CN117291266A - Equipment fault reasoning method and system based on extended FMECA analysis method - Google Patents
Equipment fault reasoning method and system based on extended FMECA analysis method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an equipment fault reasoning method and system based on an extended FMECA analysis method, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s1: creating a multi-level configuration structure for single equipment, and maintaining corresponding attribute information in nodes of the configuration structure; s2: importing a plurality of sensor data according to time sequence, and inquiring and deleting the sensor data; s3: an extended FMECA information is designed and defined for an equipment in a single equipment configuration structure, comprising: fault mode, fault cause, fault impact, fault outcome, fault diagnosis rules, fault handling measures, fault assessment; s4: and acquiring the extended FMECA information and the state data of the equipment needing fault reasoning, executing the fault reasoning task, obtaining a fault reasoning result and obtaining a fault diagnosis analysis report. The method provided by the invention realizes high-efficiency and accurate fault diagnosis reasoning service for PHM service of large complex equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fault Prediction and Health Management (PHM) in equipment maintenance and guarantee, in particular to an equipment fault reasoning method and system based on an extended FMECA analysis method.
Background
In the field of equipment maintenance and assurance, the technical emphasis of fault Prediction and Health Management (PHM) is to utilize advanced sensor integration and predict, diagnose, monitor and manage the state of equipment by means of various expert reasoning rules, algorithms and intelligent models. In recent years, the rapid development of fault diagnosis and health management has led to the transition of maintenance and guarantee modes from state monitoring to state management, which is an innovative scheme for testing and maintenance diagnosis and is a comprehensive fault detection, isolation and prediction and health management technology. PHM technology was introduced not to directly eliminate system failures, but to know and predict when a failure might occur; or triggering a series of maintenance activities when an initial failure occurs, thereby realizing autonomous guarantee and reducing the targets of equipment use and guarantee cost.
The fault diagnosis reasoning expert system has evolved from a simple intelligent procedure in the first aspect to a comparative money-making stage that solves complex problems in various industries today as an important branch of artificial intelligence. The fault diagnosis reasoning expert system plays a great role in industrial development. The inference engine in expert system structure uses knowledge in knowledge base to infer according to certain rule, inference method and search strategy to obtain answer of question or prove correctness of certain conclusion. The efficiency and accuracy of the inference engine directly reflect the efficiency and accuracy of the expert system, and the like, and embody the thinking process of the expert. However, as the expert system is continuously developed in a deep direction, problems such as matching conflict and combined explosion during reasoning become more and more prominent, and the development of the expert system is severely restricted.
The purpose of the FMECA is to determine all possible failure modes of the component part equipment software in the design and manufacturing process through system analysis, and the reason and influence of each failure mode, so as to find out potential weak links and bring forward improvement measures. FMECA is composed of two parts, FMEA and CA, which is a supplement to FMEA and can only be performed by FMEA. Aiming at large-scale equipment with a complex structure, the conventional FMECA analysis technology cannot judge, analyze and describe the multi-level fault mode transfer influence relationship, and the relationship generally needs to be described by combining a corresponding reliability model, and the transfer relationship is difficult to obtain a fault diagnosis result or position directly through data quantitative analysis and reasoning.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an equipment fault reasoning method and system based on an extended FMECA analysis method.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an equipment fault reasoning method based on an extended FMECA analysis method, comprising:
step S1: construction of a configuration structure of a single device: creating a multi-level 'system level-region level-component level' configuration structure for the single equipment, and maintaining corresponding attribute information in nodes of the configuration structure;
step S2: managing sensor data of a single rig: importing a plurality of sensor data according to time sequence, and inquiring and deleting the sensor data;
step S3: extended FMECA information of the build equipment: the extended FMECA information is designed and defined for the equipment in a "system level-region level-component level" configuration structure, comprising: fault mode, fault cause, fault impact, fault outcome, fault diagnosis rules, fault handling measures, fault assessment;
step S4: fault reasoning: and acquiring the extended FMECA information and the state data of the equipment needing fault reasoning, executing the fault reasoning task, obtaining a fault reasoning result and obtaining a fault diagnosis analysis report.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention discloses an equipment fault reasoning method based on an extended FMECA analysis method, which realizes the construction of fault diagnosis and reasoning expert rules through the extended FMECA and can help fault diagnosis personnel to quickly and accurately complete the definition of fault diagnosis rules and fault influence reasoning rules.
