CN117272424B - MIMO antenna automatic layout system for mobile terminal - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic MIMO antenna layout system for a mobile terminal, which relates to the field of computer aided design and comprises a space planning module, an antenna layout module, a discrete electromagnetic simulation module and a performance discriminating module. According to the invention, the space gridding modeling is automatically carried out according to the user setting of the layout area of the MIMO antenna in the mobile terminal equipment, the antenna layout scheme is generated and simulated operation is carried out, and the antenna layout scheme with the performance meeting the user requirement is presented to the user, so that the research and development difficulty of the MIMO antenna of the mobile terminal is greatly reduced, the personalized design of the mobile terminal is facilitated, the industry threshold is reduced, and the industry productivity is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of computer aided design, in particular to an automatic MIMO antenna layout system for a mobile terminal.
Background
At present, with the increase of mobile terminal functions mainly including mobile phones, the demand for multimedia data such as audio streams is continuously increasing, and the data transmission rate of a mobile network needs to be further improved. MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) antenna technology has evolved.
The MIMO multi-antenna technology is applied to small mobile terminals such as mobile phones and the like, and can greatly improve the capacity of a wireless communication system. However, the complexity of MIMO antenna design is far higher than conventional antennas.
At present, radio frequency microwave engineers for mobile phone MIMO antenna design generally need a rich culture level, and the difficulty of the MIMO antenna has severely restricted the personalized design and productivity development of mobile terminal products.
Computer aided design software commonly used in the radio frequency microwave field comprises CST, HFSS and the like, but has extremely high use threshold. The market lacks a mobile terminal antenna research and development computer aided design system which is convenient for general practitioners in the electronic field to be able to get on hand.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the MIMO antenna automatic layout system for the mobile terminal solves the problems that the design difficulty of the MIMO antenna of the mobile terminal is high, the conventional radio frequency microwave computer aided design tool is difficult to operate, the personalized design of the mobile terminal is severely limited, and the productivity is limited.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an automatic layout system for MIMO antennas of a mobile terminal, comprising:
the space planning module is used for planning each MIMO antenna position according to the MIMO antenna layout area set by the user;
the antenna layout module is used for carrying out space gridding modeling on each planned MIMO antenna position, constructing grid spaces, and randomly setting antenna layout in each grid space according to the electric rule of the mobile terminal antenna to obtain an antenna layout scheme;
the discrete electromagnetic simulation module is used for carrying out electromagnetic simulation on the antenna layout scheme according to the space electromagnetic operation neural network model to obtain a performance result;
the performance judging module is used for judging whether the performance result of the antenna layout scheme meets the performance requirement set by a user, if yes, the antenna layout scheme passes through, and if not, the antenna layout scheme is redesigned by the feedback antenna layout module.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the invention, the space gridding modeling is automatically carried out according to the user setting of the layout area of the MIMO antenna in the mobile terminal equipment, the antenna layout scheme is generated and simulated operation is carried out, and the antenna layout scheme with the performance meeting the user requirement is presented to the user, so that the research and development difficulty of the MIMO antenna of the mobile terminal is greatly reduced, the personalized design of the mobile terminal is facilitated, the industry threshold is reduced, and the industry productivity is improved.
Further, the number of the MIMO antenna placeable areas is greater than 2.
Further, the method for obtaining the antenna layout scheme by the antenna layout module comprises the following steps:
a1, performing three-dimensional space gridding modeling on each planned MIMO antenna position to construct a three-dimensional grid space;
a2, selecting each MIMO antenna type according to the form of each three-dimensional grid space:
if the three-dimensional grid space is a strip shape which is tightly attached to the cavity shell of the mobile terminal, setting the MIMO antenna type as a metal frame antenna;
if the three-dimensional grid space is in other forms, setting the MIMO antenna type as an FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit, flexible circuit board) antenna;
a3, randomly setting antenna layout in each three-dimensional grid space according to the electric rule of the mobile terminal antenna to obtain an antenna layout scheme.
