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention firstly provides a mining hydraulic variable-diameter reaming bit which comprises a drill rod assembly and a drill bit assembly, wherein the drill bit assembly is arranged at the end part of the drill rod assembly, the drill rod assembly comprises a drill rod main body and a hydraulic control mechanism arranged on the drill rod main body, the drill bit assembly comprises a drill bit main body, a sizing drill blade and a reaming adjustment drill blade are arranged on the drill bit main body, the hydraulic control mechanism is connected with the reaming adjustment drill blade, and the hydraulic control mechanism drives the reaming adjustment drill blade to conduct reaming work.
Preferably, the hydraulic control mechanism comprises a control part and a hydraulic reaming driving part, the hydraulic control mechanism is connected with the reaming adjustment drill blade through the hydraulic reaming driving part, and the hydraulic reaming driving part drives the reaming adjustment drill blade to move radially so as to perform reaming work.
Preferably, the control part is connected with the hydraulic reaming driving part through a hydraulic conveying mechanism, the hydraulic reaming driving part comprises a driving main body, one end of the hydraulic conveying mechanism is connected with the control part, and the other end of the hydraulic conveying mechanism extends to the inside of the driving main body along the axial direction of the drill rod main body.
Preferably, the end of the hydraulic conveying mechanism is connected with the reaming adjustment drill blade through a hydraulic sealing device.
Preferably, the hydraulic reaming driving part is of a convex structure on the periphery of the drill rod main body, a groove which is connected with the convex structure in a matching way is formed in the inner side of the drill bit main body, the hydraulic reaming driving part is arranged in the groove of the drill bit main body, a drill blade groove is further formed in the drill bit main body, and a reaming adjusting drill blade is arranged in the drill blade groove.
Preferably, at least one reaming adjustment drill blade is arranged on the drill body, the reaming adjustment drill blade is arranged along the circumferential direction of the drill body, the inner side of the reaming adjustment drill blade is connected with a power supply mechanism, and the outer end of the hydraulic control mechanism is connected with the reaming adjustment drill blade through the power supply mechanism.
Preferably, the drill bit body is provided with two reaming adjustment drill edges, the first reaming adjustment drill edge and the second reaming adjustment drill edge are respectively, and the reaming diameters of the first reaming adjustment drill edge and the second reaming adjustment drill edge are different.
Preferably, the power supply mechanism adopts a multi-section hydraulic jack structure, the inner end of the hydraulic jack structure is arranged on the drill bit main body and is connected with the hydraulic control mechanism, and the outer end of the hydraulic jack structure is connected with the reaming adjusting drill blade.
Preferably, the drill bit assembly is detachably connected with the drill rod assembly, and an injection tube is arranged in the drill rod main body and is communicated with the drill rod main body and the drill bit main body.
The invention also provides a use method of the mining hydraulic reducing reamer bit, which comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a variable-diameter reaming bit with a proper size, connecting a drill rod assembly and the bit assembly, and preparing for drilling operation;
s2, starting a sizing drill blade to perform punching operation, observing the characteristic change of the coal and rock mass of the target area in the construction process, and if no change occurs and no geological structure affecting the construction effect occurs, not performing reaming operation;
s3, if the characteristics of the coal and rock mass are obviously changed or a geological structure affecting the construction effect appears, opening a reaming adjustment drill blade, pushing out the reaming adjustment drill blade under the action of driving force to perform drilling operation, and enlarging the diameter of the drill bit;
s4, opening a control part of the hydraulic control mechanism, then driving a hydraulic reaming driving part to act, further slowly pushing out a reaming adjustment drill bit, starting to cut coal and rock mass in front of a drilling hole and on the wall of the hole by the reaming adjustment drill bit until the reaming adjustment drill bit is completely extended, and completing reaming operation by the drill bit in a state that the reaming adjustment drill bit is extended;
s5, in the coal rock mass reaming process, a reaming starting point, a reaming process point and a reaming completion point are sequentially arranged on the coal rock mass drilling from front to back, the fixed-diameter distance and the reaming distance of the coal rock mass drilling are determined, and the drilling operation is carried out according to the determined reaming distance.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the variable-diameter reaming bit provided by the invention can be used for carrying out adaptive reaming operation according to the characteristic change of coal and rock mass in the drilling construction process, when the reaming operation is not needed, only the sizing drilling blade on the bit assembly works, and when the reaming operation is needed, the reaming adjustment drilling blade carries out reaming operation under the driving action of the hydraulic control mechanism on the drill rod main body; in the drilling process, the drill bit does not need to be repeatedly retracted and replaced, the operation is simple and convenient, time and labor are saved, drilling operations can be carried out by installing different types of drill bits according to actual use requirements, the adaptability is high, and the drilling efficiency is high.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required for the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the drill rod assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the driving body of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a drill bit assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a partial enlarged structure at A in FIG. 4 according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a process flow of reducing and reaming a drill bit according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the shrinkage state of the reamer adjusting drill bit according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the first reaming adjustment drill's blade extended condition in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the second reaming adjustment drill's blade extended condition in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the sizing drill blade operation of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of the operation of the first reaming adjustment drill blade extension process of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic view of the first reaming adjustment drill edge extension completion operation of the present invention.
