CN117269575A - High-voltage capacitive voltage divider - Google Patents
High-voltage capacitive voltage divider Download PDFInfo
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- CN117269575A CN117269575A CN202311481941.7A CN202311481941A CN117269575A CN 117269575 A CN117269575 A CN 117269575A CN 202311481941 A CN202311481941 A CN 202311481941A CN 117269575 A CN117269575 A CN 117269575A
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- 239000011104 metalized film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100394256 Streptococcus pyogenes hasC gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 101150068911 hasC1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/04—Voltage dividers
- G01R15/06—Voltage dividers having reactive components, e.g. capacitive transformer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
- G01R1/02—General constructional details
- G01R1/04—Housings; Supporting members; Arrangements of terminals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
- G01R1/02—General constructional details
- G01R1/04—Housings; Supporting members; Arrangements of terminals
- G01R1/0408—Test fixtures or contact fields; Connectors or connecting adaptors; Test clips; Test sockets
- G01R1/0416—Connectors, terminals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R3/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of measuring instruments, e.g. of probe tips
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a high-voltage capacitive voltage divider, which comprises a cylindrical insulating shell (12) and a capacitor element (1) assembled in the shell (12); the capacitor element (1) comprises a cylindrical core rod (2) and a plurality of layers of metallized films and insulating dielectric films (4) wound on the cylindrical core rod (2); the metallized film comprises a double-sided metallized film (3), a first single-sided metallized film (5) and a second single-sided metallized film (6); the double-sided metallized film (3) comprises an insulating base film, a first layer of polar plate (7) and a second layer of polar plate (8) which are vapor-deposited on the upper surface and the lower surface of the corresponding insulating base film; the first single-sided metallized film (5) comprises an insulating base film and a third layer polar plate (9) which is evaporated on the upper surface of the corresponding insulating base film; the second single-sided metallized film (6) comprises an insulating base film and a fourth-layer polar plate (10) which is evaporated on the upper surface of the corresponding insulating base film.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electrical equipment, in particular to a high-voltage capacitive voltage divider.
Background
With the continuous development of ultra-high voltage power transmission and transformation technology in China, in a high-voltage power system, in order to realize the functions of long-distance communication, remote measurement, selective line high-frequency protection, remote control and the like of a power transmission line, a capacitive voltage transformer and a power taking power supply suitable for the ultra-high voltage power system are researched, and the equipment needs a high-voltage capacitive voltage divider which is small in volume, large in capacity, reliable and stable. The existing high-voltage divider has large volume or small capacitance, and the overvoltage performance is poor and is not suitable for being applied to the equipment. Therefore, a high-voltage capacitive voltage divider which is small in size, high in insulating property and stable and reliable in operation is developed and produced by adopting a new technology and a new process to be matched with the high-voltage capacitive voltage divider so as to meet the use requirements of the capacitive voltage transformer and the power supply of the ultra-high voltage distribution network.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-voltage capacitive voltage divider.
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
a high voltage capacitive voltage divider comprising a cylindrical insulating housing and a capacitor element mounted within the housing; the capacitor element comprises a cylindrical core rod, and a plurality of layers of metallized films and insulating dielectric films which are wound on the cylindrical core rod; the metallized film comprises a double-sided metallized film, a first single-sided metallized film and a second single-sided metallized film; the double-sided metallized film comprises an insulating base film, a first layer of polar plate and a second layer of polar plate which are evaporated on the upper surface and the lower surface of the insulating base film respectively; the first single-sided metallized film comprises an insulating base film and a third layer polar plate which is evaporated on the upper surface of the corresponding insulating base film; the second single-sided metallized film comprises an insulating base film and a fourth layer of polar plate which is evaporated on the upper surface of the corresponding insulating base film.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention provides a high-voltage capacitive voltage divider which comprises a capacitor element, an insulating shell and a wiring terminal, wherein a metallized film and an insulating dielectric film are alternately compounded and wound into the capacitor element, and the metallized film comprises a double-sided metallized film and two single-sided metallized films; the upper surface and the lower surface of the double-sided metallized film are provided with strip-shaped metal polar plates which are arranged at the same interval in a staggered manner, the upper surface of the single-sided metallized film is provided with strip-shaped metal polar plates which are arranged at the same interval in a staggered manner, and the polar plates of the two single-sided metallized films are arranged in a staggered manner to form a plurality of series capacitor units with the same superposition area between the polar plates.
