CN117285946A - Microwave pyrolysis oven and operation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a microwave pyrolysis oven and an operation method thereof, wherein the microwave pyrolysis oven comprises an oven body, a vibration source and a microwave generator, the oven body is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, a reactor is arranged in the oven body, one end of the reactor is communicated with the feed inlet, the other end of the reactor is communicated with the discharge outlet, the reactor is obliquely arranged, and one end of the reactor, which is close to the feed inlet, is higher than one end of the reactor, which is close to the discharge outlet; the vibration source is connected with the reactor so that the reactor can vibrate and convey materials; the microwave generator is used for heating the materials in the reactor by microwaves and enabling the materials in the reactor to carry out pyrolysis reaction. The operation method of the microwave pyrolysis furnace comprises the steps of feeding, vibrating conveying, microwave heating to carry out pyrolysis reaction, discharging and the like. The microwave pyrolysis oven has the advantages of safe and reliable structure and capability of improving pyrolysis efficiency. The invention is used in the technical field of microwave pyrolysis.

Description

Microwave pyrolysis oven and operation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of microwave pyrolysis, in particular to a microwave pyrolysis oven and an operation method thereof.

Background

Pyrolysis is an irreversible process in which organic substances are subjected to thermochemical treatment under anaerobic or anoxic environmental conditions, so that the chemical composition and physical state of the organic substances are changed. According to different pyrolysis temperatures, organic matters are thermally cracked to form gas-phase matters (pyrolysis gas) and solid-phase matters (solid residues) with higher utilization value, and an effective way is provided for reducing, stabilizing and recycling the organic matters.

Pyrolysis techniques can be divided into conventional pyrolysis techniques and microwave pyrolysis techniques. Conventional pyrolysis techniques suffer from several drawbacks: the indirect heating has low heat transfer efficiency, low pyrolysis efficiency and higher operation energy consumption, especially in the process of equipment amplification, the weight and the cost of the equipment are increased according to the cube of the size, and the heat exchange area is only increased according to the square of the size; the high-temperature dynamic sealing device adopts a spiral or roller mode for conveying, has high cost and poor reliability of the high-temperature dynamic sealing of the rotating mechanism, is particularly difficult to realize by a large-size high-temperature dynamic sealing technology, and limits the mass production and application of the pyrolysis technology.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention aims to solve, at least to some extent, one of the above technical problems in the prior art. Therefore, an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention provides a microwave pyrolysis oven, which is safe and reliable in structure and capable of improving pyrolysis efficiency.

In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method of operating a microwave pyrolysis oven.

According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, a microwave pyrolysis oven includes: the furnace body is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, a reactor is arranged in the furnace body, one end of the reactor is communicated with the feed inlet, the other end of the reactor is communicated with the discharge outlet, the reactor is obliquely arranged, and one end of the reactor, which is close to the feed inlet, is higher than one end of the reactor, which is close to the discharge outlet; the vibration source is connected with the reactor so that the reactor can vibrate and convey materials; and the microwave generator is used for heating the materials in the reactor by microwaves and enabling the materials in the reactor to carry out pyrolysis reaction.

Based on the technical scheme, the embodiment of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the material can be conveyed by arranging the vibration source to enable the reactor to stably vibrate, the microwave generator can directly heat the material in the reactor, the heat transfer efficiency is high, and the efficiency of pyrolysis reaction of the material in the reactor is also high.

According to the microwave pyrolysis oven disclosed by the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the vibration source is arranged outside the oven body, the vibration source comprises a vibrator and a first shell wrapping the vibrator, the first shell is provided with a first interface, the oven body is provided with a second interface, the first interface is in flexible connection with the second interface to form a first channel, and one end of the vibrator penetrates through the first channel to be connected with the reactor.

According to the microwave pyrolysis oven, the microwave pyrolysis oven further comprises an elastic suspension device arranged outside the oven body, the elastic suspension device comprises an elastic part and a second shell wrapping the elastic part, the second shell is provided with a third interface, the oven body is provided with a fourth interface, the third interface is in flexible connection with the fourth interface to form a second channel, one end of the elastic part is fixed, and the other end of the elastic part penetrates through the second channel to be connected with the reactor, so that the reactor is in a suspension state.