2. The invention performs reasoning analysis on equipment faults by executing fault reasoning tasks, has extremely high reasoning operation efficiency, fault diagnosis accuracy and lower false alarm rate, and meets the complex working condition requirements in actual scenes. And finally outputting different types of fault result sets, and displaying corresponding fault influence relations through visual connection lines in fault correlation influence analysis, so that a user can directly know the fault position, fault mode, fault influence and fault treatment of the system, and visual display results are provided for field personnel.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an equipment failure reasoning method based on an extended FMECA analysis method in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of an equipment failure inference system based on an extended FMECA analysis method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an equipment fault reasoning method based on an extended FMECA analysis method, which provides high-efficiency and accurate fault diagnosis reasoning service for large complex equipment PHM business.
The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of specific embodiments in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, an equipment fault reasoning method based on an extended FMECA analysis method provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
step S1: construction of a configuration structure of a single device: creating a multi-level 'system level-region level-component level' configuration structure for the single equipment, and maintaining corresponding attribute information in nodes of the configuration structure;
step S2: managing sensor data of a single rig: importing a plurality of sensor data according to time sequence, and inquiring and deleting the sensor data;
step S3: extended FMECA information of the build equipment: the extended FMECA information is designed and defined for the equipment in a "system level-region level-component level" configuration structure, comprising: fault mode, fault cause, fault impact, fault outcome, fault diagnosis rules, fault handling measures, fault assessment;
step S4: fault reasoning: and acquiring the extended FMECA information and the state data of the equipment needing fault reasoning, executing the fault reasoning task, obtaining a fault reasoning result and obtaining a fault diagnosis analysis report.
In one embodiment, step S1 described above: construction of a configuration structure of a single device: creating a multi-level 'system level-region level-component level' configuration structure for single equipment, and maintaining corresponding attribute information in nodes of the configuration structure, wherein the configuration structure specifically comprises:
a multi-level 'system level-region level-component level' configuration structure is created for the single equipment, corresponding attributes are displayed according to nodes of the configuration structure, and names of the nodes, LRU/LRM/LRC/SRU types, function descriptions, node numbers, node sensor parameter information and the like are maintained in the attributes.
In one embodiment, step S2 above: managing sensor data of a single rig: the method comprises the steps of importing a plurality of sensor data according to time sequence, and inquiring and deleting the sensor data, and specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, sensor data from each single device are collected through means of sensors, monitoring equipment, the Internet of things and the like. The data may be measured values of physical quantities such as temperature, pressure, vibration, and current, or may be perceived data such as images and videos. And storing, cleaning and processing the collected original data, removing noise, abnormal values and repeated data, and ensuring the accuracy and consistency of the data. Analysis of the stored data may extract valuable information, features and patterns.
Single or multiple sensor data of a single rig are imported in time sequence. The invention also supports the user-defined sensor data format, supports the management functions of single equipment and sensor data thereof, and comprises the following steps: configuration single equipment model information, single equipment information, query of sensor data, visual viewing and deletion.
The equipment sensor data provides input data for subsequent fault reasoning operation tasks, and is necessary data for fault diagnosis and influence analysis of equipment.
In one embodiment, the step S3: extended FMECA information of the build equipment: the extended FMECA information is designed and defined for the equipment in a "system level-region level-component level" configuration structure, comprising: fault mode, fault cause, fault impact, fault outcome, fault diagnosis rules, fault handling measures, fault assessment, specifically comprising:
the method comprises the steps of expanding the related measuring point parameters of the fault mode defined by FMECA information on the basis of the traditional FMECA, and fault diagnosis parameter threshold range rules under different working conditions, and transmitting influence relation of the fault mode under a multi-level configuration structure of equipment;
wherein defining the fault mode diagnostic rule comprises: an arithmetic operation, a time point operation and a logic operation rule formed by combining parameters or parameters related to the fault mode;
defining the failure mode delivery impact relationship includes defining a local impact, a higher layer impact, and a final aircraft level impact of the failure mode impact.
Table 1 is an extended FMECA defined by the examples of the present invention.
Table 1 extended FMECA
The extended FMECA designed by the invention defines and designs rules for faults, defines sensor parameters corresponding to nodes according to operation logic, supports the design of rules including basic arithmetic operation, time point operation and logic operation, describes the rules in a character mode, and can identify and execute the rules in the follow-up fault reasoning process.
(1) Defining the arithmetic operation, time point operation and logic operation rules formed by parameters and parameter combinations related to the fault mode in the fault mode diagnosis rules;
wherein the description of the arithmetic/logical operation is performed for the parameters as shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 arithmetic/logical operation rules
Defining a time operation rule: the operation is mainly performed with respect to time, for example, duration 3s, more than 10s, etc. When this time condition is satisfied, then the rule holds.
The above operation rules support mutual combination operation to form complex diagnosis rules, meet the requirement of fault research and judgment under different working conditions and form the reasoning expert rule of the invention.
After the fault diagnosis rule is formed, the parameters related in the automatic extraction rule are compared with the parameters of the node, and if the parameters are not added, the parameters are automatically added to a parameter list of the equipment configuration node.
