CN1172760C - Heat treatment and sand removal for castings - Google Patents
Heat treatment and sand removal for castings Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1172760C CN1172760C CNB008108358A CN00810835A CN1172760C CN 1172760 C CN1172760 C CN 1172760C CN B008108358 A CNB008108358 A CN B008108358A CN 00810835 A CN00810835 A CN 00810835A CN 1172760 C CN1172760 C CN 1172760C
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- foundry goods
- mould
- core
- nozzle
- platform
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D29/00—Removing castings from moulds, not restricted to casting processes covered by a single main group; Removing cores; Handling ingots
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D29/00—Removing castings from moulds, not restricted to casting processes covered by a single main group; Removing cores; Handling ingots
- B22D29/001—Removing cores
- B22D29/003—Removing cores using heat
Abstract
A system and method for heat treating castings (13, 53) and removal cores therefrom. The castings (13, 53) are initially located in indexed positions with their x, y, and z coordinates known. The castings (13, 53) are passed through a series of nozzle stations (41, 63) each having a series of nozzles (42, 64, 64') mounted in present positions corresponding to the known indexed positions of the castings passing through the nozzle stations (41, 63). The nozzle (42, 64, 64') apply heated fluids to the castings (13, 53) for heat treating the castings (13, 53) and dislodging the sand cores (54) for removal from the castings (13, 53).
Description
The related application of quoting
The present invention requires to advocate the rights and interests in the 60/146th, No. 390 (submission on July 29th, 1999), the 60/150th, No. 901 (submission on August 26th, 1999) and the 60/202nd, No. 740 (submission on May 10th, 2000) U.S. Provisional Patent Application.
Invention field
The present invention relates to metallurgical casting technology, more properly relate to be used for the method and apparatus of removing core and this foundry goods being heat-treated from foundry goods.
The description of prior art
The conventional cast technology of forming metal foundry goods for example uses the surface with required foundry goods (for example cylinder head) to be molded over cast iron shot box casting mold or sand mold (being commonly referred to mould) on the internal surface.A core that comprises sand and suitable bonding material and limit the foundry goods internal feature is arranged in the mould.Core is often used in metal founding inside and makes profile and internal feature, must remove and reclaim the core sand material after castingprocesses finishes from foundry goods.According to application, if core and/or sand mold use binding agent can comprise aerodux, phenolic aldehyde urethane " ice chest " tackiness agent or other organic binding material that is fit to.In mould, fill up molten metal alloy subsequently.When alloy solidified, foundry goods can take out and deliver in the heat treatment furnace and heat-treat, reclaim molding sand and timeliness usually from core from mould.Thermal treatment and timeliness are to improve the technology of metal alloy so that make it have the physical property that is suitable for various different application occasions.
According to some prior aries,, need carry out several visibly different steps usually in order metal founding to be heat-treated and from core, fully reclaim sharp sand in case form foundry goods.First step is to isolate the core part from foundry goods.Usually utilize one or array mode from foundry goods, to isolate core.For example, can from foundry goods, dig out molding sand or can physical vibration or the vibrations foundry goods so that broken defeated and dispersed, thereby take out molding sand.In case from foundry goods, take out molding sand, usually can be to heat treating castings and timeliness in step subsequently.If wish to strengthen or hardening casting, usually to heat treating castings.The another one step comprises purification isolated molding sand from foundry goods.Usually utilize one or array mode to carry out above-mentioned cleansing operation.These can comprise that burning bag is coated in tackiness agent on the sand, grinds this molding sand and make molding sand partly pass through mesh screen.Therefore, the molding sand part can be carried out recycling step again, until the molding sand that is recovered to abundant purification.
Therefore, therefore the method that industrial needs improve the thermal treatment foundry goods and therefrom reclaim core material requires to obtain more effectively to heat-treat, remove core and the effective ways and the relative unit of the sand that recovery fully purifies from core for a long time.
Summary of the invention
In brief, the present invention includes a kind of system and method that is used for thermal treatment foundry goods (for example using) and removes following core at castingprocesses at metallurgical works.The present invention have a plurality of utilize high-pressure fluid medium effectively to remove down and reclaim the core molding sand and in mould to heat treating castings
Embodiment.
Be used for removing the embodiment of molding sand and thermal treatment foundry goods down at one of the present invention, molten metal is poured into a mould in the progressive die tool, this mould usually will be through preheating so that metal temperature can be remained on thermal treatment temp when forming foundry goods.From mould, take out foundry goods subsequently, and each foundry goods is placed in the predetermined position on the saddle with known x, y, z axle and coordinate.Each saddle is configured usually and can admits a foundry goods in a constant bearing with X, Y, Z axle and coordinate or position, and foundry goods is arranged on a known calibration position, utilizes the core hole of the foundry goods of core formation just to locate or be aligned in described known calibration position like this.Above-mentioned saddle can also comprise positioning element, and guiding also helps foundry goods to maintain required known calibration position.
Each saddle band heat treatment furnace or the thermal chamber that a foundry goods that is positioned at its inside passes a thermal treatment platform, heat-treats with desanding and also may reclaim core.Through the thermal treatment of Overheating Treatment platform the time, a series of x of having, y, z coordinate are fixed or are positioned to nozzle with above-mentioned foundry goods aligned in position with the hot high pressure flow of fluid medium, and for example air, water or heat conduction wet goods are directed on the foundry goods and are inner.This fluid is easy to and helps when thermal treatment to remove from the core cavity body behind the broken core and the core molding sand is removed in promotion.Usually, nozzle is disposed in order and passes on the localized nozzle platform of thermal chamber, and the nozzle on each nozzle platform is set at the preset bearing of the known location in relative foundry goods core hole, and each nozzles combine can be carried out Long-distance Control by a Controlling System or supervisory control desk.