According to the microwave pyrolysis oven disclosed by the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the reactor is a reaction tank, the microwave generator is opposite to the opening side of the reaction tank and is arranged outside the oven body, the oven body is provided with the sight glass opening at the position corresponding to the microwave generator, and the microwave generator transmits microwave signals into the reaction tank through the sight glass opening, so that the microwave generator can heat materials in the reactor.

According to the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the microwave pyrolysis oven further comprises a case, the case is in sealing connection with the oven body, the number of the microwave generators is multiple, and the microwave generators form a microwave generator array and are arranged in the case.

According to the microwave pyrolysis oven disclosed by the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor are arranged in the oven body, the first temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of materials in the reactor, and the second temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of gas in the reactor.

The microwave pyrolysis oven according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention further comprises a controller, wherein the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the microwave generator and the vibration source are all electrically connected with the controller.

According to the microwave pyrolysis oven disclosed by the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the oven body is further provided with a gas purging port and an exhaust port which are communicated with the reactor, and a first oxygen sensor is further arranged in the oven body so as to detect the oxygen content in the reactor.

According to the microwave pyrolysis oven disclosed by the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the feeding hole is communicated with the feeding buffer bin, the feeding buffer bin is positioned outside the oven body, a first feeding valve is arranged at one end, far away from the feeding hole, of the feeding buffer bin so as to open and close the feeding buffer bin, a second feeding valve is arranged at one end, close to the feeding hole, of the feeding buffer bin so as to open and close a passage between the feeding buffer bin and the feeding hole, the feeding buffer bin is communicated with a first gas replacement pipe orifice, the first gas replacement pipe orifice is positioned between the first feeding valve and the second feeding valve, and a second oxygen sensor is arranged in the feeding buffer bin so as to detect the oxygen content in the feeding buffer bin.

A method of operating a microwave pyrolysis oven according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention includes the steps of: carrying out gas replacement on the reactor through a gas purging port so as to control the oxygen content in the reactor within a first preset range and maintain the positive pressure in the reactor within a second preset range;

opening a first feeding valve, closing a second feeding valve, enabling materials to enter a feeding buffer bin through the first feeding valve, closing the first feeding valve, and performing gas replacement on the feeding buffer bin through a first gas replacement pipe orifice so as to control the oxygen content in the feeding buffer bin within a third preset range;

opening a second feeding valve, enabling materials to enter the reactor, starting a vibration source to vibrate and convey the materials, and simultaneously starting a microwave generator to heat the materials in the reactor, so that the materials in the reactor can undergo pyrolysis reaction; the controller adjusts the output power of the microwave generator and the output power of the vibration source according to the signals transmitted by the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor, so as to adjust the pyrolysis temperature and the pyrolysis reaction time; the first temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of materials in the reactor, and the second temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of gas in the reactor; and discharging the materials from the discharge hole after the pyrolysis reaction is finished.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples;

fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a microwave pyrolysis oven according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.

Reference numerals: furnace body 100, feed inlet 110, feed surge bin 120, first feed valve 121, second feed valve 122, first gas displacement nozzle 123, first gas inlet 1231, first gas outlet 1232, discharge outlet 130, discharge surge bin 140, first discharge valve 141, second discharge valve 142, second gas displacement nozzle 143, second gas inlet 1431, second gas outlet 1432, gas purge port 150, gas outlet 160, sight glass port 170, second interface 180, fourth interface 190; a reaction tank 200; a first housing 310, a first interface 311, a vibrator 320; a second housing 410, a third interface 411, and an elastic member 420; chassis 500, shielding layer 510, microwave generator 520.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the present embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings are used to supplement the description of the written description so that one can intuitively and intuitively understand each technical feature and overall technical scheme of the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that references to orientation descriptions such as upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, a number means one or more, a number means two or more, and greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. are understood to not include the present number, and above, below, within, etc. are understood to include the present number. The description of the first and second is for the purpose of distinguishing between technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.

In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly defined otherwise, terms such as arrangement, connection, etc. should be construed broadly and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art in combination with the specific contents of the technical solution.

Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention provides a microwave pyrolysis oven, which is safe and reliable in structure and capable of improving pyrolysis efficiency. The microwave pyrolysis oven mainly includes a furnace body 100, a vibration source, and a microwave generator 520.

