CN117285318A - Preparation method of light plastering gypsum - Google Patents
Preparation method of light plastering gypsum Download PDFInfo
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- CN117285318A CN117285318A CN202310995447.6A CN202310995447A CN117285318A CN 117285318 A CN117285318 A CN 117285318A CN 202310995447 A CN202310995447 A CN 202310995447A CN 117285318 A CN117285318 A CN 117285318A
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- gypsum
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- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 214
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 214
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 171
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 106
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000013008 thixotropic agent Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical group O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- -1 fatty alcohol sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical group [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229930182490 saponin Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000342 sodium bisulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940048086 sodium pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001579 aluminosilicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical group OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bisulfate Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])(=O)=O WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000017709 saponins Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 16
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 14
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000001397 quillaja saponaria molina bark Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 7
- ZEMWIYASLJTEHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-J aluminum;sodium;disulfate;dodecahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZEMWIYASLJTEHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 5
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000004683 dihydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011325 microbead Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011426 gypsum mortar Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 240000008564 Boehmeria nivea Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004382 Amylase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000013142 Amylases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010065511 Amylases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019418 amylase Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/16—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing anhydrite, e.g. Keene's cement
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/142—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/144—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements the synthetic calcium sulfate being a flue gas desulfurization product
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/10—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the viscosity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of light plastering gypsum. The mechanical strength of the prepared lightweight plastering gypsum can reach, for example, the excellent performance that the tensile bonding strength is 0.7-1.0MPa in a standard state and the tensile bonding strength is 0.3-0.6MPa in a wet state by carrying out operations such as stirring and mixing on the building gypsum, the II anhydrous anhydrite, the self-made lightweight gypsum sand and the auxiliary agent, and compared with the existing lightweight plastering gypsum, the tensile bonding strength is more than or equal to 0.4MPa in the standard state.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building materials, in particular to a preparation method of light plastering gypsum.
Background
The light plastering gypsum is an environment-friendly plastering material on the market at present, and changes the plastering mode of taking cement base as cementing material. The gypsum plastering can not only avoid the problems of large shrinkage, poor adhesive force, expansion cracking, hollowing and the like caused by the traditional cement plastering, but also has wide gypsum source and shorter construction period, so that the construction cost and the labor cost of engineering materials are reduced, and the construction progress is accelerated. In addition, the volume density of the light plastering gypsum is smaller, the load of the matrix can be reduced, and the lower heat conductivity coefficient can also reduce the energy consumption of the building. Under the form of energy conservation and emission reduction of the national strong promotion, the light plastering gypsum can become a development trend to replace the traditional cement plastering, and the preparation and the performance of the light plastering gypsum are researched, so that the light plastering gypsum has theoretical significance and use value on plastering materials.
CN113024210a discloses a light plastering gypsum, which mainly comprises semi-hydrated gypsum, cellulose ether, thixotropic agent, organic bentonite, retarder and vitrified microbeads, and is produced by the following steps: (1) The semi-hydrated gypsum, the cellulose ether 100, the thixotropic agent 4510, the organic bentonite 1201 and the retarder 5001 which are mixed and stirred uniformly; (2) And (3) adding the glass beads with the proportion into the mixed powder in the step (1), waiting for reaction for 30 minutes, and enabling the final setting time to be 90-120 minutes. The lightweight plastering gypsum not only meets the related standard requirements, but also has the advantages of corrosion resistance, mildew resistance and moisture resistance. But it still cannot meet the requirements of high coating rate, light weight, high strength and the like of the light plastering gypsum.
CN 115108796B discloses a light plastering gypsum and a preparation method thereof, the product comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 700-760 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 135-170 parts of stone powder, 85-95 parts of vitrified microbeads, 1.5-3.5 parts of ramie fibers, 0.8-1.5 parts of straw fibers, 0.3-0.7 part of starch ether, 0.8-1.5 parts of thixotropic agent, 1-5 parts of retarder and 1.0-2.5 parts of cellulose ether. The preparation method comprises the following steps: step 1): uniformly mixing retarder, ramie fibers, straw fibers and cellulose ether to obtain a first mixture; step 2): mixing the desulfurized gypsum, the vitrified micro bubbles and the stone powder uniformly to obtain a second mixture; step 3): mixing amylase, thixotropic agent and retarder uniformly to obtain a third mixture; step 4): and mixing the first mixture, the second mixture and the third mixture until the mixture is uniform, thus obtaining a finished product. But it still cannot meet the requirements of light weight, high strength and the like of the light plastering gypsum.
CN115159939a discloses a preparation method of light plastering gypsum mortar, which solves the problem in the prior art that the impurity content of the light plastering gypsum mortar is high and the bonding strength is to be improved. The preparation method comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-65 parts of gypsum, 10-15 parts of heavy calcium powder, 10-15 parts of sand powder, 15-20 parts of lightweight aggregate, 10-30 parts of cellulose ether and 0.3-0.5 part of sodium silicate. The water retention rate of the finished mortar product is improved by adding the heavy calcium powder, the setting time and apparent density of the mortar are reduced, the workability, the fluidity and the self-resistance strength of the mortar are improved by adding the lightweight aggregate, the material shrinkage rate is reduced, the raw material cost is reduced, the mortar has good construction performance by adding the cellulose ether, and the comprehensive performances of tensile strength, fracture strength, compression strength and the like of the gypsum mortar are improved by adding the carbon fiber. But it still cannot meet the requirements of light weight, high strength and the like of the light plastering gypsum.
Aiming at the defects that the existing light plastering gypsum has high coating rate but low strength, and only a large amount of expensive vitrified microbeads can be used for improving the coating rate, and the performances of no water resistance, no mildew resistance, high density and the like, the preparation method of the light plastering gypsum with low density, high strength, water resistance, mildew resistance and crack resistance is developed, and the preparation method is a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of light plastering gypsum. The mechanical strength of the prepared lightweight plastering gypsum can reach, for example, the excellent performance that the tensile bonding strength is 0.7-1.0MPa in a standard state and the tensile bonding strength is 0.3-0.6MPa in a wet state by carrying out operations such as stirring and mixing on the building gypsum, the II anhydrous anhydrite, the self-made lightweight gypsum sand and the auxiliary agent, and compared with the existing lightweight plastering gypsum, the tensile bonding strength is more than or equal to 0.4MPa in the standard state.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a preparation method of light plastering gypsum, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
building gypsum: 30-50 parts;
type II anhydrite: 10-30 parts;
42.5 ash cement: 1-5 parts;
light gypsum sand: 30-50 parts;
thixotropic agent: 0.1 to 1 part;
starch ether: 0.01-0.06 parts;
cellulose ether: 0.2-0.5 part;
and (3) an air entraining agent: 0.005-0.01 part;
and (3) a water-retaining agent: 0.005-0.02 parts;
exciting agent: 1-8 parts; and
retarder: 0.1 to 0.5 part.
Further, the building gypsum is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: the semi-aqueous phase is more than or equal to 80 percent, the secondary aqueous phase is less than or equal to 4 percent, and the anhydrous phase is less than or equal to 5 percent. The flexural strength of the building gypsum for 2 hours is more than or equal to 3.0MPa, the compressive strength for 2 hours is more than or equal to 6.0MPa, and the chloride ion content is less than or equal to 600mg/Kg.