In another embodiment of the present invention, foundry goods can be retained in its mould and carry out " thermal treatment in the mould ".These moulds will carry out preheating usually to hold it in the thermal treatment temp near foundry goods before pouring fusion foundry goods metal into, handle so that in mould foundry goods is carried out portion of hot when foundry goods is partly solidified.Then, mould is communicated with foundry goods in it and is placed usually or is positioned at the demarcation orientation, or the position of known x, y, z coordinate, so that core is heat-treated and removed to the foundry goods in it.
In order to heat-treat and remove and reclaim the core of foundry goods, mould and foundry goods usually will be through the heat treatment furnaces of Overheating Treatment platform.This thermal treatment platform also comprises the plurality of nozzles platform, and each nozzle platform has a series of nozzles that position and be provided with corresponding to mould and foundry goods known location in a predefined manner, with convenient it is used the design high pressure fluid.The nozzle platform equally also comprises and can and can enter the nozzle of various application site along a mould predefined paths on every side by the automatic machine operation, wherein these application site are corresponding with the position or the orientation of die inlet or opening, conveniently enter foundry goods so that therefrom remove core.Alternately, the thermal treatment platform can comprise for example substituting thermal source such as inductance or radiation energy or oxygen room equally, is used to mould or casting mold integral body that the energy is provided and so that heat up the foundry goods in it is heat-treated.Subsequently, from mould, take out foundry goods, and make this foundry goods remove platform or remove step, so that further from foundry goods, remove and reclaim possibly core through follow-up core by follow-up core.
In another embodiment, mould is preheating to a preset temperature.Subsequently, when pouring into molten metal in the mould, continue mould is heated, so that simultaneously it is heat-treated and from mould, do not remove foundry goods at the foundry goods solidified.This mould can be transmitted the quenching platform subsequently, so that foundry goods is quenched and therefrom removes core.In this embodiment, mould remains near a known fixed position or an orientation that is positioned at pouring platform place or its usually.Application from a series of be arranged in around the mould and usually and the hot-fluid that ejects the nozzle that aligns of die inlet to mold heated.Said nozzle further moves between a series of nozzle locations that set according to die location or orientation around mould subsequently, so that heating mould is heat-treated the foundry goods in it.
Also can more clearly understand various purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage in conjunction with the accompanying drawings by this specification sheets of reading comprehension.
Brief description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 illustrates the side-view of molten metal being introduced mould;
Fig. 3 is the skeleton view that foundry goods position in the saddle is shown;
Fig. 4 illustrates the synoptic diagram that is used to carry out thermal treatment in the mould and removes another embodiment of the present invention of sand mold;
Fig. 5 A-5B moves to various application site around mould and carries out heat treated side-view in the mould for air nozzle is shown;
Fig. 6 is schematically illustrated to carry out another of heat treated thermal chamber in the mould to foundry goods
The side-view of embodiment;
Enclose 7 and schematically illustrated foundry goods is carried out another of heat treated thermal chamber in the mould
The side-view of embodiment;
The schematically illustrated side-view that foundry goods is carried out other embodiment of heat treated thermal chamber in the mould of Fig. 8 A-8B.
The description of most preferred embodiment
Describe view now in detail, wherein identical label is represented identical parts in all views.Fig. 1 roughly illustrates metallurgical casting technology 10.Because casting technique belongs to prior art, so in the traditional casting technique of this only concise and to the point description, so that reference.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, according to the present invention, topple over platform or casting platform 12 is toppled over molten metal or metal alloy M in the progressive die tool 11 at one, so that form a foundry goods 13 as cylinder head or motor car engine cylinder.Usually, core is admitted or is placed to and can be formed cavity and/or thin portion of foundry goods or core print (core print) in the inside of the foundry goods in each mould.Each mould 11 is generally sandbox pattern tool and can be made by metal such as a kind of cast iron or other material of the prior art, can have the clam shell shaped design and therefrom open and take out foundry goods with convenient.This mould also can be by being mixed with for example made green sand mold mould of molding sand material of binding agent such as resol or other existing suitable organic binder bond.Similarly, the foundry goods core generally includes core, and it is formed by a kind of sand material and for example suitable binder such as resol, phenolic aldehyde urethane " ice chest " binding agent or other suitable existing organic binder material.
As shown in Figure 3, each mould 11 generally includes a series of sidewall 14, roof or upper wall 16 and diapire or bottom 17, limits an inner chamber 18 of admitting molten metal M thus.This inner chamber 18 is formed with the concavo-convex pattern that is used to form foundry goods 13 internal features in the mould usually, so that limit the shape or the profile of final casting.Cast gate 19 is formed on usually on upper wall or the top 16 and with inner chamber 18 and is communicated with, and maybe this molten metal is introduced mould so that topple over molten metal M as depicted in figs. 1 and 2.Final foundry goods has the feature of dies cavity, and core opening or import 21 also are molded over the position location place of core in mould in addition.
Equally also topple over platform 12 through being everlasting near a heating unit is set, for example hot blast is advertised machine or other suitable gas or electric furnace heating arrangements 22, so that preheated mold 11.Can be that this mould can be provided with the thermal source or the element of heating mould for alternate.For example, mould can comprise the chamber of the heating mediums such as for example deep fat that are used to admit heating mould near foundry goods.Usually, according to the metal or alloy that forms foundry goods, with mould be preheating to one temperature required.For example, for aluminium, mould need be preheating in about 400-600 degree centigrade the scope.The required various preheating temperatures of the various metal alloys of preheating are familiar with by those skilled in the art, and can comprise 400-600 degree centigrade up and down than large-temperature range.Preheated mold helps that the foundry goods metal remained on the thermal treatment temp place or near this temperature, so that toppling over molten metal and molten metal when in mould, solidifying and make further minimum heat losses, subsequently mould is sent to the subsequent disposal platform, foundry goods is heat-treated.