The furnace body 100 is provided with a feed inlet 110 and a discharge outlet 130, a reactor is arranged in the furnace body 100, one end of the reactor is communicated with the feed inlet 110 so as to throw materials into the reactor through the feed inlet 110, the other end of the reactor is communicated with the discharge outlet 130, the reactor is obliquely arranged, and one end of the reactor, which is close to the feed inlet 110, is higher than one end of the reactor, which is close to the discharge outlet 130. A vibration source is coupled to the reactor to enable the reactor to vibrate to deliver material to the discharge port 130. The microwave generator 520 serves to microwave heat the materials in the reactor and enable the materials in the reactor to undergo pyrolysis.

Referring to fig. 1, the feed inlet 110 is disposed at the upper right side of the reactor, the discharge outlet 130 is disposed at the lower left side of the reactor, the right end of the reactor is disposed obliquely upward, the vibration source is disposed at the right side of the furnace body 100, and the microwave generator 520 is disposed above the furnace body 100.

In some embodiments, the reactor is a reaction tank 200, and the opening of the reaction tank 200 is upward. Further, the outer layer of the furnace body 100 is covered with a heat insulating layer to prevent heat dissipation in the reaction tank 200. It will be appreciated that the reactor may also be a closed vessel or other open vessel. The reaction vessel 200 is further described below as an example of a reactor.

Referring to fig. 1, a vibration source is disposed outside a furnace body 100, the vibration source includes a vibrator 320 and a first housing 310 surrounding the vibrator 320, the first housing 310 is provided with a first interface 311, the furnace body 100 is provided with a second interface 180, the first interface 311 is flexibly connected with the second interface 180 to form a first channel, and one end of the vibrator 320 passes through the first channel to be connected with a reactor. Referring to fig. 1, one end of the vibrator 320 passes through the first passage to be connected with the bottom of the reaction tank 200. The vibration source is arranged outside the furnace body 100, so that the vibration source can work at a low temperature, and the working state of the vibration source can be effectively prevented from being influenced by high temperature.

In some embodiments, the first interface 311 and the second interface 180 are sealed by a first connection sleeve made of rubber to achieve a soft connection. Further, the inner walls of the first interface 311, the first connecting sleeve and the second interface 180 are provided with heat insulation layers.

Further, the microwave pyrolysis oven further comprises an elastic suspension device arranged outside the oven body 100, and the elastic suspension device is arranged at one end of the reaction tank 200 near the discharge hole 130. The elastic suspension device comprises an elastic component 420 and a second housing 410 wrapping the elastic component 420, the second housing 410 is provided with a third interface 411, the furnace body 100 is provided with a fourth interface 190, the third interface 411 is in flexible connection with the fourth interface 190 to form a second channel, one end of the elastic component 420 is fixed, and the other end of the elastic component passes through the second channel to be connected with the reactor, so that the reaction tank 200 is in a suspension state and is not in contact with the furnace body 100, thereby avoiding vibration of sealing components, meters, electric elements and the like at each joint of the furnace body 100 and the furnace body 100, and improving safety and service life.

Referring to fig. 1, the elastic suspension device is disposed at the upper left of the reactor, and the upper end of the elastic member 420 is fixed, and the lower end is connected to one end of the reactor near the discharge port 130 by a connection member such as a rope.

In some of these embodiments, the resilient member 420 is an extension spring.

Similarly, the third port 411 and the fourth port 190 are also connected by a second connecting sleeve made of rubber in a sealing manner to realize soft connection. And the inner walls of the third interface 411, the second connecting sleeve and the fourth interface 190 are all provided with heat insulation layers.

The microwave generator 520 is opposite to the open side of the reaction tank 200 and is disposed outside the furnace body 100, and the furnace body 100 is provided with a viewing window 170 at a position corresponding to the microwave generator 520, wherein the viewing window 170 is a transparent layer provided with glass for microwave transmission. It is understood that quartz glass can be used for the viewing mirror port in consideration of temperature resistance, and the microwave transmittance is about 90%.