Further, the type II anhydrite is the anhydrite which satisfies the mass percent of the type II anhydrite not less than 96%, the softening coefficient is between 0.6 and 0.7, and the Ph value is between 12 and 13.
Further, the 42.5 gray cement comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 60% -65% of CaO and SiO as chemical components of cement 2 18％-19％、Al 2 O 3 4％-5％、Fe 2 O 3 2% -3%, mgO 2% -3% and SO 3 3% -4% based on the total weight of the 42.5 gray cement. The firing vector of the 42.5 gray cement is less than or equal to 3 percent, naOequi (representing alkaline oxide) is less than or equal to 1 percent, 3d compressive strength is more than or equal to 3.5MP, and 3d compressive strength is more than or equal to 17MPa,28d flexural strength is more than or equal to 6.5MPa,28d compressive strength is more than or equal to 42.5MPa.
Further, the particle size of the light gypsum sand is 40-140 meshes, wherein CaSO 4 The content is more than or equal to 90 percent.
Further, the thixotropic agent is a bentonite thixotropic agent.
Further, the water content of the starch ether is 5%, the Ph value is between 6.0 and 8.0, and the viscosity is 400-1200mpas.
Further, the cellulose ether is hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) having a viscosity of 40000-150000mpas.
Further, the air entraining agent is one or a combination of more of rosin resin, alkyl and alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon sulfonic acid, fatty alcohol sulfonate, saponin, protein salt and petroleum sulfonic acid.
Further, the water-retaining thickener is polyacrylamide, and is used for improving the water-retaining property, cohesiveness and construction workability of the cement mortar.
Further, the activator is potassium sulfate, KAl (SO 4 ) 2 One or more of calcined alum and sodium bisulfate.
Further, the retarder is a protein gypsum retarder.
Further, the preparation method of the light plastering gypsum comprises the following steps:
step 1: adding building gypsum, II anhydrous anhydrite and light gypsum sand into a stirring kettle, and stirring and mixing for 3-5 min in the stirring kettle to obtain a mixture of rubber and aggregate;
step 2: pre-dispersing an exciting agent, cellulose ether, a thixotropic agent, a retarder, starch ether, polyacrylamide, an air entraining agent and heavy calcium to obtain an auxiliary agent mixture;
step 3: and (3) putting the auxiliary agent mixture into the stirring kettle, and carrying out dry mixing and stirring on the auxiliary agent mixture and the mixture of the rubber material and the aggregate for 3-5 min to obtain the light plastering gypsum.
Further, in the step 2, the adding amount of the heavy calcium is 2kg.
The early strength of the light plastering gypsum is provided by building gypsum during construction, the later strength is provided by II-type anhydrous anhydrite, and the reaction mechanism is as follows:
Reaction 1: caSO (Caso-like conductor) 4 .0.5H 2 O+1.5H 2 O→CaSO 4 .2H 2 O+Q(19.2J/gSO 3 )
Reaction 2: mCaSO 4 Type II anhydrite) +salt (activator) +2H 2 O.fwdarw.salt. MCaSO 4 .nH 2 O (double salt)
Salt. MCaSO 4 .nH 2 O+2mH 2 O→m(CaSO 4 .2H 2 O) + salts n H 2 O
Reaction 1 is that building gypsum (beta semi-hydrated gypsum) reacts with water to produce dihydrate gypsum, reaction 2 is that II type anhydrous gypsum reacts with excitant to produce unstable mCaSO4.nH 2 O (double salt) and then decomposed into gypsum dihydrate, and repeatedly passed through the intermediate hydrate (mCaSO4. NH 2 O) is converted into dihydrate gypsum, thereby accelerating the dissolution of the type II anhydrite.
In the invention, the light gypsum sand is used as aggregate to play roles of framework and filling in the light plastering gypsum.
In the invention, the cellulose ether is used as a water-retaining thickener and mainly has the effects of retaining water and thickening.
In the invention, the thixotropic agent is bentonite, and the action mechanism in plastering gypsum is as follows: bentonite is a montmorillonite-based expansive clay material, which absorbs a great amount of water during the expansion process, can absorb 10 times of water per se, can expand to 20-30 times of the volume per se, and reduces free water in cement mortar, thereby causing the mortar to be reduced in fluidity and rapidly lose fluidity. The main component in bentonite is montmorillonite, the content of which is about 65% and the inside of which is in a columnar structure, the stability of cement mortar in light plastering gypsum is improved after the bentonite is hydrolyzed, and the unique sliding effect of the bentonite improves the sliding performance and pumpability of the mortar to a certain extent.
In the invention, the action mechanism of the air entraining agent in the light plastering gypsum is as follows: the air entraining agent produces foam in the water, forming a gas-liquid dispersion, and the air entraining agent adsorbs on the gas-liquid interface and reduces its surface tension. After the air entraining agent is added, the surface tension of the solution is obviously reduced, so that bubbles are fine and uniform, and the shape is regular and spherical. The fine aggregate particles in the cement mortar support bubbles like a four-dimensional network, so that the bubbles are stabilized, the hardened mortar strength is not obviously influenced when the dosage is proper, and the construction property and the durability of the cement mortar can be greatly improved.
In the invention, the action mechanism of polyacrylamide on the hydration of building gypsum is as follows: on the one hand and Ca in building gypsum 2+ The interaction generates a compound which is filled in the gaps among calcium sulfate dihydrate crystals of the building gypsum hydration product; on the other hand, polyacrylamide molecules wrap the desulfurized building gypsum particles so as to prevent hydration reaction with water, thereby improving the water retention, cohesiveness and construction workability of the product.
In the invention, the protein retarder has the action mechanism of mainly inhibiting the rate of generating crystal germs and reducing the solubility of the semi-hydrated gypsum, thereby slowing down the crystallization process of the semi-hydrated gypsum to generate the dihydrate gypsum and delaying the setting time of the gypsum.
