CN117288360B - Electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor - Google Patents
Electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN117288360B CN117288360B CN202311580301.1A CN202311580301A CN117288360B CN 117288360 B CN117288360 B CN 117288360B CN 202311580301 A CN202311580301 A CN 202311580301A CN 117288360 B CN117288360 B CN 117288360B
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
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Abstract
The invention provides an electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor, which comprises a shell, a permanent magnet assembly, a coil assembly and a control module, wherein the permanent magnet assembly, the coil assembly and the control module are arranged in the shell; the coil assembly is arranged in the shell and positioned below the permanent magnet assembly, the coil assembly comprises a first coil and a second coil, and the first coil and the second coil are electrically connected with the plug interface; the control module is used for controlling the switching of the current flow directions in the first coil and the second coil. The electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor provided by the invention can control the current flow directions in the first coil and the second coil to be the same or opposite through the control module so as to receive undistorted transverse waves and stronger longitudinal waves.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of industrial detection, in particular to an electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor.
Background
The transverse wave and the longitudinal wave can be excited simultaneously through the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor with special design. Bolt shaft force measurement based on an ultrasonic duplex wave method can be achieved using such electromagnetic ultrasonic sensors. During measurement, the axial force of the bolt in the in-service state can be measured only by one calibration without measuring the initial state of the bolt, and the measurement accuracy is higher.
The current electromagnetic ultrasonic technology faces two technical problems: firstly, the electromagnetic ultrasonic technology is easier to excite transverse wave signals with larger intensity in a ferromagnetic conductor, but the transverse wave signals are easy to interfere with clutter due to the influence of reflected waves and guided waves on the side surface of a bolt, so that waveform distortion is caused, effective echoes are difficult to identify by detection software and detection personnel, and measurement errors are caused; secondly, through optimizing coil parameters and permanent magnet structures, longitudinal waves with high intensity or non-distorted transverse waves can be obtained, but different excitation sources are needed to be connected with different coils to respectively generate the longitudinal waves and the transverse waves, and the longitudinal waves and the non-distorted transverse waves with high intensity are difficult to obtain by one excitation source. The two problems limit the application of electromagnetic ultrasonic sensors in bolt shaft force measurement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor, which can obtain undistorted transverse waves and stronger longitudinal waves by switching the flow directions of currents in a first coil and a second coil, and solves the problems that the longitudinal waves are difficult to excite and echo signals are easy to distort and diverge in the prior art.
In order to achieve one of the above objects, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor including:
a housing provided with an insertion port;
the permanent magnet assembly is arranged in the shell;
the coil assembly is arranged in the shell and positioned below the permanent magnet assembly, and comprises a first coil and a second coil which are electrically connected with the plug-in port;
and the control module is used for controlling the switching of the current flow directions in the first coil and the second coil.
As a further improvement of an embodiment of the present invention, the control module includes a controller and a control circuit, the control circuit includes a transceiver circuit provided with an input end and an output end, and a first switching circuit disposed between two ends of the transceiver circuit and the second coil, the controller is electrically connected with the first switching circuit, and controls the current in the first coil and the second coil to flow in the same direction or in opposite directions through the first switching circuit.
As a further improvement of an embodiment of the present invention, the control circuit further includes a second switching circuit disposed between the transceiver circuit and the first coil, and a third switching circuit disposed between the transceiver circuit and the first switching circuit, and the controller is electrically connected to the second switching circuit and the third switching circuit, and controls the first coil and the second coil to switch between series connection and parallel connection through cooperation of the second switching circuit and the third switching circuit.
As a further improvement of an embodiment of the present invention, the first coil is an air-core coil and has an outer diameter not larger than an outer diameter of the permanent magnet assembly, and the second coil has an outer diameter not larger than an inner diameter of the first coil, so that the first coil and the second coil can be disposed on the same plane.
As a further improvement of one embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the inner diameter to the outer diameter of the first coil is 0.1 to 0.95.
As a further improvement of one embodiment of the present invention, a ratio of an outer diameter of the second coil to an inner diameter of the first coil is 0.1 to 1.