(2) The fault influence relation of the added equipment can be defined for local influence, higher-layer influence and final influence (airplane level) influenced by the fault mode, and an influence object related to design is developed.
When the above work is completed, the extended FMECA definition of the equipment is completed.
The invention realizes the construction of fault diagnosis and reasoning expert rules by defining and expanding FMECA, and can help fault diagnosis personnel to quickly and accurately complete the definition of fault diagnosis rules and fault influence reasoning rules.
In one embodiment, step S4 above: fault reasoning: the method comprises the steps of obtaining extended FMECA information of equipment needing fault reasoning and state data thereof, executing a fault reasoning task, obtaining a fault reasoning result and obtaining a fault diagnosis analysis report, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step S41: under the dispatching of the fault reasoning task, inputting the configuration structure of a system-area-component of the fault reasoning equipment and the state data of the equipment; acquiring extended FMECA information of the equipment according to the configuration data;
in this step, loading the state data of the equipment is performed in time sequence, including the values of each sensor parameter; the extended FMECA and sensor parameter information of the equipment are loaded, and the parameter information comprises the numerical type, unit and calibration mode of the parameters. The values will be processed in a calibrated manner;
step S42: according to the extended FMECA information and state data of the equipment, the sensor parameters of the fault mode of the equipment are researched and judged according to fault mode diagnosis rules, and a fault mode set A is generated;
and sequentially finding out corresponding parameters and corresponding values according to fault diagnosis rules in the extended FMECA, carrying the values into the rules for calculation, and judging whether the conditions required by the rules are met. If yes, triggering a rule, generating a fault mode, and adding the fault mode into the barrier mode set A;
step S43: for each failure mode in the failure mode set A, the following matrix D is followed ij Testing measuring points of the equipment sensor, performing correlation analysis on the abnormal parameters, finding out other fault modes F corresponding to the sensor parameters T, forming a correlation influence analysis result of the fault modes, and generating a new fault mode set B:
wherein matrix element d ij Is a Boolean variable, if a fault F i Can be sensed by a sensor parameter T j Detecting, let d ij =1, otherwise let d ij ＝0；
Matrix D ij The middle column vector represents the sensor parameter T n The ability to detect isolated faults, describes its ability to detect isolated faults; the row vector represents fault F m Can be tested and detected to describe the fault F m Symptoms of appearance;
in the step, according to the corresponding relation expressed by the matrix D between a plurality of fault modes F of a plurality of nodes and the tested sensor parameter T, the influence relation of the parameter value abnormality on other nodes is inferred and searched. If the influence is found, recording that the potential influence is related to the fault mode set B;
step S44: meanwhile, analyzing related level nodes according to local influence, higher-level influence and final aircraft-level influence in each fault mode in the fault mode set A, and further generating a fault influence set C; at this time, the fault reasoning task ends;
and tracking the upper and lower influence levels of the faults according to the relation of the local influence, the higher one-layer influence and the final airplane level influence in the extended FMECA. If the upper and lower level influence is found, recording that the potential upper and lower level influence is related to the fault mode set C;
step S45: and classifying and displaying according to the fault influence set A, B, C, and displaying corresponding fault influence relations through the visual connection lines in the fault correlation influence analysis.
After the fault reasoning task is executed, the fault reasoning result can be checked, namely three sets are classified and displayed according to the fault mode set A, B, C, and in the fault correlation influence analysis, the corresponding fault diagnosis result is displayed through a visual connection line.
The invention performs reasoning analysis on equipment faults by executing fault reasoning tasks, has extremely high reasoning operation efficiency, fault diagnosis accuracy and lower false alarm rate, and meets the complex working condition requirements in actual scenes. And finally outputting different types of fault result sets, and displaying corresponding fault influence relations through visual connection lines in fault correlation influence analysis, so that a user can directly know the fault position, fault mode, fault influence and fault treatment of the system, and visual display results are provided for field personnel.
Example two
As shown in fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides an equipment failure inference system based on an extended FMECA analysis method, including the following modules:
a single-equipment configuration structure module 51 is constructed for creating a configuration structure of a multi-level "system level-area level-component level" for the single equipment and maintaining corresponding attribute information in nodes of the configuration structure;
the single equipment data management module 52 is used for importing a plurality of single sensor data according to time sequence and carrying out inquiry and deletion operations on the sensor data;
an equipment extension FMECA information module 53 is constructed for designing and defining extension FMECA information for equipment in accordance with the configuration structure of "system level-region level-component level", comprising: fault mode, fault cause, fault impact, fault outcome, fault diagnosis rules, fault handling measures, fault assessment;
the equipment fault reasoning module 54 acquires extended FMECA information and state data of equipment requiring fault reasoning, performs a fault reasoning task, obtains a fault reasoning result, and obtains a fault diagnosis analysis report.