Further, the preparation method of the light gypsum sand comprises the following steps:
the weight percentage of the light gypsum sand is as follows based on the total weight of the raw materials: 5-10 parts of matrix particles, 65-80 parts of main material 1, 10-15 parts of main material 2, 2-5 parts of auxiliary material, 3-5 parts of balling material and the balance of dispersing agent;
parent grain: perlite filter aid with particle size less than or equal to 0.102 mm;
main material 1: any one or more than two of natural gypsum, desulfurized gypsum, phosphogypsum, fluorgypsum, titanium gypsum or other industrial byproduct gypsum;
and (2) a main material: any one or a mixture of more than two of aluminate compounds, aluminosilicate minerals, kaolin minerals, dolomite, soluble oxides and aluminum oxide;
auxiliary material: any one or the mixture of two of active calcium and slaked lime;
ball forming material: any one or more than two of clay, lignocellulose or bentonite, and the particle size is less than or equal to 0.048mm;
dispersing agent: any one or the mixture of two of sodium pyrophosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate and polycarboxylate;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Grinding: grinding the main material 1, the main material 2, the auxiliary material and the balling material to 0.037+/-0.005 mm respectively;
(2) Slurry reaction: adding proper amount of water into the main material 1, the main material 2, the auxiliary material and the balling material, fully stirring at the rotating speed of 50-300r/min for 5-10min, fully dispersing various materials into the water to form slurry, and fully contacting and uniformly mixing the materials;
(3) Dehydrating: the slurry liquid after slurry reaction is subjected to centrifugation, adsorption, extrusion dehydration and then is dried at 150-250 ℃ to control the water content of the slurry liquid to be below 3% by mass percent, so that a block material is obtained;
(4) Powdering: grinding the block materials, and grinding the block materials into powder with the diameter of 0.037+/-0.005 mm through a high-speed pulverizer at the rotating speed of 3000-6000 r/min;
(5) The parent sphere is formed: pouring the parent particles into a circular pan granulator, spraying water to form particles A through a water spray assembly of the granulator, adding 1/3-1/2 of the total weight of the powder into the particles A, and continuously rotating in the ball mill rapidly to form a parent ball;
(6) Sphere formation: under the condition that the spraying mist is continuously carried out on the mother balls in the granulator, adding the rest powder while spraying, and under the condition that the ball mill rotates rapidly, the mother balls gradually become larger to form first spheres, so that water spraying is not needed, and then adding the dispersing agent to form second sphere particles;
(7) Sieving: removing the coarse particle size of the second spherical particles obtained in the step (6), and leaving 40-140 meshes of particles for later use;
(8) Shaping the sphere: performing sphere shaping operation on the particles with 40-140 meshes obtained in the step (7) again to form more round spheres, wherein the sphericity of the round spheres after shaping operation is more than 98%;
(9) Curing: the round spheres obtained in the step (8) are sent to a curing bin for curing, and two stages of water spray curing and dry curing are adopted for curing;
(10) Sieving the spherical particles obtained in the step (9) to obtain light gypsum sand, wherein the specification of the light gypsum sand is 0.106mm-0.425mm, and the internal bulk density is 600kg/m 3 -700kg/m 3 Other indexes meet the requirements of GB/T14684-2022 for construction sand.
Further, in the step (6), the particle size of the first spheres is 20-140 meshes.
Further, particles with the particle size of more than or equal to 0.425mm are removed in the step (6).
Further, curing in the step (9), wherein the duration of water spray curing is 4-7 days, each time of water spray lasts for 4 hours, once a day, and the temperature of a curing bin is 15-25 ℃; transferring to the next curing warehouse for dry curing, and maintaining the dry curing at room temperature for 11-14 days. The principle of the curing stage is as follows: the gypsum in the raw materials and the gypsum reactant (main material 2) are subjected to ceramic reaction to form ceramic sphere particles, so that the product has higher strength and water resistance, for example, the barrel pressure strength is 4-6MPa, the mass loss rate of the ceramic sphere particles is less than 5 percent (high strength), the requirement of GB/T14684-2022 class I standard of construction sand is met, the water absorption rate is 6-7 percent, the softening coefficient is 0.76, and the ceramic sphere particles have higher water resistance and have high strength and water resistance on the plastering gypsum formed later.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The coating rate of the plastering gypsum in the prior art is mainly provided by using vitrified microbeads, lightweight aggregate and the like, and accords with the rule that the higher the coating rate is, the lower the fracture-resistant compressive strength is, because a large number of pores are generated in the hardened slurry of the lightweight plastering gypsum, so that the strength of the hardened slurry is reduced along with the increase of the coating rate. Whereas the coating rate in the present invention is provided by lightweight gypsum sand, whereinCaSO due to gypsum sand 4 The content is more than or equal to 90 percent, so the doping amount of the building gypsum can be reduced by doping the light gypsum sand, and the density of the gypsum sand is 600kg/m 3 About, this results in a volume density of 600Kg/m for the lightweight plastered gypsum of the invention 3 -750Kg/m 3 The density is extremely light.
(2) According to the invention, the II anhydrous anhydrite is doped and the exciting agent is added, so that the later high strength of the light plastering gypsum is ensured, and on the other hand, the water-resistant and mildew-proof properties of the product can be improved by doping the II anhydrous anhydrite and gypsum sand.
(3) The light plastering gypsum uses gypsum sand which has the characteristics of no burning, high strength, water resistance, energy conservation, environmental protection and energy consumption reduction; the gypsum sand is prepared from one or any two of desulfurized gypsum, natural gypsum, fluorgypsum, phosphogypsum, titanium gypsum or other industrial byproduct gypsum.
(4) The invention adopts independently developed gypsum sand, and the light plastering gypsum prepared by matching the use of building gypsum and II anhydrous anhydrite has excellent performances from the aspects of mechanical strength, volume density, mildew-proof grade, coating rate, crack resistance and the like. Wherein the coating rate is between 130 and 140, and the volume density is 600Kg/m 3 -750Kg/m 3 The tensile bond strength in the standard state is 0.7-1.0MPa, and the tensile bond strength in the wet state is 0.3-0.6MPa.
(5) The invention utilizes industrial waste to produce light plastering gypsum, realizes changing waste into valuables, and uses gypsum sand to replace building sand, thereby solving the problem of sand resource shortage, reducing the cost by about half compared with the building sand, and having higher economic benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the process for preparing the lightweight plastering gypsum of the invention.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. While the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
A preparation method of light plastering gypsum comprises the following steps:
step 1: adding building gypsum, II anhydrous anhydrite and light gypsum sand into a stirring kettle, and stirring and mixing for 3-5 min in the stirring kettle to obtain a mixture of rubber and aggregate;
step 2: pre-dispersing an exciting agent, cellulose ether, a thixotropic agent, a retarder, starch ether, polyacrylamide, an air entraining agent and 2kg of heavy calcium to obtain an auxiliary agent mixture;
step 3: and (3) putting the auxiliary agent mixture into a stirring kettle, and carrying out dry mixing and stirring on the auxiliary agent mixture, the rubber material and the aggregate mixture for 3-5 min to obtain the light plastering gypsum.
Wherein, the weight parts of each material are as follows:
40 parts of building gypsum, 28 parts of II-type anhydrous anhydrite, 2 parts of cement, 30 parts of light gypsum sand, 0.2 part of thixotropic agent, 0.01 part of starch ether, 0.3 part of cellulose ether, 0.01 part of air entraining agent, 4 parts of exciting agent, 0.005 part of polyacrylamide and 0.2 part of retarder;
wherein the thixotropic agent is bentonite; the air entraining agent is one or more of rosin resin, alkyl and alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon sulfonic acid, fatty alcohol sulfonate, saponin, protein salt and petroleum sulfonic acid; the activator is potassium sulfate, KAl (SO) 4 ) 2 One or more of calcined alum, sodium bisulfate; the retarder is protein gypsum retarder. The specific properties of the lightweight plaster are shown in Table 2.