The symbol marks in the figures illustrate:
10. a drill rod assembly; 20. a drill bit assembly;
1. a drill pipe body; 100. an external thread connection;
2. a hydraulic control mechanism; 21. a driving body; 211. a first body connection portion; 212. a second body connection portion; 22. a high pressure syringe; 221. a first high pressure syringe; 222. a second high pressure syringe; 231. a first pilot operated valve; 232. a second pilot operated valve;
3. a bit body; 31. a driving groove; 311. a first groove; 312. a second groove; 321. a first drill edge groove; 322. a second drill edge groove; 33. an internal threaded connection;
4. sizing the drill edge;
5. reaming and adjusting a drill blade; 51. the first reaming adjustment drill edge; 52. second reaming and adjusting the drill edge; 53. a drill blade body; 54. cutting blade;
6. a hydraulic sealing device; 61. a first hydraulic seal; 62. a second hydraulic seal;
7. a hydraulic ram;
8. a water injection pipe;
9. and a buffer pad.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application more clear, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a mining hydraulic reducing reaming bit, which comprises a drill rod assembly 10 and a drill bit assembly 20, wherein the drill bit assembly 20 is arranged at the end part of the drill rod assembly 10, the drill rod assembly 10 comprises a drill rod main body 1 and a hydraulic control mechanism 2 arranged on the drill rod main body 1, the drill bit assembly 20 comprises a drill bit main body 3, a sizing drill blade 4 and a reaming adjustment drill blade 5 are arranged on the drill bit main body 3, the hydraulic control mechanism 2 is connected with the reaming adjustment drill blade 5, and the hydraulic control mechanism 2 drives the reaming adjustment drill blade 5 to conduct reaming work.
In the drilling construction process, the variable-diameter reaming bit provided by the invention can perform adaptive reaming operation according to the characteristic change of coal and rock mass, when the reaming operation is not needed, only the sizing drilling blade 4 on the bit assembly 20 works, and when the reaming operation is needed, the reaming adjustment drilling blade 5 performs reaming operation under the driving action of the hydraulic control mechanism 2 on the drill rod main body 1; in the drilling process, the drill bit does not need to be repeatedly retracted and replaced, the operation is simple and convenient, time and labor are saved, drilling operations can be carried out by installing different types of drill bits according to actual use requirements, the adaptability is high, and the drilling efficiency is high.
As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the hydraulic control mechanism 2 includes a control portion and a hydraulic reaming driving portion, and the hydraulic control mechanism 2 is connected to the reaming adjustment drill blade 5 through the hydraulic reaming driving portion, and the hydraulic reaming driving portion drives the reaming adjustment drill blade to move radially, thereby performing reaming work.
