CN117301592A - Preparation method of full-composite material hydrogen storage bottle for plastic liner carbon fiber winding vehicle - Google Patents
Preparation method of full-composite material hydrogen storage bottle for plastic liner carbon fiber winding vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN117301592A CN117301592A CN202310448506.8A CN202310448506A CN117301592A CN 117301592 A CN117301592 A CN 117301592A CN 202310448506 A CN202310448506 A CN 202310448506A CN 117301592 A CN117301592 A CN 117301592A
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- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 149
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000000071 blow moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 71
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001973 fluoroelastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GNCJRTJOPHONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound CC1(C)NC=NC1(C)C GNCJRTJOPHONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004180 red 2G Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002991 molded plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005490 dry winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009730 filament winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D22/00—Producing hollow articles
- B29D22/003—Containers for packaging, storing or transporting, e.g. bottles, jars, cans, barrels, tanks
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a full-composite material hydrogen storage bottle for a plastic liner carbon fiber winding vehicle, belonging to the technical field of intersection of composite material processing and high-pressure container manufacturing. The invention can improve the manufacturing process of the dry yarn pressure container by embedding the embedded metal part into the plastic liner through blow molding, enhance the winding of the dry yarn, improve the product performance, shorten the design period, reduce the design cost, improve the good impact resistance and the low-temperature environmental adaptability of the winding pressure container in actual engineering, and has the characteristics of high molding efficiency, recoverability after the service period and the like through the winding process of the dry yarn and no subsequent curing process. Compared with the traditional metal-based pressure vessel, the pressure vessel formed by using the plastic as the lining and compounding the high-performance carbon fiber and the resin matrix has the advantages of high specific stiffness, high specific strength, strong designability, good corrosion resistance and fatigue performance and the like, and can be widely applied to the industrial fields of aerospace, transportation, marine vessels and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a full composite material hydrogen storage bottle for a plastic liner carbon fiber winding vehicle, in particular to a plastic processing and carbon fiber winding technology, and belongs to the technical field of intersection of composite material processing and high-pressure container manufacturing.
Background
The hydrogen energy is used as an important secondary energy source with wide sources and high efficiency and cleanliness, gradually becomes an important direction of global energy technical revolution, is used as a novel clean energy source to be applied to new energy automobiles, and a hydrogen supply system of a hydrogen cylinder hydrogen fuel automobile is one of important parts of the automobile, mainly has the functions of high-pressure compressed hydrogen gas inflation, storage, supply, decompression, overpressure release, safe current limiting and low-pressure output, meets the hydrogen supply and consumption requirements of the automobile hydrogen fuel automobile, and has wide application prospect in the fields of energy, traffic, industry, building and the like.
The high-pressure hydrogen storage pressure container is used as an essential important device for hydrogen energy storage and transportation, wherein the steel belt staggered winding type high-pressure hydrogen storage container is widely applied to the aspect of the hydrogen storage container by relying on the technical advantages of complete independent intellectual property rights, mature theoretical technology, excellent comprehensive performance and the like, and the main materials of the steel belt staggered winding type high-pressure hydrogen storage pressure container are discussed from the aspect of device design.
The hydrogen cylinder is one of important parts of a hydrogen supply system of a hydrogen fuel automobile, meets the hydrogen supply and consumption requirements of the automobile hydrogen fuel battery automobile, has the performance characteristics of high pressure for bearing compressed hydrogen, light weight and high hydrogen storage density, is fixed on a road vehicle, and is used for storing hydrogen fuel and can be filled repeatedly. The filling pressure of the hydrogen cylinder is generally between 35-70 MPa. The structure of the gas cylinder is divided into a steel liner fiber winding composite gas cylinder (II type gas cylinder), an aluminum liner carbon fiber full winding composite gas cylinder (III type gas cylinder) and a plastic liner carbon fiber full winding composite gas cylinder (IV type gas cylinder), so that the high-pressure hydrogen cylinder is a key component of a hydrogen supply system of a hydrogen fuel cell automobile.
