CN117275116A - Aviation camera system with multiple degrees of freedom image motion compensation function and dual-band sensor - Google Patents
Aviation camera system with multiple degrees of freedom image motion compensation function and dual-band sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN117275116A CN117275116A CN202311218534.7A CN202311218534A CN117275116A CN 117275116 A CN117275116 A CN 117275116A CN 202311218534 A CN202311218534 A CN 202311218534A CN 117275116 A CN117275116 A CN 117275116A
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002789 length control Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C5/00—Registering or indicating the working of vehicles
- G07C5/08—Registering or indicating performance data other than driving, working, idle, or waiting time, with or without registering driving, working, idle or waiting time
- G07C5/0841—Registering performance data
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/20—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof for generating image signals from infrared radiation only
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/45—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof for generating image signals from two or more image sensors being of different type or operating in different modes, e.g. with a CMOS sensor for moving images in combination with a charge-coupled device [CCD] for still images
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/90—Arrangement of cameras or camera modules, e.g. multiple cameras in TV studios or sports stadiums
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/60—Noise processing, e.g. detecting, correcting, reducing or removing noise
- H04N25/616—Noise processing, e.g. detecting, correcting, reducing or removing noise involving a correlated sampling function, e.g. correlated double sampling [CDS] or triple sampling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/60—Noise processing, e.g. detecting, correcting, reducing or removing noise
- H04N25/63—Noise processing, e.g. detecting, correcting, reducing or removing noise applied to dark current
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Abstract
The invention provides an aviation camera system with multiple degrees of freedom image motion compensation function and a dual-band sensor, which are applied to the technical field of aerospace, and the system comprises: the optical window is used for protecting the dual-band sensor; the dual-band sensor is used for imaging a reconnaissance target, converting an optical signal into an electric signal and performing multi-degree-of-freedom image motion compensation; the sensor control system is used for driving the dual-band sensor to work normally; the reconnaissance management system is used for managing the whole aviation reconnaissance camera system; the environment control system is used for analyzing and calculating the environment where the aviation reconnaissance camera is located and calculating the temperature suitable for the current system; the aviation reconnaissance data processing and analyzing system is used for analyzing and processing the image after image motion compensation and displaying the image; and (3) performing target positioning according to GPS data acquired by the time system, generating control signals of the aviation reconnaissance camera system, imaging a reconnaissance target, converting optical signals into electric signals, and realizing multi-degree-of-freedom image motion compensation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aerospace, in particular to an aviation camera system with a multi-degree-of-freedom image motion compensation function and a dual-band sensor.
Background
During the imaging process of the aerial camera, the reconnaissance opportunity is adjusted according to tactical requirements, such as: pitch, yaw, roll, compound motions, and the like. The attitude adjustment and the compound motion change of the carrier can enable an imaging system of an aviation camera on the carrier to generate image shift on an image plane, so that the imaging performance of an optical system is reduced, and even image blurring can be caused when the imaging performance is serious, so that the imaging system cannot be used. Corresponding to different flight attitudes and composite motion states, different image movement tracks can be left on the image plane of the detector of the aerial camera by the image. The image movement with different sizes and directions on the image surface of the detector under different flight attitudes and compound motion states of the carrier is called multi-degree-of-freedom high-dynamic image movement, and the carrier has important technical significance in attitude adjustment and compound motion in flight.