As shown in Figure 1, in case molten metal or metal alloy have been poured mould and partly solidified at least into, a mould transfer mechanism 25 can take off mould and foundry goods from toppling on the platform 12, and is sent to a loading bench 26.This mould transfer mechanism comprises the automatic machine (not shown) of a delivery mold, and the existing transfer mechanism of capstan winch or other type is used for mould is sent to loading bench from toppling over platform.In the first embodiment of the present invention, molten metal M is solidified to form foundry goods in mould after, for example utilize robots arm or similar means place from mould 11, to take out foundry goods 13 (Fig. 3) at loading bench 26 (Fig. 1), and this foundry goods is placed on of saddle 27 inside has in the predetermined calibration position of known x, y, z coordinate.As a result, the core hole 21 (Fig. 3) of foundry goods is similarly located or is aligned in the known location, so that remove core from foundry goods.
As shown in Figure 3, each saddle is one basket or shelf normally, this saddle is made by metallic substance usually and is had a base portion 28 and a series of sidewall 29, limits an opening casting chamber or container 31 thus, and foundry goods 13 is admitted in core hole or import that this container utilization exposes.This foundry goods will be fixed in known demarcation or alignment orientation or the position in the container 31 that is placed on its saddle 27 time usually.In addition, as shown in Figure 3, saddle 27 can also comprise the positioning element 32 that is installed on each saddle base portion and/or wall 28 and 29, is used for foundry goods guiding and maintains required calibration position in the saddle 27.This positioning element comprises the pilot pin 33 as Fig. 3, perhaps can comprise recess or groove shown in dotted line among Fig. 3 34, perhaps other be used for foundry goods guiding be positioned at required calibration position or orientation in similar device.Usually, pilot pin 33 is made by for example cast iron or similar resistant to elevated temperatures metallic substance, and is installed on the bottom or arbitrary sidewall of saddle.In castingprocesses, for example be installed in the bottom of saddle or the pilot pin on the sidewall, or, in foundry goods, form corresponding steady arm or guide openings 36 (shown in dotted line) by using degradable core material by use.In the time of in foundry goods is placed on its saddle, pilot pin will be received within the corresponding guide openings of foundry goods, so that with foundry goods location with maintain in the required calibration position with the known and x, the y that limit, z coordinate, and similarly the position of core import in the foundry goods is located or is aligned in the known location, so that more effective foundry goods core that more directly heats, thereby promote that taking off and remove core sand reclaims.
In addition, in some applications, mould can comprise a steel or iron " mould " (chill) or core (insert), and described metal " mould " or core have the various DESIGNED FEATURE that are distributed in order to improve its crystalline-granular texture on the foundry goods.These metal patterns can take out after cast, perhaps can stay and become when the foundry goods molten metal solidifies the part of foundry goods.To also can be used as positioning element if this metal pattern is stayed in the foundry goods, and foundry goods is positioned in its saddle interior required alignment or position.Equally also can be by taking out left feature of metal pattern or thin portion as the locating point of pilot pin or other positioning element in the joint saddle, so that each foundry goods is fixed in its required calibration position.
As shown in Figure 1, after each foundry goods 11 has been loaded in the position or orientation that has known x, y, z coordinate in its saddle, each foundry goods will enter a thermal treatment platform 40 subsequently and heat-treat in saddle, remove core and reclaim core sand (if desired).This saddle passes the thermal treatment platform usually and transmits on a travelling belt or track, foundry goods will be maintained at known calibration position when passing the thermal treatment platform like this.Thermal treatment platform 40 generally includes a heat treatment furnace, and this heat treatment furnace is generally a geseous fuel process furnace and has a series of processing sections or treatment chamber, is used for each foundry goods is heat-treated and removed core and reclaims core sand.Wherein when each application may need to heat-treat and take out core and handle section and can be divided into much more as far as possible or the least possible section, and each foundry goods is maintained at mould inside usually and can be with it to pass a thermal treatment platform until a saddle.If desired, also may make the foundry goods timeliness in thermal treatment platform 40 inside.
In United States Patent (USP) the 5th, 294,094; 5,565,046 and 5,738, some following heat treatment furnaces are disclosed in No. 162, promptly these heat treatment furnaces can be heat-treated and take out core from foundry goods foundry goods, and reclaim core sand possibly from the foundry goods core, and this paper is with reference to these publications.Disclosed another heat treatment furnace can heat-treat and remove core and reclaim core sand metal founding in No. the 09/313rd, 111, the U.S. Patent application of on May 17th, 1999 application, and this paper equally also will be with reference to the disclosure thing.
As shown in Figure 1, thermal treatment platform 40 comprises series of spray nozzles platform 41, this nozzle platform along this thermal treatment interstation every placement positioning, so that promote heat treatment operation and from foundry goods, remove core.The nozzle platform number of placing along the thermal treatment platform can change according to the core print or the design of foundry goods.In the corresponding known or aligned position in the known calibration position of the interior foundry goods of saddle that each nozzle platform or assembly 41 included series of spray nozzles 42 are installed and are positioned at and just therefrom pass.Number of nozzle in each nozzle platform can change according to the core print of foundry goods, and the dissimilar foundry goods that have different core designs so just can be used the nozzle of arbitrarily different settings or quantity at each nozzle platform.Usually control nozzle by the Controlling System of an energy Long-distance Control, so that can engage or throw off each nozzle that is positioned at different spray nozzles platform place according to the design of foundry goods of passing the thermal treatment platform or core print.
