CN117274457A

CN117274457A - 3D model hierarchical compression and display method, device, storage medium and equipment

Info

Publication number: CN117274457A
Application number: CN202311232372.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄丹涛; 贺三元; 王金生
Original assignee: Ant Blockchain Technology Shanghai Co Ltd
Current assignee: Ant Blockchain Technology Shanghai Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-09-21
Filing date: 2023-09-21
Publication date: 2023-12-22

Abstract

The specification provides a 3D model hierarchical compression and display method, a device, a storage medium and computer equipment, which are applied to a user client. The server corresponding to the user client maintains model files corresponding to the definition levels respectively, wherein the model files are obtained by carrying out hierarchical compression on original model files corresponding to the 3D model according to the preset definition levels. The 3D model grading display method comprises the following steps: determining a target definition level corresponding to an operating environment of the user client in response to a model presentation request for the 3D model; acquiring a target model file corresponding to the target definition level from the server; and loading the obtained target model file to display the 3D model to a user.

Description

3D model hierarchical compression and display method, device, storage medium and equipment

Technical Field

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the field of computer technology, and more particularly, to a method, an apparatus, a storage medium, and a device for hierarchical compression and display of a 3D model.

Background

With the continuous development of computer graphics and computing power, more and more platforms and users are focusing on object display modes using 3D models besides conventional display modes such as characters, pictures, videos and the like when articles and scenes are displayed, such as museum collection display and merchant commodity display. However, 3D model generation and transmission typically requires high costs, and 3D models also typically require large resource overhead when loaded.

Disclosure of Invention

To overcome the problems in the related art, the present specification provides the following methods and apparatuses.

In a first aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure, a hierarchical 3D model display method is provided and applied to a user client; the server corresponding to the user client maintains model files corresponding to the definition levels respectively, wherein the model files are obtained by carrying out hierarchical compression on original model files corresponding to the 3D model according to the preset definition levels; the method comprises the following steps:

determining a target definition level corresponding to an operating environment of the user client in response to a model presentation request for the 3D model;

Acquiring a target model file corresponding to the target definition level from the server;

and loading the obtained target model file to display the 3D model to a user.

In a second aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure, a 3D model hierarchical display device is provided, applied to a user client; the server corresponding to the user client maintains model files corresponding to the definition levels respectively, wherein the model files are obtained by carrying out hierarchical compression on original model files corresponding to the 3D model according to the preset definition levels; the device comprises:

a determining unit, configured to determine a target definition level corresponding to an operating environment of the user client in response to a model presentation request for the 3D model;

the acquisition unit is used for acquiring a target model file corresponding to the target definition level from the server;

and the loading unit is used for loading the obtained target model file so as to display the 3D model to a user.

In a third aspect of the embodiments of the present specification, a hierarchical compression method of a 3D model is further provided, which is applied to a server; the method comprises the following steps:

Acquiring an original model file corresponding to a 3D model, and performing hierarchical compression on the original model file according to a plurality of preset definition grades to obtain model files respectively corresponding to the definition grades;

determining a target model file corresponding to a target definition level in response to a file acquisition request for the 3D model sent by a user client; the target definition level is a definition level corresponding to the running environment of the user client;

and returning the target model file to the user client so that the user client loads the obtained target model file and displays the 3D model to a user.

In a fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present specification, there is further provided a 3D model hierarchical compression device, which is applied to a server; the device comprises:

the compression unit is used for acquiring an original model file corresponding to the 3D model, and carrying out hierarchical compression on the original model file according to a plurality of preset definition grades to obtain model files respectively corresponding to the definition grades;

the selection unit is used for responding to a file acquisition request for the 3D model sent by the user client and determining a target model file corresponding to the target definition level; the target definition level is a definition level corresponding to the running environment of the user client;

And the returning unit is used for returning the target model file to the user client so that the user client loads the obtained target model file and displays the 3D model to a user.

In a fifth aspect of embodiments of the present specification, there is provided a storage medium; the storage medium has stored thereon a computer program which, when executed, implements the steps of the method as described above.

In a sixth aspect of embodiments of the present specification, there is provided a computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method as above when executing the program.

The above embodiments of the present specification have at least the following advantageous effects:

in the technical scheme, the model files corresponding to the 3D model are subjected to hierarchical compression in advance, the quality loss and the income of the file size are weighed according to the running environment of the user client, the target definition level is determined, and the corresponding model files are obtained from the server for loading; when the medium-low-end equipment or the network environment is poor, the memory pressure of the network and the equipment can be reduced, and the loading speed is improved; when the high-end equipment or the network environment is good, the quality of the model can be ensured, and the details of the 3D model can be displayed to the greatest extent; therefore, the technical scheme in the specification can promote the use experience of the 3D model in different equipment and network environments.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present description or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present specification, and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings by those of ordinary skill in the art.

FIG. 1 schematically illustrates an architectural diagram of a hierarchical representation of a 3D model in accordance with an embodiment of the present description;

FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a flow chart of a method of hierarchical representation of a 3D model according to an embodiment of the present description;

fig. 3 schematically shows a schematic structural diagram of a 3D model file according to an embodiment of the present specification;

FIG. 4 schematically illustrates an interactive flow diagram of a method of hierarchical compression of a 3D model according to an embodiment of the present description;

FIG. 5 schematically illustrates a flow chart of a method of hierarchical compression of a 3D model according to an embodiment of the present description;

FIG. 6 schematically illustrates a block diagram of a 3D model hierarchical display device according to an embodiment of the present description;

FIG. 7 schematically illustrates a block diagram of a 3D model hierarchical compression device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

Fig. 8 schematically shows a hardware configuration diagram of a computer device where a 3D model hierarchical presentation method is located according to an embodiment of the present specification.

