CN117306513A - Non-directional supporting method and device for road bridge emergency construction - Google Patents
Non-directional supporting method and device for road bridge emergency construction Download PDFInfo
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- CN117306513A CN117306513A CN202311255329.8A CN202311255329A CN117306513A CN 117306513 A CN117306513 A CN 117306513A CN 202311255329 A CN202311255329 A CN 202311255329A CN 117306513 A CN117306513 A CN 117306513A
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/12—Temporary supports for use during building; Accessories
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D22/00—Methods or apparatus for repairing or strengthening existing bridges ; Methods or apparatus for dismantling bridges
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D37/00—Repair of damaged foundations or foundation structures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
- E04G23/04—Propping of endangered or damaged buildings or building parts, e.g. with respect to air-raid action
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2600/00—Miscellaneous
- E02D2600/30—Miscellaneous comprising anchoring details
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of building emergency construction, and discloses a non-directional support method and a support device for road bridge emergency construction, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s1, preparing two or more adjustable support columns; s2, pre-combining the adjustable support columns; s3, carrying out unoriented support on the supported building structural member; s4, grouting gaps around the supported building structural member; s5, testing the building structural surface and performing subsequent operation. According to the invention, by combining the support devices by a non-directional construction method, the structure design of the A, B two adjustable support columns is reasonable, the two support columns can be quickly and freely combined according to the requirements of emergency construction to form a support combination body with a required angle and length for support, and the functions of damaged building structural members can be quickly repaired and the basic traffic capacity of roads and bridges can be restored by matching with grouting operation; or the construction site of the new project is provided with support for the space of the operation site, so that the safety of constructors is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building emergency construction, in particular to a non-directional support method and a support device for road and bridge emergency construction, which can quickly recover basic traffic capacity.
Background
In the prior art, partial sections of a plurality of roads in a larger geographic area range of roads and bridges are often caused by geological disasters such as earthquakes, debris flows, floods and the like, and continuous cracking, collapse, rollover and other damage accidents occur at the same time, so that the traffic capacity is completely lost or mostly lost; however, these damaged accidents often occur on the key road section with heavy traffic or the road section with the throat, so that the external emergency vehicles, large and medium emergency equipment and emergency substances cannot be transported to the accident place, and rapid emergency repair cannot be performed, so that the traffic capacity is recovered.
In the prior art, road, bridge and culvert holes are generally designed by adopting a structure design that a concrete prefabricated template is arranged on a supporting steel beam, and the supporting steel beam is arranged on pile foundations or other building structural members of road, bridge foundations; when the accident happens, the supporting steel beam, the concrete prefabricated formwork and the pile foundation or the part with weak structure of the road and bridge foundation can be damaged, if the supporting steel beam, the concrete prefabricated formwork and the pile foundation or the part with weak structure of the road and bridge foundation are required to be rapidly salvaged, large and medium construction equipment and a large amount of building materials are required to be used, however, the mode obviously cannot simultaneously construct damaged road sections of a plurality of roads in a large geographic area range, only construction can be started from two sides, the time for recovering the traffic capacity of the roads can be inevitably greatly delayed, and the rapid transportation of medium and large rescue equipment, a large amount of rescue workers and substances can not be supported in a short time, so that rescue is implemented in a disaster area within 24 hours.
The supporting method for road bridge emergency construction in the prior art can adopt an anchor cable reinforcing technology, a steel plate reinforcing technology, an anchor spraying reinforcing technology, a cement pouring technology, a retaining wall technology and the like, but has the defects of more required construction equipment, more construction materials, more construction personnel, long construction time and the like, and cannot quickly recover the basic traffic capacity of a plurality of sections of damaged roads.
In order to solve the problem of tunnel steel arch support in road and bridge construction, china patent document ZL202123064915.3 discloses a temporary supporting device for tunnel steel arch, which comprises a supporting steel pipe and an adjusting screw, wherein a supporting component is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the supporting steel pipe, a thread groove is formed in the top of the supporting steel pipe and is in threaded connection with the adjusting screw, a turntable is fixedly arranged at the top end of the adjusting screw, a fixed column is fixedly arranged at the top end of the turntable, a supporting plate is fixedly arranged at the top end of the fixed column, limit grooves are formed in two sides of the supporting plate, limit frames are slidably connected in the two limit grooves, and fixing components are arranged at two sides of the supporting plate; this strutting arrangement can in time support steel bow member, prevents that the side wall surrounding rock from excavated the back unstability and collapsing, and the strutting arrangement is taken off again when waiting to install next step steel bow member, guarantees when realizing circulated use that steel bow member carries out effective support to tunnel surrounding rock, guarantee excavation and support team workman's safety. However, the support device has only one degree of freedom, can support the steel arch springing only in the vertical direction, and the single support device has a limited support height, usually not exceeding 2.5 meters.
Culverts are aisle holes under railway bridges or under highway bridges, and are generally between 4.5 meters and 5.5 meters in height. According to the national highway engineering technical standard, the net height of culverts of expressways, primary roads and secondary roads is 5 meters, and the net height of culverts of roads and secondary roads is 4.5 meters. The overpass and overpass have a height limit of 2.8-3.6 m, and the public bridge has a height limit of 3.5-4.5 m. In addition, the design size of the road and bridge culvert of the existing highway generally requires that the traffic safety of the maintenance cover surface and part of special ultrahigh vehicles possibly be implemented in consideration of the perspective, and simultaneously the requirement of construction clearance is considered, and the clearance height of the bridge crossing the level road above the county road (including the county road) is increased to 5.5m as much as possible; cement road and rural road are 5.0m, and others are 4.5m. Therefore, the supporting device provided by the patent document has only one degree of freedom and a height of less than 2.5 meters, and the supporting devices cannot be combined, so that the supporting device cannot be obviously applied to rescue repair construction or supporting operation of a road bridge culvert and a bridge.
Therefore, the construction method and the supporting device in the prior art cannot meet the requirements of rescue and relief work of high-value targets such as less equipment, personnel and materials, rapid repair of multiple sections of damaged roads, rapid recovery of basic traffic capacity, passage of rescue equipment, personnel and materials, rapid expansion of rescue personnel life and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a non-directional support method and a support device for road and bridge emergency construction, wherein the support device is formed by combining two adjustable support columns in an end-to-end mode, the adjustable support column is A, B, two adjustable support column structural designs can be combined in a pairwise free mode according to the requirements of freedom degree and length, the light weight and combined design is adopted, manual hiking is facilitated, and the support device is used for non-directional support and support in road and bridge emergency construction and support and grouting repair; A. the two support columns B can be quickly and freely combined according to the requirements of emergency construction to form a support combination body with a required angle and a required length for support; the functions of the damaged building structural parts can be quickly repaired within a few hours by matching with grouting operation, and the basic traffic capacity of roads and bridges is recovered; or the construction site of the new project is provided with support for the space of the operation site, so that the safety of constructors is ensured.