A great deal of research has been conducted in the field of composite pressure vessels at home and abroad. Four methods for optimizing the dry yarn winding finite element model are used, and the explosion failure of the gas cylinder at the position of the gas nozzle is predicted. According to the real fiber winding path, a composite material layer simulation theory based on yarn units is provided, and the linear rule of the natural fiber winding LPG container is analyzed. And a corresponding winding system was developed. The invention designs a set of full-automatic composite material gas cylinder winding forming production line system according to the design requirement of a dry yarn winding forming process, deduces the balance condition of dry yarn winding of a cylindrical shell in a tangential plane and a normal plane, and establishes a dry yarn winding mechanical model.
Global scholars have conducted extensive research on the mechanics theory and winding process of dry yarn winding, while less is involved in the microscopic modeling and corresponding strength analysis of the overall structure of a dry yarn wound gas cylinder.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the field of low-pressure storage of liquid media applied to pressure vessels, the main purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of a full-composite material hydrogen storage bottle for a plastic liner carbon fiber winding vehicle, wherein a pre-embedded implanted metal piece is subjected to blow molding to form a plastic liner, dry yarn winding reinforcement is a key technology of the invention, and the plastic liner is used as a liner, and then the high-performance carbon fiber and resin matrix are compositely formed into the pressure vessel, namely the full-composite material hydrogen storage bottle for the plastic liner carbon fiber winding vehicle. Compared with the traditional metal-based pressure vessel, the invention has the advantages of high specific stiffness, high specific strength, strong designability, good corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance, etc.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a full composite material hydrogen storage bottle for a plastic liner carbon fiber winding vehicle, which comprises the following steps:
the blow molding material is one of nylon 66, a mixture of high-density polyethylene and low-density polyethylene and polypropylene; the structural embedded part is formed by finish machining of a threaded structural part of a metal gas cylinder port, and the non-threaded part is embedded into an embedded angle of the blow molding layer.
First, embedding structural parts and blow molding to prepare plastic liner
30CrMnSi is selected for preparing the embedded structural member, the threads of the threaded interface part are M20X1.5mm-M40x2.5mm, the outer surface is knurled, the length of the embedded structural member is 80mm-120mm, wherein the length of the threaded part is 20mm-40mm, and the unthreaded part is turned into a plum blossom shape for later use; the discharge port end of the double-screw machine is connected with a blow molding die mechanism, the temperature control range of the double-screw machine is set according to the table 1, blow molding plastic is added into the feed port of the double-screw machine, the temperature is raised to a preset temperature, and the blow molding pressure condition is that:
main oil pump pressure (P1): 9-18MPa
Mold locking pressure (P2): 12-19MPa
Servo pump pressure (P3): 9-18MPa
Pneumatic system pressure (P4): 0.5-0.9MPa
Low pressure blowing pressure (P5): 0.15-0.55MPa
High pressure blowing pressure (P6): 0.5-1.6MPa
TABLE 1 temperature control of baffle formation during blow molding of liner (Unit ℃ C.)
Second, the surface of the plastic liner is coated with glue
Fixing the plastic liner subjected to blow molding and qualified detection on a winding machine, and uniformly coating glue solution with the thickness of 0.06-0.15mm on the surface layer of the plastic liner, wherein the glue solution comprises the following components: 55-62% of E128 epoxy resin, 25-32% of E51 epoxy resin, 2-8% of carboxyl nitrile rubber or carboxyl nitrile rubber liquid, 6-12% of 650 polyamide and 0.5-6% of tetramethyl imidazole.
Thirdly, winding bottom carbon fiber and dry fiber on the surface of the plastic liner for winding and forming
The dry fiber winding technique is improved from the conventional winding technique. Conventional filament wound composites are composed of a resin and fibers, the fibers being used to carry tensile loads in the direction of the fibers, the resin being used to secure the fibers and to carry and transfer shear loads, or interlaminar stresses. If the product is in the shape of an equal tension product and is wound by geodesic (the shortest distance line between two points on the surface of the product), the fiber only bears the tensile load, so that even if no resin exists, the fiber can not slip or move, and two designs which are critical to the success of the dry fiber reinforced winding process are the geodesic path and the equal tension model.