The microwave generator 520 transmits a microwave signal into the reaction tank 200 through the view port 170 so that the microwave generator 520 can heat the material in the reactor, and in particular, a microwave emitting port corresponding to the view port 170 is provided on the microwave generator 520, from which the microwave signal is emitted, through the view port 170, into the reaction tank 200. If tar condensation occurs at the view mirror 170, it can be prevented by electric heating, nitrogen purge protection, etc.

Since the microwave generator 520 is arranged outside the furnace body 100, the microwave generator 520 can work at a low temperature and the working state of the microwave generator 520 cannot be influenced due to overhigh temperature; since the microwave generator 520 can directly transmit the microwave signal into the reaction tank 200 through the view port 170 on the furnace body 100, the pyrolysis efficiency of the microwave pyrolysis furnace can be effectively improved.

In some embodiments, the microwave pyrolysis oven further includes a cabinet 500, where the cabinet 500 and the equipment housing materials, such as the oven body 100, are metal, typically stainless steel, to prevent microwave leakage. The cabinet 500 is hermetically connected to the outer wall of the furnace body 100, and a shielding layer 510 is provided at the connection to prevent leakage of microwaves from a gap between the cabinet 500 and the furnace body 100. Similar shielding is provided at the connection locations of the second interface 180 and the fourth interface 190, etc., to prevent microwave leakage.

The microwave generators 520 are provided in plurality, and the plurality of microwave generators 520 form an array of microwave generators 520 and are disposed in the cabinet 500. Referring to fig. 1, a cabinet 500 is disposed above the furnace body 100 opposite to the opening of the reaction tank 200, and the furnace body 100 is provided with a viewing port 170 at a position corresponding to each microwave generator 520. The microwave generators 520 are arranged in an array, which facilitates the size enlargement of the microwave pyrolysis oven, thereby increasing the pyrolysis treatment scale.

A first temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the material in the reactor and a second temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the gas in the reactor are provided in the furnace body 100.

In some embodiments, the first temperature sensor is an infrared thermometer, and is installed on the furnace body 100 to detect the surface temperature of the material in the reaction tank 200; the second temperature sensor is a thermocouple and is also mounted on the furnace body 100 to detect the temperature of the gas generated by the pyrolysis in the reaction tank 200.

Further, the microwave pyrolysis oven further includes a controller, and the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the microwave generator 520, and the vibration source are electrically connected to the controller. The controller adjusts the output power of the microwave generator 520 and the output power of the vibration source according to the signals transmitted from the first and second temperature sensors, thereby adjusting the pyrolysis temperature and the pyrolysis reaction time. It can be understood that the speed of conveying the materials in the reaction tank 200 can be controlled by controlling the output power of the vibration source, so that the time of pyrolysis reaction of the materials in the reaction tank 200 can be controlled; and the faster the reaction tank 200 delivers the material, the shorter the time for performing the pyrolysis reaction; the slower the rate at which the reaction tank 200 delivers materials, the longer the pyrolysis reaction is performed.

The furnace body 100 is also provided with a gas purging port 150 and an exhaust port 160 which are communicated with the reaction tank 200, wherein the gas purging port 150 is a nitrogen purging port. It will be appreciated that both the gas purge port 150 and the gas vent 160 are closed by valves when not in use. Referring to fig. 1, the gas purge port 150 is provided at the left side of the furnace body 100, and the gas exhaust port 160 is provided at the right side of the furnace body 100 above the vibration source.

In some embodiments, the microwave pyrolysis oven further includes an exhaust pipeline, the exhaust pipeline is communicated with the exhaust port 160, a fourth oxygen sensor and a heating device are arranged in the exhaust pipeline, and the fourth oxygen sensor is used for detecting the oxygen content of the gas in the exhaust pipeline, so that the oxygen content in the exhaust pipeline is within a fifth preset range, and the exhaust gas with overhigh oxygen content is prevented from exploding in the exhaust pipeline; the heating device is used for heating the gas in the exhaust pipeline to prevent the gas from condensing in the exhaust pipeline.

Furthermore, the heating device is electric tracing, and the target temperature of the electric tracing is generally set to 400-450 ℃ to prevent the gaseous tar from condensing in the exhaust pipeline.

A first oxygen sensor is also provided in the furnace body 100 to detect the oxygen content in the reactor. The reactor can be replaced by gas through the gas purge port 150, and the oxygen content in the reactor can be controlled within a first preset range by combining the first oxygen sensor. Both the displacement gas and the gas generated during the pyrolysis reaction may be exhausted through the exhaust port 160.