The technical scheme is as follows:
a non-directional support method for road bridge emergency construction comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a plurality of adjustable support columns: two or more adjustable support columns which can be connected end to end and combined with each other are respectively prepared, and each adjustable support column is at least provided with one vertical movement degree of freedom and two rotation degrees of freedom; the support column comprises a bottom ball joint top supporting plate, an A-shaped spiral supporting rod, an A-shaped bottom supporting plate and an A-shaped ground anchor block which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, wherein the bottom ball joint top supporting plate is connected with a ball head of the A-shaped spiral supporting rod through a bottom groove in a shaft way to form a spherical pair, and the lower end of the A-shaped spiral supporting rod is connected with the A-shaped ground anchor block through the A-shaped bottom supporting plate; the other type is a B-type adjustable support column, which comprises a B-type top supporting plate, a B-type spiral supporting rod, a B-type bottom supporting plate and a B-type ground anchor block which are also connected in turn from top to bottom, wherein the B-type top supporting plate is fixedly connected with the B-type spiral supporting rod, and the B-type ground anchor block is connected with the lower end of the B-type spiral supporting rod in a shaft way through the B-type bottom supporting plate to form a revolute pair;
S2, pre-combining the adjustable support column: at least two A-type and B-type adjustable support columns are respectively transported to a road bridge rescue construction site, and the two adjustable support columns are pre-combined according to site support requirements to form an unoriented support combination body comprising at least five degrees of freedom, specifically an unoriented support combination body comprising three combination forms: the A-type, the A-type and the B-type adjustable support columns are combined, and the two adjustable support columns are connected with corresponding joint surfaces in advance, so that each unoriented support combination body after connection has at least five degrees of freedom;
s3, carrying out unoriented support on the supported building structural member: the operator selects a proper pre-combination scheme according to the support requirement, and sets the support combination body at the position where the support is required to carry out actual combination; according to the function of a damaged building structural member of a road bridge or the requirement of protecting site operators, determining the positions of the supporting starting points and the supporting ending points of two adjustable supporting columns in the non-oriented supporting assembly, cooperatively adjusting the directions and the inclined angles of supporting rods of the two adjustable supporting columns after head-to-tail connection, manually driving the spiral supporting rods to obtain the required length, fastening and orienting the non-oriented supporting assembly through the pretightening force of the spiral supporting rods, enabling the axes of the two spiral supporting rods of the non-oriented supporting assembly to form a straight line, reducing the freedom degree of the non-oriented supporting assembly to 0, and carrying out oriented supporting or supporting on the site building structural member, wherein the straight line is the stress direction;
S4, grouting gaps around the supported building structural member: grouting gaps between the supported damaged building structural member and the road bridge foundation or other road bridge structural members by using a solidifiable fluid building material by operators, so that the fluid building material fully fills and solidifies the gaps;
s5, testing the building structural surface and carrying out subsequent operation: testing the function recovery condition of the damaged structural member and the surrounding building structural surfaces; if the function recovery condition of the damaged structural member and the surrounding building structural surface meets the requirement, the adjustable support column is removed, the step S3 is repeated reversely, the support assembly is removed, and the step S4 is repeated again to repair the damaged structural member at the next position; and if the function recovery condition of the damaged structural member and the surrounding building structural surfaces does not meet the requirement, the support assembly is not removed, the support for reinforcing the damaged structural member and the surrounding building structural surfaces is not needed, or a new support assembly is additionally arranged, and the steps S2-S4 are repeated until the function recovery condition of the damaged structural member and the surrounding building structural surfaces meets the requirement, the pass is recovered, or the support level of a construction site meets the design standard, and the safety of rescue construction operators is ensured.
The step S1 comprises the following steps:
s11: preparing an A-type adjustable support column to have 4 degrees of freedom, wherein a spherical pair formed by the shaft connection of a jacking plate and a ball head of a spiral support rod has three degrees of freedom, and the length of the spiral support rod can be expanded and contracted and has one degree of freedom;
s12: the B-type adjustable support column is prepared to have 3 degrees of freedom, wherein the length of the spiral support rod can be expanded and contracted, the spiral support rod has one degree of freedom, and the spiral support rod is axially connected with the ground anchor block to form a revolute pair with two degrees of freedom.
The lower end of the A-type spiral telescopic rod is connected with the A-type ground anchor block through an A-type bottom support plate through screws, the lower end of the B-type spiral telescopic rod is hinged with the top surface of the B-type bottom support plate, and the bottom surface of the B-type bottom support plate is connected with the B-type ground anchor block through screws;
the step S2 comprises the following steps:
s21: when pre-combining the A-type and the A-type adjustable support columns, firstly removing the A-type ground anchor block of the first A-type adjustable support column, and then connecting the A-type bottom support plate of the first A-type adjustable support column with the bottom ball joint top support plate of the second A-type adjustable support column through bolts;
s22: when pre-combining the A-type and B-type adjustable support columns, firstly removing an A-type ground anchor block of the A-type adjustable support column, and then connecting the A-type ground anchor block with a B-type jacking plate of the B-type adjustable support column through a A-type bottom supporting plate of the A-type adjustable support column by bolts;
S23: when the pre-combination of the B-type and the B-type adjustable supporting columns is carried out, the B-type ground anchor block of the first B-type adjustable supporting column is firstly disassembled, then the supporting direction of the first B-type adjustable supporting column is reversed, so that the B-type top support plate of the first B-type adjustable supporting column is arranged below, the B-type bottom support plate of the first B-type adjustable supporting column is arranged above, and then the B-type top support plate of the first B-type adjustable supporting column is connected with the B-type top support plate of the second B-type adjustable supporting column through bolts.
The step S3 includes the steps of:
s31: the method comprises the steps that an operator analyzes the field situation, a building structure surface area for single supporting operation is marked, damaged structural members needing supporting in the area, a supported surface and a supporting angle of the supported building structural members are determined, and then a proper supporting surface is determined;
s32: the operator selects a proper number of pre-combined support assemblies in a combined form according to the support requirement, and determines the support scheme of the starting point and the end point of each assembly;
s33: carrying out unoriented support on a supported building structural member: the operator sets each support assembly at the position to be supported according to the support requirement and the determined pre-combination scheme, and performs actual combination and support; according to the function of recovering damaged structural members of roads and bridges or the requirement of protecting site operators, determining the positions of supporting starting points and end points of two adjustable supporting columns in the unoriented supporting assembly, and cooperatively adjusting the directions and the inclination angles of supporting rods of the two adjustable supporting columns after head-to-tail connection; each support assembly is sequentially arranged at the position to be supported by an operator according to a support scheme;
S34: and repeating the step S33 for a plurality of times, sequentially carrying out multi-point support on a plurality of building structural members in the building structural surface area of the single support operation, and then carrying out subsequent integral grouting to achieve the effect of recovering the functions of the local structural surface of the building.
The step S4 includes the steps of:
s41, preparing a liquid rapid-hardening and swelling high polymer grouting material, specifically one of acrylate or polyurethane two-component rapid-hardening and swelling high polymer slurries;
step S42, punching a plurality of grouting holes on the reinforcing working surface, and respectively inserting grouting steel flowtubes into the grouting holes;
step S43, respectively connecting the outlet of the pressure pipeline to the inlet of the grouting steel floral tube, fastening and sealing;
step S44, pressurizing the liquid rapid-hardening and expanding high polymer grouting material by using liquid pressure equipment, continuously feeding the material into an inlet of a grouting steel floral tube, rapidly mixing the rapid-hardening and expanding high polymer grouting material in the grouting steel floral tube, expanding the volume of the rapid-hardening and expanding high polymer grouting material, and diffusing the rapid-hardening and expanding high polymer grouting material into pores of a surrounding building structural member through holes of the grouting steel floral tube;
and S45, stopping grouting after reaching the set grouting time or the set grouting pressure value, waiting for the volume of the high polymer grouting material to expand and solidify continuously, filling up and pressurizing building construction holes in the peripheral area of the grouting steel pipe, and firmly bonding the building construction holes so that the building components in the area quickly recover the structural strength of the building construction holes.
The road bridge emergency construction non-directional support device for implementing the method comprises a plurality of non-directional support assemblies, wherein each non-directional support assembly comprises two adjustable support columns; the non-directional support assembly is formed by combining two adjustable support columns end to end, wherein the adjustable support columns are A-type adjustable support columns or B-type adjustable support columns; the adjustable support column comprises an A-type spiral telescopic rod, a bottom ball-joint top supporting plate, an A-type bottom supporting plate and a quadrangular type A ground anchor block, the adjustable support column comprises a B-type spiral telescopic rod, a B-type top supporting plate, a B-type bottom supporting plate and a quadrangular type B-type ground anchor block, the upper end of the A-type spiral telescopic rod is in spherical hinge joint with the bottom surface of the bottom ball-joint top supporting plate, the lower end of the A-type spiral telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the top surface of the A-type bottom supporting plate, the upper end of the B-type spiral telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the B-type top supporting plate, and the lower end of the B-type spiral telescopic rod is hinged with the top surface of the B-type bottom supporting plate; the upper ends of the A-type ground anchor block and the B-type ground anchor block are respectively and movably connected with the bottom surfaces of the A-type bottom supporting plate and the B-type bottom supporting plate, the A-type ground anchor block and the B-type ground anchor block are gradually reduced from top to bottom, and a plurality of corresponding connecting bolt holes are respectively formed in the bottom ball joint top supporting plate, the A-type bottom supporting plate, the B-type top supporting plate and the B-type bottom supporting plate.
The A-type spiral telescopic rod comprises an A-type inner spiral hollow supporting pipe, an A-type outer spiral supporting screw rod and an A-type supporting rotary table, wherein the A-type supporting rotary table is provided with a first screw hole matched with the A-type outer spiral supporting screw rod, the lower end of the A-type inner spiral hollow supporting pipe is fixedly connected with the top surface of the A-type bottom supporting plate, the upper end of the A-type inner spiral hollow supporting pipe is rotationally connected with the bottom surface of the A-type supporting rotary table, the lower end of the A-type outer spiral supporting screw rod penetrates through the first screw hole of the A-type supporting rotary table to extend into the lumen of the A-type inner spiral hollow supporting pipe, and is in threaded connection with the A-type supporting rotary table, and the upper end of the A-type outer spiral supporting screw rod is in spherical hinge joint with the bottom surface of the bottom ball-joint top supporting plate.