In the drawings, the same or corresponding reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts.

Detailed Description

The principles and spirit of the present specification will be described below with reference to several exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are presented merely to enable one skilled in the art to better understand and practice the present description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present description in any way. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present description may be implemented as a system, apparatus, device, method, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present specification may be embodied in the form of: complete hardware, complete software (including firmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.), or a combination of hardware and software.

First, some related concepts that may be referred to in the specification are introduced:

SoC (System on a Chip) is a Chip that integrates a plurality of key components and functions, including a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Graphics Processor (GPU), a memory controller, a storage controller, a multimedia processing unit, a communication module (such as a wireless network and bluetooth), a sensor interface, a security module, and so on. In a mobile phone, SOC is the core component responsible for handling the main computing and control tasks of the mobile phone. It integrates a CPU to perform computing tasks, a GPU for graphics rendering, a multimedia accelerator to process audio and video data, a communication module for network communications, and other necessary interfaces and modules to implement various functions of the handset.

URL (Uniform Resource Locator ), commonly referred to as web address, is simply referred to as web address, which is the address of a standard resource on the internet, and typically each valid URL can point to a unique resource.

Compared with two-dimensional presentation forms such as pictures and videos, the 3D model needs to present more details of objects in a three-dimensional space and needs to support multi-angle viewing, and the 3D model is generally provided with a large data volume and a complex data structure and generally needs to call a 3D engine of a user client to perform real-time rendering, so that more resources of the user client are consumed.

When the 3D model contains more details, its model files may be larger, and more network and memory resources are consumed during loading. Particularly, when the 3D model is displayed on the mobile phone, the performance and network condition of the mobile phone are complex; when the middle-low end mobile phone or the network environment is poor, loading the larger 3D model may take a longer time, and unsmooth situations such as jamming, frame dropping and the like may occur during display.

In view of this, the present disclosure aims to provide a technical solution for providing 3D model files of different levels for different running environments of different user clients, so as to adapt to the 3D model compression and display performed by different running environments.

When the method is realized, the server side can perform hierarchical compression on an original model file of the 3D model in advance according to a plurality of preset definition grades to obtain a multi-level model file with the plurality of definition grades;

Further, when the user client needs to display the 3D model, the definition level of the 3D model needing to be displayed can be determined according to the running environment of the user client, and a corresponding model file is obtained from the server and loaded for display.

Therefore, in the technical scheme in the specification, the corresponding model files are obtained from the server side for loading by carrying out hierarchical compression on the model files corresponding to the 3D model in advance and weighing the quality loss and the income of the file size according to the running environment of the user client side to determine the target definition level; when the medium-low-end equipment or the network environment is poor, the memory pressure of the network and the equipment can be reduced, and the loading speed is improved; when the high-end equipment or the network environment is good, the quality of the model can be ensured, and the details of the 3D model can be displayed to the greatest extent; therefore, the technical scheme in the specification can promote the use experience of the 3D model in different equipment and network environments.

The following describes the aspects of the present specification in detail with reference to the drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic architecture diagram of a 3D model hierarchical display system according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 1, the system may include a network 10, a server 11, a number of electronic devices, such as a computer 12, a computer 13, a computer 14, and the like.

The server 11 may be a physical server comprising a separate host, or the server 11 may be a virtual server, cloud server, etc. hosted by a host cluster. Computers 12-14 are but one type of electronic device that may be used by a user. Indeed, it is obvious that the user may also use electronic devices of the type such as: tablet devices, cell phones, palm top computers (PDAs, personal Digital Assistants), wearable devices (e.g., smart glasses, smart watches, etc.), etc., as one or at least one embodiment of the present description is not limited in this regard. The network 10 may comprise various types of wired or wireless networks.

In one embodiment, server 11 may be coupled to computers 12-14; the computers 12-14 can receive user operation, and upload the received commands and files to the server 11 through the network 10, and then the server 11 processes the files based on the scheme of the specification. In another embodiment, computers 12-14 may independently implement aspects of the present description; wherein, the computers 12-14 receive the user operation and process the received commands and files based on the scheme of the specification to realize the hierarchical display of the 3D model.

Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for hierarchical representation of a 3D model according to an exemplary embodiment, where the method is applied to a processing device, and the processing device may be the server 11 or the computers 12-14 shown in fig. 1.

The server corresponding to the user client maintains the original model files corresponding to the 3D model according to a plurality of preset definition levels, and model files corresponding to the definition levels are obtained after hierarchical compression;

the method may comprise the steps of:

step 202: in response to a model presentation request for the 3D model, a target level of sharpness corresponding to a running environment of the user client is determined.

In general, a model file corresponding to a 3D model to be displayed by a user client is stored in a server corresponding to the user client, and when a user needs to view the 3D model, the user client can send a request to the server, and after the server receives the request, the model file corresponding to the 3D model can be sent to the user client. The user client loads the received model file to display to the user.