Each nozzle 42 is installed in a predetermined position and/or orientation usually, and according to the known calibration position of saddle medium casting form with core hole or import or core print in one or align with one group of core hole in mould.The hot high pressure circulation of supplying for each nozzle often comprises air, deep fat, salt, water or other known fluid, and usually near 1,000FPM is introduced to the core opening part to about 15 under the high pressure of 000FPM, although also can be according to the higher or lower pressure of specific foundry goods situation employing.Be applied to pressure fluid on the foundry goods by nozzle and tend to impact or touch core in the foundry goods, so that the matrix material that makes core is to small part cracking or fragmentation.When core by fluid breakup or when dispersing, the core sand of core can tend to utilize fluid to reclaim the passage of core sand by foundry goods and be removed from foundry goods or clear up by core hole or import.
The nozzle 42 of each nozzle assembly or nozzle platform 41 can also be adjusted to different nozzle locations according to the feature of foundry goods, and same fluidic pressure also can be conditioned.For example can move automatically or localized nozzle can be realized the remote adjustment nozzle by using.Equally also can have different temperature according to the section in the thermal treatment platform at the nozzle place of dispersing fluid from the fluid of nozzle, like this fluid will be not can the negative influence foundry goods by thermal treatment that heat treatment furnace or platform carried out.In addition, the nozzle of each nozzle platform can move between each position, comprise from a rest position and move to an application site, perhaps between the several application position, move, and can be towards core hole or import when each different zone or platform in case foundry goods moves to the thermal treatment platform, cause that core is broken and from foundry goods, remove and be used for core is removed so that there is strategy ground that the flow of high-pressure fluid of heat is guided to different core apertures or import.Like this, in heat treatment furnace or platform, use the nozzle platform can improve and make more effectively when the thermal treatment foundry goods, and help the sand material is retrieved to reuse from core core broken and removal from each foundry goods.
As shown in Figure 1, after each foundry goods was finished thermal treatment and removed core, quenching platform 45 is removed and moved on to usually to each foundry goods from thermal treatment platform 40.Quenching platform 45 generally includes one and is filled with the quenching tank that can immerse the cooling fluid that wherein cools off and quench as water or other known foundry goods.The function of the specific heat of normally formed foundry goods of the volume of quenching tank and size and metal or metal alloy, specific heat comprise foundry goods and the heated temperature of each foundry goods.Alternative, the quenching platform can comprise a series of air nozzles, is used for refrigerative air spray to the foundry goods that quenches.
An alternative embodiment of the invention has illustrated that shown in Fig. 4-8B, foundry goods is thermal treatment in mould.As shown in Figure 4, in the embodiment of castingprocesses 50, on cast or casting platform 52, molten metal or alloy M are injected in the mould 51.Shown in Fig. 4-5B, mould 51 in this embodiment generally includes the sandbox pattern tool of making by as cast iron or analogous material, it perhaps can be the green sand mold mould that the known in the prior art sand material that is mixed with organic binder bond is made, and generally include an interior chamber, form foundry goods 53 (Fig. 6-8B) within it.
Each mould generally includes a core 54, and as shown in Figure 7, core is formed by the sand material that is mixed with organic binder bond usually, form in the foundry goods that is used in mould, forming the hole and or core hole or import, and be used to form foundry goods details or core pattern.Mould 51 in this embodiment, also comprise port or die entrance 56 (Fig. 4-5B), its can be around the mould optional, desired position or the local sidewall 57 that forms and extend through mould 51, (foundry goods 53 that forms in Fig. 6-8B) provides access, and comes directly heat to be applied to foundry goods in the mould and core is broken and remove so that for mould.
The heating unit of side such as hot-air blower or other suitable gas or electrically heated mechanism 58 (Fig. 4) is arranged near pouring platform or the casting platform 52, with energy preheated mold when guiding to molten metal M in the mould.Alternately the place at mould foundry goods place in contiguous mould can be formed with cavity, wherein, can hold the gas of heating, and deep fat or other heating medium are used for preheated mold and the further foundry goods in the heating mould.Normally, according to the thermal treatment temp of the required formation foundry goods of metal or alloy, the temperature that mould and die preheating to is required is for just 400-600 degree centigrade in aluminium.Mould and die preheating is tended to: when pouring platform is sent out mould substantially with mould in the temperature of the foundry goods that forms remain on the heat treating castings temperature or near and make its further minimum heat losses; When solidifying, foundry goods at least in part foundry goods is heat-treated; Thereby and, foundry goods strengthens thermal treatment to foundry goods by reducing heat treatment time because need not significantly to be reheated the required temperature levels of thermal treatment.
After this, each mould 51 will be in case will be sent to loading bench 61 from casting platform or pouring platform 52 by a mould transfer mechanism 59 after having loaded melting material M.This mould transfer mechanism 59 generally includes one and is used for mould is carried the existing transfer mechanism of automatic machine, capstan winch, conveying belt or other type from the mould of toppling over platform and being sent to loading bench.This transfer mechanism is positioned at each mould in the known predetermined calibration position at loading bench place, and the x of this mould, y, z coordinate were in before thermal treatment in known orientation or the location.