In order to prevent radiation leakage, each connecting port of the microwave pyrolysis oven is provided with a metal seal, for example, a copper woven mesh or the like is adopted.

The feed inlet 110 is communicated with a feed surge bin 120, the feed surge bin 120 is located outside the furnace body 100, a first feed valve 121 is arranged at one end, far away from the feed inlet 110, of the feed surge bin 120 so as to open and close the feed surge bin 120, and a second feed valve 122 is arranged at one end, close to the feed inlet 110, of the feed surge bin 120 so as to open and close a passage between the feed surge bin 120 and the feed inlet 110. Referring to fig. 1, a feed surge bin 120 is located above a furnace body 100, a first feed valve 121 is provided at an upper end of the feed surge bin 120, and a second feed valve 122 is provided at a lower end of the feed surge bin 120.

The feed surge bin 120 is communicated with a first gas replacement nozzle 123, the first gas replacement nozzle 123 is located between the first feed valve 121 and the second feed valve 122, and nitrogen replacement can be performed on the feed surge bin 120 through the first gas replacement nozzle 123 so as to control the oxygen content in the feed surge bin 120.

Referring to fig. 1, the first gas replacement nozzle 123 includes a first gas inlet 1231 and a first gas outlet 1232, the first gas inlet 1231 is used for inputting inert gas such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide into the feed surge bin 120, and the first gas outlet 1232 is used for discharging oxygen in the feed surge bin 120 to replace the feed surge bin 120 with gas.

Further, a second oxygen sensor is provided within the feed surge bin 120 to detect the oxygen content within the feed surge bin 120.

The discharge port 130 is communicated with a discharge buffer bin 141, the discharge buffer bin 141 is positioned outside the furnace body 100, one end of the discharge buffer bin 141, which is close to the discharge port 130, is provided with a first discharge valve 141 to open and close a passage between the discharge port 130 and the discharge buffer bin 141, and one end of the discharge buffer bin 141, which is far away from the discharge port 130, is provided with a second discharge valve 142 to open and close the discharge buffer bin 141. Referring to fig. 1, a discharge buffer bin 141 is located below the furnace body 100, a first discharge valve 141 is disposed at an upper end of the discharge buffer bin 141, and a second discharge valve 142 is disposed at a lower end of the discharge buffer bin 141.

The discharge buffer bin 141 is communicated with a second gas replacement pipe orifice 143, the second gas replacement pipe orifice 143 is positioned between the first discharge valve 141 and the second discharge valve 142, and nitrogen replacement can be performed on the discharge buffer bin 141 through the second gas replacement pipe orifice 143 so as to control the oxygen content in the discharge buffer bin 141.

Referring to fig. 1, the second gas replacement nozzle 143 includes a second gas inlet 1431 and a second gas outlet 1432, the second gas inlet 1431 is used for inputting inert gas such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide into the discharge buffer bin 141, and the second gas outlet 1432 is used for discharging oxygen in the discharge buffer bin 141 to perform gas replacement on the discharge buffer bin 141.

Further, a third oxygen sensor is disposed in the discharge buffer bin 141 to detect the oxygen content in the discharge buffer bin 141.

In some embodiments, the first feed valve 121, the second feed valve 122, the first discharge valve 141, and the second discharge valve 142 are gate valves. Of course, the first feeding valve 121, the second feeding valve 122, the first discharging valve 141, and the second discharging valve 142 may be switch members such as electric valves or pneumatic valves.

In some embodiments, nitrogen is used for the gas displacement. Of course, instead of nitrogen, carbon dioxide or other gases that do not affect the pyrolysis reaction may be used for the gas displacement.

In some embodiments, the furnace body 100 is further provided with an observation port and an overhaul port, wherein the observation port is used for observing the operation condition in the furnace body 100, and the overhaul port is used for overhauling the inside of the furnace body 100.