As a further improvement of an embodiment of the present invention, the permanent magnet assembly includes a first permanent magnet, which is a solid cylinder or a hollow cylinder.
As a further improvement of an embodiment of the present invention, when the first permanent magnet is a hollow cylinder, the permanent magnet assembly further includes a second permanent magnet, the second permanent magnet is coaxially disposed with the first permanent magnet and is disposed in the first permanent magnet of the cylinder, and the magnetic fields of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are opposite in direction.
As a further improvement of an embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic shield is further included, and the magnetic shield is disposed between the permanent magnet assembly and the coil assembly.
As a further improvement of an embodiment of the present invention, the plug interface is disposed on a side wall of the housing along a length direction of the permanent magnet assembly.
The one or more technical schemes provided by the invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
according to the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor provided by the invention, the first coil and the second coil are arranged below the permanent magnet assembly, and the control module is arranged to control the current flow directions of the first coil and the second coil, so that the currents in the first coil and the second coil can be in the same direction or in opposite directions, and the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor can receive undistorted transverse waves or stronger longitudinal waves by changing the current flow directions of the first coil and the second coil, so that accurate measurement of the bolt shaft force is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the housing of fig. 1 in longitudinal section.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a control circuit in an embodiment of the invention.
1. A housing; 11. a housing; 12. a cover body; 13. an interface; 14. a plug; 2. a permanent magnet assembly; 21. a first permanent magnet; 22. a second permanent magnet; 3. a coil assembly; 31. a first coil; 32. a second coil; 4. a wire; 5. a magnetism isolating member; 6. wear-resistant plate; 7. a control module; 71. a transceiver circuit; 711. an input end; 712. an output end; 72. a first switching circuit; 73. a second switching circuit; 74. a third switching circuit; s1, a first switch; s2, a second switch; s3, a third switch; s4, a fourth switch.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like as used herein to refer to a spatially relative position are used for ease of illustration to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. The term spatially relative position may be intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures.
For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "below" can encompass both an orientation of above and below. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific context.
Also, it should be understood that, although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements or structures, these described objects should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one such descriptive object from another. For example, a first coil may be referred to as a second coil, and similarly a second coil may also be referred to as a first coil, without departing from the scope of the present application.
The embodiment of the invention provides an electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor, as shown in figures 1 and 2, which comprises a shell 1, a permanent magnet assembly 2, a coil assembly 3 and a control module 7, wherein the permanent magnet assembly 2, the coil assembly 3 and the control module 7 are arranged in the shell 1, and the shell 1 is provided with an inserting port 13; the coil assembly 3 is positioned below the permanent magnet assembly 2, the coil assembly 3 comprises a first coil 31 and a second coil 32, and the first coil 31 and the second coil 32 are electrically connected with the plug interface 13; the control module 7 is used for controlling the switching of the current flow direction in the first coil 31 and the second coil 32.
The control module 7 includes a controller and a control circuit, the control circuit includes a transceiver circuit 71 having an input terminal 711 and an output terminal 712, a first switching circuit 72 disposed between the transceiver circuit 71 and both ends of the second coil 32, a second switching circuit 73 disposed between the transceiver circuit 71 and the first coil 31, and a third switching circuit 74 disposed between the transceiver circuit 71 and the first switching circuit 72, the controller is in electrical communication with the first switching circuit 72, the second switching circuit 73 and the third switching circuit 74, and controls the current in the first coil 31 and the second coil 32 to flow in the same direction or in opposite directions through the first switching circuit 72; the first coil 31 and the second coil 32 are controlled to switch between series and parallel by cooperation of the second switching circuit 73 and the third switching circuit 74.
When the currents in the first coil 31 and the second coil 32 under the permanent magnet assembly 2 flow in the same direction, the vertical force source directions of the coils located at different positions under the permanent magnet assembly 2 may be the same or opposite, and likewise, the horizontal force source directions may be the same or opposite. When the currents of the first coil 31 and the second coil 32 flow in the same direction, if the horizontal force sources are opposite, the currents of the first coil 31 and the second coil 32 are switched to flow in the opposite direction, so that the horizontal force sources can be overlapped, and longitudinal waves are enhanced; if the vertical force sources are opposite, the currents of the first coil 31 and the second coil 32 are switched to flow in opposite directions, so that the vertical force sources are in the same direction, high-order mode waves are not easy to form, interference is less, and the transverse wave distortion condition is improved.