The high-voltage capacitive voltage divider provided by the invention has the characteristics of small volume, high insulating strength and stable and reliable operation;
the high-voltage capacitive voltage divider is wound into the capacitor element by adopting a special winding machine, the winding mode is doubled compared with a flat plate mode, the capacitor element unit is in an internal serial connection mode, the structure is compact, the voltage resistance is high, the volume is reduced, and the influence of stray capacitance and the interference of an external electric field are reduced; the polar plates are all extremely thin metal plating layers, and have good self-healing property when the dielectric film breaks down, so that insulation failure caused by breakdown of film electric weak points or partial discharge breakdown can be effectively eliminated, and the working stability and reliability of the voltage divider are ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of capacitor winding of a high-voltage capacitive voltage divider according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a capacitor element winding material of a high-voltage capacitive voltage divider according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a high-voltage capacitive voltage divider according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1. capacitor element
2. Cylindrical core rod
3. Double-sided metallized film
4. Insulating dielectric film
5. First single-sided metallized film
6. Second single-sided metallized film
7. First layer polar plate
8. Second layer polar plate
9. Third layer polar plate
10. Fourth layer polar plate
11. High-voltage terminal
12. Outer casing
13. Insulating potting material
14. Medium voltage wiring terminal
15. Grounding terminal
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
As shown with reference to figures 1 to 3,
a high voltage capacitive voltage divider comprising a cylindrical insulating housing 12 and a capacitor 1 fitted within said housing 12; the capacitor element 1 comprises a cylindrical core rod 2 and a plurality of layers of metallized films and insulating dielectric films 4 which are wound on the cylindrical core rod 2; the metallized film comprises a double-sided metallized film 3, a first single-sided metallized film 5 and a second single-sided metallized film 6; the double-sided metallized film 3 comprises an insulating base film, a first layer polar plate 7 and a second layer polar plate 8 which are vapor-deposited on the upper surface and the lower surface of the corresponding insulating base film; the first single-sided metallized film 5 comprises an insulating base film and a third layer polar plate 9 which is evaporated on the upper surface of the corresponding insulating base film; the second single-sided metallized film 6 comprises an insulating base film and a fourth layer of polar plate 10 which is vapor-deposited on the upper surface of the corresponding insulating base film.
The high voltage terminal 11 is bolted to the capacitor element 1 and extends out of the housing 12, and the medium voltage terminal 14 and the ground terminal 15 are led out by a multi-strand insulated cord.
The first layer polar plate 7, the second layer polar plate 8, the third layer polar plate 9 and the fourth layer polar plate 10 are all strip-shaped metal layers which are arranged at equal intervals b along the width direction; the width of a first polar plate strip at the left side of the first polar plate 7 is (delta+f+e), the widths of the other polar plates are a, and the electrode (staggered delta) is led out and the edge creepage distance f is increased;
each pole strip of the second layer pole plate 8 has a width a and corresponds to the spacing position of the pole strips of the first layer pole plate 7;
the electrode strips of the third layer electrode plate 9 are arranged reversely relative to the electrode strips of the second layer electrode plate 8, and the electrode strips of the fourth layer electrode plate 10 are arranged reversely relative to the electrode strips of the first layer electrode plate 7.
The material widths of the double-sided metallized film 3 and the second single-sided metallized film 6 are more than the material widths of the insulating dielectric film 4 and the first single-sided metallized film 5 by delta, and delta is 0.8mm-1.5mm.
A superposition area separated by the base film of the double-sided metallized film 3 and the insulating dielectric film 4 exists between the first layer polar plate 7 and the third layer polar plate 9 to form a capacitance unit C 1 ；
A superposition area separated by the insulating dielectric film 4 exists between the third layer polar plate 9 and the second layer polar plate 8 to form a capacitance unit C 2 ；
A superposition area separated by the base film of the first single-sided metallized film 5 and the insulating dielectric film 4 exists between the second layer polar plate 8 and the fourth layer polar plate 10 to form a capacitance unit C 3 ；
A superposition area separated by the base film of the first single-sided metallized film 5, the insulating dielectric film 4 and the base film of the double-sided metallized film 3 exists between the fourth layer polar plate 10 and the first layer polar plate 7 to form a capacitance unit C 4 ；
The capacitor unit C 1 The capacitor unitC 2 The capacitor unit C 3 The capacitor unit C 4 The series connection forms a capacitor combination unit C'.