When the model file is large, more resources are consumed for transmission and loading, and user experience may be affected. Therefore, the model file can be compressed in advance at the server to obtain the model file with lower definition. In general, a model file with higher definition can show more details, but the larger the file size is, the more resources are consumed for loading; the model file with lower definition can show less details, but the smaller the file size is, the less resources are consumed by loading.

The model file with lower definition is suitable for loading in the user client with poorer running environment; however, for a user client with a better running environment, using a model file with lower definition also causes loss of model details and reduces user experience.

Therefore, it is necessary to prepare a plurality of model files of different definition levels for user clients that do not use the running environment. Specifically, a hierarchical compression mode can be adopted, and based on different compression parameters, the original model file is compressed in multiple levels to obtain model files in multiple definition levels so as to adapt to user clients in different running environments.

When a user client needs to display a 3D model to be displayed, for example, a user opens a page where the 3D model is located, the user executes trigger type operation corresponding to the 3D model and the like, and can acquire a display request aiming at the 3D model according to the user client;

when the user client acquires the display request, the user client can determine the running environment of the current user client, and determine the target definition level when the 3D model is displayed according to the current running environment.

The running environment of the user client may include a device performance parameter of a device where the user client is located, a current network performance parameter, a preference setting set by a user, and the like, which is not specifically limited in this specification.

The current running environment of the user client may be obtained by real-time detection by the user client, or may be stored in the user client, which is not specifically limited in this specification.

In one exemplary embodiment illustrated in the present description, the user client directly maintains a correspondence between the operating environment of the user client and the target definition level.

And according to the running environment of the user client, the corresponding target definition level can be uniquely determined.

In the running environment of the user client, the factor that has the greatest influence on the loading speed is typically the network environment. Because the model file needs to be downloaded from the server to the user client, when the network transmission speed is low, the model needs to wait for a long time to be downloaded from the server, and more time and user tolerance are consumed.

Thus, the target sharpness level may be determined based on network performance parameters of the user client. The network performance parameters may include network performance, which represents how fast the network is transmitting.

When the network performance of the user client is higher, determining the higher definition level; when the network performance of the user client is low, a lower level of sharpness is determined.

The network performance parameters may also include network type.

In addition, the type of network of the user may also affect the determination of the target sharpness level. For example, when a user uses a network for traffic billing, such as mobile data, the data traffic usage may be more sensitive, and may be determined to be a lower level of sharpness to use the model data with smaller files; when the user uses non-flow charging data, such as a WIFI network, the user is insensitive to the file size, and can determine that the user has a higher definition level, so that model data with higher quality can be used.

In addition to network performance parameters, device performance parameters may also be used to evaluate the operating environment of the user client.

The higher the equipment performance of the equipment where the user client is located, the faster the model file is loaded, and the smoother the 3D model operates. When loading a model file with larger file size and more model details, the equipment with lower equipment performance may take longer time to load, and phenomena such as jamming, frame dropping and the like may occur during operation, so that user experience is affected; and the loading file is smaller in size, and when the loading file contains the model file with less model details, the loading is faster and the running is smoother because the required equipment performance is lower, so that the user can obtain better experience.

Therefore, when the performance of the equipment where the user client is located is higher, the higher definition level can be determined; and when the performance of the equipment where the user client is positioned is lower, determining the equipment as a lower definition level.

The performance of the equipment where the user client is located is determined, the equipment model, resolution, SOC parameters and the like of the user client can be obtained, and comprehensive evaluation is carried out on the equipment; typically, the correspondence between the device model number and the corresponding device performance parameter, or the sharpness level, may be maintained in the user client.

In addition, various parameters can be adopted to comprehensively evaluate the running environment of the user client, and the target definition grade corresponding to the user client can be determined together.

For example, in one illustrative embodiment shown in this description, the target level of sharpness may be determined jointly using the type of network used by the device in which the user client is located, and the device performance parameters.

Taking the equipment where the client is located as a mobile phone as an example, when the mobile phone is realized, the mobile phone can be divided into a high-end machine, a medium-end machine and a low-end machine from high to low according to the performance parameters of the equipment based on preset rules; the network used by the mobile phone is divided into a flow network and a WIFI network.

The definition level can be divided into three levels, namely, original painting OD, high-definition HD and standard definition SD from high to low.

When the definition level is the original picture OD, the corresponding model file is an uncompressed original model file.

The correspondence of the target sharpness level is determined as follows:

for a low-end machine and a medium-end machine using flow, determining the low-end machine as standard definition SD; for a middle-end machine using WIFI or a high-end machine using traffic, determining the middle-end machine using WIFI or the high-end machine using traffic as high-definition HD; and corresponding to the high-end machine using the WIFI, determining the high-end machine as the original painting OD.

The following table shows:

	low-end machine	Middle terminal machine	High-end machine
				Flow rate	SD	SD	HD
WIFI	SD	HD	OD

Step 204: and acquiring a target model file corresponding to the target definition level from the server.

And after the model files corresponding to the 3D model are subjected to hierarchical compression at the server, respectively storing the model files. After the user client determines the target definition level when the 3D model is displayed, a request can be sent to the server to acquire a model file corresponding to the target definition level.

After receiving the request, the server may send the model file corresponding to the target definition level to the user client.

Step 206: and loading the obtained target model file to display the 3D model to a user.