The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned further scheme are: the metal frame antenna and the FPC antenna are of various antenna types, are not easy to interfere with other parts of the mobile terminal in structure, and have high electromagnetic performance. The antenna has compact structure and small size, and is most suitable for being used as a MIMO antenna of the mobile terminal.
Further, the mobile terminal antenna electrical rule is:
the FPC antenna is a graphical metal layer comprising a flexible substrate and a surface of the flexible substrate;
the metal frame antenna is of a graphical metal structure;
the patterned metal layer or patterned metal structure comprises: a grounding metal plate, a strip-shaped feeding branch, and a strip-shaped short-circuit branch with one end connected with the grounding metal plate and the other end connected with the feeding branch.
Further, the antenna layout module randomly sets antenna layout in each three-dimensional grid space according to the electrical rule of the mobile terminal antenna, and the method for obtaining the antenna layout scheme comprises the following steps:
the sizes of the grounding metal plate, the feeding branch and the short-circuit branch, and the bending shapes of the feeding branch and the short-circuit branch are randomly changed.
The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned further scheme are: the method for adaptively constructing the IFA (Inverted-F) Antenna based on the three-dimensional grid space is a method for adaptively constructing the IFA Antenna, and the design of the MIMO Antenna layout scheme of the mobile terminal based on the FPC Antenna or the metal frame Antenna hardware type and the IFA Antenna type can be automatically completed by a computer system under the condition that the IFA Antenna is completely mastered to be used as the core characteristic of an aperture Antenna in a space discrete and adaptive optimizing mode.
Further, the spatial electromagnetic operation neural network model of the discrete electromagnetic simulation module comprises:
the parallel convolution layer is used for carrying out two-dimensional convolution operation on the structural data of each layer of XY plane of the three-dimensional grid space in parallel to obtain a plurality of feature arrays; the parallel convolution layer comprises parallel convolution operation channels with the same number as the Z-axis grids of the three-dimensional grid space;
the data fusion layer is used for converting each feature array into a corresponding feature vector and splicing the feature vectors to be used as data fusion vectors;
and the finite impulse response operation layer is used for carrying out finite-length weighting operation on the data fusion vector and solving the scattering parameter of the antenna layout scheme to serve as a performance result.
Further, the operation expression of each convolution operation channel is:
；
wherein i, j,、/>For serial number->For the element of row j of the nth feature array,/-column->The nth of the convolution kernel of the channel is calculated for the nth convolution>Go->Column element (s)/(S)>The antenna layout scheme is located in the n-th layer of the three-dimensional grid space>And the coordinate material codes, and n is a positive integer.
The material coding value is complex, the real part of the complex is the dielectric constant of the antenna material under the corresponding coordinates of the three-dimensional grid space, and the imaginary part of the complex is the magnetic permeability of the corresponding antenna material.
Further, the expression of the finite impulse response operation layer is:
；
wherein, l and k are serial numbers, m is a scattering coefficient label,for the scattering coefficient number m, < >>For the m number k weighting parameter, L is the impulse response weighting length, +.>For the offset coefficient number m, < >>Is the k minus l element of the data fusion vector.