And an overlapping area is formed between the first layer polar plate 7 and the third layer polar plate 9, between the third layer polar plate 9 and the second layer polar plate 8, between the second layer polar plate 8 and the fourth layer polar plate 10 and between the fourth layer polar plate 10 and the first layer polar plate 7, the widths of the overlapping areas are equal, and the widths of the overlapping areas are all e.
The capacitance of the capacitor unit is calculated as follows:
C i ＝KS/d i
wherein i=1, 2, 3, 4;
k is an empirical value, and is related to the dielectric constant of the medium and the compaction coefficient of the winding process, and the value of the polypropylene film medium is 37-40;
d i the total thickness of the medium between the polar plates in the capacitance unit i is as follows:
s is the effective area of the capacitor unit, s=el; wherein e is the effective width of the capacitor unit pole plate, and L is the effective length of the capacitor unit pole plate;
as can be seen from the above, since K and S of each capacitor unit are the same, the unit capacitance value C i Total thickness d of medium between electrode plates i Inversely proportional;
when the capacitors are connected in series, the capacitance polar plates of the series unit capacitors store the same charge Q, and when the voltage U is applied to the two ends of the capacitors, the calculation formula of the distributed voltage on the capacitor units is as follows:
U i ＝CU/C i
in U i The distributed voltage on the capacitor unit is C is the capacitance value of the whole voltage divider, and U is the voltage applied to the two ends of the voltage divider;
it can be seen that the voltage U applied across the capacitor is based on the capacitance C of the capacitor cell i The magnitudes of (2) are inversely proportional to the magnitudes of the corresponding capacitive elements.
When the capacitors are connected in series, the capacitance plates of the series unit are the same in stored charge Q, and when the voltage U is applied to the two ends of the voltage divider, the calculation formula of the distributed voltage on the capacitance units is as follows:
U i ＝CU/C i
in U i The distributed voltage on the capacitor unit is C is the capacitance value of the whole voltage divider, and U is the voltage applied to the two ends of the voltage divider;
it can be seen that the voltage U applied across the capacitor is based on the capacitance C of the capacitor cell i The magnitudes of (2) are inversely proportional to the magnitudes of the corresponding capacitive elements;
when the area S of the overlapping part between the polar plates is the same, the electric field intensity E on each capacitance unit medium i The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
E i ＝U i /di＝(CU/C i )/di
c is as described above i Is substituted by the expression of (2) to obtain:
E i ＝CU/KS
when the technical requirements of the capacitor, the material of the capacitor and the manufacturing process are determined, K, C, U and S are constant values, so that the electric field strength E on the medium of each capacitor unit i It is also theoretically definite, as can be seen from the above, the electric field strength E on the respective capacitor cell medium i Only the effective area of the plate. Therefore, when the voltage divider is manufactured, the effective area S, namely the deviation of the effective width e of the polar plate, can be controlled, the difference of the electric field intensity on the medium of each capacitor unit can be reduced, and the insulation performance of the capacitor unit can be ensured by adding the redundant design of the working field intensity, so that the working stability and reliability of the voltage divider are improved.
Four capacitance units C1, C2, C3 and C4 in the dashed line frame of FIG. 2 are sequentially connected in series by metal polar plates and are called a capacitance combination unit C'. The total capacitance C of the capacitor is formed by the series connection of a plurality of capacitance combination units C'.
As can be seen from fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the right end of the capacitor element 1 has only C as the fourth layer of electrode plate 10 needs to be extended 1 、C 2 And C 3 Three capacitor units. Similarly, if the third layer plate 9 at the right end needs to be extended, the capacitor assembly unit at the rightmost side only has C 1 A capacitor unit; if the second electrode plate 8 at the right end needs to extend, the capacitor assembly unit at the rightmost side only hasC 1 、C 2 Two capacitor units; if the first electrode plate 7 at the right end needs to extend, the rightmost capacitor combination unit is just C', namely C 1 、C 2 、C 3 、C 4 Four capacitor units.