In the embodiment, two coils are arranged, the diameter of the coil assembly 3 is increased, so that the coil assembly 3 generates low-order modal waves, and the situation of transverse wave distortion is further improved. Meanwhile, as the control module 7 can control the connection mode of the first coil 31 and the second coil 32, when the impedance of the coil assembly 3 is larger, the first coil 31 and the second coil 32 can be controlled to be connected in parallel, so that the influence of the larger impedance of the coil assembly 3 on the sound wave intensity is avoided. When the impedance of the coil assembly 3 is smaller, the first coil 31 and the second coil 32 can be controlled to be connected in series, so that the influence of the too low impedance of the coil assembly 3 on the impedance matching effect and the influence on the sound wave intensity are avoided.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 are provided in the first switch circuit 72, the third switch S3 is provided in the second switch circuit 73, and the fourth switch S4 is provided in the third switch circuit 74.
The first switch S1, the second switch S2, the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 are controlled by the controller, when the third switch S3 is closed and the fourth switch S4 is communicated with the upper left line, the first coil 31 and the second coil 32 are connected in parallel, and when the first switch S1 is communicated with the upper left line, the second switch S2 is communicated with the upper left line, the current in the first coil 31 and the second coil 32 is reversed; when the first switch S1 is in communication with its lower left hand line and the second switch S2 is in communication with its lower left hand line, the currents in the first coil 31 and the second coil 32 are in the same direction.
When the third switch S3 is turned off, the fourth switch S4 is connected to the lower left line thereof, the first coil 31 and the second coil 32 are connected in series, and when the first switch S1 is connected to the upper left line thereof, the second switch S2 is connected to the upper left line thereof, the currents in the first coil 31 and the second coil 32 are reversed; when the first switch S1 is in communication with its lower left hand line and the second switch S2 is in communication with its lower left hand line, the currents in the first coil 31 and the second coil 32 are in the same direction.
The above four connection modes of the first coil 31 and the second coil 32 in the control current: the four modes can be switched according to the needs during measurement.
Here, the currents in the first coil 31 and the second coil 32 flow in the same direction as the currents in both clockwise and counterclockwise directions, and the currents in the first coil 31 and the second coil 32 flow in the opposite direction as one coil is clockwise and the other coil is counterclockwise, and the coils in fig. 3 are judged in the upward and downward directions.
In the present embodiment, the input terminal 711 is connected to the upper side of the transceiver circuit 71 and the output terminal 712 is connected to the lower side of the transceiver circuit 71 in fig. 3, but the positive and negative poles of the transceiver circuit 71 can be switched to reverse the current flow direction of the entire control circuit, but this does not affect the control of the current flow direction and the series-parallel connection manner in the first coil 31 and the second coil 32 by the control circuit, which is just another embodiment of the present invention.
For the structure of electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor, shell 1 is formed with upward open-ended casing 11 and with the lid 12 of casing 11 upper end opening cover, and a detection mouth has been seted up to the bottom of casing 11 one end of keeping away from lid 12, and interface 13 sets up in shell 1 along permanent magnet assembly 2 length direction's lateral wall, and concretely, interface 13 department is fixed with an interface 14, and first coil 31 and second coil 32 pass through interface 13 and interface 14 electric connection, and interface 14 is connected with wire 4, and wire 4 is connected with control module 7.
In the mounting, the first coil 31, the second coil 32 and the permanent magnet assembly 2 are sequentially placed in the housing 11 through the opening of the housing 11, and then the cover 12 is closed with the housing 11. During measurement, the plug 13 arranged on the side wall of the shell 11 has smaller limit on the height of the use occasion during measurement compared with the conventional plug arranged on the top. The plug-in port 13 is electrically connected to the first coil 31 and the second coil 32 inward and to the lead 4 on the host providing the excitation source for the first coil 31 and the second coil 32 outward.