The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned further scheme are: the discrete electromagnetic simulation module essentially uses multilayer plane operation, simplifies three-dimensional space operation, and realizes space-based high-order calculus operation through convolution operation and finite impulse response operation. The convolution kernel elements, the weighting parameters and the bias coefficients can be obtained through training of various existing machine learning technologies, the invention is not repeated, after machine learning, the discrete electromagnetic simulation module can realize Maxwell equation operation, and finally, four most important scattering coefficients S11, S12, S21 and S22 of the antenna are obtained through final operation according to the structural characteristics of the shape and the size of the antenna and the magnetic conductivity and the dielectric constant of the material.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an automatic layout system of MIMO antennas for a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of antenna position planning and spatial meshing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a discrete electromagnetic simulation module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a diagram of an antenna layout scheme according to an embodiment of the present invention;
reference numerals: 1. a mobile terminal frame; 2. an antenna placeable area; 3. a three-dimensional grid space; 4. antenna layout scheme structure data.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and all the inventions which make use of the inventive concept are protected by the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined in the appended claims to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, in one embodiment of the present invention, a MIMO antenna automatic layout system for a mobile terminal includes:
the space planning module is used for planning each MIMO antenna position according to the MIMO antenna layout area set by the user;
the antenna layout module is used for carrying out space gridding modeling on each planned MIMO antenna position, constructing grid spaces, and randomly setting antenna layout in each grid space according to the electric rule of the mobile terminal antenna to obtain an antenna layout scheme;
the discrete electromagnetic simulation module is used for carrying out electromagnetic simulation on the antenna layout scheme according to the space electromagnetic operation neural network model to obtain a performance result;
the performance judging module is used for judging whether the performance result of the antenna layout scheme meets the performance requirement set by a user, if yes, the antenna layout scheme passes through, and if not, the antenna layout scheme is redesigned by the feedback antenna layout module.
Fig. 2 shows an antenna layout manner on a mobile terminal frame 1 according to the present embodiment, the number of the antenna placeable areas 2 on the mobile terminal frame 1 is greater than 2, in fig. 2, the left side view is the mobile terminal frame 1 and the antenna placeable areas 2 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the antenna placeable areas 2 are distributed on the mobile terminal frame 1, and the right side view in fig. 2 is a three-dimensional grid space 3 constructed based on the left side view in fig. 2 according to the embodiment of the present invention, which represents three-dimensional grid modeling of one antenna placeable area 2.
In this embodiment, the division of the left and right side views in fig. 2 and 3 is bounded by non-standard brackets.
The method for obtaining the antenna layout scheme by the antenna layout module comprises the following steps:
a1, performing three-dimensional space gridding modeling on each planned MIMO antenna position to construct a three-dimensional grid space;
a2, selecting each MIMO antenna type according to the form of each three-dimensional grid space:
if the three-dimensional grid space is a strip shape which is tightly attached to the cavity shell of the mobile terminal, setting the MIMO antenna type as a metal frame antenna;
if the three-dimensional grid space is in other forms, setting the MIMO antenna type as an FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit, flexible circuit board) antenna;
a3, randomly setting antenna layout in each three-dimensional grid space according to the electric rule of the mobile terminal antenna to obtain an antenna layout scheme.
The MIMO antenna of the embodiment of the invention is a metal frame antenna.
The metal frame antenna and the FPC antenna are of various antenna types, are not easy to interfere with other parts of the mobile terminal in structure, and have high electromagnetic performance. The antenna has compact structure and small size, and is most suitable for being used as a MIMO antenna of the mobile terminal.
The mobile terminal antenna electrical rules are:
the FPC antenna is a graphical metal layer comprising a flexible substrate and a surface of the flexible substrate;
the metal frame antenna is of a graphical metal structure;
the patterned metal layer or patterned metal structure comprises: a grounding metal plate, a strip-shaped feeding branch, and a strip-shaped short-circuit branch with one end connected with the grounding metal plate and the other end connected with the feeding branch.
The antenna layout module randomly sets antenna layout in each three-dimensional grid space according to the electrical rule of the mobile terminal antenna, and the method for obtaining the antenna layout scheme comprises the following steps:
the sizes of the grounding metal plate, the feeding branch and the short-circuit branch, and the bending shapes of the feeding branch and the short-circuit branch are randomly changed.
The invention relates to an electric rule of an Antenna of a mobile terminal and a self-adaptive adjustment method of an Antenna layout scheme, which is a method for adaptively constructing an IFA (Inverted-F) Antenna based on three-dimensional grid space, and the invention uses a space discrete and self-adaptive optimization mode to ensure that a computer system can automatically complete the design of the MIMO Antenna layout scheme of the mobile terminal based on the hardware type of an FPC Antenna or a metal frame Antenna and the style type of the IFA Antenna under the condition that the IFA Antenna is completely taken as the core characteristic of an aperture Antenna.