The capacitance value of one capacitance combination unit is C', because of C 1 ＝C 3 The calculation formula is as follows:
C'＝C 1 C 2 C 4 /(C 1 C 4 +2C 2 C 4 +C 1 C 2 )
the calculation formula of the voltage distributed on the capacitor combination unit C' is U C' ＝CU/C'。
The interval distance between two adjacent electrode strips of the same layer of electrode plate of the metallized film is b, and the voltage along the width direction of the surface of the base film is equal to the distribution voltage U on the capacitor combined unit C' By voltage U C' Formed field strength E in width direction C' The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
E C' ＝U C' /b＝CU/(bC')
e to avoid corona and flashover between adjacent plates in operation C' The design of b only meets short-time test voltage and long-time working voltage, and can ensure the working stability and reliability of the voltage divider.
On the premise of determining the volume of the voltage divider, the requirements of the capacitance value and the withstand voltage specified by technical conditions can be met by adjusting the width a of each polar plate strip of the metallized film polar plate, the spacing b of polar plate strips on the same layer and the serial number of the capacitance units in design.
The high-voltage capacitive voltage divider comprises a prime 1, a double-sided metallized film 3, an insulating dielectric film 4, a first single-sided metallized film 5 and a second single-sided metallized film 6 which are sequentially laminated and compositely wound on a core rod 2 from top to bottom to prepare the prime 1; the strip-shaped metal polar plates of the double-sided metallized film 3, the first single-sided metallized film 5 and the second single-sided metallized film 6 are arranged in a staggered manner, so that a plurality of series capacitor units with the same polar plate effective area are formed.
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, each film of the laminated composite is spread out toward the length direction of the strip electrode plate. The double-sided metallized film 3 is formed by evaporating first layer strip-shaped metal polar plates which are arranged at intervals on the upper surface of the base film, evaporating second layer strip-shaped metal polar plates which are arranged at intervals on the lower surface of the base film, wherein the second layer strip-shaped metal polar plates are correspondingly arranged in the intervals of the first layer strip-shaped metal polar plates. The first single-sided metallized film 5 is formed by evaporating third layer strip-shaped metal plates which are distributed at intervals on the upper surface of the base film, and the arrangement intervals and the sequence of the plates are the same as those of the second layer metal plates of the double-sided metallized film 3 after the second layer metal plates are rotated 180 degrees in the width direction. And the second single-sided metallized film 6 is formed by evaporating a fourth layer of strip-shaped metal polar plates which are arranged at intervals on the upper surface of the base film, wherein the arrangement intervals and the sequence of the polar plates are the same as those of the first layer of metal polar plates of the double-sided metallized film 3 after the first layer of metal polar plates rotate 180 degrees in the width direction.
As shown in fig. 2, the left side edge of the double-sided metallized film 3 extends to the left beyond the left side edge of the rest of the film by a film offset delta so as to meet the process requirement of connecting the metal electrode plate at the end of the element with the metal spraying layer. The strip-shaped metal polar plates along the left edge of the upper surface of the double-sided metallized film 3 in the width direction are sprayed with metal for the end parts of the capacitor elements, the creepage distance between the edge polar plates is prolonged, the widths of the metal polar plates are delta+f+e, and the widths of other metal polar plates on the double-sided metallized film 3 are all a. The widths of the strip-shaped metal polar plates on the upper surface of the first single-sided metallized film 5 are all a. The width of the strip-shaped metal polar plate at the rightmost edge of the upper surface of the second single-sided metallized film 6 is delta+f+e, and the widths of the rest metal polar plates are all a. Wherein f is a film edge widening value, so as to increase creepage distance of the terminal of the element and improve insulation performance of the terminal of the element. e is the effective width of the two opposite coincident polar plates.
The insulating dielectric film 4 and the first single-sided metallized film 5 have the same width and are narrower than the double-sided metallized film 3 and the second single-sided metallized film 6 by δ (δ is referred to as film misalignment), and are made of the same material.