The geodesic path is the shortest path between two points of the winding surface, and in the reinforcing structure, the effective use of the reinforcing fibers is ensured by the geodesic. The internally generated stress is converted into a constant stress of the whole winding surface arranged in the fiber direction by means of an equal tension model. The winding surface fiber only bears tensile strength, the product can not deform due to the influence of internal pressure, and the fiber direction is optimized by combining the geodesic path and equal tension winding.
sinα 0 ＝ r0 /R (1)
Winding fiber of the cylinder section is unfolded, and a central rotation angle equation of the cylinder section of the pressure vessel is obtained by using a pitch method:
γ ＝ Ltanα 0 / πD × 360° (2)
any axial section of the barrel section is intercepted, and the formula (2) is substituted into a track point equation of any point of the winding fiber of the barrel section, namely a fiber track equation of the end socket section.
Taking a meridian r=r (z) at the seal head, and rotating 360 degrees along the z axis to obtain the seal head revolution surface in fig. 3, wherein the revolution equation of the surface is r (theta, z) = (rcos theta, rsin theta, z). And extracting a curve C on the curved surface, and extracting a point P on the curve C to study the geodesic curvature and the normal curvature.
In the winding forming process, the yarns start from one end of the polar hole, go back to a distance staggered from the starting point by one yarn width through one complete cycle, and then go through a plurality of complete cycles to fully distribute the lining.
Preferably, the dry yarn winding is subjected to trajectory simulation by MATLAB software. Firstly, inputting geometric parameters of an end socket and a cylinder body part in a command box of MATLAB according to the geometric dimension of a die, then establishing a geometric model of the liner by a code programming method, and establishing a geometric model of a winding track by a fiber track equation. The trajectory equation of the cylinder body section is a conventional basic equation, can be directly written in a program, and is a second-order differential equation at the central corner of the end socket section, and is solved by adopting a fourth-order Runge-Kutta method, and is solved by utilizing an ode45 function in MATLAB. Measuring polar hole radius r 0 The yarn width b=2-6 mm, the winding angle α is obtained by formula (1) =17 mm 0 =6-15 °, the number of cut points n=7 is chosen. Drawing a line pattern diagram of the dry yarn winding line type under the conditions of one cycle, five cycles and full fiber distribution according to the track equation and winding parameters.
The fiber reinforced plastic consists of a plastic liner and a reinforcing material, flexibility is enabled by the high strength ratio.
The high strength and rigidity provided by the reinforcing material is inherently poor in terms of strength and rigidity, and therefore the strength is required during the fabrication process, by designing the optimum model shape and filament winding trajectory path such that the filament is only subjected to tensile stress and the filament exerts 100% of its effect, the filament structure takes over all of the forces in that shape. Therefore, the plastic lining does not bear absolute pressure, and plays a sealing role in critical time.
The traditional composite pressure vessel is formed by adopting a wet method of fiber impregnated resin and a semi-dry winding process in a prepreg tape mode, and the brittleness of a resin matrix is utilized under the action of impact load or in a low-temperature environment. The structural layer is easy to generate failure modes such as matrix cracking and layering, debonding of fiber and matrix interface and the like, and the bearing performance of the gas cylinder is affected. In addition, the traditional composite material pressure vessel also has the problems of complex forming process, poor working environment, unstable product quality, high product recycling difficulty and the like. The invention is essentially different from the traditional composite material pressure vessel manufacture, the embedded metal part is subjected to blow molding to form the plastic liner, dry yarn winding reinforcement is a key technology of the invention, and compared with the traditional metal-based pressure vessel, the pressure vessel which is formed by taking plastic as a liner and compounding high-performance carbon fiber and a resin matrix has the advantages of high specific stiffness, high specific strength, strong designability, corrosion resistance and good fatigue performance, and is widely applied to the industrial fields of aerospace, transportation, marine vessels and the like. In recent years, in the field of low-pressure storage of liquid media, research on dry yarn winding pressure vessels has gradually attracted high attention from students in the field worldwide, and the dry yarn winding pressure vessel is a pressure vessel in which a lining is made of a polymer material with seepage-proofing and sealing functions, fibers are wound on the lining in a geodesic mode under the condition of not being impregnated with resin, and an outer layer is coated with a silicone rubber or fluororubber protective layer. The dry yarn winding pressure container has good impact resistance and low-temperature environmental adaptability, and solves the problems of the pressure container, and the dry yarn winding process and no subsequent curing process lead the dry yarn winding pressure container to have the characteristics of high forming efficiency and recycling after the service period.