Further, the first coil 31 in the coil assembly 3 is an air core coil, and the outer diameter of the second coil 32 does not exceed the inner diameter of the first coil 31, so that the first coil 31 and the second coil 32 can be arranged on the same plane, the distance between the first coil 31 and the second coil 32 and the piece to be detected is the same, and the phenomenon that the ultrasonic amplitude is reduced due to the fact that the coil which is closer to the permanent magnet assembly 2 is far away from the piece to be detected is avoided. In addition, in the present embodiment, the second coil 32 is also an air coil, and the use of the air coils for the first coil 31 and the second coil 32 can also greatly reduce the magnetization force of the opposite phases generated in the central area of the coils, so that the forward resultant force is improved, thereby enhancing the longitudinal wave signal. The outer diameter of the first coil 31 does not exceed the outer diameter of the permanent magnet assembly 2, and the coil resistance is prevented from being increased by the portion exceeding the permanent magnet assembly 2, so that the intensity of ultrasonic signals is reduced.
Preferably, the ratio of the inner diameter to the outer diameter of the first coil 31 is 0.1 to 0.95. More preferably, the ratio of the outer diameter of the second coil 32 to the inner diameter of the first coil 31 is 0.1 to 1.
Further, the permanent magnet assembly 2 may include only the first permanent magnet 21, and may also include the first permanent magnet 21 and the second permanent magnet 22. A solid cylinder or a hollow cylinder of the first permanent magnet 21; when the first permanent magnet 21 is a hollow cylinder, the second permanent magnet 22 is coaxially arranged with the first permanent magnet 21 and is arranged in the first permanent magnet 21 of the cylinder, and the magnetic fields of the first permanent magnet 21 and the second permanent magnet 22 are opposite in direction.
In this embodiment, the permanent magnet assembly 2 is composed of a first permanent magnet 21 of hollow cylindrical shape and a second cylindrical permanent magnet 22 provided in the first permanent magnet 21, and the magnetic fields of the first permanent magnet 21 and the second permanent magnet 22 are opposite in direction. The two permanent magnets are arranged, so that the outer diameter of the permanent magnet assembly 2 is larger, the outer diameter of the coil assembly 3 can be further increased, the ratio of the inner diameter to the outer diameter of the coil assembly 3 is reduced, the coil assembly 3 is further promoted to generate low-order modal waves, and the situation of transverse wave distortion is further improved; meanwhile, the magnetic field directions of the first permanent magnet 21 and the second permanent magnet 22 are opposite, so that the whole magnetic attraction force of the permanent magnet assembly 2 can be reduced, and the influence of the too large magnetic attraction force of the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor on the use of measuring staff is avoided.
Further, the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor further comprises a magnetism isolating piece 5 and a wear-resisting piece 6, wherein the magnetism isolating piece 5 is arranged between the permanent magnet assembly 2 and the coil assembly 3, namely, the magnetism isolating piece 5 separates the permanent magnet assembly 2 and the coil assembly 3 at two sides of the magnetism isolating piece 5, so that most of magnetic fields generated by the first coil 31 and the second coil 32 under alternating current can be isolated, and the influence of the magnetic fields generated by the first coil 31 and the second coil 32 under the alternating current on the static magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet assembly 2 is reduced. Preferably, the projections of the first coil 31 and the second coil 32 are on the magnetism insulator 5 in the height direction of the permanent magnet assembly 2. Preferably, the magnetic isolation member 5 may be 1-6 layers of copper foil or magnetic conductive sheet.
Wear pad 6 sets up in coil pack 3 below, i.e. first coil 31 and second coil 32 set up in wear pad 6 top, prevents that the bolt from producing wearing and tearing to coil pack 3 in the repeated testing process, plays the effect of protection coil pack 3, and wear pad 6 is low electric conduction and low magnetic conduction's potsherd or plastic sheet. The wear pad 6 can be provided with two layers, when the wear pad 6 close to one side of the detection port is worn and needs to be replaced, the wear pad 6 can be directly taken out from the detection port, the time for replacing the wear pad 6 by the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor is prolonged, and the replacement times are reduced.
Further, the first coil 31 and the second coil 32 may be wound with an enamel wire, or may be manufactured using a PCB process, wherein the PCB may be a flexible PCB or a conventional PCB.
