CN117289392A - Method for processing spherical concave surface with controllable curvature radius on optical fiber end face - Google Patents
Method for processing spherical concave surface with controllable curvature radius on optical fiber end face Download PDFInfo
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- CN117289392A CN117289392A CN202311180579.XA CN202311180579A CN117289392A CN 117289392 A CN117289392 A CN 117289392A CN 202311180579 A CN202311180579 A CN 202311180579A CN 117289392 A CN117289392 A CN 117289392A
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- optical fiber
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003486 chemical etching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001659 ion-beam spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004038 photonic crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 2
- DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(5-carboxythiophen-2-yl)thiophene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound S1C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)S1 DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/25—Preparing the ends of light guides for coupling, e.g. cutting
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/245—Removing protective coverings of light guides before coupling
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for processing a spherical concave surface with controllable curvature radius on an optical fiber end surface, which belongs to the technical field of basic optical elements and optical fiber communication, and comprises the following steps of S1, removing a coating layer area of an optical fiber head to expose a bare optical fiber; s2, cutting to obtain a flat plane perpendicular to the fiber core; s3, manufacturing symmetrical defects on a plane, and if the optical fiber has the symmetrical defects, eliminating the step; and S4, arc discharge is carried out on the head part of the optical fiber with the symmetrical defect plane by the needle-shaped discharge electrode. The concave surface manufactured by the method has controllable curvature radius, smooth curved surface, simple method, low cost and high repeatability, and further provides a method foundation for processing the optical fiber required by the high-definition optical fiber Fabry-Perot cavity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of basic optical elements and optical fiber communication, and particularly relates to a method for processing a spherical concave surface with a controllable curvature radius on an optical fiber end surface.
Background
The technology of processing the concave surface with the shape close to the sphere on the end surface of the optical fiber is mainly applied to the construction of a miniature optical fiber Fabry-Perot cavity with high definition, and the Fabry-Perot cavity with high definition has strict requirements on the curvature radius and the roughness of the concave surface. At present, the mode of processing the concave surface on the end face of the optical fiber mainly comprises chemical etching, carbon dioxide laser sputtering and ion beam sputtering. The etching method uses hydrofluoric acid to treat the end face of the optical fiber, and the concave surface directly produced by the method is generally rough and has poor concave surface shape, so that subsequent smoothing treatment is often required, and the curvature radius of the concave surface is difficult to regulate. The carbon dioxide laser sputtering method uses high-energy carbon dioxide laser pulse to instantly evaporate silicon dioxide on the end face of the optical fiber to process the concave surface, the method has higher cost and complex parameters, and high-power and stable carbon dioxide lasers, three-dimensional piezoelectric translation stages, optical shutters and other devices are required to be configured to realize accurate concave surface positioning, single-pulse effect control and pulse duration control. Thus, in order to reduce the time and cost of manufacturing optical fiber fabry cavities, and to reduce the roughness of the concavities produced at the fiber-optic endface, there is a need for a low cost, simple, reliable method of machining concavities with controllable radii of curvature at the fiber-optic endface.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for processing a spherical concave surface with a controllable curvature radius on an optical fiber end surface, which aims to solve the problems of higher roughness, uncontrollable curvature radius and higher production cost in the prior art for manufacturing the spherical concave surface on the optical fiber end surface.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
a method of machining a spherical concave surface of controllable radius of curvature on an end face of an optical fiber, comprising the steps of:
s1, removing a coating layer area of a certain length of an optical fiber head for protecting the optical fiber by using an optical fiber wire stripper, and exposing the bare optical fiber; prevent that the coating from producing the influence to the concave surface in the electric shock process.
S2, cutting the bare optical fiber by using an optical fiber cutting knife to obtain a flat plane perpendicular to the fiber core;
s3, manufacturing symmetrical defects on the plane of the optical fiber, and eliminating the step if the used optical fiber has the symmetrical defects inside;
s4, arc discharge is carried out on the optical fiber head with the symmetrical defect plane by the needle-shaped discharge electrode, concave surface machining is carried out, and the curvature radius of the concave surface is controlled and changed by adjusting discharge voltage, discharge duration and discharge times. In the process, the end face of the optical fiber with the symmetrical defects is heated and melted in an electric shock discharge mode, so that the defect area in the center of the optical fiber is collapsed, and a concave surface with high symmetry is formed under the action of surface tension.
Further, the method for manufacturing the symmetrical defect comprises chemical etching, fiber tapering, laser sputtering or ion beam sputtering.