Specifically, the control part and the hydraulic reaming driving part are respectively arranged at two end sides of the drill rod main body 1, the hydraulic reaming driving part is arranged at one end of the drill bit main body 3, the control part is arranged at the other end of the drill bit main body 3, the control part is connected with the hydraulic reaming driving part through the hydraulic conveying mechanism, the action of the hydraulic reaming driving part is controlled through the control part, and then the reaming operation is performed by driving the reaming adjustment drill blade 5.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the hydraulic reaming driving part includes a driving body 21, the driving body 21 is disposed on the outer circumference of the drill pipe body 1, the driving body 21 is of a "convex" structure and extends outwards along the axial direction of the drill pipe body 1, the driving body 21 includes a first body connecting part 211 and a second body connecting part 212, the first body connecting part 211 and the second body connecting part 212 are both of a hollow cylindrical structure, and the outer diameter of the first body connecting part 211 is smaller than the outer diameter of the second body connecting part 212, so that the first body connecting part 211 and the end of the second body connecting part 212 are connected to form the convex structure of the driving body.
As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the hydraulic conveying mechanism is a high-pressure injection tube 22 provided in the drill rod main body 1, the high-pressure injection tube 22 is provided extending along the axial direction of the drill rod main body 1, one end of the high-pressure injection tube 22 is connected to the control portion, and the other end of the high-pressure injection tube 22 is provided in the driving main body 21. Two high-pressure injection pipes 22 are arranged in the drill rod main body 1, namely a first high-pressure injection pipe 221 and a second high-pressure injection pipe 222, wherein the outer end parts of the first high-pressure injection pipe 221 and the second high-pressure injection pipe 222 are connected with a control part, the inner end part of the first high-pressure injection pipe 221 extends into the first main body connecting part 211 and then extends along the radial direction of the first main body connecting part 211, and the inner end part of the second high-pressure injection pipe 222 extends into the second main body connecting part 212 and then extends along the radial direction of the second main body connecting part 212.
The high-pressure injection tube 22 is connected with an external high-pressure liquid conveying pipeline through a control part, the high-pressure injection tube 22 can convey high-pressure liquid from outside the drill rod into the driving main body 21, further the reaming adjustment drill blade 5 is driven to act, and the control part is used for controlling the flow of the high-pressure liquid. The control portion is equipped with the pilot operated valve, and the pilot operated valve is provided with two, is first pilot operated valve 231 and second pilot operated valve 232 respectively, is used for controlling the action of first high-pressure syringe 221 and second high-pressure syringe 222 respectively, and wherein, first high-pressure syringe 221 runs through in driving body 21 and drilling rod main part 1 then is connected with first pilot operated valve 231, and second high-pressure syringe 222 runs through in driving body 21 and drilling rod main part 1 then is connected with second pilot operated valve 232, and first pilot operated valve 231 and second pilot operated valve 232 all set up in the tip outside of drilling rod main part 1, conveniently operate control.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the end of the high pressure syringe 22 is fixedly connected with a hydraulic sealing device 6, and the high pressure syringe 22 is connected with the reaming adjustment drill bit 5 on the drill body 3 through the hydraulic sealing device 6.
Specifically, the hydraulic sealing device 6 is disposed in the driving main body 21, and when the drill bit assembly 20 is connected with the drill rod assembly 10, the hydraulic sealing device 6 on the drill rod main body 1 is automatically closed and connected with driving equipment on the drill bit main body 3, so as to prepare for rock stratum reaming work. The first body connection part 211 is provided therein with a first hydraulic sealing part 61, and the first hydraulic sealing part 61 is provided on an outer end inner wall of the first body connection part 211 to be connected with a first high pressure injection tube 221, the second body connection part 212 is provided therein with a second hydraulic sealing part 62, and the second hydraulic sealing part 62 is provided on an outer end inner wall of the second body connection part 212 to be connected with a second high pressure injection tube 222.
In this embodiment, through setting up hydraulic seal device 6, when having guaranteed that drive main part 21 and drill bit assembly 20's drive recess are connected, the contact position of two structures realizes closely laminating, realizes stable sealing, guarantees that high-pressure liquid can not take place to leak, realizes high-efficient drive.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first body coupling portion 211 and the second body coupling portion 212 are integrally provided, stably coupled to the drill rod body 1, and drive the reaming adjustment drill blade 5 on the drill body 3 to perform a related operation.