Battlefield is now placing more and more stringent requirements on target detection and identification, however battlefield camouflage poses more serious challenges for target detection, which cannot be met if only single-band imaging is used. With the development of technology and the increasing maturity of optical imaging technology, high-resolution, real-time transmission type infrared cameras also gradually form an equipment system. However, the existing aviation reconnaissance camera does not have a multi-degree-of-freedom image motion compensation function, and the development of the aviation reconnaissance camera is severely restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the invention provides an aviation camera system with a multi-degree-of-freedom image motion compensation function and a dual-band sensor, and aims to solve the problem that an aviation reconnaissance camera does not have the multi-degree-of-freedom image motion compensation function.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides an aerial camera system with multiple degrees of freedom image motion compensation, the system comprising: an optical window, a dual-band sensor, a sensor control system, a reconnaissance management system, a time system, a data recording system, a route planning system, an environment control system and an aviation reconnaissance data processing and analyzing system;
the optical window: for protecting the dual band sensor;
the dual band sensor: the multi-degree-of-freedom image motion compensation device is used for imaging a scout target, converting an optical signal into an electric signal and performing multi-degree-of-freedom image motion compensation;
the sensor control system: the system is used for generating various time sequence pulse signals required by the system, driving the dual-band sensor to work normally, and carrying out correlated double sampling, controllable gain amplification, dark level clamping compensation, analog-to-digital conversion and interface conversion on analog signals generated by the dual-band sensor;
the reconnaissance management system: for managing the entire airborne surveillance camera system;
the time system comprises: the system comprises a detection management system, a GPS data acquisition system and a GPS data acquisition system, wherein the detection management system is used for acquiring GPS data of an aviation detection camera and inputting the acquired GPS data to the detection management system;
the data recording system: for recording image data;
the route planning system: the system is used for calculating and planning an airplane route and inputting data into the reconnaissance management system;
the environmental control system: the system is used for analyzing and calculating the environment where the aviation reconnaissance camera is located, calculating the temperature suitable for the current system and sending data to the reconnaissance management system;
the aviation reconnaissance data processing and analyzing system comprises: the method is used for analyzing, processing and displaying the image after image motion compensation.
Preferably, the dual-band sensor is connected with the optical window and the sensor control system; the sensor control system is connected with the reconnaissance management system; the reconnaissance management system is respectively connected with the time system, the data recording system, the route planning system and the environment control system; the reconnaissance management system is connected with the aviation reconnaissance data processing and analyzing system.
In a second aspect, the present invention also provides an aerial camera dual-band sensor with multiple degrees of freedom image motion compensation function, the dual-band sensor comprising: the sensor comprises a dual-band sensor body module, an azimuth motor drive, a pitching motor drive, a rolling motor and a rolling motor drive;
the azimuth motor: the dual-band sensor body module is used for controlling the dual-band sensor body module to perform azimuth movement and compensating image shift generated in azimuth direction;
the azimuth motor drives: the motor is used for driving the azimuth motor to move;
the pitching motor comprises: the sensor body module is used for controlling the dual-band sensor body module to perform pitching motion and compensating image movement generated in the pitching direction;
the pitch motor drives: the pitching motor is used for driving the pitching motor to move;
the roll motor: the dual-band sensor body module is used for controlling the dual-band sensor body module to perform rolling motion and compensating image shift generated in the rolling direction;
the roll motor drives: and the motor is used for driving the pitching motor to move.
Preferably, the azimuth motor is respectively in driving connection with the dual-band sensor body module and the azimuth motor; the pitching motor is respectively connected with the dual-band sensor body module and the pitching motor in a driving way; the roll motor is respectively connected with the dual-band sensor body module and the roll motor in a driving way.
Preferably, the dual-band sensor body module comprises a common-caliber optical system, a visible light detector, a visible light focal length control system, an infrared detector and an infrared focal length control system;
common aperture optical system: the device is used for simultaneously receiving target information in the optical paths of the infrared wave band and the visible wave band;
visible light detector: for capturing optical signals in the visible spectrum and converting into electrical signals;
visible light focal length control system: for controlling the focal length of the visible light detector;
an infrared detector: the infrared detection spectrum band image acquisition device is used for capturing an infrared detection spectrum band image and converting the infrared detection spectrum band image into an electric signal;
an infrared focal length control system: for controlling the focal length of the infrared detector.
Preferably, the common aperture optical system is respectively connected with the visible light detector and the infrared detector; the visible light detector is connected with the visible light focal length control system; the infrared detector is connected with the infrared focal length control system.