In the lightweight plastering gypsum of example 1, the lightweight gypsum sand used was prepared as follows:
the weight percentage of the light gypsum sand is as follows based on the total weight of the raw materials:
parent grain: 5 parts of perlite filter aid with the particle size less than or equal to 0.102 mm;
main material 1: 32 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 30 parts of natural gypsum and 5 parts of fluorgypsum;
and (2) a main material: 5 parts of aluminate compound and 5 parts of kaolin mineral;
auxiliary material: 3 parts of slaked lime and 2 parts of active calcium;
ball forming material: 1 part of clay, 2 parts of bentonite and 1 part of lignocellulose;
dispersing agent: 3 parts of sodium pyrophosphate, 3 parts of polycarboxylate and 3 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Grinding: grinding the main material 1, the main material 2, the auxiliary material and the balling material to 0.037+/-0.005 mm respectively;
(2) Slurry reaction: adding proper amount of water into the main material 1, the main material 2, the auxiliary material and the balling material, fully stirring at the rotating speed of 300r/min for 7min, fully dispersing various materials into the water to form slurry, and fully contacting and uniformly mixing the materials;
(3) Dehydrating: the slurry liquid after slurry reaction is subjected to centrifugation, adsorption, extrusion dehydration and then is dried at 200 ℃ to control the water content of the slurry liquid to be below 3% by mass percent, so that a block material is obtained;
(4) Powdering: grinding the block materials, and grinding the block materials into powder with the size of 0.036mm through a high-speed pulverizer at the rotating speed of 3000 r/min;
(5) The parent sphere is formed: pouring the parent particles into a circular pan granulator, spraying water to form particles A through a water spray assembly of the granulator, adding 1/3 of the total weight of powder into the particles A, and continuously rotating in a ball mill rapidly to form parent balls;
(6) Sphere formation: under the condition that the spraying of water mist is continuously carried out on the mother balls in the granulator, the rest powder is added while spraying, under the condition that the ball mill rotates rapidly, the mother balls gradually become larger to form first spheres, no water spraying is needed until the mother balls are required, and then dispersing agents are added to form second sphere particles;
(7) Sieving: removing the coarse particle size of the second spherical particles obtained in the step (6), and leaving 40-140 meshes of particles for later use;
(8) Shaping the sphere: performing sphere shaping operation again on the particles with 40-140 meshes obtained in the step (7) to form more round spheres, wherein the sphericity of the round spheres after shaping operation is more than 98%;
(9) Curing: the round spheres obtained in the step (8) are sent to a curing bin for curing, and two stages of water spray curing and dry curing are adopted for curing;
(10) Sieving the spherical particles obtained in the step (9) to obtain a light gypsum sand sample 1, wherein the specification of the light gypsum sand is 0.106mm-0.425mm, and the internal bulk density is 600kg/m 3 -700kg/m 3 Other indexes meet the requirements of GB/T14684-2022 for construction sand.
The curing in the step (9) is that the water spray curing lasts for 4-7 days, each time spraying water lasts for 4 hours, each time spraying water once a day, and the temperature of a curing warehouse is 15-25 ℃; transferring to the next curing warehouse for dry curing, and maintaining the dry curing at room temperature for 11-14 days. The principle of the curing stage is as follows: the gypsum in the raw materials and the gypsum reactant (main material 2) are subjected to ceramic reaction to form ceramic sphere particles, so that the product has higher strength and water resistance, and the specific properties are shown in table 1.
Example 2
A preparation method of light plastering gypsum comprises the following steps:
step 1: adding building gypsum, II anhydrous anhydrite and light gypsum sand into a stirring kettle, and stirring and mixing for 3-5 min in the stirring kettle to obtain a mixture of rubber and aggregate;
step 2: pre-dispersing an exciting agent, cellulose ether, a thixotropic agent, a retarder, starch ether, polyacrylamide, an air entraining agent and 2kg of heavy calcium to obtain an auxiliary agent mixture;
step 3: and (3) putting the auxiliary agent mixture into a stirring kettle, and carrying out dry mixing and stirring on the auxiliary agent mixture, the rubber material and the aggregate mixture for 3-5 min to obtain the light plastering gypsum.
Wherein, the weight parts of each material are as follows:
50 parts of building gypsum, 20 parts of II-type anhydrous anhydrite, 3 parts of cement, 27 parts of light gypsum sand, 0.1 part of thixotropic agent, 0.02 part of starch ether, 0.25 part of cellulose ether, 0.006 part of air entraining agent, 2 parts of exciting agent, 0.007 part of polyacrylamide and 0.3 part of retarder;
wherein the thixotropic agent is bentonite; the air entraining agent is one or more of rosin resin, alkyl and alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon sulfonic acid, fatty alcohol sulfonate, saponin, protein salt and petroleum sulfonic acid; the activator is potassium sulfate, KAl (SO) 4 ) 2 One or more of calcined alum, sodium bisulfate; the retarder is protein gypsum retarder. The specific properties of the lightweight plaster are shown in Table 2.
In the lightweight plastering gypsum of example 2, the lightweight gypsum sand used was prepared as follows:
the weight percentage of the light gypsum sand is as follows based on the total weight of the raw materials:
parent grain: perlite filter aid with particle size less than or equal to 0.102mm, 7 parts;
main material 1: 34 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 21 parts of natural gypsum, 2 parts of titanium gypsum and 3 parts of phosphogypsum;
and (2) a main material: 5 parts of soluble oxide, 10 parts of aluminum oxide and 1 part of dolomite;
auxiliary material: 3 parts of slaked lime;
Ball forming material: 1 part of clay, 1 part of bentonite and 2 parts of lignocellulose;
dispersing agent: 2 parts of sodium pyrophosphate, 3 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate and 5 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Grinding: grinding the main material 1, the main material 2, the auxiliary material and the balling material to 0.037mm respectively;
(2) Slurry reaction: adding proper amount of water into the main material 1, the main material 2, the auxiliary material and the balling material, fully stirring at the rotating speed of 150r/min for 5min, fully dispersing various materials into the water to form slurry, and fully contacting and uniformly mixing the materials;
(3) Dehydrating: the slurry liquid after slurry reaction is subjected to centrifugation, adsorption, extrusion dehydration and then is dried at 150 ℃ to control the water content of the slurry liquid to be below 3% by mass percent, so that a block material is obtained;
(4) Powdering: grinding the block materials, and grinding the block materials into powder with the size of 0.037mm through a high-speed pulverizer at the rotating speed of 4000 r/min;
(5) The parent sphere is formed: pouring the parent particles into a circular pan granulator, spraying water to form particles A through a water spray assembly of the granulator, adding 1/2 of the total weight of powder into the particles A, and continuously rotating in a ball mill rapidly to form parent balls;
(6) Sphere formation: under the condition that the spraying of water mist is continuously carried out on the mother balls in the granulator, the rest powder is added while spraying, under the condition that the ball mill rotates rapidly, the mother balls gradually become larger to form first spheres, no water spraying is needed until the mother balls are required, and then dispersing agents are added to form second sphere particles;
(7) Sieving: removing the coarse particle size of the second spherical particles obtained in the step (6), and leaving 40-140 meshes of particles for later use;
(8) Shaping the sphere: performing sphere shaping operation again on the particles with 40-140 meshes obtained in the step (7) to form more round spheres, wherein the sphericity of the round spheres after shaping operation is more than 98%;
(9) Curing: the round spheres obtained in the step (8) are sent to a curing bin for curing, and two stages of water spray curing and dry curing are adopted for curing;
(10) Sieving the spherical particles obtained in the step (9) to obtain a light gypsum sand sample 2, wherein the specification of the light gypsum sand is 0.106mm-0.425mm, and the internal bulk density is 600kg/m 3 -700kg/m 3 Other indexes meet the requirements of GB/T14684-2022 for construction sand.