Further, the included angle between the plane obtained by cutting and the optical fiber is smaller than 0.5 degree.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a method for processing a spherical concave surface with controllable curvature radius on the end surface of an optical fiber, which has simple steps, and can manufacture the concave surface with the shape height close to a sphere and the diameter of 120 mu m without designing and testing pulse point sequences and positions like a combined multi-pulse carbon dioxide laser sputtering method; meanwhile, the curvature radius can be changed in the range of 150-800 mu m according to the size and shape of the defect area of the end face of the optical fiber, and the number of point discharge, the voltage and the accumulated duration.
2. When using optical fibers (e.g., photonic crystal fibers, which support single mode transmission of laser light over a wide bandwidth range, also known as microstructured fibers, which generally comprise defect regions of different arrangements of air holes having dimensions on the order of magnitude of the wavelength, the photonic crystal fibers have been provided with defective end faces and the defects have a high degree of symmetry, so that the defects required for step three have been met) with the defect regions coincident with the conduction modes in the optical fibers, no precise alignment is required, and the concave surfaces are automatically aligned with the fiber mode field, which is advantageous for improving the coupling efficiency of the cavity mode and the fiber mode of the fiber fabry cavity.
3. The curved surface generated by melting silicon dioxide by electric shock is smooth, and the root mean square roughness of the curved surface is about 0.1nm; the curvature radius and the diameter of the concave surface can be effectively regulated and controlled, the diameter of the concave surface can be determined by the size of a defect area of the end face of the optical fiber, and the curvature radius of the concave surface is simply regulated by the discharge time length, the voltage and the discharge times.
4. The invention has low cost and does not need devices such as a laser, an optical shutter, a piezoelectric translation stage and the like; the method has good repeatability, and the deviation of the radius of curvature of the concave surface obtained by five repeated experiments is less than 10%.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cutting view of example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a shock according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the cumulative discharge time and the radius of curvature of the concave surface of the shock LMA-15 fiber in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an interference objective diagram of a concave surface generated by an end-face discharge of an LMA-10 fiber fused to the head of a 1550-HP fiber in example 2 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. an optical fiber with a coating layer; 2. a left fiber groove; 3. an optical fiber cutter; 4. a right fiber groove; 5. bare optical fiber; 6. an optical fiber having a plane of symmetry defect; 7. a V-shaped groove; 8. a triaxial displacement table; 9. a ccd camera; 10. a discharge needle; 11. a control switch; 12. and (5) high-pressure packaging.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
A method for processing spherical concave with controllable curvature radius on optical fiber end face selects LMA-15 optical fiber produced by NKT company, wherein the cladding diameter is 240 μm, the mode field diameter is 15 μm, the area with about 120 μm center diameter has honeycomb shape defect, the processing flow chart is shown in figure 1, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1, removing a coating layer area with the length of 3cm from the head of an optical fiber by using an optical fiber wire stripper to expose the bare optical fiber;
s2, cutting the bare optical fiber by using an optical fiber cutting knife (Fujikura CT-103, japan) to obtain a flat plane perpendicular to the fiber core. The cutting schematic diagram is shown in fig. 2, the cutting mode is that an optical fiber 1 with a coating layer at one end is clamped by a left optical fiber groove 2 with the width of 500 mu m, a bare optical fiber 5 at one end is clamped by a right optical fiber groove 4 with the width of 250 mu m, the optical fiber is tensioned, an optical fiber is gradually and vertically cut by an optical fiber cutting knife 3, and the included angle between the end face obtained by cutting and the optical fiber is smaller than 0.5 degree.
S3, the LMA-15 optical fiber end face is selected to naturally contain the defect array, and manufacturing is not needed.
S4, obtaining a concave surface by electric shock, wherein as shown in fig. 3, an optical fiber 6 with a symmetrical defect plane is fixed on a V-shaped groove 7, and the V-shaped groove 7 is arranged on a triaxial displacement table 8. The head position of the optical fiber 6 is observed by the CCD camera 9 until it reaches the vicinity of the discharge needle 10, and the high-voltage package 12 supplies voltage discharge, and the discharge is controlled by the control switch 11. Setting the voltage 1400mV, the single discharge time was 700ms, the curvature radius of the concave surface generated by electric shock was gradually increased with the increase of the discharge times, and the change of the curvature radius with the accumulated discharge time is shown in fig. 4.