In a most preferred embodiment of the present invention, above-mentioned mould is understood shift-in subsequently usually and is passed thermal treatment platform 62, so that at least in part foundry goods is heat-treated and broken and remove core down.As mentioned above, thermal treatment platform 62 generally includes a heat treatment furnace that is generally the geseous fuel process furnace, and this heat treatment furnace has a series of processing section or treatment chamber, is used for heating mould so that at least in part the foundry goods of " in the mould " is heat-treated.The number of wherein handling section or treatment chamber can be divided into many as far as possible or the least possible section according to handled foundry goods in each is used.In addition, in mould foundry goods is proceeded to after the thermal treatment of small part, this foundry goods can be removed and pass a thermal treatment platform from its mould, so that continue thermal treatment, remove core and reclaim core sand possibly.
In United States Patent (USP) the 5th, 294,994; 5,565,046 and 5,738, a kind of following heat treatment furnace is disclosed in No. 162, when promptly this heat treatment furnace can remain on " in the mould " at this foundry goods to foundry goods heat-treat, in this foundry goods partial crushing and/or take out core at least, perhaps continue thermal treatment, remove core and reclaim core sand possibly.This paper will be with reference in conjunction with these publications.Disclose the another kind of heat treatment furnace that uses with the present invention in No. the 09/313rd, 111, the U.S. Patent application of on May 17th, 1999 application, this paper equally also will be with reference to quoting the disclosure thing.These are handled stoves and can both be when foundry goods still is retained in the foundry goods reclaim core sand the heat treating castings process from the core of the foundry goods that takes off by die inlet.
Shown in Fig. 4-5B, thermal treatment platform 62 also generally includes a succession of nozzle platform 63 or assembly that all is equipped with plurality of nozzles 64.The nozzle of each nozzle platform be positioned at usually a known predetermined position and/or with mould 51 on the orientation that aligns of known location of a few or some group imports 56.The number of the number of nozzle platform and each nozzle platform upper spray nozzle can change as required, so that with variable degree and/or quantity to mold heated, thereby the foundry goods in it is heat-treated, thereby and realize that control is to mould with to the heating of foundry goods and adjust heating to the different steps of heat treating castings.
Each nozzle is all supplied a kind of heating fluid stream or air-flow usually, and shown in Fig. 5 A and 5B, this hot-fluid is directed on the mould, normally is directed into a particular mold import or one group of die inlet place of each mould.This fluid medium that is applied on the nozzle generally includes water, air, deep fat, salt or other known fluid, these fluids are high pressure and the differing temps that is in heating mould, at foundry goods during, be controlled so as to consistent with the different heat treatment stage by the temperature of the hot-fluid that pin applied through the different spray nozzles platform of Overheating Treatment platform.Guide the progressive die tool also to impel the binding agent of foundry goods core to break easily usually hot-fluid by die inlet; so that when thermal treatment, make core to small part decompose and from foundry goods, remove and/or take out, and the core sand material of removing can the flow through molds import when discharging fluid.In addition, this mould also may be opened through the nozzle platform time simultaneously at least in part, so that hot-fluid is applied on foundry goods and the core hole, thereby heat-treats and remove core.
Except making foundry goods through the series of spray nozzles platform, described nozzle platform comprise be installed in align with the mould known location or corresponding fixed position on and align with the die inlet known location thus, also mould may be maintained a nozzle platform or on a fixed cast position at pouring platform place, so that apply hot-fluid.In such an embodiment, nozzle 64 ' (Fig. 5 A and 5B) can be operated by automatic machine usually, thereby can move between a series of predetermined fluid application or nozzle location shown in arrow 66 and 67 among Fig. 5 A and the 5B.When nozzle 64 ' moves around mould with arrow 66 and 67 directions, they are applied to a high pressure hot-fluid F on the mould, usually be directed to and import 56, so as the temperature of mould to be improved and the temperature of enough metal founding being heat-treated when maintaining the foundry goods molten metal and solidifying in.In case on pouring platform or the mould transfer mechanism with mould location or when being placed on the loading bench, the various application of movable nozzle or nozzle location are usually according to mould and be determined or set according to known x, y and the z coordinate of its import thus.
In the alternate embodiment of the thermal treatment platform shown in Fig. 6-8B, the nozzle platform can be replenished by additional thermal chamber or substitute, and is supplied or is directed at this thermal chamber self-energy to raise on the mould and die temperature is maintained the required temperature of heat treating castings.In first embodiment of thermal chamber 70, as shown in Figure 6, mould or sand mold 51 are placed on a conveying belt or the transfer mechanism 71 usually, so that heating chamber 70 is passed in motion shown in arrow 72.This heating chamber 70 normally elongated furnace chamber with insulative base, side and top also comprises a radiation energy 73 as shown in Figure 6.This radiation energy is installed in the top of heating chamber 70 usually, but those skilled in the art person it will be appreciated that also they move when passing heating chamber 70 on conveying belt or transfer mechanism, this radiation energy also can be installed in the side, also can use a plurality of radiation energies to be installed in mould side wall, top and/or below.Usually, radiation energy is the radiation energy of infrared emitter or other type.
This radiation energy usually will about 400-650 degree centigrade radiant heat be directed on the mould that passes heating chamber, normally shown in arrow 74, be directed to the side and/or the top of each mould.This mould is accepted one required period of radiation energy with its foundry goods thus, and this time decides according to the metal of thermal treatment foundry goods.This quantity of radiant energy is absorbed by mould usually, thereby correspondingly improves the temperature of mould, so that outside internally heating mould and foundry goods thereof.