The curing in the step (9) is that the water spray curing lasts for 7 days, each time spraying water lasts for 4 hours, each time spraying water once a day, and the temperature of a curing warehouse is 25 ℃; and transferring to the next curing warehouse for dry curing, and maintaining the dry curing at room temperature for 12 days. The principle of the curing stage is as follows: the gypsum in the raw materials and the gypsum reactant (main material 2) are subjected to ceramic reaction to form ceramic sphere particles, so that the product has higher strength and water resistance, and the specific properties are shown in table 1.
Example 3
A preparation method of light plastering gypsum comprises the following steps:
step 1: adding building gypsum, II anhydrous anhydrite and light gypsum sand into a stirring kettle, and stirring and mixing for 3-5 min in the stirring kettle to obtain a mixture of rubber and aggregate;
step 2: pre-dispersing an exciting agent, cellulose ether, a thixotropic agent, a retarder, starch ether, polyacrylamide, an air entraining agent and 2kg of heavy calcium to obtain an auxiliary agent mixture;
step 3: and (3) putting the auxiliary agent mixture into a stirring kettle, and carrying out dry mixing and stirring on the auxiliary agent mixture, the rubber material and the aggregate mixture for 3-5 min to obtain the light plastering gypsum.
Wherein, the weight parts of each material are as follows:
30 parts of building gypsum, 30 parts of II-type anhydrous anhydrite, 5 parts of cement, 35 parts of light gypsum sand, 0.3 part of thixotropic agent, 0.03 part of starch ether, 0.35 part of cellulose ether, 0.005 part of air entraining agent, 6 parts of exciting agent, 0.01 part of polyacrylamide and 0.4 part of retarder;
wherein the thixotropic agent is bentonite; the air entraining agent is one or more of rosin resin, alkyl and alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon sulfonic acid, fatty alcohol sulfonate, saponin, protein salt and petroleum sulfonic acid; the activator is potassium sulfate, KAl (SO) 4 ) 2 One or more of calcined alum, sodium bisulfate; the retarder is protein gypsum retarder. The specific properties of the lightweight plaster are shown in Table 2.
In the lightweight plastering gypsum of example 3, the lightweight gypsum sand used was prepared as follows:
the weight percentage of the light gypsum sand is as follows based on the total weight of the raw materials:
parent grain: 6 parts of perlite filter aid with the particle size less than or equal to 0.102 mm;
main material 1: 34 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 24 parts of natural gypsum, 10 parts of fluorgypsum and 5 parts of phosphogypsum;
and (2) a main material: 5 parts of aluminosilicate mineral, 3 parts of kaolin mineral, 2 parts of aluminum oxide and 1 part of dolomite;
auxiliary material: 2 parts of slaked lime;
ball forming material: 1 part of clay, 2 parts of bentonite and 2 parts of lignocellulose;
dispersing agent: 2 parts of sodium pyrophosphate and 1 part of sodium hexametaphosphate;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Grinding: grinding the main material 1, the main material 2, the auxiliary material and the balling material to 0.040mm respectively;
(2) Slurry reaction: adding proper amount of water into the main material 1, the main material 2, the auxiliary material and the balling material, fully stirring at the rotating speed of 300r/min for 8min, fully dispersing various materials into the water to form slurry, and fully contacting and uniformly mixing the materials;
(3) Dehydrating: the slurry liquid after slurry reaction is subjected to centrifugation, adsorption, extrusion dehydration and then is dried at 200 ℃ to control the water content of the slurry liquid to be below 3% by mass percent, so that a block material is obtained;
(4) Powdering: grinding the block materials, and grinding the block materials into powder with the rotation speed of 3000r/min through a high-speed pulverizer to obtain powder with the size of 0.040 mm;
(5) The parent sphere is formed: pouring the parent particles into a circular pan granulator, spraying water to form particles A through a water spray assembly of the granulator, adding 1/3 of the total weight of powder into the particles A, and continuously rotating in a ball mill rapidly to form parent balls;
(6) Sphere formation: under the condition that the spraying of water mist is continuously carried out on the mother balls in the granulator, the rest powder is added while spraying, under the condition that the ball mill rotates rapidly, the mother balls gradually become larger to form first spheres, no water spraying is needed until the mother balls are required, and then dispersing agents are added to form second sphere particles;
(7) Sieving: removing the coarse particle size of the second spherical particles obtained in the step (6), and leaving 40-140 meshes of particles for later use;
(8) Shaping the sphere: performing sphere shaping operation again on the particles with 40-140 meshes obtained in the step (7) to form more round spheres, wherein the sphericity of the round spheres after shaping operation is more than 98%;
(9) Curing: the round spheres obtained in the step (8) are sent to a curing bin for curing, and two stages of water spray curing and dry curing are adopted for curing;
(10) Sieving the spherical particles obtained in the step (9) to obtain a light gypsum sand sample 3, wherein the specification of the light gypsum sand is 0.106mm-0.425mm, and the internal bulk density is 600kg/m 3 -700kg/m 3 Other indexes meet the requirements of GB/T14684-2022 for construction sand.
The curing in the step (9) is that the water spray curing lasts for 5 days, each time spraying lasts for 4 hours, each time spraying is carried out once a day, and the temperature of a curing warehouse is 20 ℃; and transferring to the next curing warehouse for dry curing, and maintaining the dry curing at room temperature for 14 days. The principle of the curing stage is as follows: the gypsum in the raw materials and the gypsum reactant (main material 2) are subjected to ceramic reaction to form ceramic sphere particles, so that the product has higher strength and water resistance, and the specific properties are shown in table 1.
Example 4
A preparation method of light plastering gypsum comprises the following steps:
step 1: adding building gypsum, II anhydrous anhydrite and light gypsum sand into a stirring kettle, and stirring and mixing for 3-5 min in the stirring kettle to obtain a mixture of rubber and aggregate;
step 2: pre-dispersing an exciting agent, cellulose ether, a thixotropic agent, a retarder, starch ether, polyacrylamide, an air entraining agent and 2kg of heavy calcium to obtain an auxiliary agent mixture;
step 3: and (3) putting the auxiliary agent mixture into a stirring kettle, and carrying out dry mixing and stirring on the auxiliary agent mixture, the rubber material and the aggregate mixture for 3-5 min to obtain the light plastering gypsum.
Wherein, the weight parts of each material are as follows:
45 parts of building gypsum, 35 parts of II-type anhydrous anhydrite, 3 parts of cement, 27 parts of light gypsum sand, 0.1 part of thixotropic agent, 0.01 part of starch ether, 0.26 part of cellulose ether, 0.005 part of air entraining agent, 6 parts of excitant, 0.006 part of polyacrylamide and 0.65 part of retarder;
wherein the thixotropic agent is bentonite; the air entraining agent is one or more of rosin resin, alkyl and alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon sulfonic acid, fatty alcohol sulfonate, saponin, protein salt and petroleum sulfonic acid; the activator is potassium sulfate, KAl (SO) 4 ) 2 CalciningOne or more of burnt alum and sodium bisulfate; the retarder is protein gypsum retarder. The specific properties of the lightweight plaster are shown in Table 2.