The A-shaped adjustable support column further comprises four A-shaped reinforcing ribs, and the four A-shaped reinforcing ribs are arranged at the joint of the A-shaped inner spiral hollow support tube and the A-shaped bottom support plate.
The B-type spiral telescopic rod comprises a B-type inner spiral hollow supporting pipe, a B-type outer spiral supporting screw rod and a B-type supporting rotary table, wherein the B-type supporting rotary table is provided with a second screw hole matched with the B-type outer spiral supporting screw rod, the lower end of the B-type inner spiral hollow supporting pipe is hinged to the top surface of the B-type bottom supporting plate, the upper end of the B-type inner spiral hollow supporting pipe is rotationally connected with the bottom surface of the B-type supporting rotary table, the lower end of the B-type outer spiral supporting screw rod penetrates through the second screw hole of the B-type supporting rotary table to extend into the lumen of the B-type inner spiral hollow supporting pipe, and is in threaded connection with the B-type supporting rotary table, and the upper end of the B-type outer spiral supporting screw rod is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the B-type top supporting plate.
The B-type adjustable support column further comprises four B-type reinforcing ribs, and the four B-type reinforcing ribs are arranged at the joint of the B-type internal spiral hollow support tube and the B-type top support plate.
The number of the connecting bolt holes of the bottom ball top supporting plate, the A-shaped bottom supporting plate, the B-shaped top supporting plate and the B-shaped bottom supporting plate is four, and the four connecting bolt holes are respectively arranged at the four corners of the bottom ball top supporting plate, the A-shaped bottom supporting plate, the B-shaped top supporting plate and the B-shaped bottom supporting plate.
The circumference lateral surface of the A-type supporting turntable and the B-type supporting turntable are respectively provided with an A-type rotating handle and a B-type rotating handle.
It should be noted that:
in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", etc. are based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the azimuth or positional relationship conventionally put in use of the product of the present invention, or the azimuth or positional relationship conventionally understood by those skilled in the art, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific azimuth, be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The advantages and principles of the invention are described below:
1. according to the non-directional support method and the support device for road and bridge emergency construction, the purpose of rapidly repairing damaged roads and bridges is achieved through flexible assembly and cooperative cooperation of the non-directional support method and the support device. The supporting device comprises a plurality of unoriented supporting assemblies, each unoriented supporting assembly is formed by combining two adjustable supporting columns in an end-to-end mode, the adjustable supporting columns are A, B, and two adjustable supporting column structural designs can be freely combined between every two adjustable supporting columns to obtain the length, the angle and the degree of freedom required by effective supporting; the single strip adopts a light-weight and combined design, is convenient for manual hiking and carrying, and is used for non-directional support and support (vertical, horizontal and arbitrary oblique) in road and bridge emergency rescue construction, and a construction method of support and grouting repair is supported; A. the two support columns B can be quickly and freely combined according to the requirements of emergency construction to form a support combination with a required angle and length, and the support combination is suitable for various construction foundations (including hard ground, soft ground and the like) and is used for effective support; the functions of repairing damaged building structural members are quickly achieved by matching with grouting operation of quick setting slurry, increasing the connection strength between damaged structural members, and the basic traffic capacity of roads and bridges can be recovered within a few hours; or the construction site of the new project is provided with support for the space of the operation site, so that the safety of constructors is ensured.
2. When the emergency materials and equipment are transported, the non-directional support method and the cooperative cooperation of the support device for road and bridge emergency construction are adopted, the transportation of transport means (such as automobiles and the like) is not needed in short distance, a plurality of adjustable support columns can be carried to a construction site by manpower (or animal power) in a hiking way, the difficulties of complex topography and inconvenient traffic in disaster areas are overcome, and a small amount of carried building materials are matched, so that the original road and bridge building structural members (especially the partially damaged structural members) are utilized to carry out emergency construction on the damaged road and bridge, and the primary passing capacity (bearing 5-10T) is recovered through emergency operation within 12 hours after disaster; the invention has the advantages of small single length, light weight and portability, and can be directly transported to the site (without constructing a transportation channel) by a constructor in a hiking way, and the invention utilizes the original structural member to carry out supporting construction and provide multi-point unoriented self-adaptive supporting; grouting is carried out after supporting, so that the damaged structural part quickly recovers the primary bearing capacity, the breakpoints of the road and bridge are quickly connected, and the primary traffic and transportation capacity is recovered.
3. According to the non-directional support method and the support device for road and bridge emergency construction, each connected non-directional support assembly has at least five degrees of freedom, so that the non-directional support assembly can be more attached and stable to a support contact surface of a starting point or an end point to be supported, a proper support surface (comprising a bottom surface and a top surface, and preferably selecting a hard place and avoiding a soft place) can be selected, and the stability and the safety of the non-directional support method and the support assembly are improved.
4. The non-directional support method for road and bridge emergency construction provided by the invention has the advantages that the support device can bear various external force and internal force, the stability and bearing capacity of the support device are kept, the phenomena of displacement, deformation, sliding and the like are prevented, the construction safety is ensured, and the stability of the non-directional support method and the structure of the support device are embodied.
5. According to the non-directional support method for road and bridge emergency construction, in the emergency construction, through experimental tests, the support structure formed by the plurality of assemblies can be quickly installed, quickly supported and quickly restored to the functions of a damaged structure, and in most cases, the basic traffic capacity of the road and bridge can be restored within a plurality of hours (the restoration speed of a culvert is faster than that of a bridge), so that people can be helped to quickly control dangerous cases (including secondary dangerous cases), the loss caused by disasters or accidents is reduced, and the non-directional support method and the support device are verified to be rapid, efficient and effective.
6. The non-directional support method and the support device for road and bridge emergency construction provided by the invention can flexibly configure the combination form, the combination angle and the length of two adjustable support columns according to different conditions of roads and bridges and culverts, so that the support device can adapt to different geological conditions, road and bridge structural forms and construction environments according to different forms and characteristics, and the wide adaptability of the non-directional support method and the support device is verified.
7. The non-directional support device for road and bridge emergency construction provided by the invention has enough reliability and durability, and the support operation surface can bear long-time use and attack (such as aftershock) of various secondary natural disasters under the condition of no disassembly, so that the safe use of a repaired road and bridge culvert is ensured, and the reliability of the non-directional support method and the support device is verified.
8. The non-directional support device for road and bridge emergency construction provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, economy, practicability, low manufacturing and transportation cost and reduced construction cost and maintenance cost on the premise of ensuring the safety and stability, so that the non-directional support method and the support device have better economy.
9. The invention adopts the rapid hardening expansion type high polymer grouting material to grouting gaps between the supported damaged building structural member and road bridge foundation or other road bridge structural members, and the fluid building slurry is fully filled in the gaps and solidified by pressurization; the high polymer grouting material has good expansibility, the expansion ratio can reach 20:1, the cavity and the crack can be effectively filled, the gap of the structural member is compacted, and the bearing capacity of the structural member is rapidly improved. The high polymer adopted by the invention does not contain moisture, the grouting operation does not reduce the strength of road and bridge structural members, and the high polymer has the advantage of quick setting, can be generally set within 60-120 seconds, and greatly shortens the construction period. The high polymer grouting material has lighter weight, and has smaller additional load on the road and bridge structural member with the existing damage, and the stability of the structural member with the damaged part is not affected. The high polymer grouting material is matched with the supporting device, has the advantages of large operation freedom, light equipment, less material consumption, short supporting operation time, firm supporting foundation at two ends and good effect, and is very suitable for emergency rescue treatment of disaster danger. Of course, the method can also be applied to the necessary temporary support operation in the initial construction of large and medium-sized equipment before approach in the newly built road and bridge project.
10. The A-type spiral telescopic rod comprises an A-type inner spiral hollow support pipe, an A-type outer spiral support screw rod and an A-type support turntable, the B-type spiral telescopic rod comprises a B-type inner spiral hollow support pipe, a B-type outer spiral support screw rod and a B-type support turntable, the A-type spiral telescopic rod can drive the outer spiral support screw rod to rotate through the support turntable, the telescopic length of the spiral telescopic rod can be adjusted under the threaded connection of the outer spiral support screw rod and the support turntable, the A-type inner spiral hollow support pipe is applicable to use with different protection heights, the B-type inner spiral hollow support pipe, the B-type outer spiral support screw rod and the B-type support turntable are reliably self-locked, and the non-directional support method and the support device are improved in applicability.
11. The A-type adjustable support column further comprises four A-type reinforcing ribs, wherein the four A-type reinforcing ribs are used for improving the connection stability of the A-type inner spiral hollow support tube and the A-type bottom support plate.
