CN117261559A

CN117261559A - Vehicle window assembly and vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN117261559A
Application number: CN202311311520.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蔡峰; 王鸿飞; 何长龙; 王典洪; 李炜军; 张灿忠
Original assignee: Fuyao Glass Industry Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Fuyao Glass Industry Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-10-11
Filing date: 2023-10-11
Publication date: 2023-12-22

Abstract

The application relates to a door window subassembly and vehicle, door window subassembly includes: an optical sensor mounted inside the vehicle; the window glass is provided with an optical window in the visual field of the optical sensor, and comprises outer glass, an adhesive layer and inner glass which are sequentially laminated, wherein the adhesive layer is provided with a first surface and a second surface which are opposite, and a first through hole penetrating through the first surface and the second surface is formed in the adhesive layer; the optical window is positioned in the first through hole, and the absolute value of the horizontal diopter of the optical window is less than or equal to 60mrad. According to the vehicle window assembly, the absolute value of the horizontal diopter of the optical window can be smaller than or equal to 60mrad, the imaging quality of the optical sensor is effectively improved, and the requirement that the diopter value of the optical window is 200mrad is far smaller than that of the related technology. In addition, the horizontal diopter of the optical window is not influenced by the adhesive layer, so that the detection quality of the optical sensor is improved, and the diopter requirement of the camera with high precision and narrow horizontal field angle can be met.

Description

Vehicle window assembly and vehicle

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a vehicle window assembly and a vehicle.

Background

With the development of automobile intelligent technologies such as auxiliary driving and automatic driving, the number of cameras required by vehicles is increased from the installation of only one camera to the installation of two, three or more cameras, and the requirements on the shooting definition of the cameras are also greatly improved.

For a vehicle with a front-view camera assembly (FCM, front Camera Modu le) mounted on the front windshield, the camera needs to acquire a real-time view of the vehicle in the traveling direction through the front windshield, and therefore, the diopter of an optical transmission area in the front windshield for the camera to acquire the view outside the vehicle needs to meet corresponding requirements.

Disclosure of Invention

The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the application provides the vehicle window assembly and the vehicle, so that the absolute value of the horizontal diopter of the optical sensor at the optical window corresponding to the vehicle window glass is smaller than or equal to 60mrad, and the imaging quality of the optical sensor is effectively improved.

In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a vehicle window assembly comprising:

an optical sensor mounted inside the vehicle;

the window glass is provided with an optical window in the visual field of the optical sensor, and comprises outer glass, an adhesive layer and inner glass which are sequentially laminated, wherein the adhesive layer is provided with a first surface and a second surface which are opposite, and a first through hole penetrating through the first surface and the second surface is formed in the adhesive layer;

The optical window is positioned in the first through hole, and the absolute value of the horizontal diopter of the optical window is less than or equal to 60mrad.

The vehicle window assembly according to the first aspect of the application has at least the following advantages:

according to the vehicle window assembly, the absolute value of the horizontal diopter of the optical window can be smaller than or equal to 60mrad, the imaging quality of the optical sensor is effectively improved, and the requirement that the diopter value of the optical window is 200mrad is far smaller than that of the related technology. In addition, the horizontal diopter of the optical window is not influenced by the adhesive layer, so that the detection quality of the optical sensor is improved, and the diopter requirement of the camera with high precision and narrow horizontal field angle can be met.

In some embodiments, the relative position of the glazing and the optical sensor satisfies the following condition:

after the window assembly is mounted on a vehicle, an included angle between a connecting line of the top end and the bottom end of the window glass and the central axis of the optical sensor is alpha; the vertical field angle of the optical sensor is beta; the length of a connecting line between the top end and the bottom end of the first through hole is a; the intersection length of the vertical view field of the optical sensor and the outer layer glass is b;

Wherein a is more than or equal to b+10;

and b=k1× [1/tan (α - β/2) -1/tan (α+β/2) ], K1 being a constant and k1=12 to 18.

In some embodiments, the relative position of the glazing and the optical sensor further satisfies the following condition:

the horizontal field angle of the optical sensor is Y; the width of the first through hole in the horizontal view field direction of the optical sensor is m; the intersection line length of the horizontal view field of the optical sensor and the outer layer glass is n;

wherein m is greater than or equal to n+10;

n=k2×tan (γ/2)/sin (α), K2 is a constant and k2=24 to 36.

In some embodiments, the α is 20 ° to 45 °, the β is 17 ° to 65 °, and the γ is 28 ° to 120 °.

In some embodiments, the absolute value of the horizontal diopter of the optical window is less than or equal to 55mrad and the horizontal square error value of the optical window is less than or equal to 60mrad.