Fourth, coating the surface protection layer
After the winding of the dry yarn is finished, the surface layer is coated with a silicone rubber or fluororubber solution, so that a protective layer with the thickness of 2-6mm is formed on the surface, and the full composite material hydrogen storage bottle is obtained.
The beneficial effects are that:
1. according to the preparation method of the full-composite material hydrogen storage bottle for the plastic liner carbon fiber winding vehicle, disclosed by the invention, the plastic liner is formed by blow molding through embedding the metal part, the dry yarn winding is enhanced, the manufacturing process of the dry yarn pressure container can be improved, the method has important significance in the aspects of improving the product performance, shortening the design period and reducing the design cost in actual engineering, the good impact resistance and low-temperature environmental adaptability of the winding pressure container are improved, and the method has the characteristics of high forming efficiency, recoverability after the service period and the like through the winding process of the dry yarn and no subsequent curing process.
2. The invention discloses a preparation method of a full composite material hydrogen storage bottle for a plastic liner carbon fiber winding vehicle, which is characterized in that a plastic liner is formed by blow molding a pre-embedded metal part, dry yarn winding reinforcement is a key technology of the invention, and compared with a traditional metal-based pressure container, a pressure container which is formed by taking plastic as a liner and compounding high-performance carbon fiber and a resin matrix has the advantages of high specific stiffness, high specific strength, strong designability, corrosion resistance, good fatigue performance and the like, and can be widely applied to the industrial fields of aerospace, transportation, marine vessels and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the shape and structure of a plastic liner after blow molding;
FIG. 2 is an axial cross-sectional view of a section of the barrel;
FIG. 3 is any axial cross-section of a barrel section;
FIG. 4 is a head winding rail pole structure;
FIG. 5 head winding coordinates;
FIG. 6 is a linear structure at the head;
fig. 7 is a linear configuration of the winding cylinder.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below with reference to examples.
Example 1
The invention discloses a manufacturing method of a carbon fiber fully-wound composite gas cylinder (IV type gas cylinder) product with a 70MPa compressed hydrogen plastic liner for a 45L vehicle, wherein dry yarn winding is one of core technologies of a gas cylinder forming process
The embedded part of the structure is formed by finish machining of a threaded structural part of a metal gas cylinder port, and an unthreaded part is embedded into an embedded angle of a blow molding layer.
First, embedding structural parts and blow molding to prepare plastic liner
30CrMnSi is selected for preparing the embedded structural member, the threads of the threaded interface part are M20X1.5 mm-the outer surface is knurled, the length of the embedded structural member is 90mm, the length of the threaded part is 25mm, the unthreaded part is turned into a plum blossom shape, and the metal embedded machined part is finished for standby; adding blow-molded plastic into a feeding hole of a double-screw machine, heating to a preset temperature, wherein a plastic liner blow-molded material is a mixture of high-density polyethylene and low-density polyethylene, the mixing proportion is 86.6% of high-density polyethylene and 13.4% of low-density polyethylene, a temperature control range (table 2) of the double-screw machine is set, a discharge hole end of the double-screw machine is connected with a blow-molding die mechanism, a metal pre-buried machined part is fixed and connected and fixed with a blow-molding interface end, and blow-molding pressure conditions are as follows:
main oil pump pressure (P1): 9.5MPa
Mold locking pressure (P2): 12MPa
Servo pump pressure (P3): 10.2MPa
Pneumatic system pressure (P4): 0.76MPa
Low pressure blowing pressure (P5): 0.32MPa
High pressure blowing pressure (P6): 0.89MPa
TABLE 2 blow molding temperature control (Unit ℃ C.)