After receiving the model file corresponding to the target definition sent by the server, the user client can record the model file and conduct real-time rendering so as to display the 3D model file to be displayed to the user.

In the above embodiment, the model files corresponding to the 3D model are compressed in a grading manner in advance, and the quality loss and the income of the file size are weighed according to the running environment of the user client, the determined target definition level is obtained from the server side, and the corresponding model files are loaded; when the medium-low-end equipment or the network environment is poor, the memory pressure of the network and the equipment can be reduced, and the loading speed is improved; when the high-end equipment or the network environment is good, the quality of the model can be ensured, and the details of the 3D model can be displayed to the greatest extent; therefore, the technical scheme in the specification can promote the use experience of the 3D model in different equipment and network environments.

During compression, storage, transmission, loading, etc., the model files may be subject to errors and corruption, and thus, when loaded on a user client, the model files may be subject to errors.

When the model file fails to be loaded, the loading can be performed again, including the loading of the acquired model file, the loading of the model file acquired from the server, and the like.

If the model file is reloaded for a plurality of times, the model file still fails to be loaded, which means that the model file stored in the server may have errors, for example, errors may occur during compression, so that the file cannot be loaded normally.

A threshold value for the number of load failures may be preset, for example, 3/5 times, and when the number of load failures exceeds the threshold value, the reloading may be considered as failing to solve the problem of load failure.

At this time, the uncompressed model file with the definition level of the original picture can be obtained from the server side and loaded.

In one exemplary embodiment shown in the present description, a model file corresponding to a 3D model is composed of two parts, a model body file, and model external data. The model external data is also called remote resource and is stored in an external storage space, only the address stored by the model external data is stored in the model main body file, and when the model main body file needs to be loaded, the model external data can be acquired from the corresponding address according to the address.

Storing the model file using this separate schema may reduce the size of the model body file.

The model body file is generally a description file for describing the contents of a three-dimensional scene constituting a 3D model. The part of the content may be represented in the form of remote model external data, for example, model geometry data describing the shape of the 3D model, model map data describing the surface of the 3D model, model animation data describing the motion of the 3D model with time, and the like, which is not specifically limited in this description.

In general, a portion with a larger file size is occupied, and the portion can be represented by using a form of external data of the model, so as to reduce the size of the model body file.

Therefore, the space occupied by the model body file is usually small, and the compression processing is not efficient. In the case of hierarchical compression of model files, compression may be performed mainly on model external data.

Specifically, when the model file is compressed in a hierarchical manner according to a plurality of preset definition levels, each definition level may correspond to a preset compression parameter, where the compression parameters may include specific parameters such as a compression method, a compression target size, a compression rate, and the like, which are not specifically limited in this specification.

The external data of multiple models obtained by hierarchical compression can be respectively stored in file service of a server, and the storage address where the external model data is located is stored in a model main body file.

In an exemplary embodiment shown in the present description, a corresponding model body file may be generated for each sharpness level, where a storage address where compressed model external data of the corresponding sharpness level is located is stored in the model body file.

For example, when there are 3 definition levels of original pictures OD, high definition HD and standard definition SD, one model body file may be generated for the 3 definition levels, respectively, and the model body files corresponding to the different definition levels are the same.

After the model external data corresponding to the 3 definition levels are respectively stored in the file service of the server, the storage addresses where the model external data corresponding to the 3 definition levels are located are respectively stored in the model main body files corresponding to the 3 definition levels.

By the method, 3 model main body files respectively storing the storage addresses of the corresponding external data can be obtained.

When a model main body file corresponding to a certain definition level is loaded, corresponding model external data can be obtained based on a storage address stored by the model main body file, so that loading of a 3D model of the definition level is completed.

In another exemplary embodiment shown in the present description, the storage addresses where the compressed external data of the model corresponding to each different sharpness level is located may be stored in one model body file.

When the model main body file is loaded, a storage address corresponding to external model data to be loaded can be determined according to the target definition level, and the corresponding model external data is acquired based on the storage address so as to complete the loading of the 3D model of the target definition level.

In the present specification, the format of the model file corresponding to the 3D model is not limited, and for example, the format of the model file may be fbx format, gltf format, obj format, x3D format, or the like.

In one exemplary embodiment illustrated in the present description, the format of the model file corresponding to the 3D model may be a gltf format.

The Gltf (GL Transmission Format) format is an open standard format for transmitting and loading three-dimensional models, has the characteristics of light weight, high efficiency, openness and the like, and is one of three-dimensional model formats widely used on the internet at present.

The model files in the Gltf format may be in a separate storage format as described above.

Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D model file according to an exemplary embodiment.

The model file in the Gltf format may include the Gltf file as a model body file, and model geometry data and model map data as model external data.

Wherein the model geometry data may be used to describe a model shape of the 3D model; and model map data may be used to describe the surface of the 3D model.

The model geometry data may typically be stored in the form of a bin file, while the model map data may typically be stored in the form of a png file.

The Bin file and the png file are respectively stored in the file service corresponding to the server side, and the storage positions of the Bin file and the png file are represented in the gltf file in the form of URL.

The three parts of the Gltf file, the bin file and the png file can be combined into a complete and available model file in the Gltf format, and the model file is loaded at a user client.

The hierarchical compression of the model file for the gltf format may include the hierarchical compression of both model geometry data (bin file) and model map data (png file).