The above examples are provided for the purpose of describing the present invention only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various equivalents and modifications that do not depart from the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. An equipment fault reasoning method based on an extended FMECA analysis method, comprising:
step S1: construction of a configuration structure of a single device: creating a multi-level 'system level-region level-component level' configuration structure for the single equipment, and maintaining corresponding attribute information in nodes of the configuration structure;
step S2: managing sensor data of a single rig: importing a plurality of sensor data according to time sequence, and inquiring and deleting the sensor data;
step S3: extended FMECA information of the build equipment: the extended FMECA information is designed and defined for the equipment in a "system level-region level-component level" configuration structure, comprising: fault mode, fault cause, fault impact, fault outcome, fault diagnosis rules, fault handling measures, fault assessment;
step S4: fault reasoning: and acquiring the extended FMECA information and the state data of the equipment needing fault reasoning, executing the fault reasoning task, obtaining a fault reasoning result and obtaining a fault diagnosis analysis report.
2. The method for equipment failure inference based on the extended FMECA analysis method according to claim 1, wherein said step S3: extended FMECA information of the build equipment: the extended FMECA information is designed and defined for the equipment in a "system level-region level-component level" configuration structure, comprising: fault mode, fault cause, fault impact, fault outcome, fault diagnosis rules, fault handling measures, fault assessment, specifically comprising:
the extended FMECA information defines relevant measuring point parameters of a fault mode, fault diagnosis parameter threshold range rules under different working conditions and fault mode transfer influence relations under a multi-level configuration structure of equipment on the basis of the traditional FMECA;
wherein defining the fault mode diagnostic rule comprises: an arithmetic operation, a time point operation and a logic operation rule formed by combining the parameters or the parameters related to the fault mode;
defining a failure mode delivery impact relationship includes defining a local impact, a higher layer impact, and a final aircraft level impact of the failure mode impact.
3. The method for equipment failure inference based on the extended FMECA analysis method according to claim 2, wherein said step S4: fault reasoning: the method comprises the steps of obtaining extended FMECA information of equipment needing fault reasoning and state data thereof, executing a fault reasoning task, obtaining a fault reasoning result and obtaining a fault diagnosis analysis report, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step S41: under the dispatching of the fault reasoning task, inputting the configuration structure of a system-area-component of the fault reasoning equipment and the state data of the equipment; acquiring extended FMECA information of the equipment according to the configuration data;
step S42: according to the extended FMECA information and the state data of the equipment, sensor parameters of a fault mode of the equipment are researched and judged according to fault mode diagnosis rules, and a fault mode set A is generated;
step S43: for each failure mode in the failure mode set A, the following matrix D is followed ij Testing the sensor-equipped measuring points, and testing the sensor-equipped measuring pointsPerforming correlation analysis on the abnormal parameters, finding out other fault modes F corresponding to the sensor parameters T, forming a correlation influence analysis result of the fault modes, and generating a new fault mode set B:
wherein matrix element d ij Is a Boolean variable, if a fault F i Can be sensed by a sensor parameter T j Detecting, let d ij =1, otherwise let d ij ＝0；
Matrix D ij The middle column vector represents the sensor parameter T n The ability to detect isolated faults, describes its ability to detect isolated faults; the row vector represents fault F m Can be tested and detected to describe the fault F m Symptoms of appearance;
step S44: meanwhile, analyzing related level nodes according to local influence, higher-level influence and final aircraft-level influence in each fault mode in the fault mode set A, and further generating a fault influence set C; at this time, the fault reasoning task ends;
step S45: and classifying and displaying according to the fault influence set A, B, C, and displaying corresponding fault influence relations through visual connecting lines in fault correlation influence analysis.
4. An equipment fault reasoning system based on an extended FMECA analysis method is characterized by comprising the following modules:
constructing a single equipment configuration structure module, which is used for creating a multi-level configuration structure of system level-area level-component level for the single equipment and maintaining corresponding attribute information in nodes of the configuration structure;
the single equipment data management module is used for importing a plurality of sensor data according to time sequence and carrying out inquiry and deletion operations on the sensor data;
constructing an equipment extension FMECA information module for designing and defining extension FMECA information for the equipment according to a configuration structure of a system level-region level-component level, comprising: fault mode, fault cause, fault impact, fault outcome, fault diagnosis rules, fault handling measures, fault assessment;
the equipment fault reasoning module is used for acquiring the extended FMECA information and the state data of the equipment needing fault reasoning, executing the fault reasoning task, obtaining a fault reasoning result and obtaining a fault diagnosis analysis report.
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