Fig. 7 is illustrated in another alternate embodiment of the employed heating chamber 80 of thermal treatment in the mould of the present invention.Shown in 7, this heating chamber 80 normally one have insulative base, top and lateral elongated stove and comprise that one is used to make mould and foundry goods thereof to pass conveying belt or other transfer mechanism 84 of this heating chamber 80 with arrow 82 directions.This heating chamber 80 also comprises an induction energy 83 that mould or casting mold is applied thus inductive energy to the core 53 and 54 of foundry goods and Qi Nei.This induction energy can comprise electrically-conductive coil, microwave energy or other known induction energy or producer usually, and is identical with radiation energy among Fig. 6, and this induction energy can be placed on the top of mould top heating chamber 80 along the heating chamber both sides, perhaps is placed on both sides.This induction energy can produce high energy magnetic wave field shown in arrow 84, this magnetic wave field is directed into mould 51 tops and/or both sides and has one or more preset frequencies that can be absorbed by core 54, so that rising core and casting temperature and come correspondingly the foundry goods in the mould to be heat-treated by from inside to outside heating foundry goods and mould.
Fig. 8 A and 8B illustrate in the present invention another alternate embodiment of the heating chamber 90 that uses, thereby are applied to foundry goods on the mould and improve its temperature by the energy is applied to, so that foundry goods is realized " in the mould " thermal treatment.In this embodiment, mould generally includes sand mold and fills mould (sandmold pack type dies), can certainly be sandbox pattern tool (flask type molds).Shown in Fig. 8 A and 8B, the normally elongated heating chamber of heating chamber comprises being used for conveying belt or transfer mechanism 91 that the mould 51 of interior dress foundry goods 53 is carried along the direction of arrow 92.When mould and foundry goods moved through heating chamber 90, they passed low flow velocity oxygen chamber 93.The oxygen chamber generally includes high pressure upstream side 94 and low pressure downstream side 96, and these both sides are toward each other to help the oxygen flow through molds.As described in arrow 97 (Fig. 8 A) and arrow 97 ' (Fig. 8 B), when described mould passed the low flow velocity oxygen chamber of heating chamber 90, the oxygen of heating was introduced to and passes described mould or fills mould.When described oxygen flow through molds or fill mould from the high pressure side of oxygen chamber take out to or when flowing to the low pressure side, the binding agent burning of part of oxygen and mould weighting material and core, thus promote the burning of the interior matrix material of heating chamber.As a result, mould weighting material and its foundry goods further are provided matrix material and improve the energy that burning is provided, thereby improve the temperature of the foundry goods in the mould weighting material, and the binding agent of broken mould weighting material and core are to be easy to remove and reclaim core simultaneously.As described in Fig. 8 A and 8B, according to the size and the structure of heating chamber, the oxygen chamber of low flow velocity can be orientated to vertical direction (as Fig. 8 A) or horizontal direction (as Fig. 8 B), is used to force hot oxygen by the mould weighting material.
In addition, also can improve the temperature of mould or sand mo(u)ld weighting material and come foundry goods in the mould is heat-treated, be reduced in molten metal simultaneously, the potential heat transmission loss between die surface and the air by being provided with the energy in the inside of mould own.In a such embodiment, mould is formed with chamber or chamber near near the inner chamber that forms foundry goods.For example deep fat, water or other the heating fluid medium that can keep heat are fed into the mould structure that is contained in these chambers.These heating fluids tend to increase and help the temperature of foundry goods to remain on the needed desirable level of thermal treatment.
As the result who energy is applied to mould or mould weighting material itself, mould is heated to the ideal temperature, and remains on temperature required to the heat treating castings that forms in it when the molten metal of foundry goods solidifies.After just being injected into molten metal in the mould, the foundry goods metal is enhanced temperature usually and is stabilized in the thermal treatment temp place, such foundry goods was cut to alap about 50 minutes the process period that thermal treatment can be required with the thermal treatment foundry goods significantly in mould from 250 minutes, thereby the thermal treatment of foundry goods can be carried out in the very short for some time after molten metal is injected into mould.If you are using, the thermal treatment temp that die temperature is brought up to the thermal treatment foundry goods also improved core and or sand mo(u)ld break and with the burning of its incendivity binding agent so that further reduce required time of sand mold in thermal treatment and removal and recovery core and the casting process.
After the thermal treatment, the thermal treatment that other warm table is finished foundry goods is as required removed and moved to foundry goods to foundry goods in the mould usually from mould in thermal treatment platform 62, and remove core and possibly with the sand salvage material of core.Foundry goods moves to quenching platform 100 then and quenches and cool off foundry goods.Alternately, as shown in Figure 4, foundry goods shifts out and directly is sent to the quenching platform from mould.Quenching platform 100 generally includes a quenching tank that is filled with cooling fluid (as water or other cooling material), but should also have a series of nozzles as 101 indications among Fig. 4 by the quenching platform, is used for cooling fluid (as air or water) is applied to foundry goods.In near the contiguous auxiliary quenching apparatus of pouring platform, also can quench, thereby cycling time and thermal distortion can be minimized, set and handle the molten metal material in the mould.
After the thermal treatment of finishing foundry goods and removing core, foundry goods can be removed from mould, then in the quenching tank of dip quench platform so that at further first being processed cooling foundry goods, and from foundry goods, remove shakeout and reclaim for future use.In addition, shown in the dotted line of Fig. 4, also mould directly can be sent to the quenching platform from pouring platform.For example, will be from the mold heated of pouring platform to being near the thermal treatment temp of coming the thermal treatment foundry goods pouring platform, mould can directly be sent to the quenching platform.