12. The B-type adjustable support column further comprises four B-type reinforcing ribs, wherein the four B-type reinforcing ribs are used for improving the connection stability of the B-type internal spiral hollow support tube and the B-type top support plate.
13. According to the invention, the bottom ball joint top supporting plate, the A-type bottom supporting plate, the B-type top supporting plate and the B-type bottom supporting plate are respectively provided with the connecting bolt holes, the connecting bolt holes facilitate the end-to-end connection of two adjustable supporting columns, and the rapidity of the non-directional supporting method and the pre-combination of the supporting combination body is improved.
14. According to the invention, the rotating handle is arranged on the circumferential outer side surface of the supporting turntable, so that the manual rotation operation of the supporting turntable is facilitated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional outline structure of an a-type adjustable support column of an emergency construction support device for a road bridge in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is an exploded structure schematic diagram of an a-type adjustable support column of the road bridge emergency construction support device according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional outline structure of a B-type adjustable support column of the road bridge emergency construction support device according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a B-type adjustable support column of the road bridge emergency construction support device according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional structure of an a-type adjustable support column stacked above a B-type adjustable support column according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional outline structure of an a-type adjustable support column according to an embodiment of the present invention stacked above the a-type adjustable support column.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional structure of a B-type adjustable support column according to an embodiment of the present invention stacked above the B-type adjustable support column.
Fig. 8 is a schematic top view of an embodiment of an adjustable support column of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic top view of an embodiment of a B-type adjustable support column.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view showing a state of vertical support after two adjustable support columns are combined according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view showing a state of the diagonal support after two adjustable support columns are combined according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view showing a state of the horizontal support after two adjustable support columns are combined according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
10. the adjustable support column of A type, 11, A type spiral telescopic link, 111, the hollow support pipe of A type internal screw, 112, the outer spiral support screw of A type, 113, A type support carousel, 12, bottom ball connects top layer board, 13, A type bottom layer board, 14, the ground anchor piece of A type, 15, A type strengthening rib, 16, A type twist grip, 20, the adjustable support column of B type, 21, B type spiral telescopic link, 211, the hollow support pipe of B type internal screw, 212, the outer spiral support screw of B type, 213, B type support carousel, 22, B type top layer board, 23, B type bottom layer board, 24, B type ground anchor piece, 25, B type strengthening rib, 26, B type twist grip, 30, connecting bolt hole.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail.
The invention provides a non-directional support method and a support device for road and bridge rescue emergency construction, which are used for meeting the requirements of rescue and relief work of high-value targets such as rapid restoration of basic traffic capacity, subsequent rescue equipment, personnel and materials passing through and rapid expansion of rescue personnel life and the like by adopting fewer equipment, personnel and materials to rapidly repair bridges, culverts and other facilities of a plurality of sections of damaged roads caused by large-area earthquake, geological disasters and the like; the temporary support operation in early construction before large and medium-sized equipment approach in road and bridge project construction can be met.
In order that the invention may be readily understood, a more complete description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, the same numbers in different drawings refer to the same or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary examples are not representative of all implementations consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with some aspects of the present disclosure as detailed in the accompanying claims.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1 to 12, the non-directional support method for road and bridge emergency construction provided by the embodiment is applied to road and bridge emergency quick emergency construction in large-area geological disasters (such as earthquakes), and comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a plurality of adjustable support columns: respectively preparing an A/B adjustable support column made of two or more light alloy which can be connected end to end and combined with each other, wherein each adjustable support column is provided with at least one vertical movement degree of freedom and two rotation degrees of freedom; one of the supporting columns is an A-type adjustable supporting column 10, which comprises a bottom ball-joint top supporting plate 12, an A-type spiral supporting rod, an A-type bottom supporting plate 13 and an A-type ground anchor block 14 which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, wherein the bottom ball-joint top supporting plate 12 is connected with a ball head of the A-type spiral supporting rod in a shaft way through a bottom groove to form a spherical pair, and the lower end of the A-type spiral supporting rod is connected with the A-type ground anchor block 14 through the A-type bottom supporting plate 13; the other type is a B-type adjustable support column 20, which comprises a B-type top supporting plate 22, a B-type spiral supporting rod, a B-type bottom supporting plate 23 and a B-type ground anchor block 24 which are also connected in turn from top to bottom, wherein the B-type top supporting plate 22 is fixedly connected with the B-type spiral supporting rod, and the B-type ground anchor block 24 is connected with the lower end of the B-type spiral supporting rod in a shaft way through the B-type bottom supporting plate 23 to form a revolute pair; the contact surface of the A-type spiral supporting rod of the A-type adjustable supporting column 10 forming a spherical pair and the bottom ball joint top supporting plate 12, and the hinge surface of the B-type spiral supporting rod of the B-type adjustable supporting column 20 forming a revolute pair and the B-type bottom supporting plate 23 are rough surfaces, displacement can be generated between the two surfaces when no pretightening force exists, the screw is self-locking and cannot be generated between the two surfaces when pretightening force exists, and the degree of freedom between the two surfaces is reduced to 0; in addition, a hinge locking mechanism can be arranged at the hinge position of the B-type spiral supporting rod and the B-type bottom supporting plate 23, when the B-type spiral supporting rod and the B-type bottom supporting plate 23 are required to rotate freely, the hinge locking mechanism can be opened, and when the connection between the B-type spiral supporting rod and the B-type bottom supporting plate 23 is required to be fixed, the hinge locking mechanism can be locked; the step S1 specifically includes:
S11: preparing an A-type adjustable support column 10 to have 4 degrees of freedom, wherein a spherical pair formed by the shaft connection of a jacking plate and a ball head of a spiral support rod has three degrees of freedom, and the length of the spiral support rod can be expanded and contracted and has one degree of freedom;
s12: preparing a B-type adjustable support column 20 to have 3 degrees of freedom, wherein the length of a spiral support rod can be expanded and contracted, the spiral support rod has one degree of freedom, and the spiral support rod is axially connected with a ground anchor block to form a revolute pair with two degrees of freedom;
s2, pre-combining the adjustable support column: at least two (10-20 usually one supporting working surface is 10-20) A-type and B-type adjustable supporting columns 20 are transported to road bridge emergency construction sites through hiking respectively, and the two adjustable supporting columns are pre-combined according to site supporting requirements to form an unoriented supporting assembly comprising at least five degrees of freedom, in particular to an unoriented supporting assembly comprising three combination forms: the A type, the A type and the B type, the B type and the B type adjustable support columns 20 are combined, and the corresponding joint surfaces of the two adjustable support columns are connected in advance, so that each unoriented support combination body after connection has at least five degrees of freedom; the lower end of the A-shaped spiral telescopic rod 11 is connected with the A-shaped ground anchor block 14 through an A-shaped bottom support plate 13 through screws, the lower end of the B-shaped spiral telescopic rod 21 is hinged with the top surface of the B-shaped bottom support plate 23, and the bottom surface of the B-shaped bottom support plate 23 is connected with the B-shaped ground anchor block 24 through screws; the step S2 specifically comprises the following steps:
S21: when the pre-combination of the A-type and the A-type adjustable supporting columns is carried out, firstly, the A-type ground anchor block 14 of the first A-type adjustable supporting column 10 is detached, and then the A-type ground anchor block is connected with the bottom ball joint top support plate 12 of the second A-type adjustable supporting column 10 through the A-type bottom support plate 13 of the first A-type adjustable supporting column 10 (see figure 6);
s22: when pre-combining the A-type and B-type adjustable support columns, firstly removing the A-type ground anchor block 14 of the A-type adjustable support column 10, and then bolting the A-type bottom support plate 13 of the A-type adjustable support column 10 and the B-type top support plate 22 of the B-type adjustable support column 20 (see figure 5);
s23: when the pre-assembly of the B-type and B-type adjustable support columns is performed, the B-type ground anchor block 24 of the first B-type adjustable support column 20 is removed, then the supporting direction of the first B-type adjustable support column 20 is reversed, so that the B-type top support plate 22 of the first B-type adjustable support column 20 is positioned below, the B-type bottom support plate 23 of the first B-type adjustable support column 20 is positioned above, and then the B-type top support plate 22 of the first B-type adjustable support column 20 is connected with the B-type top support plate 22 of the second B-type adjustable support column 20 through bolts (see fig. 7).