As shown in fig. 3, the spatial electromagnetic operation neural network model of the discrete electromagnetic simulation module includes:
the parallel convolution layer is used for carrying out two-dimensional convolution operation on the structural data of each layer of XY plane of the three-dimensional grid space in parallel to obtain a plurality of feature arrays; the parallel convolution layer comprises parallel convolution operation channels with the same number as the Z-axis grids of the three-dimensional grid space;
the data fusion layer is used for converting each feature array into a corresponding feature vector and splicing the feature vectors to be used as data fusion vectors;
and the finite impulse response operation layer is used for carrying out finite-length weighting operation on the data fusion vector and solving the scattering parameter of the antenna layout scheme to serve as a performance result.
In fig. 3, the left side view is a three-dimensional grid space 3 constructed according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the antenna layout scheme structure data 4 in the right side view in fig. 3 is data of parallel convolution layers input in an XY plane manner of each layer by dividing the three-dimensional grid space 3 in layers. The operation expression of each convolution operation channel is as follows:
；
wherein i, j,、/>For serial number->For the element of row j of the nth feature array,/-column->The nth of the convolution kernel of the channel is calculated for the nth convolution>Go->Column element (s)/(S)>The antenna layout scheme is located in the n-th layer of the three-dimensional grid space>And the coordinate material codes, and n is a positive integer.
The material coding value is complex, the real part of the complex is the dielectric constant of the antenna material under the corresponding coordinates of the three-dimensional grid space, and the imaginary part is the magnetic permeability of the corresponding antenna material.
The expression of the finite impulse response operation layer is:
；
wherein, l and k are serial numbers, m is a scattering coefficient label,for the scattering coefficient number m, < >>For the m number k weighting parameter, L is the impulse response weighting length, +.>For the offset coefficient number m, < >>Is the k minus l element of the data fusion vector.
The discrete electromagnetic simulation module essentially uses multilayer plane operation, simplifies three-dimensional space operation, and realizes space-based high-order calculus operation through convolution operation and finite impulse response operation. The convolution kernel elements, the weighting parameters and the bias coefficients can be obtained through training of various existing machine learning technologies, the invention is not repeated, after machine learning, the discrete electromagnetic simulation module can realize Maxwell equation operation, and finally, four most important scattering coefficients S11, S12, S21 and S22 of the antenna are obtained through final operation according to the structural characteristics of the shape and the size of the antenna and the magnetic conductivity and the dielectric constant of the material.
The four scattering coefficients are the most extensive antenna performance evaluation indexes in the field of radio frequency microblog, and the invention is not repeated.
And after the performance judging module judges that the four scattering coefficients all meet the requirements set by a user, the antenna is designed through an antenna layout scheme.
Fig. 4 is a diagram of the result of the antenna layout scheme for automatic shooting according to the embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, in the embodiment, the invention can automatically generate the IFA antenna with the metal frame antenna type as the MIMO antenna of the mobile terminal.