The upper surface strip metal polar plate of the double-sided metallized film 3 is made into a first layer polar plate 7, the lower surface strip metal polar plate is made into a second layer polar plate 8, the surface strip metal polar plate of the first single-sided metallized film 5 is made into a third layer polar plate 9, and the second single-sided metallized film is made into a second single-sided metallized filmThe surface strip metal plate of the surface metallized film 6 is a fourth layer plate 10. In the dashed-line frame region of fig. 2, there is a superposed region between the electrode plate 7 and the electrode plate 9, which is separated by the base film of the double-sided metallized film 3 and the insulating dielectric film 4, forming a capacitor cell C 1 . A superposition area separated by the insulating dielectric film 4 exists between the polar plate 9 and the polar plate 8 to form a capacitance unit C 2 . The electrode plate 8 and the electrode plate 10 have overlapping areas separated by the base film of the first single-sided metallized film 5 and the insulating dielectric film 4 to form a capacitor unit C 3 . A superposition area separated by the base film of the first single-sided metallized film 5, the insulating dielectric film 4 and the base film of the double-sided metallized film 3 exists between the polar plate 10 and the polar plate 7 to form a capacitor unit C 4 。
Capacitor unit C 1 、C 2 、C 3 And C 4 The effective areas of the two electrode plates are the same, the number of insulating medium layers between the electrode plates is 2, 1, 2 and 3, so that the capacitance of the capacitance units formed by the two electrode plates is different, and only C 1 ＝C 3 。
The invention forms strip-shaped metallized alloy layers (called polar plates for short) with equidistant intervals and the same width along the length direction of a base film on the surface of a high polymer organic film (called as a base film) respectively by a high vacuum evaporation rapid cooling method, the two surfaces of the base film are both coated with metallized layers by evaporation and are double-sided metallized films, and the positions of upper and lower strip-shaped metallized layers are respectively arranged in the intervals of opposite metallized layers; the base film with only one surface vapor plating metallization layer is a single-sided metallization film, the base film without vapor plating metallization layer (called as an insulating dielectric film), the double-sided metallization film and the two single-sided metallization films are compounded according to designed metallization layer errors, the double-sided metallization film and the single-sided metallization film are separated by a layer of insulating dielectric film, and then the laminated combination of the materials is wound into a cylindrical element 1, wherein the separated strip-shaped metal polar plates form tens of capacitor units with the same polar plate effective area through staggered arrangement, and the capacitor units are connected in series inside the capacitor element by the metal polar plates, so that the voltage divider has compact structure and high voltage resistance, is beneficial to reducing the volume and reducing the influence of stray capacitance and the interference of an external electric field.
The above examples are only for illustrating the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that any modifications and equivalents that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A high voltage capacitive voltage divider, characterized by comprising a cylindrical insulating housing (12) and a capacitor element (1) fitted inside said housing (12);
the capacitor element (1) comprises a cylindrical core rod (2) and a plurality of layers of metallized films and insulating dielectric films (4) wound on the cylindrical core rod (2);
the metallized film comprises a double-sided metallized film (3), a first single-sided metallized film (5) and a second single-sided metallized film (6);
the double-sided metallized film (3) comprises an insulating base film, a first layer of polar plate (7) and a second layer of polar plate (8) which are vapor-deposited on the upper surface and the lower surface of the corresponding insulating base film;
the first single-sided metallized film (5) comprises an insulating base film and a third layer polar plate (9) which is evaporated on the upper surface of the corresponding insulating base film;
the second single-sided metallized film (6) comprises an insulating base film and a fourth-layer polar plate (10) which is evaporated on the upper surface of the corresponding insulating base film.
2. A high voltage power divider according to claim 1, characterized in that,
the high-voltage wiring terminal (11) is connected to the capacitor element (1) through a bolt and extends out of the shell (12), and the medium-voltage wiring terminal (14) and the grounding terminal (15) are led out through a multi-strand insulation flexible wire.
3. A high voltage power divider according to claim 1, characterized in that,
the first layer polar plate (7), the second layer polar plate (8), the third layer polar plate (9) and the fourth layer polar plate (10) are all strip-shaped metal layers which are arranged at equal intervals (b) along the width direction; the width of a first polar plate strip at the left side of the first polar plate (7) is (delta+f+e), the widths of the rest polar plates are a, and the electrode (staggered delta) is led out and the edge creepage distance (f) is increased;
the width of each polar plate strip of the second polar plate (8) is a, and the polar plate strips correspond to the spacing positions of the polar plate strips of the first polar plate (7);
the electrode strips of the third layer electrode plate (9) are reversely arranged relative to the electrode strips of the second layer electrode plate (8), and the electrode strips of the fourth layer electrode plate (10) are reversely arranged relative to the electrode strips of the first layer electrode plate (7).