As shown in fig. 4, in this embodiment, a driving groove 31 adapted to the driving body of the "convex" structure is provided on the inner side of the drill bit body 3, so that the end of the drill rod body 1 and the driving body 21 are disposed in the driving groove 31 of the drill bit body 3, the end of the high-pressure injection tube 22 and the hydraulic sealing device 6 are connected with the reaming adjustment drill blade 5, and further the fitting connection of the drill bit assembly 20 and the drill rod assembly 10 is realized.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the sizing drill blade 4 is disposed at the outer end of the drill bit body 3, where the sizing drill blade 4 is a primary drill blade, and is a main cutting mechanism of the drill bit in the drilling process, and if reaming operation is not required in the drilling process, only the primary drill blade on the drill bit assembly 20 is performing drilling operation; and the reaming adjustment blade 5 is a secondary blade for performing a reaming operation during a drilling process, the reaming adjustment blade 5 being provided on the bit body 3 and along a circumferential direction of the bit body 3. The normal state of the reaming adjustment drill blade 5 is a hidden state, when reaming operation is needed in the drilling operation process, the reaming adjustment drill blade 5 on the drill bit main body 3 can extend out to cooperate with the sizing drill blade 4 for drilling operation, no additional operation is needed, the aperture of the drilling machine is enlarged under the control action of the hydraulic control mechanism 2 of the drill rod main body 1, and the drilling machine is suitable for changing geological features.
As shown in fig. 4, the radial section of the drill bit body 3 is in a circular structure, a driving groove 31 is arranged in the drill bit body, the driving groove comprises a first groove 311 and a second groove 312, the diameter of the first groove 311 is smaller than that of the second groove 312, the size of the first groove 311 is matched with the outer diameter size of the first body connecting portion 211, the size of the second groove 312 is matched with the outer diameter size of the second body connecting portion 212, and therefore accurate connection between the first body connecting portion 211 and the first groove 311 and accurate connection between the second body connecting portion 212 and the second groove 312 are achieved.
Further, in this embodiment, the drill body 3 is provided with a drill groove, the drill groove is a cylindrical groove structure, and the drill groove is disposed along the radial direction of the drill body 3, and the reaming adjustment drill 5 is disposed in the drill groove. Two reaming adjustment drill blades 5 are provided on the drill body 3, a first reaming adjustment drill blade 51 and a second reaming adjustment drill blade 52 are provided, respectively, and the cutting diameter of the first reaming adjustment drill blade 51 is larger than that of the second reaming adjustment drill blade 52, so that the reaming range of the first reaming adjustment drill blade 51 is larger than that of the second reaming adjustment drill blade 52.
Specifically, the first hole-enlarging adjusting drill blade 51 is a long-distance cutting blade, the second hole-enlarging adjusting drill blade 52 is a short-distance cutting blade, two drill blade grooves are formed in the drill bit body 3, namely, a first drill blade groove 321 and a second drill blade groove 322, the depth of the first drill blade groove 321 is larger than that of the second drill blade groove 322, the first hole-enlarging adjusting drill blade 51 is arranged in the first drill blade groove 321, the second hole-enlarging adjusting drill blade 52 is arranged in the second drill blade groove 322, and accordingly when the diameter of a hole to be enlarged is smaller, the second hole-enlarging adjusting drill blade 52 can be driven to extend out for hole-enlarging operation, and when the diameter of the hole to be enlarged is larger, the first hole-enlarging adjusting drill blade 51 can be driven to extend out for hole-enlarging operation.
In this embodiment, the reaming and reducing of the drill bit is performed by extending the two reaming adjustment blades 5 from the two blade grooves to the cutting hole wall, respectively, so as to enlarge the inside diameter of the drill hole. The inner side of the drill blade groove is also provided with a power supply mechanism which is arranged at the inner side of the reaming adjustment drill blade, so that the reaming adjustment drill blade 5 is connected with the high-pressure injection tube 22 and the hydraulic sealing device 6 on the driving main body 21 through the power supply mechanism, and the reaming adjustment drill blade 5 extends out of the drill blade groove through the power supply mechanism under the driving action of the hydraulic control mechanism 2 on the drill rod main body 1.