The following discussion is directed to hierarchical compression of model geometry data and model map data, respectively.

The model geometry data describing the model shape of the 3D model mainly includes mesh data describing a polygonal mesh structure corresponding to the 3D model.

The 3D model implemented in a computer generally adopts a polygonal mesh structure to represent the surface of an object, and the more polygons are used, the finer the model, and the larger the model file.

In the gltf format file, the mesh data in the model geometry data usually adopts a triangle mesh structure, i.e. the surface of the 3D model is composed of a plurality of triangles.

The mesh data describing the polygon mesh includes a series of coordinate data including polygon vertex coordinates, normal coordinates, texture coordinates, and the like. The coordinate data in the Mesh data is typically represented by floating point type data.

A method for compressing mesh data can convert coordinate data in the mesh data from floating point type data to integer type data. The integer data occupies less space than the floating point data, and by the method, the mesh data can be compressed in a mode of reducing the coordinate precision in the polygonal mesh. The compression may be implemented generally using KHR _mesh_quantization technique.

In addition to reducing the accuracy of coordinates in the polygon meshes in the mesh data, the mesh data can be compressed by reducing the number of polygons in the polygon meshes.

In general, polygons that are adjacent and have small angles relative to each other, e.g., less than a predetermined threshold, may be merged into larger polygons to reduce the number of polygons in the polygon network. The reduced number of polygons may cause the 3D model to lose some detail of the surface, but may also effectively compress the size of the mesh data. The compression may be implemented generally using mesh-quantization techniques.

By reducing the accuracy of the coordinate data and reducing the number of polygons, the mesh data can be effectively compressed, thereby compressing the model set data.

Model map data may generally include color maps (base color maps), normal maps (normal maps), orm maps (texture maps), and the like. The number of the mapping of a certain class may be 0, 1 or more.

The mapping data is usually a png file, and the compression technology of the png file is mature and common, and is not specifically described in the specification.

Specifically, compression of the map file in png format may be achieved in one or more of the following ways:

compressing by adopting pngquant; pngquant is a picture compression algorithm that uses mainly an improved version of the median cut quantization algorithm and K-means color correction, can significantly reduce file size, and maintains full alpha transparency;

converting the picture in the png format into a jpg format; the alpha transparency channel is lost and the file size is reduced;

converting the mapping file in the png format into a ktx format; the file size may be reduced.

According to the actual compression requirement, a common picture compression method such as converting the png-format mapping file into a webp format and performing size compression on the png-format mapping file can be used, and the description is not limited specifically.

In one illustrative embodiment shown in this description, the following compression strategy may be employed:

the model files of the OD grade are not compressed by adopting three definition grades of OD/HD/SD;

HD grade: performing pngquant 75% mass compression on the png format mapping file, converting the png format mapping file into jpg format, comparing the png format mapping file subjected to png quant 75% mass compression with the converted jpg format mapping file, and reserving the smaller file; the mesh data is processed by adopting a mesh_quantization technology;

SD rating: converting the mapping file in the png format into a ktx format; adopting mesh_quantization and triangular face merging optimization processing to mesh data, wherein face optimization is not performed when a bin file is smaller than 2MB, and the face compression rate is set to be 0.9 when the bin file is 2-4 MB; the face compression rate is set to 0.8 when the bin file is 4-6MB, and the face compression rate is set to 0.6 when the bin file is greater than 6 MB.

The process of hierarchical compression of model files is described in detail below in conjunction with fig. 4.

As shown in fig. 4, fig. 4 schematically shows an interactive flow chart of a 3D model hierarchical compression method according to an embodiment of the present specification.

Taking the model file in the gltf format as an example, the compression process of the model file will be described.

The compression process of the model files of the 3D model is performed in advance at the server side. The server side may include a workspace for performing a hierarchical compression process, compression tools for actually compressing files, and a media service for saving remote resource files as a file service.

The original model files in the Gltf format are stored in the media service in the form of separate storage of the Gltf file, the bin file and the png file.

The following is a detailed process for hierarchical compression in the form of workspace, compression tool and media service interactions:

Step 401: the working area requests an original model file from the media service;

step 402: the media service receives the request, and sends the gltf file, the bin file and the png file to the work;

step 403: determining a plurality of definition grades and configuring compression parameters corresponding to the definition grades;

for each target sharpness level, the following steps 404-412 are performed:

step 404: reading compression configuration corresponding to the target definition level;

step 405: transmitting compression parameters corresponding to the model geometric data into a compression tool;

step 406: the compression tool compresses the bin file according to the input compression parameters, and returns the compressed bin file to the working area;

step 407: transmitting compression parameters corresponding to the model map data into a compression tool;

step 408: the compression tool compresses the png file according to the input compression parameters, and returns the compressed png file to the working area;

step 409: uploading the compressed bin file and png file to a media service;

step 410: the media service sends the resource remote addresses of the bin file and the png file to a working area;

step 411: updating URLs corresponding to bin files and png files in the gltf files;

Step 412: the updated gltf is uploaded to the media service.

Step 413: and deleting the working area cache file.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present description, a method of hierarchical compression of a 3D model is also provided.

Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a flowchart of a 3D model hierarchical compression method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The method is applied to a processing device, which may be a server 11 or computers 12-14 as shown in fig. 1, etc.