The microwave pyrolysis furnaces of the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention are all in static sealing connection, have no dynamic sealing connection and have safe and reliable structure; and the array of the microwave generators 520 is arranged opposite to the opening of the reaction tank 200, and the controller adjusts the output power of the microwave generators 520 and the output power of the vibration source according to the signals transmitted by the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor, so as to adjust the pyrolysis temperature and the pyrolysis reaction time, and further control the pyrolysis temperature and the pyrolysis reaction time in a better range, thereby being beneficial to the pyrolysis reaction and improving the pyrolysis efficiency.

Other constructions and operations of the microwave pyrolysis oven according to embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention are known to those of ordinary skill in the art and will not be described in detail herein.

In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method of operating a microwave pyrolysis oven, comprising the following steps.

The reactor is purged with gas through the gas purge port 150 to control the oxygen content in the reactor to be within a first preset range and to maintain the positive pressure in the reactor to be within a second preset range.

In some embodiments, the oxygen content in the reactor is controlled to be within 2%, and the positive pressure in the reactor is maintained at 5-20 Pa.

The first feeding valve 121 is opened, the second feeding valve 122 is closed, the material enters the feeding surge bin 120 through the first feeding valve 121, the first feeding valve 121 is closed, and the feeding surge bin 120 is subjected to gas replacement through the first gas replacement pipe orifice 123, so that the oxygen content in the feeding surge bin 120 is controlled within a third preset range.

The specific steps of gas replacement for the feeding surge bin 120 through the first gas replacement nozzle 123 are as follows: and (3) introducing inert gas into the feeding surge bin 120, and stopping introducing the inert gas into the feeding surge bin 120 when the second oxygen sensor in the feeding surge bin 120 detects that the oxygen content is within a third preset range.

In some embodiments, the oxygen content within the feed surge bin 120 is controlled to within 2%.

Opening the second feed valve 122, allowing the material to enter the reactor from the feed inlet 110, starting the vibration source to vibrate and convey the material, and simultaneously starting the microwave generator 520 to heat the material in the reactor, so that the material in the reactor can undergo pyrolysis reaction; the controller adjusts the output power of the microwave generator 520 and the output power of the vibration source according to the signals transmitted from the first and second temperature sensors, thereby adjusting the pyrolysis temperature and the pyrolysis reaction time. The first temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of materials in the reactor, and the second temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of gas in the reactor.

It can be understood that the speed of conveying the materials in the reaction tank 200 can be controlled by controlling the output power of the vibration source, so that the time of pyrolysis reaction of the materials in the reaction tank 200 can be controlled; and the faster the reaction tank 200 delivers the material, the shorter the time for performing the pyrolysis reaction; the slower the rate at which the reaction tank 200 delivers materials, the longer the pyrolysis reaction is performed.

In some embodiments, the material is intermittently fed into the reactor, for example: and feeding the material once every 2-6 min. The vibration source is intermittently activated. For example: starting the vibration source after feeding, wherein the starting time of the vibration source is 5-30 s, and the other times are all in a closed state until the vibration source is started again during the next feeding.

After the pyrolysis reaction is completed, the materials are discharged from the discharge port 130. Specifically, the first discharging valve 141 and the second discharging valve 142 are closed during discharging, inert gas is introduced into the discharging buffer bin 141 through the second gas replacement pipe orifice 143, when the third oxygen sensor in the discharging buffer bin 141 detects that the oxygen content is in the fourth preset range, the inert gas is stopped from being introduced into the discharging buffer bin 141, the first discharging valve 141 is opened, materials in the reactor enter the discharging buffer bin 141, the first discharging valve 141 is closed, the second discharging valve 142 is opened, the materials are discharged, and the inert gas in the furnace body 100 and the gas generated by pyrolysis are discharged through the exhaust port 160.

During operation, steel balls or iron sand are put into the feed inlet 110 for cleaning when materials are bonded.

In one specific embodiment, the method of operating a microwave pyrolysis furnace includes the following steps.

(1) The reactor is a reaction tank 200, and the air tightness of the furnace body 100 is directly checked before operation, and the micro positive pressure in the furnace is maintained at 5 Pa to 20Pa.

(2) And (3) starting a nitrogen purging pipeline, and performing nitrogen substitution on the furnace body 100 for more than 3 times, so that the oxygen content in the furnace body 100 is controlled within 2%, a small amount of nitrogen purging and oxygen content detection in the furnace body 100 are maintained, and if the oxygen content in the operation process is increased, the nitrogen content is increased for purging.