In summary, the invention automatically carries out space gridding modeling according to the user-set layout area of the MIMO antenna in the mobile terminal equipment, generates the antenna layout scheme and carries out simulation operation, and presents the antenna layout scheme with the performance meeting the user requirement to the user, thereby greatly reducing the research and development difficulty of the MIMO antenna of the mobile terminal, being beneficial to the individual design of the mobile terminal, reducing the industry threshold and improving the industry productivity.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present invention; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will have variations in the specific embodiments and application scope in accordance with the ideas of the present invention, the present description should not be construed as limiting the present invention in view of the above.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the embodiments described herein are for the purpose of aiding the reader in understanding the principles of the present invention and should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to such specific statements and embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make various other specific modifications and combinations from the teachings of the present disclosure without departing from the spirit thereof, and such modifications and combinations remain within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (3)
1. An automatic layout system for MIMO antennas of a mobile terminal, comprising:
the space planning module is used for planning each MIMO antenna position according to the MIMO antenna layout area set by the user;
the antenna layout module is used for carrying out space gridding modeling on each planned MIMO antenna position, constructing grid spaces, and randomly setting antenna layout in each grid space according to the electric rule of the mobile terminal antenna to obtain an antenna layout scheme;
the discrete electromagnetic simulation module is used for carrying out electromagnetic simulation on the antenna layout scheme according to the space electromagnetic operation neural network model to obtain a performance result;
the performance judging module is used for judging whether the performance result of the antenna layout scheme meets the performance requirement set by a user, if so, the performance result passes, and if not, the feedback antenna layout module redesigns the antenna layout scheme;
the number of the MIMO antenna placeable areas is greater than 2;
the method for obtaining the antenna layout scheme by the antenna layout module comprises the following steps:
a1, performing three-dimensional space gridding modeling on each planned MIMO antenna position to construct a three-dimensional grid space;
a2, selecting each MIMO antenna type according to the form of each three-dimensional grid space:
if the three-dimensional grid space is a strip shape which is tightly attached to the cavity shell of the mobile terminal, setting the MIMO antenna type as a metal frame antenna;
if the three-dimensional grid space is in other forms, setting the MIMO antenna type as an FPC antenna;
a3, randomly setting antenna layout in each three-dimensional grid space according to the electrical rule of the mobile terminal antenna to obtain an antenna layout scheme;
the space electromagnetic operation neural network model of the discrete electromagnetic simulation module comprises:
the parallel convolution layer is used for carrying out two-dimensional convolution operation on the structural data of each layer of XY plane of the three-dimensional grid space in parallel to obtain a plurality of feature arrays; the parallel convolution layer comprises parallel convolution operation channels with the same number as the Z-axis grids of the three-dimensional grid space;
the data fusion layer is used for converting each feature array into a corresponding feature vector and splicing the feature vectors to be used as data fusion vectors;
the finite impulse response operation layer is used for carrying out finite-length weighting operation on the data fusion vector, and solving scattering parameters of the antenna layout scheme to serve as a performance result;
the operation expression of each convolution operation channel is as follows:
；
wherein i, j,、/>For serial number->For the element of row j of the nth feature array,/-column->The nth of the convolution kernel of the channel is calculated for the nth convolution>Go->Column element (s)/(S)>The antenna layout scheme is located in the n-th layer of the three-dimensional grid space>A coordinate material coding value, n is a positive integer;
the expression of the finite impulse response operation layer is as follows:
；
wherein, l and k are serial numbers, m is a scattering coefficient label,for m-ary scatteringCoefficient of->For the m number k weighting parameter, L is the impulse response weighting length, +.>For the offset coefficient number m, < >>Is the k minus l element of the data fusion vector.
2. The automatic layout system of MIMO antennas for a mobile terminal according to claim 1, wherein the mobile terminal antenna electrical rules are:
the FPC antenna is a graphical metal layer comprising a flexible substrate and a surface of the flexible substrate;
the metal frame antenna is of a graphical metal structure;
the patterned metal layer or patterned metal structure comprises: a grounding metal plate, a strip-shaped feeding branch, and a strip-shaped short-circuit branch with one end connected with the grounding metal plate and the other end connected with the feeding branch.
3. The automatic layout system of MIMO antenna for mobile terminal according to claim 2, wherein the antenna layout module randomly sets the antenna layout in each three-dimensional grid space according to the electrical rule of the mobile terminal antenna, and the method for obtaining the antenna layout scheme is as follows:
the sizes of the grounding metal plate, the feeding branch and the short-circuit branch, and the bending shapes of the feeding branch and the short-circuit branch are randomly changed.
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