The method may comprise the steps of:

step 502: and acquiring an original model file corresponding to the 3D model, and carrying out hierarchical compression on the original model file according to a plurality of preset definition grades to obtain model files respectively corresponding to the definition grades.

In one illustrative embodiment shown in the present description, the model file contains a model body file and model external data; the model external data are stored in file service of a server, and storage addresses corresponding to the model external data are stored in the model main body file;

performing hierarchical compression on the original model file according to a plurality of preset definition levels to obtain model files respectively corresponding to the definition levels, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

Respectively carrying out hierarchical compression on the external data of the model according to a plurality of preset definition levels, and respectively storing the external data in file services of a server;

and respectively storing the storage addresses of the compressed model external data corresponding to the definition grades into the model main body files corresponding to the 3D model to obtain model files corresponding to the definition grades.

In one illustrative embodiment shown in this description, the 3D model comprises a gltf format 3D model;

the model body file comprises a gltf model file; the model external data includes model geometry data for describing a shape of the model and/or model map data for describing a surface of the model;

the step of respectively carrying out step compression on the external data of the model according to a plurality of preset definition levels comprises the following steps:

and respectively carrying out hierarchical compression on the model geometric data and/or the model map data according to a plurality of preset definition levels.

In one exemplary embodiment shown in the present description, the model geometry data includes mesh data for describing a polygonal mesh structure to which the 3D model corresponds.

In one illustrative embodiment shown in this description, compressing the model geometry data includes:

coordinate data contained in the mesh data is described by using floating point type data and converted into description by using integer type data so as to realize compression.

and merging at least partial polygon networks which are adjacent in the polygon meshes and have included angles smaller than a preset value in the mesh data to realize compression.

In one illustrative embodiment shown in the present description, the model map data includes a map file in png format;

compressing the model map data, including one or more of:

carrying out pngquant compression on the map file in the png format to realize compression;

converting the mapping file in the png format into a jpg format so as to realize compression;

and converting the png-format map file into ktx2 format to realize compression.

Step 504: determining a target model file corresponding to a target definition level in response to a file acquisition request for the 3D model sent by a user client; the target definition level is a definition level corresponding to the running environment of the user client.

In one illustrative embodiment shown in the present description, the file acquisition request contains an operating environment parameter corresponding to an operating environment of the user client;

the determining the target model file corresponding to the target definition level comprises the following steps:

and determining a target model definition grade corresponding to the user client based on the running environment parameters contained in the file acquisition request, and determining a target model file corresponding to the target definition grade.

The file acquisition request comprises a grade identification of a target definition grade corresponding to the running environment of the user client, which is determined by the user client;

in one illustrative embodiment shown in the present description, the determining the object model file corresponding to the object sharpness level includes

And determining a target model definition grade corresponding to the user client based on the grade identification contained in the file acquisition request, and determining a target model file corresponding to the target definition grade.

The target definition level may be determined by the user client or by a server corresponding to the user client.

When the target definition level is determined by the client, a file acquisition request sent by the user client to the server contains a level identifier corresponding to the target definition level determined by the user client;

When the target definition level is determined by the server, the file acquisition request sent by the user client to the server contains the operation environment parameters corresponding to the operation environment of the user client for determining the target definition level;

after the server receives the operation environment parameters, the target definition can be determined according to the operation environment parameters.

In one illustrative embodiment shown in the present description, the operating environment parameters include:

network performance parameters of the user client; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

and the equipment performance parameters of the user client.

Step 506: and returning the target model file to the user client so that the user client loads the obtained target model file and displays the 3D model to a user.

For a specific compression method of the 3D model, please refer to the above embodiment, and detailed description thereof is omitted here.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present specification, a 3D model hierarchical display device is also provided. Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a block diagram of a 3D model hierarchical display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

The device may comprise the following constituent units:

a determining unit 610, configured to determine a target definition level corresponding to an operating environment of the user client in response to a model presentation request for the 3D model;

an obtaining unit 620, configured to obtain, from the server, a target model file corresponding to the target definition level;

and the loading unit 630 is configured to load the obtained target model file, so as to display the 3D model to a user.

Optionally, the running environment of the user client includes network performance parameters of the user client;

the determining unit 610 is specifically configured to:

acquiring an operation environment of the user client;

and determining the definition level of the target model corresponding to the running environment.

Optionally, the running environment of the user client further includes a device performance parameter of the user client.

Optionally, the model definition level includes: original painting grade;

the model file corresponding to the original picture level is the original model file which is not compressed.

Optionally, the apparatus further includes:

a reload unit 640 for:

determining whether the number of times of loading failure of the model file reaches a preset threshold value or not;

If the number of times of the model file loading failure reaches a preset threshold, re-determining the target definition grade as the original picture grade, and obtaining a model file corresponding to the original picture grade;

and loading the obtained model file corresponding to the original painting grade so as to display the 3D model to be displayed to a user.

Optionally, the model file includes a model main body file and model external data; the model external data are stored in file service of a server, and storage addresses corresponding to the model external data are stored in the model main body file;

the original model file corresponding to the 3D model is subjected to hierarchical compression according to a plurality of preset definition levels to obtain model files respectively corresponding to the definition levels, and the model files comprise:

generating a plurality of model main body files corresponding to a plurality of preset definition levels respectively from an original model main body file corresponding to the 3D model; the method comprises the steps of storing a storage address of compressed model external data corresponding to the definition level in a model main body file corresponding to each definition level; and the compressed model external data is obtained by carrying out hierarchical compression on the original model external data corresponding to the 3D model based on preset compression parameters corresponding to the definition level.