Specifically, the power supply mechanism adopts a two-section hydraulic ram 7, a first section of the inner end of the hydraulic ram 7 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the drill blade groove and is tightly connected with the hydraulic control mechanism 2, a second section of the outer end of the hydraulic ram 7 is fixedly connected with the reaming adjustment drill blade 5, when the two sections of the hydraulic ram 7 are in a fully contracted state, the reaming adjustment drill blade 5 is fully contracted into the drill blade groove, and when the two sections of the hydraulic ram 7 are in a fully expanded state, the reaming adjustment drill blade 5 is fully expanded to the outside of the drill blade groove, so that reaming operation can be performed as required.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, the first hole-enlarging adjusting drill blade 51 and the second hole-enlarging adjusting drill blade 52 are provided with a drill blade main body 53 and a plurality of cutting blades 54 disposed on the drill blade main body 53, the inner end of the drill blade main body 53 is connected with the hydraulic ram 7, and the specific structural dimensions of the first hole-enlarging adjusting drill blade 51 and the second hole-enlarging adjusting drill blade 52 are different, and are adapted according to the actual cutting requirement. The drill blade main body 53 is made of hard alloy, the high-strength structure ensures the stability and wear resistance of the cutting blade in the rotary cutting reaming process, the cutting blade 54 is arranged on the periphery of the drill blade main body 53, and the high-strength blade structure ensures the cutting firmness and stability.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a multi-stage hydraulic ram structure may be employed, the inner end surface of which is tightly connected to the bit body 3, and the outer end surface of which is fixedly connected to the reaming adjustment drill blade 5, thereby ensuring stable power supply.
In this embodiment, the hydraulic control valve disposed at the end of the drill rod main body 1 is a device for controlling high-pressure liquid to enter and exit the hydraulic pipe, and the two hydraulic control valves respectively control the actions of the first reaming adjustment drill blade 51 and the second reaming adjustment drill blade 52 with different reaming distances, where the first hydraulic control valve 231 is used for controlling the expansion and contraction of the first reaming adjustment drill blade 51, and the second hydraulic control valve 232 is used for controlling the expansion and contraction of the second reaming adjustment drill blade 52. When the reaming operation is needed, the hydraulic control valve of corresponding requirement is opened, high-pressure liquid is injected into the hydraulic jack 7 through the high-pressure injection tube 22, the corresponding reaming adjustment drill blade 5 stretches out of the drill blade groove, the reaming operation is completed, and when the reaming operation is completed, the hydraulic valve is opened again, the high-pressure liquid flows out of the hydraulic tube, so that the corresponding reaming adjustment drill blade 5 is retracted into the drill blade groove.
Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least one reaming adjustment drill blade 5 is disposed on the drill body 3, and the number of reaming adjustment drill blades 5 with different apertures can be increased according to actual use requirements, and high-pressure injection tubes 22 and hydraulic control valves with the number adapted thereto are disposed, so as to increase adaptability of the variable-diameter reaming drill.
Still further, in this embodiment, drilling rod assembly 10 still is provided with water injection pipe 8, and water injection pipe 8 sets up in the inboard middle part of drilling rod main part 1, and water injection pipe 8 runs through drilling rod main part 1 along the axial of drilling rod main part 1 and set up, simultaneously, also is provided with the water injection hole in the drill bit main part 3, and the water injection hole communicates the water injection pipe 8 on drilling rod main part 1, through water injection pipe 8 to the drilling in, reaches to arrange sediment, cooling dust fall effect.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drill rod body 1 has a round rod-like structure, and the end of the drill rod body 1 is detachably connected to the drill bit body 3, thereby facilitating transportation and assembly.
Specifically, the end of the drill rod body 1 is provided with an external threaded connection portion 100, the inner side of the drill bit body 3 is provided with an internal threaded connection portion 33 which is connected with the external threaded connection portion 100 in a matching manner, and the external threaded connection portion 100 is connected with the internal threaded connection portion 33 in a threaded manner, so that the drill rod body 1 is connected with the drill bit body 3.
Further, the outer end of the first body connecting portion 211 of the driving body 21 is provided with the buffer pad 9, and by providing the buffer pad 9 between the driving body 21 and the recess of the drill body 3, the mutual abrasion between the drill body 3 and the drill rod can be reduced.