The aviation camera system with the multi-degree-of-freedom image motion compensation function and the dual-band sensor have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:
(1) The invention images the reconnaissance target through an optical window, a dual-band sensor, a sensor control system, a reconnaissance management system, a timing system, a data recording system, a route planning system, an environment control system and an aviation reconnaissance data processing and analyzing system in an aviation camera system, converts an optical signal into an electric signal and realizes multi-degree-of-freedom image motion compensation;
(2) According to the invention, through the dual-band sensor body module, the azimuth motor drive, the pitching motor drive, the rolling motor and the rolling motor drive in the dual-band sensor, target information is received in the optical paths of the infrared and visible light wave bands at the same time, so that the focal lengths of the two wave bands are the same, and the simultaneous observation, the synchronous tracking and the synchronous measurement of the two wave bands are realized; the azimuth motor, the pitching motor and the rolling motor respectively compensate the image shift generated by the azimuth movement, the image shift generated by the pitching movement and the image shift generated by the rolling movement, so that the multi-degree-of-freedom image shift generated by the aviation reconnaissance camera can be compensated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is evident that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an aerial camera system with multiple degrees of freedom image motion compensation function according to embodiment 1 of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of image displacement of multiple degrees of freedom of aviation and a schematic view of image displacement of multiple degrees of freedom of a target surface according to embodiment 1 of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an aerial camera dual-band sensor with multiple degrees of freedom image motion compensation function according to embodiment 2 of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the present application, a more complete description of the present application will now be provided with reference to the relevant figures. Preferred embodiments of the present application are shown in the accompanying drawings. This application may, however, be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of an aerial camera system with multiple degrees of freedom image motion compensation function according to embodiment 1 of the present application is shown; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the system comprises an optical window, a dual-band sensor, a sensor control system, a reconnaissance management system, a time system, a data recording system, a route planning system, an environment control system and an aviation reconnaissance data processing and analyzing system;
the optical window: for protecting the dual band sensor;
the dual band sensor: the multi-degree-of-freedom image motion compensation device is used for imaging a scout target, converting an optical signal into an electric signal and performing multi-degree-of-freedom image motion compensation;
the sensor control system: the system is used for generating various time sequence pulse signals required by the system, driving the dual-band sensor to work normally, and carrying out correlated double sampling, controllable gain amplification, dark level clamping compensation, analog-to-digital conversion and interface conversion on analog signals generated by the dual-band sensor;
the reconnaissance management system: for managing the entire airborne surveillance camera system;
the time system comprises: the system comprises a detection management system, a GPS data acquisition system and a GPS data acquisition system, wherein the detection management system is used for acquiring GPS data of an aviation detection camera and inputting the acquired GPS data to the detection management system;
the data recording system: for recording image data;
the route planning system: the system is used for calculating and planning an airplane route and inputting data into the reconnaissance management system;
the environmental control system: the system is used for analyzing and calculating the environment where the aviation reconnaissance camera is located, calculating the temperature suitable for the current system and sending data to the reconnaissance management system;
the aviation reconnaissance data processing and analyzing system comprises: the method is used for analyzing, processing and displaying the image after image motion compensation.
In this embodiment, a connection relationship of an aerial camera system will be described in detail.
The dual-band sensor is connected with the optical window and the sensor control system; the sensor control system is connected with the reconnaissance management system; the reconnaissance management system is respectively connected with the time system, the data recording system, the route planning system and the environment control system; the reconnaissance management system is connected with the aviation reconnaissance data processing and analyzing system.
It can be understood that the environment control system calculates the temperature suitable for the current system and sends the data to the reconnaissance management system; the aviation reconnaissance data processing and analyzing system is used for analyzing and processing the image after image motion compensation and displaying the image for a user to analyze and browse; the reconnaissance management system mainly has the following functions: distributing the data processed by the sensor control system, transmitting the image data to the data recording system and the aviation reconnaissance data processing and analyzing system, stabilizing the whole aviation reconnaissance camera system at a proper temperature according to the data calculated by the environment control system, planning a route according to the data generated by the route planning system, performing target positioning according to the GPS data acquired by the time system, and simultaneously generating control signals of the aviation reconnaissance camera system, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: dimming, focusing, power switches, etc.
Referring to fig. 2, an aviation multi-degree-of-freedom image shift diagram and a target multi-degree-of-freedom image shift diagram of embodiment 1 of the present application are shown; corresponding to different flight attitudes, different image movement tracks can be left on the target surface by the images. In the reconnaissance process, a reconnaissance aircraft is required to fly at a high speed and a low altitude for avoiding the surveillance of an enemy radar, the battlefield survivability and the depth reconnaissance surveillance ability of the aircraft are greatly improved by flying at a low altitude and a high speed, but severe image shift occurs on the target surface of aerial imaging at this time, so that aerial imaging is blurred, the imaging quality of a camera is greatly influenced by the existence of the image shift, and the resolution of aerial images is obviously reduced. When the image shift exists, the contour of the shot target is unclear, a larger or smaller transition area exists between the target and the surrounding background, the transition area expands along with the increase of the image shift, and when the transition area reaches a certain degree, the imaging of two adjacent targets is overlapped with each other and cannot be distinguished. Besides forward flight, the flight attitude of the reconnaissance aircraft can be adjusted according to technical requirements, such as: pitch, yaw and roll, and compound multiple degree of freedom motions.