The wall thickness of the blow-molded plastic liner is 3.5mm, and the blow-molded plastic liner is shaped for later use;
secondly, fixing the plastic inner container and coating the surface with glue
Fixing the plastic liner subjected to blow molding and qualified detection on a winding machine, uniformly coating glue solution on the surface layer of the plastic liner, wherein the thickness is 0.08mm, and the glue solution comprises the following components: 61.5% of E128 epoxy resin, 26.5% of E51 epoxy resin, 2.2% of carboxyl nitrile rubber (liquid), 7.2% of 650 polyamide and 2.6% of tetramethyl imidazole;
thirdly, winding bottom carbon fiber and dry fiber on the surface of the plastic liner for winding and forming
In order to verify that the designed winding line type can achieve two conditions of uniform fiber distribution and stable winding, the invention carries out dry yarn winding on the pressure vessel by inputting winding parameters determined during line type design, and the dry fiber winding forming technology is improved by the traditional winding technology. Conventional filament wound composites are composed of resin and fibers, typically the fibers are used to bear tensile loads in the direction of the fibers, and the resin is used to secure the fibers and to carry and transfer shear loads, or interlaminar stresses; the winding device adopts a robot winding workstation (six-axis robot+rotating main shaft) with seven degrees of freedom; the winding fiber adopts T800-grade carbon fiber; inputting the geometric dimensions and winding parameters of the lining into a terminal of a numerical control system, wherein the geometric dimensions comprise the diameters of a pole hole and a cylinder body, the height of an end socket and the length of the cylinder body, selecting a winding mode for measuring the ground wire, inputting a winding angle of 11 degrees, the yarn width of 4.2mm, the number of cutting points of 7 and the winding tension of 40N; debugging a winding machine after lining is clamped, calibrating the original point coordinates of a robot workstation, determining the winding initial position of the robot and other machine tool parameters according to the position of the lining, firstly setting a wire nozzle to move back and forth under the condition of not threading a yarn, adjusting the movement track of the wire nozzle, checking whether the distance between the winding starting point of the wire nozzle and the original point of a static coordinate of a machine tool is proper or not, if the deviation between the wire nozzle track and an ideal effect is large, enabling the movement track of the wire nozzle to approach the ideal position by adjusting the coordinates of the winding starting point and the length of a suspension yarn, uniformly distributing fibers on the surface of the lining after 18 complete cycles, continuously completing winding of a second spiral layer by adopting the winding parameters under the condition of continuous yarn, verifying the winding stability between fibers, and the lining and between fibers in the winding processThe dry yarn winding device has obvious slipping phenomenon, the fiber positions after winding are stable and the fiber positions are uniformly distributed on the lining, and the feasibility of the dry yarn winding gas cylinder is verified; spiral winding is 7 tangent points line type, after the filament nozzle controls the fiber to go back and forth for 7 times, the fiber is staggered by a yarn width distance, after 126 times of back and forth, the fiber is uniformly distributed in the lining, the fiber layer is distributed in a short period in the winding process, and the winding parameter is the radius r 0 Yarn width b=4.2 mm, winding angle α 0 Selecting the number of cut points n=7 and winding tension of 40N, and obtaining a linear graph of the dry yarn winding line type under the conditions of one cycle, five cycles and full fiber according to a track equation and winding parameters, wherein the linear graph is shown in fig. 6 and 7.
Fourth step of coating surface protection layer
After the winding of the dry yarn is finished, the surface layer is coated with a fluororubber solution, and the fluororubber solution comprises the following components: and F2143, namely ethyl acetate=22:78, and forming a protective layer with the thickness of 3.5mm on the surface after the solvent is volatilized, so as to obtain the full composite material hydrogen storage bottle.