S3, carrying out unoriented support on the supported building structural member: the operator selects a proper pre-combination scheme according to the support requirement, and sets the support combination body at the position where the support is required to carry out actual combination; according to the function of the damaged building structural member of the recovery road bridge or the requirement of protecting site operators, the positions of the supporting starting point (top surface) and the supporting end point (bottom surface) of two adjustable supporting columns in the unoriented supporting assembly are determined, and preferably, hard ground and soft ground are avoided; for unavoidable soft ground (such as a bottom mud part of a bridge-free foundation), reinforcement is needed (including that an adjustable support column is immersed in the bottom mud in advance, or stone and plate-shaped structural members are immersed in the bottom mud in advance to obtain a hard ground, and the upper part is connected with a support assembly); after the positioning of the top surface and the bottom surface is determined, the directions and the inclination angles of the support rods after the head and the tail of the two adjustable support columns are connected are cooperatively regulated, then the spiral support rods are manually driven to obtain the required support point positions and lengths, the unoriented support combination is fastened, oriented and self-locked through the pretightening force of the spiral support rods, so that the axes of the two spiral support rods of the unoriented support combination are in a straight line, the degree of freedom of the unoriented support combination is reduced to 0, the on-site building structural member is directionally supported or supported, and the straight line is the stress direction (the axial direction of the support combination overlaps with the stress line in the support state after the support combination is connected); the step S3 can be repeated for a plurality of times according to the requirement of an actual construction operation surface, a plurality of building structural members in a certain area are supported, and grouting is carried out after multi-point and reliable support so as to achieve the effect of recovering the functions of a large area of a local building structural surface;
S4, grouting gaps around the supported building structural member: the operators use the solidifiable fluid building material (the bi-component high polymer resin is adopted in the embodiment), after pressurization, gaps between the supported damaged building structural member and the road bridge foundation or other road bridge structural members are grouted, so that the fluid building material fully fills the gaps and solidifies; it should be noted that, step S4 may be performed with holes in advance as required, so as to facilitate grouting operation, and simultaneously perform major reinforcement on the severely damaged area;
s5, testing the building structural surface and carrying out subsequent operation: testing the overall function recovery condition of the damaged structural member and the surrounding building structural surfaces; if the restoration condition of the function entirety of the damaged structural member and the surrounding building structural surface reaches the preset requirement (such as 5-10T), the adjustable support column is removed, the step S3 is repeated reversely, the support assembly is removed, the step S4 is repeated again, the new working surface is used, and the damaged structural member at the next position is restored; and if the function recovery condition of the damaged structural member and the surrounding building structural surfaces does not meet the requirement, the support assembly is not removed, the support for reinforcing the damaged structural member and the surrounding building structural surfaces is not removed, or a new support assembly is additionally arranged, and the steps S2-S4 are repeated until the function recovery condition of the damaged structural member and the surrounding building structural surfaces meets the requirement, and the traffic is recovered. The general first-aid repair construction is carried out for 1-2 hours, so that the road culvert or single-section bridge with the length of 10-15 m, the width of 4-6 m and the height of 4-5.5 m can recover the basic traffic capacity, the support level of a construction site can be quickly enabled to reach the design standard, the construction is carried out in a successive support and layer-by-layer propulsion mode in the construction process, collapse can be avoided, subsequent aftershock is resisted, scattered falling of building structural members is prevented, and the safety of emergency construction operators is ensured.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a road bridge emergency construction non-directional support device for implementing the method, which comprises a plurality of non-directional support assemblies made of light metal materials, wherein each non-directional support assembly comprises two adjustable support columns, the weight of each non-directional support column is about 10-15 kg, the folded length is 1.5-1.8 m, and the length of the folded non-directional support assembly after being completely stretched out (the self-locking section of 20 cm is reserved) is about 2.8-3.4 m; the unoriented supporting assembly is formed by combining two adjustable supporting columns end to end, the total length of the combined unoriented supporting assembly is about 5.4-6.4 meters, the effective supporting height is 5-6 meters, and the unoriented supporting assembly can meet the requirements of most rescue constructions; the adjustable support column is an A-type adjustable support column 10 or a B-type adjustable support column 20; the A-type adjustable support column 10 comprises an A-type spiral telescopic rod 11, a bottom ball-joint top supporting plate 12, an A-type bottom supporting plate 13 and a quadrangular A-type ground anchor block 14, the B-type adjustable support column 20 comprises a B-type spiral telescopic rod 21, a B-type top supporting plate 22, a B-type bottom supporting plate 23 and a quadrangular B-type ground anchor block 24, the upper end of the A-type spiral telescopic rod 11 is in spherical hinge joint with the bottom surface of the bottom ball-joint top supporting plate 12, the lower end of the A-type spiral telescopic rod 11 is fixedly connected with the top surface of the A-type bottom supporting plate 13, the upper end of the B-type spiral telescopic rod 21 is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the B-type top supporting plate 22, and the lower end of the B-type spiral telescopic rod 21 is in hinge joint with the top surface of the B-type bottom supporting plate 23; the upper ends of the A-type ground anchor block 14 and the B-type ground anchor block 24 are respectively and movably connected with the bottom surfaces of the A-type bottom supporting plate 13 and the B-type bottom supporting plate 23, the A-type ground anchor block 14 and the B-type ground anchor block 24 are gradually reduced from top to bottom, and a plurality of corresponding connecting bolt holes 30 are respectively formed in the bottom ball joint top supporting plate 12, the A-type bottom supporting plate 13, the B-type top supporting plate 22 and the B-type bottom supporting plate 23.
The supporting device comprises a plurality of unoriented supporting assemblies, each unoriented supporting assembly is formed by connecting two adjustable supporting columns end to end and combining the two adjustable supporting columns, the two adjustable supporting column structural designs of the adjustable supporting column A, B can be freely combined in degree of freedom, and the unoriented supporting and supporting (vertical, horizontal and any oblique directions, see fig. 10-12) in road and bridge emergency rescue construction can be better supported by adopting a light-weight combined design, is convenient for manual hiking and is used for supporting and supporting the unoriented supporting and supporting in the road and bridge emergency rescue construction; A. the two adjustable support columns B can be quickly and freely combined according to the requirements of emergency construction to form a support combination body with a required angle and a required length for support; the functions of the damaged building structural parts are quickly repaired by matching with grouting operation, and the traffic capacity of roads and bridges is recovered; or the construction site of the new project is provided with support for the space of the operation site, so that the safety of constructors is ensured.
In the damaged road and road broken area, when the organization carries the emergency matters and equipment to the disaster area, the invention adopts the non-directional support method and the support device for the road and bridge emergency construction to carry out the emergency repair operation to the damaged road and bridge; carrying a plurality of adjustable supporting columns to a construction site of a damaged road bridge by manpower (or animal power and the like) to carry out non-directional supporting, matching with a small amount of carried equipment and building materials (including small power generation, perforation, grouting and other equipment and grouting materials), carrying out emergency rescue construction on the damaged road bridge by using the original building structural members, enabling the damaged road bridge to recover the preliminary passing capacity (bearing 5-10T) within 12 hours after disaster, and then enabling more rescue equipment and substances to be sent forward; the unidirectional support device provided by the invention adopts a light-weight and portable design, the single folded height is lower than 1.6 m and is about 20 kg, and the unidirectional support device can be directly carried to the site by constructors, performs support construction by utilizing the original structural member, and provides multipoint unidirectional and self-adaptive support; grouting is carried out after supporting, so that the damaged structural part can quickly recover the primary bearing capacity, the break points of the road and bridge can be quickly connected within a plurality of hours, and the primary traffic and transportation capacity is recovered.
Each connected non-directional support assembly provided by the embodiment of the invention has at least five degrees of freedom, so that the non-directional support assembly can be more attached and stable to a support contact surface of a starting point or a terminal point to be supported, and the stability and the safety of the support of the non-directional support assembly are improved.
The multi-point and reliable supporting device can bear various external force and internal force, keep the stability and bearing capacity of the supporting device, prevent the road and bridge from displacement, deformation, sliding and other phenomena in the follow-up process (including aftershock and the like), ensure the construction safety and embody the stability of the structure of the supporting device. In the emergency construction, the supporting structure can be transported, installed and supported quickly, so that dangerous situations can be controlled as soon as possible, disaster or accident loss is reduced, and the rapidity and effectiveness of the supporting method are embodied.
According to the unoriented supporting method and the supporting device for road and bridge emergency construction, provided by the invention, according to different conditions of road and bridge culverts and different construction site conditions, the supporting device can flexibly adjust parameters such as starting points, finishing points, angles, lengths and the like of the supporting according to different building forms and site characteristics so as to adapt to various different geological conditions, structural forms and construction environments, and the adaptability of the supporting method and the supporting device is embodied.
The non-directional support device for road and bridge emergency construction provided by the invention has enough reliability and durability, can bear long-time use and attack of various natural disasters (including secondary disasters), can ensure continuous and safe use of road and bridge culverts after emergency, avoids repeated emergency, and reflects the reliability and effectiveness of the support method and device. On the premise of ensuring safety and stability, the invention has the advantages of simple, economical and practical structure, less used equipment and materials, reduced construction cost and maintenance cost, and embodying the economical efficiency of the non-directional support method and the support device.