In some embodiments, the absolute value of the vertical diopter of the optical window is less than or equal to 50mrad and the vertical square error value of the optical window is less than or equal to 45mrad.

In some embodiments, the minimum gap distance between the optical sensor and the inner glass is c, and the c is 2 mm-5 mm.

In some embodiments, the glazing further comprises a first masking layer disposed between the outer ply of glass and the adhesive layer, the first masking layer being provided with a second through hole, the second through hole being in communication with the first through hole, and the optical window being located within the second through hole.

In some embodiments, the optical window has a profile area that is less than a profile area of the second via, which is less than or equal to a profile area of the first via.

In some embodiments, the window glass further includes an anti-reflection layer disposed on a side of the outer glass adjacent to the adhesive layer, the anti-reflection layer being disposed within the second through hole and covering at least the optical window, the anti-reflection layer being configured to reduce a reflectivity of the outer glass to optical signals emitted and/or received by the optical sensor.

In some embodiments, the glazing further comprises an electrical heating element disposed on a side of the outer ply of glass adjacent to the adhesive layer, the electrical heating element being located within the second through hole and covering at least the optical window.

In some embodiments, an annular spacer layer is further sandwiched between the first shielding layer and the inner glass, and the annular spacer layer is distributed along the contour edge of the first through hole.

In some embodiments, the glazing further comprises a second masking layer disposed on a side of the inner glazing remote from the adhesive layer.

In some embodiments, the first through hole forms a hollow glass structure between the outer layer glass and the inner layer glass, and the first through hole is filled with a dry gas, and the dry gas is dry air or inert gas.

In some embodiments, the first through hole forms a vacuum glass structure between the outer glass and the inner glass, and the vacuum degree in the first through hole is less than or equal to 0.1Pa.

In some embodiments, the outer layer glass is transparent glass or super-transparent glass and the inner layer glass is transparent glass or tinted glass;

the total iron content of the transparent glass is less than or equal to 0.08%, and the visible light transmittance of the transparent glass is more than or equal to 80%; the total iron content of the super-transparent glass is less than or equal to 0.015 percent, and the visible light transmittance of the super-transparent glass is more than or equal to 91 percent; the total iron content of the colored glass is greater than or equal to 0.1%, and the visible light transmittance of the colored glass is greater than 70%.

In some embodiments, the optical sensor is a visible light camera with pixels greater than or equal to 200 ten thousand, the MTF value of the visible light camera at 1/2 nyquist frequency being greater than or equal to 0.6.

In some embodiments, the optical window has a first transmittance TL1 for visible light having a wavelength of 440nm to 700nm incident at an angle of incidence of 0-70, and the optical window has a transmittance TL2 for visible light having a wavelength of 600nm to 700nm incident at an angle of incidence of 0-70, TL1 > 50%, and a ratio TL2/TL1 of TL2 to TL1 > 0.8.

In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a vehicle including the window assembly described above, the optical sensor being mounted inside the vehicle and facing the optical window.

The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present application, and may be implemented according to the content of the specification in order to make the technical means of the present application more clearly understood, and in order to make the above-mentioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the following detailed description of the present application will be given.

Drawings

Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the application. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a schematic vertical cross-section of a vehicle window assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the first through hole shown in fig. 1 in a trapezoid shape.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the first through hole shown in fig. 1 in a circular shape.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the first through hole shown in fig. 1 in the shape of an ellipse.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the first through hole shown in fig. 1 in a rectangular shape.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged partial schematic view of the window assembly of fig. 1.

FIG. 7 is a schematic horizontal cross-sectional view of a window assembly of the window assembly shown in FIG. 1.

Fig. 8 is a schematic front view of a window assembly of an embodiment of the present application from the in-vehicle to the out-of-vehicle perspective.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged partial schematic view of the window assembly of fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is another schematic vertical cross-section of a vehicle window assembly according to an embodiment of the application.

FIG. 11 is another schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a vehicle window assembly according to an embodiment of the application.

Reference numerals illustrate: a window glass 100; an optical window 101; an outer layer glass 110; an inner layer glass 120; a via hole 121; an adhesive layer 130; a first through hole 131; a first shielding layer 140; a second through hole 141; an extension 1401; an anti-reflection layer 150; a second shielding layer 160; an annular spacer layer 170; an optical sensor 200.

Detailed Description

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. This application is, however, susceptible of embodiment in many other forms than those described herein and similar modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the application, and therefore the application is not to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a vehicle window assembly according to an embodiment of the present application. The window assembly includes an optical sensor 200 and a window glass 100.