Optionally, the acquiring unit 620 is specifically configured to:

obtaining a model main body file corresponding to the target definition level from the server;

the loading unit 630 is specifically configured to:

based on the obtained storage address stored in the model main body file, obtaining a model external file corresponding to the model main body file from the server;

and loading the model main body file and the model external file to show the 3D model to be shown to a user.

Optionally, the 3D model includes a gltf format 3D model;

the model body file comprises a gltf model file; the model external data includes model geometry data for describing a shape of the model, and model map data for describing a surface of the model;

the compressed model external data comprises compressed model geometric data and compressed model map data.

Optionally, the model geometry data includes mesh data for describing a polygonal mesh structure corresponding to the 3D model.

Optionally, the compressed model geometry data includes:

and converting coordinate data contained in the mesh data in the model geometric data from description using floating point type data to description using integer type data so as to realize compressed model geometric data.

Optionally, the compressing the model geometry data includes:

and merging at least partial polygonal networks which are adjacent in the polygonal meshes and have included angles smaller than a preset value in the mesh data in the model geometric data to realize the compressed model geometric data.

Optionally, the model map data includes a map file in png format;

the compressed model map data includes one or more of the following:

performing pngquant compression on the png-format mapping file to realize compressed model mapping data;

converting the mapping file in the png format into a jpg format to realize compressed model mapping data;

and converting the png-format mapping file into ktx2 format to realize compressed model mapping data.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present specification, a 3D model hierarchical compression apparatus is also provided. Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a block diagram of a 3D model hierarchical compression apparatus according to an embodiment of the present specification.

The device may comprise the following constituent units:

the compression unit 710 is configured to obtain an original model file corresponding to the 3D model, and perform hierarchical compression on the original model file according to a preset plurality of sharpness levels, so as to obtain model files corresponding to the sharpness levels respectively;

A selecting unit 720, configured to determine a target model file corresponding to a target definition level in response to a file acquisition request for the 3D model sent by a user client; the target definition level is a definition level corresponding to the running environment of the user client;

and a returning unit 730, configured to return the target model file to the user client, so that the user client loads the obtained target model file and displays the 3D model to a user.

Optionally, the file obtaining request includes an operation environment parameter corresponding to the operation environment of the user client;

the selecting unit 720 is specifically configured to:

Optionally, the file obtaining request includes a level identifier of a target definition level determined by the user client and corresponding to an operating environment of the user client;

the selecting unit 720 is specifically configured to:

Optionally, the environmental operation parameters include:

and the equipment performance parameters of the user client.

the compression unit 710 is specifically configured to:

Optionally, the 3D model includes a gltf format 3D model;

the compression unit 710 is specifically configured to:

Optionally, the compression unit 710 is specifically configured to:

and converting the coordinate data contained in the mesh data from the description using floating point type data to the description using integer type data so as to realize compression.

Optionally, the compression unit 710 is specifically configured to:

and merging at least partial polygonal networks which are adjacent in the polygonal grids and have included angles smaller than a preset value in the mesh data so as to realize compression.

Optionally, the model map data includes a map file in png format;

the compression unit 710 is specifically configured to one or more of the following:

and converting the png-format map file into ktx2 format to realize compression.

The implementation process of the functions and roles of each unit in the above device is specifically shown in the implementation process of the corresponding steps in the above method, and will not be described herein again.

For the device embodiments, reference is made to the description of the method embodiments for the relevant points, since they essentially correspond to the method embodiments. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the elements illustrated as separate elements may or may not be physically separate, and the elements shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over at least one network element. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purposes of the solution of the present specification. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden.

In the exemplary embodiments of this specification, an embodiment of an apparatus and a terminal to which the apparatus is applied are also provided.

The embodiments of the apparatus of this specification may be applied to a computer device, such as a server or a terminal device. The apparatus embodiments may be implemented by software, or may be implemented by hardware or a combination of hardware and software. Taking software implementation as an example, the device in a logic sense is formed by reading corresponding computer program instructions in a nonvolatile memory into a memory through a processor where the device is located. In terms of hardware, as shown in fig. 8, fig. 8 is a hardware structure diagram of a computer device 80 where an apparatus of the embodiment of the present disclosure is located, and in addition to the processor 810, the memory 830, the network interface 820, and the nonvolatile memory 840 shown in fig. 8, a server or an electronic device where an apparatus is located in an embodiment may generally include other hardware according to an actual function of the computer device, which will not be described herein.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present specification, there is also provided a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a program product capable of implementing the method described above in the present specification. In some possible embodiments, the various aspects of the present description may also be implemented in the form of a program product comprising program code for causing a terminal device to carry out the steps according to the various exemplary embodiments of the present description as described in the "exemplary methods" section of the present description, when said program product is run on the terminal device.