In the invention, as shown in fig. 6-9, a hydraulic reaming drill rod is connected with a variable diameter reaming drill bit in a structure fit manner to form a mining hydraulic variable diameter reaming drill bit, when a drill bit assembly 20 is connected with a drill rod assembly 10, a hydraulic sealing device 6 in a driving main body 21 connected with the end part of a drill rod main body 1 is contacted with a hydraulic jack 7 in a drill bit main body 3 and is automatically connected in a sealing manner, at the moment, drilling operation can be normally performed, if reaming operation is not required in the drilling operation process, a sizing drill blade 4 on the drill bit assembly 20 performs drilling operation, when the geological characteristic change is required, a hydraulic control valve can be opened, liquid is injected into the hydraulic jack 7 through a high-pressure injection tube 22, so that a reaming adjustment drill blade 5 is ejected out of a drill blade groove, and the sizing drill blade 4 is matched for completing reaming operation. In addition, as the two different hydraulic control valves are arranged in the embodiment, the reaming adjustment drill edges with different lengths are respectively controlled, so that the actions of the different hydraulic control valves can be controlled according to different reaming requirements; when long-distance reaming is needed, the first reaming adjusting drill blade 51 is driven to extend out of the first drilling blade groove 321 by controlling the first hydraulic control valve 231 to act, and when short-distance reaming is needed, the second reaming adjusting drill blade 52 is driven to extend out of the second drilling blade groove 322 by controlling the second hydraulic control valve 232 to act.
Furthermore, in this embodiment, the hydraulic jack 7 and the cutting bit both adopt a hydraulic control principle, and a liquid channel is provided in the hydraulic jack, and the working principle of the hydraulic drill bit of the present invention adopts a conventional hydraulic control means in the art, which is not described in detail herein.
The method for using the mining hydraulic reducing reamer bit provided by the invention is described in detail below.
Example 1
The application method of the mining hydraulic reducing reamer bit specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a variable-diameter reaming bit with a proper size, connecting a drill rod assembly 10 and a bit assembly 20, and preparing for drilling operation;
s2, starting a sizing drill blade 4 to perform punching operation, observing the characteristic change of the coal and rock mass of the target area in the construction process, and if no change occurs and no geological structure affecting the construction effect occurs, not performing reaming operation;
s3, if the characteristics of the coal and rock mass are obviously changed or a geological structure affecting the construction effect appears, opening a reaming adjustment drill blade 5, pushing out the reaming adjustment drill blade 5 under the action of driving force to perform drilling operation, and enlarging the diameter of the drill bit;
s4, opening a control part of the hydraulic control mechanism, then driving the hydraulic reaming driving part to act, further slowly pushing out the reaming adjustment drill blade 5, and simultaneously starting to cut coal and rock bodies in front of a drilling hole and on the wall of the hole by the reaming adjustment drill blade 5 until the reaming adjustment drill blade is completely extended, and completing reaming operation by the drill under the state that the reaming adjustment drill blade is extended;
s5, in the coal rock mass reaming process, a reaming starting point, a reaming process point and a reaming completion point are sequentially arranged on the coal rock mass drilling from front to back, the fixed-diameter distance and the reaming distance of the coal rock mass drilling are determined, and the drilling operation is carried out according to the determined reaming distance.
Example two
The application method of the mining hydraulic reducing reamer bit specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a variable-diameter reaming bit corresponding to geological characteristics of a construction borehole at a construction site, setting reaming adjustment drill edges with corresponding dimensions, connecting a drill rod assembly 10 and a drill bit assembly 20, keeping two reaming adjustment drill edges 5 in a contracted state, and preparing for coal and rock mass drilling operation.
S2, as shown in FIG. 10, starting a sizing drill blade 4 to perform punching operation, wherein at the moment, a reaming adjustment drill blade 5 is in a contracted state, in the drawing, the aperture H of a drilled hole drilled by the sizing drill blade 4 is a sizing distance, in the drilling construction process, observing the characteristic change of a coal and rock mass in a target area, and if the characteristic of the coal and rock mass is unchanged and a geological structure which can influence the final construction effect does not appear, not performing reaming operation; if the characteristics of the coal and rock mass change obviously or a geological structure affecting the construction effect appears, the drilling hole drilled by the sizing drill blade 4 has no larger help in the later period, and the reaming operation needs to be started by the reaming adjustment drill blade.