(3) And opening the first gate valve, closing the second gate valve, enabling the material to enter the feeding surge bin 120, closing the first gate valve, introducing nitrogen into the feeding surge bin 120, and stopping introducing nitrogen into the feeding surge bin 120 when the oxygen content in the feeding surge bin 120 is controlled within 2 percent after replacement is completed. Wherein the feed is fed to the feed surge bin 120 every 6 minutes.

(4) The second gate valve is opened, the material enters the reaction tank 200, and the vibrator 320 is started to vibrate the reaction tank 200 to convey the material, so that the material moves along the direction close to the discharge port 130. Wherein; the vibrator 320 is intermittently started, specifically, the vibrator 320 is started after feeding, the vibrator 320 is closed after 10s is started, and the vibrator is started again after the next feeding.

(5) The microwave generator 520 is turned on to heat the material in the reaction tank 200 so that the material can undergo a pyrolysis reaction. The view mirror 170 of the furnace body 100 can be protected against tar condensation by electrical heating, nitrogen purge protection, etc.

(6) The controller adjusts the output power of the microwave generator 520 and the output power of the vibration source according to the signals transmitted by the infrared thermometer and the thermometer, thereby adjusting the pyrolysis temperature and the pyrolysis reaction time, and further maintaining reasonable pyrolysis temperature and pyrolysis reaction time. Wherein, infrared thermometer is used for measuring the temperature of the material in the reaction tank 200, and the thermometer is used for measuring the temperature of the gas in the reaction tank 200.

It can be understood that the speed of conveying the materials in the reaction tank 200 can be controlled by controlling the output power of the vibration source, so that the time of pyrolysis reaction of the materials in the reaction tank 200 can be controlled; and the faster the reaction tank 200 delivers the material, the shorter the time for performing the pyrolysis reaction; the slower the rate at which the reaction tank 200 delivers materials, the longer the pyrolysis reaction is performed.

(7) When the material is discharged, the first discharging valve 141 and the second discharging valve 142 are closed, nitrogen is introduced into the discharging buffer bin 141, when the oxygen content in the discharging buffer bin 141 is controlled within 2%, the replacement is completed, the introduction of nitrogen into the discharging buffer bin 141 is stopped, the first discharging valve 141 is opened, the pyrolyzed material in the reaction tank 200 enters the discharging buffer bin 141, the first discharging valve 141 is closed, the second discharging valve 142 is opened, the material is discharged, and the nitrogen in the furnace body 100 and the gas generated by pyrolysis are discharged into an exhaust pipeline through an exhaust port 160 and are discharged through the exhaust pipeline. The exhaust pipeline is provided with a heating device and a fourth oxygen sensor.

According to the temperature of the materials and the gas in the reaction tank 200, a reference can be provided for the power of a heating device in the exhaust pipeline, wherein the heating device is electric tracing, and the target temperature of the electric tracing is generally set to be 400-450 ℃, so that tar is prevented from condensing in the exhaust pipeline.

(8) During operation, when materials are bonded, steel balls or iron sand can be put into the feed inlet 110 for cleaning. The method can also be used for cleaning the microwave pyrolysis furnace periodically.

(9) In the operation process, when the oxygen content measured by the third oxygen sensor exceeds the fourth preset range or the oxygen content measured by the fourth oxygen sensor exceeds the fifth preset range (the fourth preset range and the fifth preset range are both less than 2%), that is, when the oxygen content measured by the third oxygen sensor or the fourth oxygen sensor is greater than or equal to 2%, the safety operation is triggered, the feeding is stopped, the first feeding valve 121, the second feeding valve 122, the first discharging valve 141 and the second discharging valve 142 are closed, and meanwhile, the inert gas is purged and replaced through the gas purging port 150, and generally, the inert gas adopts nitrogen or carbon dioxide.

Other constructions and operations of the method of operating a microwave pyrolysis furnace according to the second aspect of this embodiment of the invention are known to those of ordinary skill in the art and will not be described in detail herein.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A microwave pyrolysis oven, comprising:

the furnace body is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, a reactor is arranged in the furnace body, one end of the reactor is communicated with the feed inlet, the other end of the reactor is communicated with the discharge outlet, the reactor is obliquely arranged, and one end of the reactor, which is close to the feed inlet, is higher than one end of the reactor, which is close to the discharge outlet;

the vibration source is connected with the reactor so that the reactor can vibrate and convey materials;

and the microwave generator is used for heating the materials in the reactor by microwaves and enabling the materials in the reactor to carry out pyrolysis reaction.