It should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is for clarity only, and that the skilled artisan should recognize that the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be understood by those skilled in the art.
The above list of detailed descriptions is only specific to practical embodiments of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent embodiments or modifications that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor, comprising:
a housing provided with an insertion port;
the permanent magnet assembly is arranged in the shell;
the coil assembly is arranged in the shell and positioned below the permanent magnet assembly, and comprises a first coil and a second coil which are electrically connected with the plug-in port;
the control module is used for controlling the switching of the current flow directions in the first coil and the second coil;
the control module comprises a controller and a control circuit, wherein the control circuit comprises a receiving-transmitting circuit provided with an input end and an output end and a first switching circuit arranged between two ends of the receiving-transmitting circuit and a second coil, and the controller is electrically communicated with the first switching circuit and controls the current in the first coil and the second coil to flow in the same direction or in opposite directions through the first switching circuit;
the control circuit also comprises a second switching circuit arranged between the receiving and transmitting circuit and the first coil, and a third switching circuit arranged between the receiving and transmitting circuit and the first switching circuit, wherein the controller is electrically communicated with the second switching circuit and the third switching circuit, and the first coil and the second coil are controlled to be switched between series connection and parallel connection through the cooperation of the second switching circuit and the third switching circuit.
2. The electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor of claim 1, wherein the first coil is an air core coil and has an outer diameter no greater than an outer diameter of the permanent magnet assembly, and the second coil has an outer diameter no greater than an inner diameter of the first coil, such that the first and second coils can be disposed in a same plane.
3. The electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor of claim 2, wherein the ratio of the inner diameter to the outer diameter of the first coil is 0.1-0.95.
4. The electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor according to claim 3, wherein a ratio of an outer diameter of the second coil to an inner diameter of the first coil is 0.1 to 1.
5. The electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor of claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet assembly comprises a first permanent magnet that is either a solid cylinder or a hollow cylinder.
6. The electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor of claim 5, wherein when the first permanent magnet is a hollow cylinder, the permanent magnet assembly further comprises a second permanent magnet coaxially arranged with the first permanent magnet and disposed in the first permanent magnet of the cylinder, and the magnetic fields of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are opposite in direction.
7. The electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor of claim 1, further comprising a magnetic shield disposed between the permanent magnet assembly and the coil assembly.
8. The electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor of claim 1, wherein the plug interface is disposed on a sidewall of the housing along a length of the permanent magnet assembly.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311580301.1A CN117288360B (en) | 2023-11-24 | 2023-11-24 | Electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311580301.1A CN117288360B (en) | 2023-11-24 | 2023-11-24 | Electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor |
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| CN117288360A CN117288360A (en) | 2023-12-26 |
| CN117288360B true CN117288360B (en) | 2024-02-13 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107084692A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-08-22 | 沈阳工业大学 | Electromagnetic acoustic shear wave thickness measuring transducer |
| CN108020155A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-05-11 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of dual coil electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer based on Halbach principles |
| CN112945476A (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2021-06-11 | 马丽娟 | Small pressure container trace gas leakage emergency ultrasonic detection system and method |
| CN112986398A (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2021-06-18 | 南昌航空大学 | Electromagnetic ultrasonic Lamb wave transducer and online detection system and method |
| CN116007807A (en) * | 2023-02-01 | 2023-04-25 | 零声科技(苏州)有限公司 | Electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor |
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2023
- 2023-11-24 CN CN202311580301.1A patent/CN117288360B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107084692A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-08-22 | 沈阳工业大学 | Electromagnetic acoustic shear wave thickness measuring transducer |
| CN108020155A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-05-11 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of dual coil electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer based on Halbach principles |
| CN112945476A (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2021-06-11 | 马丽娟 | Small pressure container trace gas leakage emergency ultrasonic detection system and method |
| CN112986398A (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2021-06-18 | 南昌航空大学 | Electromagnetic ultrasonic Lamb wave transducer and online detection system and method |
| CN116007807A (en) * | 2023-02-01 | 2023-04-25 | 零声科技(苏州)有限公司 | Electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor |
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