S3, taking long-distance reaming adjustment as an example, as shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, the first reaming adjustment drill blade 51 extends out of the first drilling blade groove 321 to perform reaming operation;
from point a in the figure, the first pilot operated valve 231 is opened, the first high pressure syringe 221 is turned on, high pressure liquid is injected into the hydraulic ram 7 located in the first drill blade groove 321 through the first high pressure syringe 221, the hydraulic ram 7 is extended outward, the first reaming adjustment drill blade 51 is driven to slowly push out from the first drill blade groove 321, and reaming operation is started.
S4, the first reaming adjustment drill blade 51 extends outwards under the action of hydraulic driving force, the cutting blade 54 begins to cut a coal stratum (point B) in front of a drilling hole and on the wall of the hole until the cutting blade 54 extends completely from the first reaming groove 321 (point C), and then the drill finishes reaming operation in a state that the first reaming adjustment drill blade 51 extends completely.
In the embodiment, when the characteristics of the coal and rock mass change, the point A is a point corresponding to a reaming adjustment drill edge, namely, the point A is a reaming starting point, the point B is a reaming process point, and the point C is a reaming completion point; the distance from the point A to the point C of the diameter of the drilling hole is called the hole expansion distance L, and the coal rock wall from the point A to the point B, C is the hole expansion wall.
In the reaming process of the coal rock mass, the invention can carry out final drilling operation according to the fixed diameter distance and the hole-enlarging distance determined by the drilling of the coal rock mass.
In the drilling construction process, when the characteristics of the coal rock mass change and the drill bit model needs to be changed, the variable-diameter reaming bit provided by the invention does not need to repeatedly withdraw and change the drill bit, does not need to change the drill bits of other specifications to carry out adaptive drilling, and has the advantages of simple operation, simple and direct process, time and labor saving and high drilling efficiency. According to the invention, the adaptive reaming operation can be carried out according to the characteristic change of the coal rock mass, when the reaming operation is not needed, only the sizing drill blade 4 on the drill bit assembly 20 works, and when the reaming operation is needed, the reaming adjustment drill blade 5 carries out the reaming operation under the driving action of the hydraulic control mechanism 2 on the drill rod main body 1; the invention can adjust the suitability of the reaming adjustment drill edges according to the actual geological characteristics in the drilling process, can install drills of different types according to the actual use requirements for drilling operation, is provided with a plurality of reaming adjustment drill edges of different types, can be selected according to the actual reaming distance, and has strong adaptability.
The end part of the drill rod main body 1 and the drill bit main body 3 are connected in a detachable mode through threads, so that the drill rod is convenient to use, transport and assemble; in addition, the hydraulic sealing device 6 is arranged between the end part of the high-pressure injection tube 22 and the hydraulic ram 7, so that when the driving main body 21 is connected with the driving groove 31 of the drill bit assembly 20, the contact parts of the two structures are tightly attached, stable sealing is realized, high-pressure liquid is prevented from leaking, efficient driving is realized, and the use reliability of the reducing reaming drill bit is ensured.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships such as the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present application is not intended to be limiting, but is intended to cover any and all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a mining hydraulic pressure reducing reaming drill bit, includes drilling rod subassembly and drill bit subassembly, the drill bit subassembly sets up the tip of drilling rod subassembly, its characterized in that, the drilling rod subassembly includes the drilling rod main part and sets up hydraulic control mechanism in the drilling rod main part, the drill bit subassembly includes the drilling bit main part, be provided with sizing drill bit and reaming regulation drill bit on the drilling bit main part, hydraulic control mechanism with the reaming is adjusted the drill bit and is connected, just hydraulic control mechanism drive the reaming is adjusted the drill bit and is reamed work.
2. The mining hydraulic reducing reamer bit according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic control mechanism comprises a control part and a hydraulic reamer driving part, the hydraulic control mechanism is connected with the reamer adjusting drill blade through the hydraulic reamer driving part, and the hydraulic reamer driving part drives the reamer adjusting drill blade to radially move so as to perform reaming work.