The A-type spiral telescopic rod 11 comprises an A-type inner spiral hollow supporting tube 111 made of metal, an A-type outer spiral supporting screw rod 112 and an A-type supporting rotary table 113, wherein the A-type supporting rotary table 113 is provided with a first screw hole matched with the A-type outer spiral supporting screw rod 112, the lower end of the A-type inner spiral hollow supporting tube 111 is fixedly connected with the top surface of the A-type bottom supporting plate 13, the upper end of the A-type inner spiral hollow supporting tube 111 is rotatably connected with the bottom surface of the A-type supporting rotary table 113, the lower end of the A-type outer spiral supporting screw rod 112 penetrates through the first screw hole of the A-type supporting rotary table 113, stretches into the cavity of the A-type inner spiral hollow supporting tube 111 and is in threaded connection with the A-type supporting rotary table 113, and the upper end of the A-type outer spiral supporting screw rod 112 is in spherical hinge joint with the bottom surface of the bottom ball joint top supporting plate 12.
The B-type spiral telescopic rod 21 comprises a B-type inner spiral hollow supporting tube 211, a B-type outer spiral supporting screw 212 and a B-type supporting rotary table 213 which are made of metal materials, the B-type supporting rotary table 213 is provided with a second screw hole matched with the B-type outer spiral supporting screw 212, the lower end of the B-type inner spiral hollow supporting tube 211 is hinged with the top surface of the B-type bottom supporting plate 23, the upper end of the B-type inner spiral hollow supporting tube 211 is rotatably connected with the bottom surface of the B-type supporting rotary table 213, the lower end of the B-type outer spiral supporting screw 212 penetrates through the second screw hole of the B-type supporting rotary table 213 to extend into the cavity of the B-type inner spiral hollow supporting tube 211 and is in threaded connection with the B-type supporting rotary table 213, and the upper end of the B-type outer spiral supporting screw 212 is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the B-type top supporting plate 22.
According to the spiral telescopic rod, the outer spiral supporting screw rod can be driven to rotate through the supporting turntable, the telescopic length of the spiral telescopic rod can be adjusted under the threaded connection of the supporting turntable and the outer spiral supporting screw rod, a self-locking area with the length of about 20cm is reserved, the spiral telescopic rod can be suitable for supporting heights of 4-5.5m after being combined, and the applicability of the spiral telescopic rod is greatly improved.
The a-type adjustable support column 10 further comprises four a-type reinforcing ribs 15, and the four a-type reinforcing ribs 15 are arranged at the joint of the a-type inner spiral hollow support tube 111 and the a-type bottom support plate 13. Four A-shaped reinforcing ribs 15 are used for improving the connection stability of the A-shaped inner spiral hollow support tube 111 and the A-shaped bottom support plate 13.
The B-shaped adjustable support column 20 further comprises four B-shaped reinforcing ribs 25, and the four B-shaped reinforcing ribs 25 are arranged at the joint of the B-shaped inner spiral hollow support tube 211 and the B-shaped jacking plate 22. Four B-type reinforcing ribs 25 are used to improve the connection stability of the B-type inner spiral hollow support tube 211 and the B-type top support plate 22.
The number of the connecting bolt holes 30 of the bottom ball-joint top supporting plate 12, the A-shaped bottom supporting plate 13, the B-shaped top supporting plate 22 and the B-shaped bottom supporting plate 23 is four, and the four connecting bolt holes 30 are respectively arranged at the four corners of the bottom ball-joint top supporting plate 12, the A-shaped bottom supporting plate 13, the B-shaped top supporting plate 22 and the B-shaped bottom supporting plate 23. The connecting bolt holes 30 facilitate the end-to-end connection of the two adjustable support columns, and improve the pre-combination rapidity of the unoriented support combination.
The a-type support turntable 113 and the B-type support turntable 213 are respectively provided with an a-type rotating handle 16 and a B-type rotating handle 26 on the circumferential outer sides thereof. A rotating handle is arranged on the circumferential outer side surface of the supporting turntable, so that the rotating operation of the supporting turntable is facilitated.
Example 2:
the unoriented supporting method for road and bridge emergency construction provided by the embodiment 2 of the invention is basically the same as the embodiment 1, and is different in that: the step S3 specifically comprises the following steps:
s31: the method comprises the steps that an operator analyzes the field situation, a building structure surface area for single supporting operation is marked, damaged structural members needing supporting in the area are determined, the supported surface (comprising a top surface and a bottom surface) and a supporting angle of the supported building structural members are determined, and then a proper supporting surface and a supporting acceptance line are determined;
s32: the operator selects a proper number of pre-combined support assemblies in a combined form according to the support requirement, and determines the support scheme of the starting point and the end point of each assembly so as to enable the stress line of each assembly to coincide with the axis of each assembly;
s33: carrying out unoriented support on a supported building structural member: the operator sets each support assembly at the position to be supported according to the support requirement and the determined pre-combination scheme, and performs actual combination and support; according to the function of recovering damaged structural members of roads and bridges or the requirement of protecting site operators, the positions of supporting starting points and end points of two adjustable supporting columns in the unoriented supporting assembly are determined, the directions and the inclination angles of supporting rods of the two adjustable supporting columns after head-to-tail connection are cooperatively regulated, and the stress line of each assembly is ensured to coincide with the axis of the supporting rod; each support assembly is sequentially arranged at the position to be supported by an operator according to a support scheme; the step S33 further specifically includes the following steps:
S331, respectively connecting the bottom ball joint top support plate 12, the A-shaped bottom support plate 13 and the B-shaped top support plate 22 and the B-shaped bottom support plate 23 of the A-shaped adjustable support column 10 and a supported plane, respectively adjusting the lengths and the connecting middle parts of the A-shaped spiral support rod and the B-shaped spiral support rod, finally adjusting the whole inclination angle of the combined body, manually rotating the screw rod to a set height, and then performing thread self-locking and pre-tightening;
s332, determining the positions of the support starting points and the support ending points of two adjustable support columns in the unoriented support combination according to the function of a damaged building structural member of a recovery road bridge or the requirement of a protection field operator, cooperatively adjusting the directions and the inclination angles of the spiral telescopic rods after the head and the tail of the two adjustable support columns, manually driving the spiral support rods to obtain the required length, fastening and orienting the unoriented support combination by the pretightening force of the spiral support rods, enabling the axes of the two spiral support rods of the unoriented support combination to be in a straight line, reducing the freedom degree of the unoriented support combination to 0, and carrying out directional support or support on the field building structural member, wherein the axes of the two spiral support rods of the unoriented support combination are in a straight line and are stressed directions, and the stress line of each combination coincides with the axes after the connection;
S34: and repeating the step S33 for a plurality of times, sequentially carrying out multi-point support on a plurality of building structural members in the building structural surface area defining single support operation, and then carrying out subsequent integral grouting so as to achieve the effect of recovering the integral functions of the building local structural surface in a large area.
Example 3:
the unoriented supporting method for road and bridge emergency construction provided by the embodiment 3 of the invention is basically the same as the embodiment 2, and is different in that: the step S4 specifically comprises the following steps:
s41, preparing a liquid rapid-hardening and swelling high polymer grouting material, specifically one of acrylate or polyurethane two-component rapid-hardening and swelling high polymer slurries;
step S42, punching a plurality of grouting holes on the reinforcing working surface, and respectively inserting grouting steel flowtubes into the grouting holes;
step S43, respectively connecting the outlet of the pressure pipeline to the inlet of the grouting steel floral tube, fastening and sealing;
step S44, pressurizing the liquid rapid-hardening and expanding high polymer grouting material by using liquid pressure equipment, continuously feeding the material into an inlet of a grouting steel floral tube, rapidly mixing the rapid-hardening and expanding high polymer grouting material in the grouting steel floral tube, expanding the volume of the rapid-hardening and expanding high polymer grouting material, and diffusing the rapid-hardening and expanding high polymer grouting material into pores of a surrounding building structural member through holes of the grouting steel floral tube;
And S45, stopping grouting after reaching the set grouting time or the set grouting pressure value, waiting for the volume of the high polymer grouting material to expand and solidify continuously, filling up and pressurizing building construction holes in the peripheral area of the grouting steel pipe, and firmly bonding the building construction holes so that the building components in the area quickly recover the structural strength of the building construction holes.