The pressure test explosion three times of detection value of the 45L plastic liner full-winding gas cylinder after 24 hours of gauge drying is 102.6MPa, the pressure value of the pressure maintaining 24h is 101.9MPa, the pressure value of the pressure maintaining 24h is 101.2MPa, the pressure value of the pressure maintaining 24h is 105.3MPa, and the safe use under 70MPa can be ensured.
The dry yarn winding process and the non-subsequent curing process of the dry yarn winding pressure container have the characteristics of high forming efficiency, clean forming environment, good impact resistance and low-temperature environment adaptability, solving the problems faced by the pressure container, recycling after the service period and the like, and further verify that the dry yarn winding pressure container has the characteristics of high forming efficiency and clean forming environment.
Example 2
The invention discloses a manufacturing method of a carbon fiber fully-wound composite gas cylinder (IV type gas cylinder) product of a 35MPa compressed hydrogen plastic liner for a 150L bus, which is one of core technologies of a gas cylinder forming process
The embedded part of the structure is formed by finish machining of a threaded structural part of a metal gas cylinder port, and an unthreaded part is embedded into an embedded angle of a blow molding layer.
First, embedding structural parts and blow molding to prepare plastic liner
30CrMnSi is selected for preparing the embedded structural member, the threads of the threaded interface part are M30X1.5 mm-the outer surface is knurled, the length of the embedded structural member is 100mm, the length of the threaded part is 30mm, the unthreaded part is turned into a plum blossom shape, and the metal embedded machined part is finished for standby; adding blow molding plastic into a feeding port of a double-screw machine, heating to a preset temperature, selecting a mixture of nylon 66 and EVA as a plastic liner blow molding material, setting a temperature control range (table 3) of the double-screw machine, connecting a blow molding die mechanism at a discharging port end of the double-screw machine, fixing a metal pre-buried machined part and connecting and fixing the metal pre-buried machined part with a blow molding interface end, wherein the blow molding pressure condition is as follows:
main oil pump pressure (P1): 10.3MPa
Mold locking pressure (P2): 15MPa of
Servo pump pressure (P3): 11.2MPa
Pneumatic system pressure (P4): 0.86MPa
Low pressure blowing pressure (P5): 0.38MPa
High pressure blowing pressure (P6): 0.92MPa
TABLE 3 blow molding temperature control (Unit ℃ C.)
The wall thickness of the blow-molded plastic liner is 3.8mm, and the blow-molded plastic liner is shaped for later use;
secondly, fixing the plastic inner container and coating the surface with glue
Fixing the plastic liner subjected to blow molding and qualified detection on a winding machine, uniformly coating glue solution on the surface layer of the plastic liner, wherein the thickness is 0.06mm, and the glue solution comprises the following components: 66.6% of E128 epoxy resin, 21.4% of E51 epoxy resin, 2.2% of carboxyl nitrile rubber (liquid), 7.2% of 650 polyamide and 2.6% of tetramethyl imidazole;
thirdly, winding bottom carbon fiber and dry fiber on the surface of the plastic liner for winding and forming
In order to verify that the winding line type can achieve two conditions of uniform fiber distribution and stable winding, the invention carries out dry yarn winding on the pressure vessel by inputting winding parameters determined during line type design, and the dry fiber winding forming technology is improved from the traditional winding technology. Conventional filament wound composites are composed of resin and fibers, typically the fibers are used to bear tensile loads in the direction of the fibers, and the resin is used to secure the fibers and to carry and transfer shear loads, or interlaminar stresses; the winding device adopts a robot winding workstation (six-axis robot+rotating main shaft) with seven degrees of freedom; the winding fiber adopts T800-grade carbon fiber; inputting the geometric dimensions and winding parameters of the lining into a terminal of a numerical control