In summary, in embodiment 1 of the present application, through an optical window, a dual-band sensor, a sensor control system, a scout management system, a time system, a data recording system, a line planning system, an environmental control system, and an aviation scout data processing and analyzing system in an aviation camera system, data processed by the sensor control system is distributed, image data is transmitted to the data recording system and the aviation scout data processing and analyzing system, the whole aviation scout camera system is stabilized at a suitable temperature according to data calculated by the environmental control system, line planning is performed according to data generated by the line planning system, target positioning is performed according to GPS data acquired by the time system, and meanwhile, an aviation scout camera system control signal is generated, a scout target is imaged, and an optical signal is converted into an electrical signal, thereby implementing multi-degree-of-freedom image motion compensation.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 3, a schematic structural diagram of an aerial camera dual-band sensor with multiple degrees of freedom image motion compensation function according to embodiment 2 of the present application is shown; the dual band sensor includes: the sensor comprises a dual-band sensor body module, an azimuth motor drive, a pitching motor drive, a rolling motor and a rolling motor drive;
the azimuth motor: the dual-band sensor body module is used for controlling the dual-band sensor body module to perform azimuth movement and compensating image shift generated in azimuth direction;
the azimuth motor drives: the motor is used for driving the azimuth motor to move;
the pitching motor comprises: the sensor body module is used for controlling the dual-band sensor body module to perform pitching motion and compensating image movement generated in the pitching direction;
the pitch motor drives: the pitching motor is used for driving the pitching motor to move;
the roll motor: the dual-band sensor body module is used for controlling the dual-band sensor body module to perform rolling motion and compensating image shift generated in the rolling direction;
the roll motor drives: and the motor is used for driving the pitching motor to move.
In this embodiment, the dual-band sensor body module includes a common-caliber optical system, a visible light detector, a visible light focal length control system, an infrared detector, and an infrared focal length control system;
common aperture optical system: the device is used for simultaneously receiving target information in the optical paths of the infrared wave band and the visible wave band;
visible light detector: for capturing optical signals in the visible spectrum and converting into electrical signals;
visible light focal length control system: for controlling the focal length of the visible light detector;
an infrared detector: the infrared detection spectrum band image acquisition device is used for capturing an infrared detection spectrum band image and converting the infrared detection spectrum band image into an electric signal;
an infrared focal length control system: for controlling the focal length of the infrared detector.
It can be understood that the common aperture optical system receives target information in the optical paths of the infrared wave band and the visible light wave band simultaneously, so that the focal lengths of the two wave bands are the same, and the simultaneous observation, the synchronous tracking and the synchronous measurement of the two wave bands are realized; the azimuth motor, the pitching motor and the rolling motor respectively compensate the image shift generated by the azimuth movement, the image shift generated by the pitching movement and the image shift generated by the rolling movement, so that the multi-degree-of-freedom image shift generated by the aviation reconnaissance camera can be compensated.
The connection relation in the dual-band sensor is described in detail:
the azimuth motor is respectively connected with the dual-band sensor body module and the azimuth motor in a driving way; the pitching motor is respectively connected with the dual-band sensor body module and the pitching motor in a driving way; the roll motor is respectively connected with the dual-band sensor body module and the roll motor in a driving way;
the common-caliber optical system is respectively connected with the visible light detector and the infrared detector; the visible light detector is connected with the visible light focal length control system; the infrared detector is connected with the infrared focal length control system.
In summary, in embodiment 2 of the present application, the dual-band sensor body module, the azimuth motor drive, the pitch motor drive, the roll motor, and the roll motor drive in the dual-band sensor are used to simultaneously receive the target information in the optical paths of the two infrared and visible light bands, so that the focal lengths of the two bands are the same, and the simultaneous observation, the synchronous tracking and the synchronous measurement of the two bands are realized; the azimuth motor, the pitching motor and the rolling motor respectively compensate the image shift generated by the azimuth movement, the image shift generated by the pitching movement and the image shift generated by the rolling movement, so that the multi-degree-of-freedom image shift generated by the aviation reconnaissance camera can be compensated.