The rapid hardening expansion type high polymer grouting material is used for grouting gaps between the supported damaged building structural member and road bridge foundation or other road bridge structural members, so that the fluid building material fully fills the gaps and solidifies, the high polymer grouting material with good expansibility is different from the dry shrinkage property of the conventional cement in hardening, the expansion ratio of the high polymer grouting material can reach 20:1, and the high polymer grouting material can effectively fill cavities and cracks, compact the building structural members and improve the bearing capacity. The high polymer grouting material adopted by the invention has the advantage of quick setting, can be generally set within 60-120 seconds, and greatly shortens the construction period. Meanwhile, the high polymer grouting material adopted by the invention has lighter weight, is convenient for hiking transportation, has smaller additional load on the damaged building structural parts, and does not influence the stability among the building structural parts. The invention has the advantages of large operation freedom, light equipment, short supporting time and good effect, is very suitable for emergency rescue treatment of disaster situations, and effectively solves the defects of long construction period, poor effect and the like of the conventional cement construction supporting rescue.
The invention adopts the double-component high polymer grouting equipment to carry out high-pressure grouting on the cracks of the building structural member through the steel pipe, so that the double-component rapid hardening and expanding high polymer grouting material can quickly penetrate into the cracks at all positions and quickly expand and solidify, thereby playing a role in quickly solidifying each damaged building structural member; meanwhile, redundant high polymer slurry can be split in cracks of the structural member, the crushed building structural member is compacted, dendritic high polymer slurry veins taking the steel pipe as a main body are formed, the function of three-dimensional reinforcement is achieved on loose building structural member fragments, and the stability of the building structural member is further enhanced.
The two-component quick-setting expansion high polymer grouting material adopted by the invention is a grouting material composed of two or more different components, and has the characteristics of quick setting, expansion, high strength and the like. The expansion ratio of the two-component high polymer grouting material can reach 20:1, and the cohesive force of the hard connecting surface of the structural member can be improved by about 150-480 kPa after the two-component high polymer grouting material is expanded and solidified in cracks. The two-component quick-setting swelling high polymer grouting material can be selected from acrylic acid salt type slurry or polyurethane type slurry; the acrylate slurry is prepared by taking acrylate as a base material and adding additives such as an accelerator, an expanding agent, a thickener and the like, and has the characteristics of better cohesiveness, durability, impermeability, quick setting, expansion and the like. The polyurethane slurry is prepared by taking polyurethane as a base material and adding additives such as an accelerator, an expanding agent, a thickener and the like, has better cohesiveness, durability and impermeability, and has better low-temperature performance and quick solidification performance.
The organic resin base material adopted by other embodiments of the invention can also comprise the following components: epoxy resin, phenolic resin, unsaturated polyester resin, etc., which can be specifically selected according to specific requirements and construction conditions of the emergency construction.
According to the unidirectional support method and the unidirectional support device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the actual measurement is carried out on an internal research and development test site, and the practical test shows that the unidirectional support method and the unidirectional support device for road and bridge rescue emergency construction are suitable for hiking with a short distance (1-2 km), can be carried by a single person for 2-4 times, can meet the hiking emergency rescue repair when a plurality of road bridges are damaged due to large-area disasters, do not need to build construction channel transportation equipment and materials in advance, can overcome various difficulties, quickly reach construction sites and develop construction operations, quickly restore a plurality of damaged roads (including culverts and bridges) by adopting fewer equipment, personnel and materials, enable the road and bridge rescue emergency construction equipment, personnel and materials to pass through, quickly reach a disaster area, and develop rescue and relief work of high-value targets such as rescue personnel and the like.
The A, B adjustable support columns can be prepared and stored in batch in a factory in advance, can be quickly allocated and transported to a place which can be reached and is closer to a construction site for unloading according to the requirements of emergency construction by using vehicles and the like, can be transported to the emergency construction site by artificial hiking at the transportation distance of traffic interruption, can be freely combined according to the requirements of a working face to form a support assembly with required angle and length, and can be used for multipoint and reliable support; the grouting operation of rapid solidification and expansion is further matched, the functions of a plurality of damaged building structural members can be rapidly repaired within a few hours, and the basic traffic capacity of roads and bridges is recovered; the temporary support can also be provided for the construction site in the early stage of new projects, and the temporary support can be provided for the operation site space with collapse danger such as mountain lands, steep slopes, caverns and the like at two sides before large and medium-sized equipment enters the field, so that the safety of constructors is ensured.
The foregoing is merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention; any substitutions and modifications made without departing from the spirit of the invention are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (12)
1. The unoriented supporting method for road and bridge emergency construction is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
S1, preparing a plurality of adjustable support columns: two or more adjustable support columns which can be connected end to end and combined with each other are respectively prepared, and each adjustable support column is at least provided with one vertical movement degree of freedom and two rotation degrees of freedom; the support column comprises a bottom ball joint top supporting plate, an A-shaped spiral supporting rod, an A-shaped bottom supporting plate and an A-shaped ground anchor block which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, wherein the bottom ball joint top supporting plate is connected with a ball head of the A-shaped spiral supporting rod through a bottom groove in a shaft way to form a spherical pair, and the lower end of the A-shaped spiral supporting rod is connected with the A-shaped ground anchor block through the A-shaped bottom supporting plate; the other type is a B-type adjustable support column, which comprises a B-type top supporting plate, a B-type spiral supporting rod, a B-type bottom supporting plate and a B-type ground anchor block which are also connected in turn from top to bottom, wherein the B-type top supporting plate is fixedly connected with the B-type spiral supporting rod, and the B-type ground anchor block is connected with the lower end of the B-type spiral supporting rod in a shaft way through the B-type bottom supporting plate to form a revolute pair;
s2, pre-combining the adjustable support column: at least two A-type and B-type adjustable support columns are respectively transported to a road bridge rescue construction site, and the two adjustable support columns are pre-combined according to site support requirements to form an unoriented support combination body comprising at least five degrees of freedom, specifically an unoriented support combination body comprising three combination forms: the A-type, the A-type and the B-type adjustable support columns are combined, and the two adjustable support columns are connected with corresponding joint surfaces in advance, so that each unoriented support combination body after connection has at least five degrees of freedom;
S3, carrying out unoriented support on the supported building structural member: the operator selects a proper pre-combination scheme according to the support requirement, and sets the support combination body at the position where the support is required to carry out actual combination; according to the function of a damaged building structural member of a road bridge or the requirement of protecting site operators, determining the positions of the supporting starting points and the supporting ending points of two adjustable supporting columns in the non-oriented supporting assembly, cooperatively adjusting the directions and the inclined angles of supporting rods of the two adjustable supporting columns after head-to-tail connection, manually driving the spiral supporting rods to obtain the required length, fastening and orienting the non-oriented supporting assembly through the pretightening force of the spiral supporting rods, enabling the axes of the two spiral supporting rods of the non-oriented supporting assembly to form a straight line, reducing the freedom degree of the non-oriented supporting assembly to 0, and carrying out oriented supporting or supporting on the site building structural member, wherein the straight line is the stress direction;
s4, grouting gaps around the supported building structural member: grouting gaps between the supported damaged building structural member and the road bridge foundation or other road bridge structural members by using a solidifiable fluid building material by operators, so that the fluid building material fully fills and solidifies the gaps;
S5, testing the building structural surface and carrying out subsequent operation: testing the function recovery condition of the damaged structural member and the surrounding building structural surfaces; if the function recovery condition of the damaged structural member and the surrounding building structural surface meets the requirement, the adjustable support column is removed, the step S3 is repeated reversely, the support assembly is removed, and the step S4 is repeated again to repair the damaged structural member at the next position; and if the function recovery condition of the damaged structural member and the surrounding building structural surfaces does not meet the requirement, the support assembly is not removed, the support for reinforcing the damaged structural member and the surrounding building structural surfaces is not needed, or a new support assembly is additionally arranged, and the steps S2-S4 are repeated until the function recovery condition of the damaged structural member and the surrounding building structural surfaces meets the requirement, the pass is recovered, or the support level of a construction site meets the design standard, and the safety of rescue construction operators is ensured.
2. The non-directional support method for road and bridge emergency construction according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 comprises the following steps:
s11: preparing an A-type adjustable support column to have 4 degrees of freedom, wherein a spherical pair formed by the shaft connection of a jacking plate and a ball head of a spiral support rod has three degrees of freedom, and the length of the spiral support rod can be expanded and contracted and has one degree of freedom;
S12: the B-type adjustable support column is prepared to have 3 degrees of freedom, wherein the length of the spiral support rod can be expanded and contracted, the spiral support rod has one degree of freedom, and the spiral support rod is axially connected with the ground anchor block to form a revolute pair with two degrees of freedom.