3. The mining hydraulic variable diameter reamer bit according to claim 2, wherein the control part is connected with the hydraulic reamer driving part through a hydraulic conveying mechanism, the hydraulic reamer driving part comprises a driving main body, one end of the hydraulic conveying mechanism is connected with the control part, and the other end of the hydraulic conveying mechanism extends into the driving main body along the axial direction of the drill rod main body.
4. A mining hydraulic variable diameter reamer bit according to claim 3, wherein the end of the hydraulic delivery mechanism is connected to the reamer adjustment blade by a hydraulic sealing means.
5. The mining hydraulic variable diameter reaming bit according to claim 2, wherein the hydraulic reaming driving part is of a convex structure arranged on the periphery of the drill rod main body, a groove which is connected with the convex structure in an adaptive manner is formed in the inner side of the bit main body, the hydraulic reaming driving part is arranged in the groove of the bit main body, a drill blade groove is further formed in the bit main body, and the reaming adjusting drill blade is arranged in the drill blade groove.
6. The mining hydraulic variable diameter reamer bit according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein at least one reamer adjusting drill bit is arranged on the bit body, the reamer adjusting drill bit is arranged along the circumferential direction of the bit body, a power supply mechanism is connected to the inner side of the reamer adjusting drill bit, and the outer end of the hydraulic control mechanism is connected with the reamer adjusting drill bit through the power supply mechanism.
7. The mining hydraulic variable diameter reamer bit of claim 6, wherein the bit body is provided with two reamer adjustment blades, a first reamer adjustment blade and a second reamer adjustment blade, respectively, and wherein the reamer diameters of the first reamer adjustment blade and the second reamer adjustment blade are different.
8. The mining hydraulic reducing reaming bit of claim 6, wherein the power supply mechanism is a multi-stage hydraulic ram structure, the inner end of the hydraulic ram structure is arranged on the bit body and connected with the hydraulic control mechanism, and the outer end of the hydraulic ram structure is connected with the reaming adjustment drill blade.
9. The mining hydraulic variable diameter reamer bit of claim 1, wherein the bit assembly is detachably connected to the drill rod assembly, and wherein an injection tube is provided in the drill rod body, and the injection tube communicates the drill rod body with the bit body.
10. A method of using a mining hydraulic variable diameter reamer bit according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
s1, selecting a variable-diameter reaming bit with a proper size, connecting a drill rod assembly and the bit assembly, and preparing for drilling operation;
s2, starting a sizing drill blade to perform punching operation, observing the characteristic change of the coal and rock mass of the target area in the construction process, and if no change occurs and no geological structure affecting the construction effect occurs, not performing reaming operation;
s3, if the characteristics of the coal and rock mass are obviously changed or a geological structure affecting the construction effect appears, opening a reaming adjustment drill blade, pushing out the reaming adjustment drill blade under the action of driving force to perform drilling operation, and enlarging the diameter of the drill bit;
s4, opening a control part of the hydraulic control mechanism, then driving a hydraulic reaming driving part to act, further slowly pushing out a reaming adjustment drill bit, starting to cut coal and rock mass in front of a drilling hole and on the wall of the hole by the reaming adjustment drill bit until the reaming adjustment drill bit is completely extended, and completing reaming operation by the drill bit in a state that the reaming adjustment drill bit is extended;
s5, in the coal rock mass reaming process, a reaming starting point, a reaming process point and a reaming completion point are sequentially arranged on the coal rock mass drilling from front to back, the fixed-diameter distance and the reaming distance of the coal rock mass drilling are determined, and the drilling operation is carried out according to the determined reaming distance.
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| CN202311304225.1A CN117307042B (en) | 2023-10-10 | 2023-10-10 | Mining hydraulic reducing reamer bit and use method thereof |
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| CN202311304225.1A CN117307042B (en) | 2023-10-10 | 2023-10-10 | Mining hydraulic reducing reamer bit and use method thereof |
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| CN117307042B CN117307042B (en) | 2024-09-03 |
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| CN117307042B (en) | 2024-09-03 |
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