In the lightweight plastering gypsum of example 4, the lightweight gypsum sand used was prepared as follows:
the weight percentage of the light gypsum sand is as follows based on the total weight of the raw materials:
parent grain: 10 parts of perlite filter aid with the particle size less than or equal to 0.102 mm;
main material 1: 30 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 24 parts of natural gypsum, 10 parts of fluorgypsum and 5 parts of phosphogypsum;
and (2) a main material: 6 parts of aluminosilicate mineral, 3 parts of kaolin mineral, 3 parts of aluminum oxide and 1 part of dolomite;
auxiliary material: 2 parts of slaked lime;
Ball forming material: 1 part of clay, 2 parts of bentonite and 1 part of lignocellulose;
dispersing agent: 1 part of sodium pyrophosphate and 1 part of sodium hexametaphosphate;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Grinding: grinding the main material 1, the main material 2, the auxiliary material and the balling material to 0.041mm respectively;
(2) Slurry reaction: adding proper amount of water into the main material 1, the main material 2, the auxiliary material and the balling material, fully stirring at the rotating speed of 260r/min for 7min, fully dispersing various materials into the water to form slurry, and fully contacting and uniformly mixing the materials;
(3) Dehydrating: the slurry liquid after slurry reaction is subjected to centrifugation, adsorption, extrusion dehydration and drying at 250 ℃ to control the water content of the slurry liquid to be below 3% by mass, so as to obtain a block material;
(4) Powdering: grinding the block materials, and grinding the block materials into powder with the rotation speed of 3000r/min through a high-speed pulverizer to obtain powder with the diameter of 0.041mm;
(5) The parent sphere is formed: pouring the parent particles into a circular pan granulator, spraying water to form particles A through a water spray assembly of the granulator, adding 1/3 of the total weight of powder into the particles A, and continuously rotating in a ball mill rapidly to form parent balls;
(6) Sphere formation: under the condition that the spraying of water mist is continuously carried out on the mother balls in the granulator, the rest powder is added while spraying, under the condition that the ball mill rotates rapidly, the mother balls gradually become larger to form first spheres, no water spraying is needed until the mother balls are required, and then dispersing agents are added to form second sphere particles;
(7) Sieving: removing the coarse particle size of the second spherical particles obtained in the step (6), and leaving 40-140 meshes of particles for later use;
(8) Shaping the sphere: performing sphere shaping operation again on the particles with 40-140 meshes obtained in the step (7) to form more round spheres, wherein the sphericity of the round spheres after shaping operation is more than 98%;
(9) Curing: the round spheres obtained in the step (8) are sent to a curing bin for curing, and two stages of water spray curing and dry curing are adopted for curing;
(10) Sieving the spherical particles obtained in the step (9) to obtain a light gypsum sand sample 4, wherein the specification of the light gypsum sand is 0.106mm-0.425mm, and the internal bulk density is 600kg/m 3 -700kg/m 3 Other indexes meet the requirements of GB/T14684-2022 for construction sand.
The curing in the step (9) is that the water spray curing lasts for 6 days, each time spraying water lasts for 4 hours, each time spraying water once a day, and the temperature of a curing warehouse is 15 ℃; and transferring to the next curing warehouse for dry curing, and maintaining the dry curing at room temperature for 14 days. The principle of the curing stage is as follows: the gypsum in the raw materials and the gypsum reactant (main material 2) are subjected to ceramic reaction to form ceramic sphere particles, so that the product has higher strength and water resistance, and the specific properties are shown in table 1.
Example 5
A preparation method of light plastering gypsum comprises the following steps:
step 1: adding building gypsum, II anhydrous anhydrite and light gypsum sand into a stirring kettle, and stirring and mixing for 3-5 min in the stirring kettle to obtain a mixture of rubber and aggregate;
step 2: pre-dispersing an exciting agent, cellulose ether, a thixotropic agent, a retarder, starch ether, polyacrylamide, an air entraining agent and 2kg of heavy calcium to obtain an auxiliary agent mixture;
step 3: and (3) putting the auxiliary agent mixture into a stirring kettle, and carrying out dry mixing and stirring on the auxiliary agent mixture, the rubber material and the aggregate mixture for 3-5 min to obtain the light plastering gypsum.
Wherein, the weight parts of each material are as follows:
46 parts of building gypsum, 30 parts of II-type anhydrous anhydrite, 4 parts of cement, 20 parts of light gypsum sand, 0.1 part of thixotropic agent, 0.02 part of starch ether, 0.37 part of cellulose ether, 0.005 part of air entraining agent, 5 parts of exciting agent, 0.006 part of polyacrylamide and 0.5 part of retarder;
wherein the thixotropic agent is bentonite; the air entraining agent is one or more of rosin resin, alkyl and alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon sulfonic acid, fatty alcohol sulfonate, saponin, protein salt and petroleum sulfonic acid; the activator is potassium sulfate, KAl (SO) 4 ) 2 One or more of calcined alum, sodium bisulfate; the retarder is protein gypsum retarder. The specific properties of the lightweight plaster are shown in Table 2.
In the lightweight plaster of example 5, the lightweight plaster sand used was prepared as follows:
the weight percentage of the light gypsum sand is as follows based on the total weight of the raw materials:
parent grain: 9 parts of perlite filter aid with the particle size less than or equal to 0.102 mm;
main material 1: 30 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 25 parts of natural gypsum, 10 parts of fluorgypsum and 5 parts of phosphogypsum;
and (2) a main material: 6 parts of aluminosilicate mineral, 3 parts of kaolin mineral, 3 parts of aluminum oxide and 1 part of dolomite;
auxiliary material: 2 parts of slaked lime;
ball forming material: 1 part of clay, 2 parts of bentonite and 1 part of lignocellulose;
dispersing agent: 1 part of sodium pyrophosphate and 1 part of sodium hexametaphosphate;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Grinding: grinding the main material 1, the main material 2, the auxiliary material and the balling material to 0.038mm respectively;
(2) Slurry reaction: adding proper amount of water into the main material 1, the main material 2, the auxiliary material and the balling material, fully stirring at the rotating speed of 300r/min for 10min, fully dispersing various materials into the water to form slurry, and fully contacting and uniformly mixing the materials;
(3) Dehydrating: the slurry liquid after slurry reaction is subjected to centrifugation, adsorption, extrusion dehydration and drying at 250 ℃ to control the water content of the slurry liquid to be below 3% by mass, so as to obtain a block material;
(4) Powdering: grinding the block materials, and grinding the block materials into powder with the size of 0.038mm through a high-speed pulverizer at the rotating speed of 3500 r/min;
(5) The parent sphere is formed: pouring the parent particles into a circular pan granulator, spraying water to form particles A through a water spray assembly of the granulator, adding 1/2 of the total weight of powder into the particles A, and continuously rotating in a ball mill rapidly to form parent balls;
(6) Sphere formation: under the condition that the spraying of water mist is continuously carried out on the mother balls in the granulator, the rest powder is added while spraying, under the condition that the ball mill rotates rapidly, the mother balls gradually become larger to form first spheres, no water spraying is needed until the mother balls are required, and then dispersing agents are added to form second sphere particles;
(7) Sieving: removing the coarse particle size of the second spherical particles obtained in the step (6), and leaving 40-140 meshes of particles for later use;
(8) Shaping the sphere: performing sphere shaping operation again on the particles with 40-140 meshes obtained in the step (7) to form more round spheres, wherein the sphericity of the round spheres after shaping operation is more than 98%;
(9) Curing: the round spheres obtained in the step (8) are sent to a curing bin for curing, and two stages of water spray curing and dry curing are adopted for curing;
(10) Sieving the spherical particles obtained in the step (9) to obtain a light gypsum sand sample 4, wherein the specification of the light gypsum sand is 0.106mm-0.425mm, and the internal bulk density is 600kg/m 3 -700kg/m 3 Other indexes meet the requirements of GB/T14684-2022 for construction sand.