3. The unidirectional support method for road and bridge emergency construction according to claim 1, wherein the lower end of the A-shaped spiral telescopic rod is connected with the A-shaped ground anchor block through an A-shaped bottom support plate through screws, the lower end of the B-shaped spiral telescopic rod is hinged with the top surface of the B-shaped bottom support plate, and the bottom surface of the B-shaped bottom support plate is connected with the B-shaped ground anchor block through screws;
the step S2 comprises the following steps:
s21: when pre-combining the A-type and the A-type adjustable support columns, firstly removing the A-type ground anchor block of the first A-type adjustable support column, and then connecting the A-type bottom support plate of the first A-type adjustable support column with the bottom ball joint top support plate of the second A-type adjustable support column through bolts;
s22: when pre-combining the A-type and B-type adjustable support columns, firstly removing an A-type ground anchor block of the A-type adjustable support column, and then connecting the A-type ground anchor block with a B-type jacking plate of the B-type adjustable support column through a A-type bottom supporting plate of the A-type adjustable support column by bolts;
S23: when the pre-combination of the B-type and the B-type adjustable supporting columns is carried out, the B-type ground anchor block of the first B-type adjustable supporting column is firstly disassembled, then the supporting direction of the first B-type adjustable supporting column is reversed, so that the B-type top support plate of the first B-type adjustable supporting column is arranged below, the B-type bottom support plate of the first B-type adjustable supporting column is arranged above, and then the B-type top support plate of the first B-type adjustable supporting column is connected with the B-type top support plate of the second B-type adjustable supporting column through bolts.
4. The non-directional support method for road and bridge emergency construction according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 comprises the following steps:
s31: the method comprises the steps that an operator analyzes the field situation, a building structure surface area for single supporting operation is marked, damaged structural members needing supporting in the area, a supported surface and a supporting angle of the supported building structural members are determined, and then a proper supporting surface is determined;
s32: the operator selects a proper number of pre-combined support assemblies in a combined form according to the support requirement, and determines the support scheme of the starting point and the end point of each assembly;
s33: carrying out unoriented support on a supported building structural member: the operator sets each support assembly at the position to be supported according to the support requirement and the determined pre-combination scheme, and performs actual combination and support; according to the function of recovering damaged structural members of roads and bridges or the requirement of protecting site operators, determining the positions of supporting starting points and end points of two adjustable supporting columns in the unoriented supporting assembly, and cooperatively adjusting the directions and the inclination angles of supporting rods of the two adjustable supporting columns after head-to-tail connection; each support assembly is sequentially arranged at the position to be supported by an operator according to a support scheme;
S34: and repeating the step S33 for a plurality of times, sequentially carrying out multi-point support on a plurality of building structural members in the building structural surface area of the single support operation, and then carrying out subsequent integral grouting to achieve the effect of recovering the functions of the local structural surface of the building.
5. The non-directional support method for road and bridge emergency construction according to claim 1, wherein the step S4 comprises the following steps:
s41, preparing a liquid rapid-hardening and swelling high polymer grouting material, specifically one of acrylate or polyurethane two-component rapid-hardening and swelling high polymer slurries;
step S42, punching a plurality of grouting holes on the reinforcing working surface, and respectively inserting grouting steel flowtubes into the grouting holes;
step S43, respectively connecting the outlet of the pressure pipeline to the inlet of the grouting steel floral tube, fastening and sealing;
step S44, pressurizing the liquid rapid-hardening and expanding high polymer grouting material by using liquid pressure equipment, continuously feeding the material into an inlet of a grouting steel floral tube, rapidly mixing the rapid-hardening and expanding high polymer grouting material in the grouting steel floral tube, expanding the volume of the rapid-hardening and expanding high polymer grouting material, and diffusing the rapid-hardening and expanding high polymer grouting material into pores of a surrounding building structural member through holes of the grouting steel floral tube;
And S45, stopping grouting after reaching the set grouting time or the set grouting pressure value, waiting for the volume of the high polymer grouting material to expand and solidify continuously, filling up and pressurizing building construction holes in the peripheral area of the grouting steel pipe, and firmly bonding the building construction holes so that the building components in the area quickly recover the structural strength of the building construction holes.
6. A road bridge emergency construction non-directional support device for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of non-directional support assemblies, each comprising two adjustable support columns; the non-directional support assembly is formed by combining two adjustable support columns end to end, wherein the adjustable support columns are A-type adjustable support columns or B-type adjustable support columns; the adjustable support column comprises an A-type spiral telescopic rod, a bottom ball-joint top supporting plate, an A-type bottom supporting plate and a quadrangular type A ground anchor block, the adjustable support column comprises a B-type spiral telescopic rod, a B-type top supporting plate, a B-type bottom supporting plate and a quadrangular type B-type ground anchor block, the upper end of the A-type spiral telescopic rod is in spherical hinge joint with the bottom surface of the bottom ball-joint top supporting plate, the lower end of the A-type spiral telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the top surface of the A-type bottom supporting plate, the upper end of the B-type spiral telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the B-type top supporting plate, and the lower end of the B-type spiral telescopic rod is hinged with the top surface of the B-type bottom supporting plate; the upper ends of the A-type ground anchor block and the B-type ground anchor block are respectively and movably connected with the bottom surfaces of the A-type bottom supporting plate and the B-type bottom supporting plate, the A-type ground anchor block and the B-type ground anchor block are gradually reduced from top to bottom, and a plurality of corresponding connecting bolt holes are respectively formed in the bottom ball joint top supporting plate, the A-type bottom supporting plate, the B-type top supporting plate and the B-type bottom supporting plate.
7. The road bridge emergency construction supporting device according to claim 6, wherein the A-shaped spiral telescopic rod comprises an A-shaped inner spiral hollow supporting tube, an A-shaped outer spiral supporting screw rod and an A-shaped supporting rotary disc, the A-shaped supporting rotary disc is provided with a first screw hole matched with the A-shaped outer spiral supporting screw rod, the lower end of the A-shaped inner spiral hollow supporting tube is fixedly connected with the top surface of the A-shaped bottom supporting plate, the upper end of the A-shaped inner spiral hollow supporting tube is rotatably connected with the bottom surface of the A-shaped supporting rotary disc, the lower end of the A-shaped outer spiral supporting screw rod penetrates through the first screw hole of the A-shaped supporting rotary disc to extend into the tube cavity of the A-shaped inner spiral hollow supporting tube and is in threaded connection with the A-shaped supporting rotary disc, and the upper end of the A-shaped outer spiral supporting screw rod is in spherical hinge connection with the bottom surface of the bottom ball joint top supporting plate.
8. The road bridge emergency construction support device according to claim 7, wherein the A-shaped adjustable support column further comprises four A-shaped reinforcing ribs, and the four A-shaped reinforcing ribs are arranged at the connection parts of the A-shaped inner spiral hollow support tube and the A-shaped bottom support plate.
9. The road bridge emergency construction supporting device according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the B-shaped spiral telescopic rod comprises a B-shaped inner spiral hollow supporting tube, a B-shaped outer spiral supporting screw rod and a B-shaped supporting rotary table, the B-shaped supporting rotary table is provided with a second screw hole matched with the B-shaped outer spiral supporting screw rod, the lower end of the B-shaped inner spiral hollow supporting tube is hinged with the top surface of the B-shaped bottom support plate, the upper end of the B-shaped inner spiral hollow supporting tube is rotatably connected with the bottom surface of the B-shaped supporting rotary table, the lower end of the B-shaped outer spiral supporting screw rod penetrates through the second screw hole of the B-shaped supporting rotary table, stretches into the tube cavity of the B-shaped inner spiral hollow supporting tube and is in threaded connection with the B-shaped supporting rotary table, and the upper end of the B-shaped outer spiral supporting screw rod is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the B-shaped top support plate.
10. The road bridge emergency construction support device according to claim 9, wherein the B-type adjustable support column further comprises four B-type reinforcing ribs, and the four B-type reinforcing ribs are arranged at the joint of the B-type internal spiral hollow support tube and the B-type top support plate.
11. The road bridge emergency construction supporting device according to claim 10, wherein the number of the connecting bolt holes of the bottom ball-joint top supporting plate, the A-shaped bottom supporting plate, the B-shaped top supporting plate and the B-shaped bottom supporting plate is four, and each four connecting bolt holes are respectively arranged at four corners of the bottom ball-joint top supporting plate, the A-shaped bottom supporting plate, the B-shaped top supporting plate and the B-shaped bottom supporting plate.
12. The road bridge emergency construction supporting device according to claim 11, wherein the circumferential outer sides of the A-type supporting turntable and the B-type supporting turntable are respectively provided with an A-type rotating handle and a B-type rotating handle.
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| CN117306513B (en) | 2024-04-09 |
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