Correspondingly, in a single day the present invention has reduced or eliminated the needs of further thermal treatment foundry goods when removing foundry goods from mould, this foundry goods will be heated quenching effect in the mould that solid solution heat-up time (solutionheating time) is provided and is cooled to provide essential, so that reduce the quantity of the thermal treatment/process period that forms metal founding significantly.The present invention is also by guiding fluid stream into be in the predetermined position foundry goods, and this predetermined position is corresponding in the known orientation or the position of mould foundry goods and mould thereof when passing the thermal treatment platform,
It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art and above-mentionedly the present invention has been discussed, in not exceeding the described spirit and scope of following claim, can make various distortion, improve and change with reference to accompanying drawing.
Claims (17)
1. the method for a processing metal foundry goods comprises:
For a mould provides the foundry goods core pattern;
Mould and die preheating is handled the temperature of foundry goods metal to being enough to portion of hot at least;
Molten metal is toppled in the progressive die tool;
At least portion of hot is handled metal in the mould forming a foundry goods that has core spare within it, thereby limits the core opening in metal founding; With
Core is removed from foundry goods.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Several core openings are alignd with first several nozzles; With
To guide to the core opening from the fluid stream of first several nozzles.
3. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, also comprises,
Several core openings are alignd with second several nozzles; With
To guide to the core opening from the fluid stream of second several nozzles.
4. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the step that core import and first several nozzles are aligned comprises foundry goods is positioned at first location that the X of its medium casting, Y, Z axle are in the known first orientation, and several core openings align with first several nozzles at least.
5. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Foundry goods is removed from mould;
Foundry goods is positioned at first location, and the X of its medium casting, Y, Z axle are oriented in the known first orientation, and several core openings align with first several nozzles at least;
Utilize first several nozzles that fluid is guided on the foundry goods, at least in part core is removed from foundry goods;
Foundry goods is positioned at the second position, and the X of its medium casting, Y, Z axle are oriented in the known second orientation that is different from first orientation, and several core openings align with second several nozzles at least;
Utilize second several nozzles that fluid is guided to foundry goods.
6. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the step of portion of hot processing foundry goods also comprises at least:
Mould and foundry goods are remained on a known position;
Several nozzles are moved to first nozzle location around mould;
Utilize nozzle to apply heat from foundry goods, to remove core at least in part to mould;
At least a portion in several nozzles is moved to second nozzle location; With
Also utilize nozzle heat to be applied on the mould with the foundry goods in the further thermal treatment mould at second nozzle location.
7. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described metal comprises aluminium, and pre-heating step comprises the temperature of mould and die preheating to 400-600 ℃ of scope.
8. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, comprises that also the temperature with mould remains in enough temperature ranges at least in part foundry goods metal heat treatmet time enough is finished the thermal treatment of foundry goods metal.
9. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises described foundry goods is moved through several nozzle platforms, and wherein each nozzle platform is provided with several nozzles.
10. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, core is formed by sand, and comprises that utilization removes the sand that core reclaims core from foundry goods.
11. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises the described foundry goods that quenches.
12. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that also comprising: fluid stream is guided to foundry goods at least a portion with broken mould.
13. method as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that, above-mentioned fluid stream is selected from air, water and deep fat.
14. method as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that, above-mentioned guiding fluid stream comprises under high pressure liquid flow is directed on the foundry goods.
15. method as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that, above-mentioned mould comprises a core, wherein fluid stream is guided to foundry goods comprises broken core with the step of at least a portion of broken mould at least a portion.
16. method as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that, also comprises mould is placed on the thermal treatment platform foundry goods in the mould is heat-treated, the position that foundry goods is aligned in is that limit, demarcate.
17. method as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that, mould is placed on the thermal treatment platform also comprise:
Foundry goods is placed on the calibration position, and several core openings of foundry goods are aligned in a known predetermined orientation, and the core opening is alignd with several nozzles;
With on fluid stream is from the nozzle guide to the foundry goods and in the foundry goods.
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US14639099P | 1999-07-29 | 1999-07-29 | |
| US60/146,390 | 1999-07-29 | ||
| US15090199P | 1999-08-26 | 1999-08-26 | |
| US60/150,901 | 1999-08-26 | ||
| US20274000P | 2000-05-10 | 2000-05-10 | |
| US60/202,740 | 2000-05-10 |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100789682A Division CN1315601C (en) | 1999-07-29 | 2000-07-27 | Methods and apparatus for heat treatment and sand removal for castings |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1364104A CN1364104A (en) | 2002-08-14 |
| CN1172760C true CN1172760C (en) | 2004-10-27 |
Family
ID=27386393
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB008108358A Expired - Fee Related CN1172760C (en) | 1999-07-29 | 2000-07-27 | Heat treatment and sand removal for castings |