Example 2
Concave surfaces were machined on the end face of 1550-HP optical fiber manufactured by Nufern company for use in constructing optical fiber microcavities, and the coating diameter, cladding diameter and mode field diameter of 1550-HP optical fiber were 250 μm,125 μm and 9.6 μm, respectively. To match its dimensions and fiber mode field, a length of coated and clad fiber having a diameter consistent with that of the cladding and a mode field diameter of about 10 μm manufactured by NKT corporation was fusion spliced thereto and a concave surface was machined on the end face of the NKT LMA-10 fiber, comprising the steps of:
s1, removing a coating layer area with the length of 3cm from the head of an optical fiber by using an optical fiber wire stripper to expose the bare optical fiber;
s2, cutting the bare optical fiber by using an optical fiber cutting knife (Fujikura CT-103, japan) to obtain a flat plane perpendicular to the fiber core. The cutting procedure was as described in example 1S2, except that the left fiber groove 2 had a groove width of 250. Mu.m, and the right fiber groove 4 had a groove width of 125. Mu.m;
s3, the LMA-10 optical fiber end face is selected to naturally contain the defect array, and manufacturing is not needed.
S4, obtaining the concave surface by electric shock, setting voltage 1500mV, setting single discharge time to 1000ms, and the discharge times to 1, wherein the curvature radius of the concave surface is about 354 mu m, and the diameter can reach 100 mu m.
The center bright spot represents the mode field region of the interference objective diagram of the concave surface generated by the end surface discharge of the LMA-10 fiber fused to the head of the 1550-HP fiber.
Example 3
A method for processing spherical concave surface with controllable curvature radius on the end face of optical fiber selects GI62.5/125 multimode optical fiber manufactured by Nufern company, wherein the diameter of coating layer, the diameter of cladding layer and the diameter of mode field are respectively 250 μm,125 μm and 62.5 μm, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1 and S2 are as in example 2;
s3, manufacturing a mask structure with a circular symmetrical hole array in the center on the end face of the optical fiber by using a chemical etching method, wherein the diameter of a hole area is 60 mu m, the diameter of the hole in the area is 10 mu m, and then, using 49% hydrofluoric acid by volume and 40% ammonium fluoride by mass according to the volume ratio of 1: and 6, mixing and etching the optical fiber, taking out the optical fiber after etching for 10min, and soaking the optical fiber in water to wash out etching liquid. Stripping the photoresist mask in acetone to obtain the multimode fiber end face with the defect array required by electric shock; fiber tapering, laser sputtering or ion beam sputtering can also produce symmetrical defects at this step.
S4, obtaining the concave surface by electric shock, setting the voltage to 700mV, setting the single discharge time to 700ms, and setting the discharge times to 10 times, wherein the curvature radius of the concave surface obtained by electric shock is 500 mu m, and the diameter is 60 mu m.
The test was repeated five times with the method described in this example, respectively, and the resulting concave curvature radius deviation was less than 10%.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. A method of machining a spherical concave surface of controllable radius of curvature on an end face of an optical fiber, comprising the steps of:
s1, removing a coating layer area of the optical fiber head to expose the bare optical fiber;
s2, cutting to obtain a plane;
s3, detecting whether a symmetrical defect exists on the plane, and manufacturing the symmetrical defect when the symmetrical defect does not exist;
s4, arc discharge is carried out on the head of the optical fiber with the symmetrical defect plane by the needle-shaped discharge electrode.
2. A method of forming a spherical concave surface with a controllable radius of curvature on an end surface of an optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein the angle between the plane obtained by cutting in S2 and the optical fiber is less than 0.5 degrees.
3. A method of forming a spherical concave surface with a controllable radius of curvature on an end surface of an optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein said method of manufacturing a symmetrical defect in S3 comprises chemical etching, tapering, laser sputtering or ion beam sputtering.
4. A method of forming a concave surface of a spherical shape with a controllable radius of curvature on an end surface of an optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein the arc discharge in S4 is controlled and changed by adjusting the discharge voltage, the discharge duration and the number of discharges.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311180579.XA CN117289392A (en) | 2023-09-13 | 2023-09-13 | Method for processing spherical concave surface with controllable curvature radius on optical fiber end face |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311180579.XA CN117289392A (en) | 2023-09-13 | 2023-09-13 | Method for processing spherical concave surface with controllable curvature radius on optical fiber end face |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN117289392A true CN117289392A (en) | 2023-12-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202311180579.XA Pending CN117289392A (en) | 2023-09-13 | 2023-09-13 | Method for processing spherical concave surface with controllable curvature radius on optical fiber end face |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN117289392A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-09-13 CN CN202311180579.XA patent/CN117289392A/en active Pending
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