The curing in the step (9) is that the water spray curing lasts for 6 days, each time spraying water lasts for 4 hours, each time spraying water once a day, and the temperature of a curing warehouse is 25 ℃; and transferring to the next curing warehouse for dry curing, and maintaining the dry curing at room temperature for 14 days. The principle of the curing stage is as follows: the gypsum in the raw materials and the gypsum reactant (main material 2) are subjected to ceramic reaction to form ceramic sphere particles, so that the product has higher strength and water resistance, and the specific properties are shown in table 1.
Example 6
A preparation method of light plastering gypsum comprises the following steps:
step 1: adding building gypsum, II anhydrous anhydrite and light gypsum sand into a stirring kettle, and stirring and mixing for 3-5 min in the stirring kettle to obtain a mixture of rubber and aggregate;
step 2: pre-dispersing an exciting agent, cellulose ether, a thixotropic agent, a retarder, starch ether, polyacrylamide, an air entraining agent and 2kg of heavy calcium to obtain an auxiliary agent mixture;
step 3: and (3) putting the auxiliary agent mixture into a stirring kettle, and carrying out dry mixing and stirring on the auxiliary agent mixture, the rubber material and the aggregate mixture for 3-5 min to obtain the light plastering gypsum.
Wherein, the weight parts of each material are as follows:
38 parts of building gypsum, 30 parts of II-type anhydrous anhydrite, 2 parts of cement, 30 parts of light gypsum sand, 0.3 part of thixotropic agent, 0.02 part of starch ether, 0.29 part of cellulose ether, 0.005 part of air entraining agent, 6 parts of exciting agent, 0.005 part of polyacrylamide and 0.4 part of retarder;
wherein the thixotropic agent is bentonite; the air entraining agent is one or more of rosin resin, alkyl and alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon sulfonic acid, fatty alcohol sulfonate, saponin, protein salt and petroleum sulfonic acid; the activator is potassium sulfate, KAl (SO) 4 ) 2 One or more of calcined alum, sodium bisulfate; the retarder is protein gypsum retarder. The specific properties of the lightweight plaster are shown in Table 2.
In the lightweight plastering gypsum of example 6, the lightweight gypsum sand used was prepared as follows:
the weight percentage of the light gypsum sand is as follows based on the total weight of the raw materials:
parent grain: perlite filter aid with particle size less than or equal to 0.102mm, 7 parts;
main material 1: 30 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 27 parts of natural gypsum, 10 parts of fluorgypsum and 5 parts of phosphogypsum;
and (2) a main material: 6 parts of aluminosilicate mineral, 3 parts of kaolin mineral, 3 parts of aluminum oxide and 1 part of dolomite;
auxiliary material: 2 parts of slaked lime;
Ball forming material: 1 part of clay, 2 parts of bentonite and 1 part of lignocellulose;
dispersing agent: 1 part of sodium pyrophosphate and 1 part of sodium hexametaphosphate;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Grinding: grinding the main material 1, the main material 2, the auxiliary material and the balling material to 0.039mm respectively;
(2) Slurry reaction: adding proper amount of water into the main material 1, the main material 2, the auxiliary material and the balling material, fully stirring at the rotating speed of 265r/min for 8min, fully dispersing various materials into the water to form slurry, and fully contacting and uniformly mixing the materials;
(3) Dehydrating: the slurry liquid after slurry reaction is subjected to centrifugation, adsorption, extrusion dehydration and drying at 245 ℃ to control the water content of the slurry liquid to be below 3% by mass, thus obtaining a block material;
(4) Powdering: grinding the block materials, and grinding the block materials into powder with the size of 0.039mm through a high-speed pulverizer at the rotating speed of 4000 r/min;
(5) The parent sphere is formed: pouring the parent particles into a circular pan granulator, spraying water to form particles A through a water spray assembly of the granulator, adding 1/3 of the total weight of powder into the particles A, and continuously rotating in a ball mill rapidly to form parent balls;
(6) Sphere formation: under the condition that the spraying of water mist is continuously carried out on the mother balls in the granulator, the rest powder is added while spraying, under the condition that the ball mill rotates rapidly, the mother balls gradually become larger to form first spheres, no water spraying is needed until the mother balls are required, and then dispersing agents are added to form second sphere particles;
(7) Sieving: removing the coarse particle size of the second spherical particles obtained in the step (6), and leaving 40-140 meshes of particles for later use;
(8) Shaping the sphere: performing sphere shaping operation again on the particles with 40-140 meshes obtained in the step (7) to form more round spheres, wherein the sphericity of the round spheres after shaping operation is more than 98%;
(9) Curing: the round spheres obtained in the step (8) are sent to a curing bin for curing, and two stages of water spray curing and dry curing are adopted for curing;
(10) Sieving the spherical particles obtained in the step (9) to obtain a light gypsum sand sample 4, wherein the specification of the light gypsum sand is 0.106mm-0.425mm, and the internal bulk density is 600kg/m 3 -700kg/m 3 Other indexes meet the requirements of GB/T14684-2022 for construction sand.