2. The microwave pyrolysis oven of claim 1, wherein: the vibration source set up in outside the furnace body, the vibration source include the bobbing machine with wrap up the first shell of bobbing machine, first shell is provided with first interface, the furnace body is provided with the second interface, first interface with the second interface flexonics is in order to form first passageway, the one end of bobbing machine passes first passageway in order to be connected with the reactor.

3. The microwave pyrolysis oven of claim 1, wherein: the reactor is characterized by further comprising an elastic suspension device arranged outside the furnace body, the elastic suspension device comprises an elastic part and a second shell wrapping the elastic part, the second shell is provided with a third interface, the furnace body is provided with a fourth interface, the third interface is in flexible connection with the fourth interface to form a second channel, one end of the elastic part is fixed, and the other end of the elastic part penetrates through the second channel to be connected with the reactor so as to enable the reactor to be in a suspension state.

4. The microwave pyrolysis oven of claim 1, wherein: the reactor is a reaction tank, the microwave generator is opposite to the opening side of the reaction tank and is arranged outside the furnace body, a sight glass opening is arranged at the position of the furnace body corresponding to the microwave generator, and the microwave generator transmits microwave signals into the reaction tank through the sight glass opening, so that the microwave generator can heat materials in the reactor.

5. The microwave pyrolysis oven of claim 4, wherein: the microwave oven further comprises a case, wherein the case is in sealing connection with the oven body, a plurality of microwave generators are arranged, and the microwave generators form a microwave generator array and are arranged in the case.

6. The microwave pyrolysis oven of claim 1, wherein: the furnace body is internally provided with a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor, the first temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of materials in the reactor, and the second temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of gas in the reactor.

7. The microwave pyrolysis oven of claim 6, wherein: the microwave oven further comprises a controller, wherein the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the microwave generator and the vibration source are all electrically connected with the controller.

8. The microwave pyrolysis oven of claim 1, wherein: the furnace body is also provided with a gas purging port and an exhaust port which are communicated with the reactor, and a first oxygen sensor is also arranged in the furnace body so as to detect the oxygen content in the reactor.

9. The microwave pyrolysis oven of claim 1, wherein: the feeding port is communicated with a feeding buffer bin, the feeding buffer bin is located outside the furnace body, a first feeding valve is arranged at one end, away from the feeding port, of the feeding buffer bin so as to open and close the feeding buffer bin, a second feeding valve is arranged at one end, close to the feeding port, of the feeding buffer bin so as to open and close a passage between the feeding buffer bin and the feeding port, a first gas replacement pipe orifice is communicated with the feeding buffer bin, the first gas replacement pipe orifice is located between the first feeding valve and the second feeding valve, and a second oxygen sensor is arranged in the feeding buffer bin so as to detect oxygen content in the feeding buffer bin.

10. The operation method of the microwave pyrolysis oven is characterized by comprising the following steps:

carrying out gas replacement on the reactor through a gas purging port so as to control the oxygen content in the reactor within a first preset range and maintain the positive pressure in the reactor within a second preset range;

opening a first feeding valve, closing a second feeding valve, enabling materials to enter a feeding buffer bin through the first feeding valve, closing the first feeding valve, and performing gas replacement on the feeding buffer bin through a first gas replacement pipe orifice so as to control the oxygen content in the feeding buffer bin within a third preset range;

opening a second feeding valve, enabling materials to enter the reactor, starting a vibration source to vibrate and convey the materials, and simultaneously starting a microwave generator to heat the materials in the reactor, so that the materials in the reactor can undergo pyrolysis reaction; the controller adjusts the output power of the microwave generator and the output power of the vibration source according to the signals transmitted by the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor, so as to adjust the pyrolysis temperature and the pyrolysis reaction time; the first temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of materials in the reactor, and the second temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of gas in the reactor; and discharging the materials from the discharge hole after the pyrolysis reaction is finished.