system, wherein the geometric dimensions comprise the diameters of a pole hole and a cylinder body, the height of an end socket and the length of the cylinder body, selecting a winding mode for measuring the ground wire, inputting a winding angle of 12 degrees, the yarn width of 4.5mm, the number of cutting points of 9 and the winding tension of 30N; the method comprises the steps of adjusting a winding machine after lining is clamped, calibrating an origin coordinate of a robot workstation, determining a winding initial position of the robot and other machine tool parameters according to the position of the lining, firstly setting a wire nozzle to move back and forth under the condition of not threading yarns, adjusting a movement track of the wire nozzle, checking whether the distance between a winding starting point of the wire nozzle and the origin of a static coordinate of a machine tool is proper or not, if the deviation between the wire nozzle track and an ideal effect is large, enabling the movement track of the wire nozzle to be close to the ideal position by adjusting the coordinate of the winding starting point and the length of a suspension yarn, uniformly distributing fibers on the surface of the lining after 18 complete cycles, continuously completing winding of a second spiral layer by adopting the winding parameters under the condition of continuous yarn, verifying the winding stability among fibers, ensuring that the fibers have no obvious slippage phenomenon among the fibers and the fibers, and uniformly distributing the lining after the winding is completed, and proving the feasibility of the dry yarn winding gas cylinder design scheme; the spiral winding is 9 tangent point line type, after the filament nozzle controls the fiber to go back and forth for 9 times, the fiber is staggered by a yarn width distance, after 126 times of back and forth, the fiber is uniformly distributed in the lining, and the fiber layer is distributed in a short period in the winding process;
fourth step of coating surface protection layer
After the winding of the dry yarn is finished, the surface layer is coated with a silicone rubber solution, and the composition of the silicone rubber solution is as follows: silicon rubber, butyl acetate=28:72, and after the solvent is volatilized, a protective layer with the thickness of 3.0mm is formed on the surface, and the full composite material hydrogen storage bottle is obtained.
The 150L plastic liner fully-wound gas cylinder manufactured by the method is subjected to pressure test blasting three times after 24 hours of gauge drying, the pressure value of 43.86MPa for pressure maintaining 24 hours is 43.81MPa, the pressure value of 42.59MPa for pressure maintaining 24 hours is 42.52MPa, the pressure value of 43.17MPa for pressure maintaining 24 hours is 42.86MPa, and safe use under 35MPa can be ensured.
While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow.
Claims (4)
1. A preparation method of a full composite material hydrogen storage bottle for a plastic liner carbon fiber winding vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps of the method,
first, embedding structural parts and blow molding to prepare plastic liner
30CrMnSi is selected for preparing the embedded structural member, the threads of the threaded interface part are M20X1.5mm-M40x2.5mm, the outer surface is knurled, the length of the embedded structural member is 80mm-120mm, wherein the length of the threaded part is 20mm-40mm, and the unthreaded part is turned into a plum blossom shape for later use; the discharge port end of the double-screw machine is connected with a blow molding die mechanism, the temperature control range of the double-screw machine is set according to the table 1, blow molding plastic is added into the feed port of the double-screw machine, the temperature is raised to a preset temperature, and the blow molding pressure condition is that:
main oil pump pressure (P1): 9-18MPa
Mold locking pressure (P2): 12-19MPa
Servo pump pressure (P3): 9-18MPa
Pneumatic system pressure (P4): 0.5-0.9MPa
Low pressure blowing pressure (P5): 0.15-0.55MPa
High pressure blowing pressure (P6): 0.5-1.6MPa
TABLE 1 temperature control of baffle formation during blow molding of liner (Unit ℃ C.)