| CNB2004100789682A Expired - Fee Related CN1315601C (en) | 1999-07-29 | 2000-07-27 | Methods and apparatus for heat treatment and sand removal for castings |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100789682A Expired - Fee Related CN1315601C (en) | 1999-07-29 | 2000-07-27 | Methods and apparatus for heat treatment and sand removal for castings |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1225993B1 (en) |
| JP (2) | JP3817476B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100805514B1 (en) |
| CN (2) | CN1172760C (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE397986T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU781487B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2391349C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE60039180D1 (en) |
| HK (2) | HK1048085B (en) |
| MX (1) | MXPA02000936A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001008836A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106536083A (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2017-03-22 | 弗里茨温特铸造有限及两合公司 | Method for casting castings |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US6622775B2 (en) | 2000-05-10 | 2003-09-23 | Consolidated Engineering Company, Inc. | Method and apparatus for assisting removal of sand moldings from castings |
| ATE556155T1 (en) * | 2001-02-02 | 2012-05-15 | Cons Eng Co Inc | METHOD FOR PRODUCING AND HEAT TREATING A MULTIPLE OF METAL CASTINGS |
| WO2004007120A1 (en) * | 2002-07-11 | 2004-01-22 | Consolidated Engineering Company, Inc. | Method and apparatus for assisting removal of sand moldings from castings |
| JP2005532911A (en) * | 2002-07-11 | 2005-11-04 | コンソリデイテッド エンジニアリング カンパニー， インコーポレイテッド | Method and apparatus for assisting removal of sand mold from castings |
| JP2006504531A (en) * | 2002-08-08 | 2006-02-09 | コンソリデイテッド エンジニアリング カンパニー， インコーポレイテッド | Method and apparatus for heat treatment and sand removal for castings |
| CN1976772B (en) * | 2004-06-28 | 2011-12-14 | 联合工程公司 | Method and apparatus for removal of flashing and blockages from a casting |
| US20060103059A1 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2006-05-18 | Crafton Scott P | High pressure heat treatment system |
| RU2635598C2 (en) | 2013-09-04 | 2017-11-14 | Немак, С.А.Б. Де К.В. | Method for extraction of soft alloy billet from casting mould |
| CN104493100B (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2016-12-07 | 安徽省恒泰动力科技有限公司 | A kind of flusher of casting water dissolved salt core |
| CN104985113B (en) * | 2015-08-12 | 2017-04-12 | 苏州明志科技有限公司 | Sand mould casting sand shakeout, heat treatment and sand regeneration integrated device |
| CN107737883A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-02-27 | 太仓格瑞斯金属制品有限公司 | A kind of coldplate casting method |
| CN111906292A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2020-11-10 | 潜山县凯创橡塑机械制造有限公司 | Alloy bush production line |
| CN113184555B (en) * | 2021-05-07 | 2022-07-22 | 济南市平阴县玛钢厂 | Casting hardening and tempering integrated process system |
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| US4499940A (en) * | 1983-08-01 | 1985-02-19 | Williams International Corporation | Casting process including making and using an elastomeric pattern |
| JPH0191957A (en) * | 1987-03-03 | 1989-04-11 | Mazda Motor Corp | Heat treatment for casting |
| JPH03465A (en) * | 1989-05-26 | 1991-01-07 | Toyota Motor Corp | Method for removing core |
| US5294094A (en) * | 1989-09-29 | 1994-03-15 | Consolidated Engineering Company | Method and apparatus for heat treating metal castings |
| US5071487A (en) * | 1990-02-16 | 1991-12-10 | Cmi International, Inc. | Method and apparatus for cleaning passageways in metal castings |
| ES2107438T5 (en) * | 1991-05-24 | 2004-04-01 | Consolidated Engineering Company, Inc. | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THERMALLY TREATING METALLIC COLORED PARTS. |
| US5465780A (en) | 1993-11-23 | 1995-11-14 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Laser machining of ceramic cores |
| US5706881A (en) | 1994-05-12 | 1998-01-13 | Howmet Research Corporation | Heat treatment of superalloy casting with partial mold removal |
| US5901775A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1999-05-11 | General Kinematics Corporation | Two-stage heat treating decoring and sand reclamation system |
-
2000
- 2000-07-27 EP EP00952228A patent/EP1225993B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-07-27 JP JP2001513545A patent/JP3817476B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-07-27 CN CNB008108358A patent/CN1172760C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-07-27 CA CA002391349A patent/CA2391349C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-07-27 AT AT00952228T patent/ATE397986T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-07-27 DE DE60039180T patent/DE60039180D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-07-27 AU AU64966/00A patent/AU781487B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2000-07-27 CN CNB2004100789682A patent/CN1315601C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-07-27 KR KR1020027001148A patent/KR100805514B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-07-27 WO PCT/US2000/020466 patent/WO2001008836A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2000-07-27 MX MXPA02000936A patent/MXPA02000936A/en active IP Right Grant
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2003
- 2003-01-08 HK HK03100189.8A patent/HK1048085B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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2005
- 2005-10-25 JP JP2005310562A patent/JP2006061988A/en active Pending
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106536083A (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2017-03-22 | 弗里茨温特铸造有限及两合公司 | Method for casting castings |
| US9890439B2 (en) | 2014-07-30 | 2018-02-13 | Fritz Winter Eisengiesserei Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for casting cast parts |
| CN106536083B (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2018-09-28 | 弗里茨温特铸造有限及两合公司 | method for casting |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU6496600A (en) | 2001-02-19 |
| JP3817476B2 (en) | 2006-09-06 |
| EP1225993A4 (en) | 2004-09-01 |
| CA2391349C (en) | 2009-09-15 |
| DE60039180D1 (en) | 2008-07-24 |
| HK1048085A1 (en) | 2003-03-21 |
| MXPA02000936A (en) | 2002-08-06 |
| AU781487B2 (en) | 2005-05-26 |
| KR100805514B1 (en) | 2008-02-20 |
| CA2391349A1 (en) | 2001-02-08 |
| ATE397986T1 (en) | 2008-07-15 |
| CN1672835A (en) | 2005-09-28 |
| EP1225993A1 (en) | 2002-07-31 |
| HK1048085B (en) | 2005-06-03 |
| JP2003505254A (en) | 2003-02-12 |
| KR20020026552A (en) | 2002-04-10 |
| CN1364104A (en) | 2002-08-14 |
| HK1080784A1 (en) | 2006-05-04 |
| WO2001008836A1 (en) | 2001-02-08 |
| EP1225993B1 (en) | 2008-06-11 |
| CN1315601C (en) | 2007-05-16 |
| JP2006061988A (en) | 2006-03-09 |
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