4. A high voltage power divider according to claim 3, characterized in that,
the material widths of the double-sided metallized film (3) and the second single-sided metallized film (6) are more than the material widths of the insulating dielectric film (4) and the first single-sided metallized film (5), and delta is 0.8mm-1.5mm.
5. A high voltage power divider according to claim 3, characterized in that,
a superposition area separated by the base film of the double-sided metallized film (3) and the insulating dielectric film (4) exists between the first layer polar plate (7) and the third layer polar plate (9) to form a capacitor unit C 1 ；
A superposition area separated by the insulating dielectric film (4) exists between the third layer polar plate (9) and the second layer polar plate (8) to form a capacitance unit C 2 ；
A superposition area separated by the base film of the first single-sided metallized film (5) and the insulating dielectric film (4) exists between the second layer polar plate (8) and the fourth layer polar plate (10) to form a capacitor unit C 3 ；
A superposition area separated by the base film of the first single-sided metallized film (5), the insulating dielectric film (4) and the base film of the double-sided metallized film (3) exists between the fourth layer polar plate (10) and the first layer polar plate (7) to form a capacitance unit C 4 ；
The capacitor unit C 1 The capacitor unit C 2 The capacitor unit C 3 The capacitor unit C 4 The series connection forms a capacitor combination unit C'.
6. The high voltage capacitive voltage divider according to claim 5, characterized in that there is an overlap region between the first layer plate (7) and the third layer plate (9), between the third layer plate (9) and the second layer plate (8), between the second layer plate (8) and the fourth layer plate (10), between the fourth layer plate (10) and the first layer plate (7), the widths of the overlap regions being equal, the widths of the overlap regions being e.
7. The high voltage capacitive voltage divider of claim 5, wherein the capacitance of the capacitive element is calculated as:
C i ＝KS/d i
wherein i=1, 2, 3, 4;
k is an empirical value, and is related to the dielectric constant of the medium and the compaction coefficient of the winding process, and the value of the polypropylene film medium is 37-40;
d i the total thickness of the medium between the polar plates in the capacitance unit i is as follows:
s is the effective area of the capacitor unit, s=el; wherein e is the effective width of the capacitor unit pole plate, and L is the effective length of the capacitor unit pole plate;
since K and S of each capacitor unit are the same, the unit capacitance value C i Total thickness d of medium between electrode plates i Inversely proportional;
when the capacitors are connected in series, the capacitance plates of the series unit are the same in stored charge Q, and when the voltage U is applied to the two ends of the voltage divider, the calculation formula of the distributed voltage on the capacitance units is as follows:
U i ＝CU/C i
in U i The distributed voltage on the capacitor unit is C is the capacitance value of the whole voltage divider, and U is the voltage applied to the two ends of the voltage divider;
it can be seen that the voltage U applied across the capacitor is based on the capacitance of the capacitor cellC i The magnitudes of (2) are inversely proportional to the magnitudes of the corresponding capacitive elements;
when the area S of the overlapping part between the polar plates is the same, the electric field intensity E on each capacitance unit medium i The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
E i ＝U i /di＝(CU/C i )/di
c is as described above i Is substituted by the expression of (2) to obtain:
E i ＝CU/KS
K. c, U and S are constant values, the electric field strength E on the medium of each capacitor unit i Theoretically, it can be seen from the above that the electric field strength E on each capacitor cell medium i Only the effective area of the plate.
8. A high voltage capacitive voltage divider according to claim 3, characterized in that the distance between adjacent strips of the same layer of plates of metallized film is b, the voltage across the surface of the base film being equal to the distribution voltage U across the capacitive assembly C' By voltage U C' Formed field strength E in width direction C' The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
E C' ＝U C' /b＝CU/(bC')。
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| CN202311481941.7A CN117269575A (en) | 2023-11-08 | 2023-11-08 | High-voltage capacitive voltage divider |
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