The curing in the step (9) is that the water spray curing lasts for 6 days, each time spraying water lasts for 4 hours, each time spraying water once a day, and the temperature of a curing warehouse is 25 ℃; and transferring to the next curing warehouse for dry curing, and maintaining the dry curing at room temperature for 14 days. The principle of the curing stage is as follows: the gypsum in the raw materials and the gypsum reactant (main material 2) are subjected to ceramic reaction to form ceramic sphere particles, so that the product has higher strength and water resistance, and the specific properties are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Performance test results on light Gypsum sand samples 1-4 according to GB/T14684-2011 construction sand
| Project | Index (I) | Sample 1 | Sample 2 | Sample 3 | Sample 4 |
| Bulk density kg/m 3 | ≤1000 | 620 | 635 | 680 | 650 |
| Barrel pressure strength/MPa | ≥2 | 4.1 | 4.7 | 5.0 | 4.9 |
| Breakage rate/28 MPa | ≤5％ | 4.1 | 4.3 | 4.5 | 4.2 |
| Water absorption/% | ≤8％ | 6.0 | 6.3 | 6.4 | 6.1 |
| Sphericity/% | ≥98 | 98 | 99 | 99 | 99 |
| Softening coefficient | ≥0.5 | 0.76 | 0.75 | 0.76 | 0.74 |
Table 2 results of Performance test of light plasters in examples 1-6 according to GB/T28627-2022 "plaster" and JC/T2497-2018 "mildew-resistant Water-resistant plaster mortar
The above description is only of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any other way, but is intended to cover any modifications or equivalent variations according to the technical spirit of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (15)
1. The preparation method of the light plastering gypsum is characterized in that the raw materials of the light plastering gypsum comprise the following components in parts by weight:
building gypsum: 30-50 parts;
type II anhydrite: 10-30 parts;
42.5 ash cement: 1-5 parts;
light gypsum sand: 30-50 parts;
thixotropic agent: 0.1 to 1 part;
starch ether: 0.01-0.06 parts;
cellulose ether: 0.2-0.5 part;
and (3) an air entraining agent: 0.005-0.01 part;
and (3) a water-retaining agent: 0.005-0.02 parts;
Exciting agent: 1-8 parts; and
retarder: 0.1 to 0.5 part.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the building gypsum is a mixture of the following components in percentage by mass: a semi-aqueous phase is more than or equal to 80%, a secondary aqueous phase is less than or equal to 4%, and a non-aqueous phase is less than or equal to 5%, based on the total mass of the building gypsum; the flexural strength of the building gypsum for 2 hours is more than or equal to 3.0MPa, the compressive strength for 2 hours is more than or equal to 6.0MPa, and the chloride ion content is less than or equal to 600mg/Kg.
3. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the type II anhydrite is not less than 96% by mass of the type II anhydrite, the softening coefficient is between 0.6 and 0.7, and the Ph value is between 12 and 13.
4. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the 42.5 gray cement comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 60% -65% of CaO and SiO as chemical components of cement 2 18％-19％、Al 2 O 3 4％-5％、Fe 2 O 3 2% -3%, mgO 2% -3% and SO 3 3% -4% based on the total weight of the 42.5 gray cement.
5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lightweight gypsum sand has a particle size of 40 mesh to 140 mesh, wherein CaSO 4 The content is more than or equal to 90 percent.
6. The method of preparation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the thixotropic agent is a bentonite-based thixotropic agent.
7. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the starch ether has a water content of 5%, a Ph value of 6.0-8.0 and a viscosity of 400-1200mpas.
8. The process according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cellulose ether is hydroxypropyl methylcellulose having a viscosity of 40000-150000mpas.
9. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the air entraining agent is one or more of rosin resins, alkyl and alkylaromatic sulfonates, fatty alcohol sulfonates, saponins, protein salts, petroleum sulfohydrochloric acid.
10. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the water-retaining agent is polyacrylamide.
11. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the activator is potassium sulfate, KAl (SO 4 ) 2 One or more of calcined alum and sodium bisulfate.
12. The method of preparation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the retarder is a proteinaceous gypsum retarder.
13. The method of preparing a lightweight plaster according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the method of preparing a lightweight plaster comprises the steps of:
Step 1: adding building gypsum, II anhydrous anhydrite and light gypsum sand into a stirring kettle, and stirring and mixing for 3-5 min in the stirring kettle to obtain a mixture of rubber and aggregate;
step 2: pre-dispersing an exciting agent, cellulose ether, a thixotropic agent, a retarder, starch ether, polyacrylamide, an air entraining agent and heavy calcium to obtain an auxiliary agent mixture;
step 3: and (3) putting the auxiliary agent mixture into the stirring kettle, and carrying out dry mixing and stirring on the auxiliary agent mixture and the mixture of the rubber material and the aggregate for 3-5 min to obtain the light plastering gypsum.
14. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the method of manufacturing light gypsum sand comprises:
the light gypsum sand is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight based on the total mass of the raw materials: 5-10 parts of matrix particles, 65-80 parts of main material 1, 10-15 parts of main material 2, 2-5 parts of auxiliary material, 3-5 parts of balling material and 1-10 parts of dispersing agent;
parent grain: perlite filter aid with particle size less than or equal to 0.102 mm;
main material 1: any one or more than two of natural gypsum, desulfurized gypsum, phosphogypsum, fluorgypsum, titanium gypsum or other industrial byproduct gypsum;
and (2) a main material: any one or a mixture of more than two of aluminate compounds, aluminosilicate minerals, kaolin minerals, dolomite, soluble oxides and aluminum oxide;
Auxiliary material: any one or the mixture of two of active calcium and slaked lime;
ball forming material: any one or more than two of clay, lignocellulose or bentonite, and the particle size is less than or equal to 0.048mm;
dispersing agent: any one or the mixture of two of sodium pyrophosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate and polycarboxylate;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Grinding: grinding the main material 1, the main material 2, the auxiliary material and the balling material to 0.037+/-0.005 mm respectively;
(2) Slurry reaction: adding proper amount of water into the main material 1, the main material 2, the auxiliary material and the balling material, fully stirring at the rotating speed of 50-300r/min for 5-10min, fully dispersing various materials into the water to form slurry, and fully contacting and uniformly mixing the materials;
(3) Dehydrating: the slurry liquid after slurry reaction is subjected to centrifugation, adsorption, extrusion dehydration and then is dried at 150-250 ℃ to control the water content of the slurry liquid to be below 3% by mass percent, so that a block material is obtained;
(4) Powdering: grinding the block materials, and grinding the block materials into powder with the diameter of 0.037+/-0.005 mm through a high-speed pulverizer at the rotating speed of 3000-6000 r/min;
(5) The parent sphere is formed: pouring the parent particles into a circular pan granulator, spraying water to form particles A through a water spray assembly of the granulator, adding 1/3-1/2 of the total weight of the powder into the particles A, and continuously rotating in the ball mill rapidly to form a parent ball;
(6) Sphere formation: under the condition that the spraying mist is continuously carried out on the mother balls in the granulator, adding the rest powder while spraying, and under the condition that the ball mill rotates rapidly, the mother balls gradually become larger to form first spheres, so that water spraying is not needed, and then adding the dispersing agent to form second sphere particles;
(7) Sieving: removing the coarse particle size of the second spherical particles obtained in the step (6), and leaving 40-140 meshes of particles for later use;
(8) Shaping the sphere: performing sphere shaping operation on the particles with 40-140 meshes obtained in the step (7) again to form more round spheres, wherein the sphericity of the round spheres after shaping operation is more than 98%;
(9) Curing: the round spheres obtained in the step (8) are sent to a curing bin for curing, and two stages of water spray curing and dry curing are adopted for curing;
(10) Sieving the spherical particles obtained in the step (9) to obtain light gypsum sand, wherein the specification of the light gypsum sand is 0.106mm-0.425mm, and the internal bulk density is 600kg/m 3 -700kg/m 3 。
15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the curing in the step (9) is carried out for a duration of 4-7 days with water spray for 4 hours each time, once a day, and the curing barn temperature is 15-25 ℃; transferring to the next curing warehouse for dry curing, and maintaining the dry curing at room temperature for 11-14 days.
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