Second, the surface of the plastic liner is coated with glue
Fixing the plastic liner subjected to blow molding and qualified detection on a winding machine, and uniformly coating glue solution with the thickness of 0.06-0.15mm on the surface layer of the plastic liner, wherein the glue solution comprises the following components: 55-62% of E128 epoxy resin, 25-32% of E51 epoxy resin, 2-8% of carboxyl nitrile rubber or carboxyl nitrile rubber liquid, 6-12% of 650 polyamide and 0.5-6% of tetramethyl imidazole;
thirdly, winding bottom carbon fiber and dry fiber on the surface of the plastic liner for winding and forming
The geodesic path is the shortest path between two points of the winding surface, and in the reinforcing structure, the effective use of the reinforcing fiber is ensured through geodesic; converting the stress generated in the interior into constant stress of the whole winding surface distributed in the fiber direction through an equal tension model; the winding surface fiber only bears tensile strength, the product cannot deform due to the influence of internal pressure, and the fiber direction is optimized by combining the geodesic path and equal tension winding;
sinα 0 ＝ r0 /R (1)
winding fiber of the cylinder section is unfolded, and a central rotation angle equation of the cylinder section of the pressure vessel is obtained by using a pitch method:
γ ＝ Ltanα 0 / πD × 360° (2)
intercepting any axial section of the barrel section, substituting the formula (2) into a track point equation of any point of the winding fiber of the barrel section, namely a fiber track equation of the end socket section;
taking a meridian r=r (z) at the end socket, and rotating 360 degrees along the z axis to obtain an end socket revolution surface, wherein the revolution equation of the surface is r (theta, z) = (rcos theta, rsin theta, z); extracting a curve C on the curved surface, and extracting a point P on the curve C to study the geodesic curvature and normal curvature of the curve;
in the winding forming process, the yarns start from one end of the polar hole, return to a distance staggered by one yarn width from the starting point through one complete cycle, and then fully distribute the lining through a plurality of complete cycles;
the fiber reinforced plastic consists of a plastic lining and a reinforcing material, and flexibility is realized through a high strength ratio;
the embedded metal piece is subjected to blow molding to form a plastic liner, the plastic liner is used as a liner, and then high-performance carbon fiber and a resin matrix are subjected to composite molding, the liner is made of a high polymer material with seepage prevention and sealing functions, the fiber is wound on the liner in a geodesic mode under the condition of not being impregnated with resin, the outer layer of the pressure container is coated with a silicone rubber or fluororubber protective layer, and the pressure container is wound by dry yarns and has the characteristics of high molding efficiency and recoverability after a service period;
fourth, coating the surface protection layer
After the winding of the dry yarn is finished, the surface layer is coated with a silicone rubber or fluororubber solution, so that a protective layer with the thickness of 2-6mm is formed on the surface, and the full composite material hydrogen storage bottle is obtained.
2. The method for preparing the full-composite material hydrogen storage bottle for the plastic liner carbon fiber winding vehicle, as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the blow molding material is one of nylon 66, a mixture of high-density polyethylene and low-density polyethylene and polypropylene; the structural embedded part is formed by finish machining of a threaded structural part of a metal gas cylinder port, and the non-threaded part is embedded into an embedded angle of the blow molding layer.
3. The method for preparing the full-composite material hydrogen storage bottle for the plastic liner carbon fiber winding vehicle, as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: the high strength and rigidity are provided by the reinforcing material, and the plastic is poor in strength and rigidity, so that the plastic needs to be high in strength in the manufacturing process, and the fiber only bears tensile stress and exerts 100% of the effect by designing the optimal model shape and the fiber winding track path, wherein the fiber structure bears all the forces; therefore, the plastic lining does not bear absolute pressure, and plays a role in sealing when bearing pressure.
4. The method for preparing the full-composite hydrogen storage bottle for the plastic liner carbon fiber winding vehicle according to claim 1, 2 or 3, which is characterized in that: performing track simulation on dry yarn winding by utilizing MATLAB software; firstly, inputting geometric parameters of an end socket and a cylinder body part in a command box of MATLAB according to the geometric dimension of a die, then establishing a geometric model of the liner by a code programming method, and establishing a geometric model of a winding track by a fiber track equation; the central corner of the end socket section is a second-order differential equation, a fourth-order Runge-Kutta method is adopted for solving, and an ode45 function in MATLAB is utilized for solving; drawing a line pattern diagram of the dry yarn winding line type under the conditions of one cycle, five cycles and full fiber distribution according to the track equation and winding parameters.
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