A program product for implementing the above method according to embodiments of the present description may employ a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) and comprise program code and may be run on a terminal device, such as a personal computer. However, the program product of this specification is not limited thereto, and in this document, a readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

The program product may take the form of any combination of one or more readable media. The readable medium may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. The readable storage medium can be, for example, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or a combination of any of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the readable storage medium would include the following: an electrical connection having one or at least one wire, a portable disk, a hard disk, random Access Memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

The computer readable signal medium may include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave with readable program code embodied therein. Such a propagated data signal may take any of a variety of forms, including, but not limited to, electro-magnetic, optical, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. A readable signal medium may also be any readable medium that is not a readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

Program code embodied on a readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless, wireline, optical fiber cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

Program code for carrying out operations of the present specification may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, C++ or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computing device, partly on the user's device, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computing device, partly on a remote computing device, or entirely on the remote computing device or server. In the case of remote computing devices, the remote computing device may be connected to the user computing device through any kind of network, including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computing device (e.g., connected via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

User information (including but not limited to user equipment information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data for analysis, stored data, presented data, etc.) referred to herein are both user-authorized or fully authorized information and data by parties, and the collection, use and processing of relevant data requires compliance with relevant laws and regulations and standards of the relevant country and region, and is provided with corresponding operation portals for user selection of authorization or denial.

While this specification contains many specific implementation details, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of any invention or of what may be claimed, but rather as descriptions of features of specific embodiments of particular inventions. Certain features that are described in this specification in the context of at least one embodiment can also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. On the other hand, various features which are described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in combination in at least one embodiment separately or in any suitable subcombination. Furthermore, although features may be acting in certain combinations and even initially claimed as such, one or at least one feature from a claimed combination can in some cases be excised from the combination, and the claimed combination may be directed to a subcombination or variation of a subcombination.

Similarly, although operations are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In some cases, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Furthermore, the separation of various system units and components in the embodiments described above should not be understood as requiring such separation in all embodiments, and it should be understood that the described program components and systems can generally be integrated together in a single software product or packaged into at least one software product.

Thus, particular embodiments of the subject matter have been described. Other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions recited in the claims can be performed in a different order and still achieve desirable results. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings are not necessarily required to be in the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. In some implementations, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments is provided for the purpose of illustration only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure, since any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the spirit and principles of the disclosure are intended to be included within the scope of the disclosure.

Claims

1. A3D model grading display method is applied to a user client; the server corresponding to the user client maintains model files corresponding to the definition levels respectively, wherein the model files are obtained by carrying out hierarchical compression on original model files corresponding to the 3D model according to the preset definition levels; the method comprises the following steps:

and loading the obtained target model file to display the 3D model to a user.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein,

the determining a target definition level corresponding to the running environment of the user client comprises:

acquiring operation environment parameters corresponding to the operation environment of the user client;

and determining a target model definition grade corresponding to the user client based on the acquired running environment parameters.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the environmental operating parameters include:

and the equipment performance parameters of the user client.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein,

the model definition level includes: original painting grade; the model files corresponding to the original painting grade are the original model files which are not compressed;

the method further comprises the steps of:

if the number of times of the model file loading failure reaches a preset threshold, re-determining a target definition level corresponding to the running environment of the user client as an original picture level, and acquiring a model file corresponding to the original picture level;

and loading the obtained model file corresponding to the original painting grade so as to display the 3D model for a user.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein,

the model file comprises a model main body file and model external data; the model external data is stored in a file service of a server, and a storage address corresponding to the model external data is stored in the model main body file.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein,

The obtaining, from the server, the target model file corresponding to the target definition level includes:

acquiring a target model main body file corresponding to the target definition level from the server;

loading the obtained model file to display the 3D model to a user, including:

reading a storage address stored in the model main body file, and acquiring a model external file corresponding to the model main body file from the server based on the storage address;

and loading the model main body file and the model external file to show the 3D model to a user.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein,

the 3D model comprises a gltf format 3D model;

the model body file comprises a gltf model file; the model external data includes model geometry data for describing a shape of the model and/or model map data for describing a surface of the model; the compressed model external data comprises compressed model geometric data and/or compressed model map data.

8. A3D model hierarchical compression method is applied to a server; the method comprises the following steps:

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the file acquisition request contains an operating environment parameter corresponding to an operating environment of the user client;

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the file acquisition request includes a level identification of a target level of sharpness corresponding to a running environment of the user client determined by the user client;

11. The method of claim 9, wherein the environmental operating parameters include:

and the equipment performance parameters of the user client.

12. The method of claim 8, wherein,

the model file comprises a model main body file and model external data; the model external data are stored in file service of a server, and storage addresses corresponding to the model external data are stored in the model main body file;

13. The method of claim 12, wherein,

the 3D model comprises a gltf format 3D model;

14. The method of claim 13, wherein,

the model geometry data comprise mesh data for describing a polygonal mesh structure corresponding to the 3D model.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein,

compressing the model geometry data, comprising:

16. The method of claim 14, wherein,

compressing the model geometry data, comprising:

17. The method of claim 13, wherein,

the model mapping data comprises a mapping file in png format;

compressing the model map data, including one or more of:

and converting the png-format map file into ktx2 format to realize compression.

18. The 3D model grading display device is applied to a user client; the server corresponding to the user client maintains the original model files corresponding to the 3D model according to a plurality of preset definition levels, and model files corresponding to the definition levels are obtained after hierarchical compression; the device comprises:

19. The 3D model hierarchical compression device is applied to a server; the device comprises:

20. A storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed, performs the steps of the method according to any of claims 1-17.

21. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor when executing the program implements the method of: wherein the processor, when executing the program, implements the method of any one of claims 1-17.