The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The foregoing examples only represent preferred embodiments of the present application, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it would be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements could be made without departing from the spirit of the present application, which would be within the scope of the present application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the claims appended hereto.
Claims (6)
1. An aerial camera system with multiple degrees of freedom image motion compensation function, the system comprising: an optical window, a dual-band sensor, a sensor control system, a reconnaissance management system, a time system, a data recording system, a route planning system, an environment control system and an aviation reconnaissance data processing and analyzing system;
the optical window: for protecting the dual band sensor;
the dual band sensor: the multi-degree-of-freedom image motion compensation device is used for imaging a scout target, converting an optical signal into an electric signal and performing multi-degree-of-freedom image motion compensation;
the sensor control system: the system is used for generating various time sequence pulse signals required by the system, driving the dual-band sensor to work normally, and carrying out correlated double sampling, controllable gain amplification, dark level clamping compensation, analog-to-digital conversion and interface conversion on analog signals generated by the dual-band sensor;
the reconnaissance management system: for managing the entire airborne surveillance camera system;
the time system comprises: the system comprises a detection management system, a GPS data acquisition system and a GPS data acquisition system, wherein the detection management system is used for acquiring GPS data of an aviation detection camera and inputting the acquired GPS data to the detection management system;
the data recording system: for recording image data;
the route planning system: the system is used for calculating and planning an airplane route and inputting data into the reconnaissance management system;
the environmental control system: the system is used for analyzing and calculating the environment where the aviation reconnaissance camera is located, calculating the temperature suitable for the current system and sending data to the reconnaissance management system;
the aviation reconnaissance data processing and analyzing system comprises: the method is used for analyzing, processing and displaying the image after image motion compensation.
2. The multiple degree of freedom image motion compensation function of claim 1 wherein the dual band sensor is coupled to the optical window, the sensor control system; the sensor control system is connected with the reconnaissance management system; the reconnaissance management system is respectively connected with the time system, the data recording system, the route planning system and the environment control system; the reconnaissance management system is connected with the aviation reconnaissance data processing and analyzing system.
3. The utility model provides an aviation camera dual band sensor of multi freedom image motion compensation function which characterized in that, dual band sensor includes: the sensor comprises a dual-band sensor body module, an azimuth motor drive, a pitching motor drive, a rolling motor and a rolling motor drive;
the azimuth motor: the dual-band sensor body module is used for controlling the dual-band sensor body module to perform azimuth movement and compensating image shift generated in azimuth direction;
the azimuth motor drives: the motor is used for driving the azimuth motor to move;
the pitching motor comprises: the sensor body module is used for controlling the dual-band sensor body module to perform pitching motion and compensating image movement generated in the pitching direction;
the pitch motor drives: the pitching motor is used for driving the pitching motor to move;
the roll motor: the dual-band sensor body module is used for controlling the dual-band sensor body module to perform rolling motion and compensating image shift generated in the rolling direction;
the roll motor drives: and the motor is used for driving the pitching motor to move.
4. The dual-band sensor of an aerial camera with multiple degrees of freedom image motion compensation according to claim 3, wherein the azimuth motor is respectively in driving connection with the dual-band sensor body module and the azimuth motor; the pitching motor is respectively connected with the dual-band sensor body module and the pitching motor in a driving way; the roll motor is respectively connected with the dual-band sensor body module and the roll motor in a driving way.
5. The dual-band sensor of an aerial camera with multiple degrees of freedom image motion compensation function of claim 3 wherein the dual-band sensor body module comprises a common aperture optical system, a visible light detector, a visible light focal length control system, an infrared detector and an infrared focal length control system;
common aperture optical system: the device is used for simultaneously receiving target information in the optical paths of the infrared wave band and the visible wave band;
visible light detector: for capturing optical signals in the visible spectrum and converting into electrical signals;
visible light focal length control system: for controlling the focal length of the visible light detector;
an infrared detector: the infrared detection spectrum band image acquisition device is used for capturing an infrared detection spectrum band image and converting the infrared detection spectrum band image into an electric signal;
an infrared focal length control system: for controlling the focal length of the infrared detector.
6. The dual-band sensor of the aerial camera with the multiple degree of freedom image motion compensation function of claim 5, wherein the common aperture optical system is respectively connected with the visible light detector and the infrared detector; the visible light detector is connected with the visible light focal length control system; the infrared detector is connected with the infrared focal length control system.
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