The optical sensor 200 is mounted in the vehicle interior. The window pane 100 has an optical window 101 in the field of view of the optical sensor 200, and the light emitted and/or received by the optical sensor 200 passes through the optical window 101 of the window pane 100 to enable the acquisition of environmental data outside the vehicle.

The window glass 100 includes an outer glass 110, an adhesive layer 130, and an inner glass 120, which are laminated in this order, the adhesive layer 130 having opposite first and second surfaces, the adhesive layer 130 being provided with a first through hole 131 penetrating the first and second surfaces.

The optical window 101 is located in the first through hole 131, and an absolute value of a horizontal diopter of the optical window 101 is less than or equal to 60mrad.

In the present application, after the window glass 100 is mounted on the vehicle, the exterior pane 110 is positioned outside the vehicle, the interior pane 120 is positioned inside the vehicle, and the adhesive layer 130 connects the exterior pane 110 and the interior pane 120 to form a laminated glass structure that meets the standards for use of automotive glass. The outer layer glass 110 has a surface facing away from the adhesive layer 130 and a surface facing the adhesive layer 130, wherein a side of the outer layer glass 110 close to the adhesive layer 130 is a surface (inner surface) of the outer layer glass 110 facing the adhesive layer 130, and a side of the outer layer glass 110 far away from the adhesive layer 130 is a surface of the outer layer glass 110 facing away from the adhesive layer 130.

Similarly, the inner glass 120 has a surface facing away from the adhesive layer 130 and a surface facing the adhesive layer 130, and a side of the inner glass 120 close to the adhesive layer 130 is a surface (outer surface) of the inner glass 120 facing the adhesive layer 130, and a side of the inner glass 120 away from the adhesive layer 130 is a surface of the inner glass 120 facing away from the adhesive layer 130.

The opposite first and second surfaces of the adhesive layer 130, i.e., the surface of the adhesive layer 130 closest to the vehicle interior and the surface of the adhesive layer 130 remote from the vehicle interior, respectively.

It is understood that the window glass 100 of the present application may be a front windshield of a vehicle or a rear windshield of a vehicle. Specifically, the present application will be described with reference to a front windshield as an example.

The thickness and material of the outer glass 110, the material of the adhesive layer 130, and the thickness and material of the inner glass 120 are not particularly limited. Optionally, the thickness of the outer layer glass 110 is greater than or equal to 2.1mm (millimeters) and less than or equal to 5mm. The material of the outer glass layer 101 may include at least one of soda lime glass, high alumina glass, lithium alumina glass, and borosilicate glass. The material of the adhesive layer 130 may be polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), or may be an ionic polymer film (SGP). The thickness of the inner layer glass 120 is greater than or equal to 0.7mm and less than or equal to 2.1mm. Similarly, the material of the inner glass 120 may include at least one of soda lime glass, high alumina glass, lithium alumina glass and borosilicate glass. The thickness of the outer layer glass 110 may be the same as or different from the thickness of the inner layer glass 120, and preferably the thickness of the outer layer glass 110 is larger than the thickness of the inner layer glass 120. The material of the outer glass 110 may be the same as or different from the material of the inner glass 120.

The outer glass 110 and the inner glass 120 may be processed through a bending process of the automotive glass, for example, a dead weight forming process of at least 500 ℃, a press forming process of at least 500 ℃, and the like, to obtain a certain bending radian. The bent outer layer glass 110 and inner layer glass 120 are then laminated together with the adhesive layer 130 and subjected to a lamination process, and the outer layer glass 110, the adhesive layer 130 and the inner layer glass 120 are bonded as an integral composite glass, thereby obtaining the final window glass 100.

The adhesive layer 130 is provided with a first through hole 131. It is understood that the first through hole 131 penetrates the opposite surfaces of the adhesive layer 130. The optical sensor 200 collects environmental data outside the vehicle through the optical window 101 in the first through hole 131. The optical sensor 200 may be mounted on the surface of the window pane 100 adjacent the vehicle interior and at a location intermediate the top edge of the window pane 100 using a corresponding mounting bracket to facilitate a larger field of view. The photographing direction of the optical sensor 200 is toward the first through hole 131.

In order to ensure the overall strength of the window glass 100 to better protect passengers in the vehicle, the area of the first through hole 131 is S1, the area of the window glass 100 is S, and it is preferable that S1 and S satisfy: 0.0004.ltoreq.S1/S.ltoreq.0.15, which also satisfies the minimum field of view (FOV) requirement of the optical sensor 200 for acquiring environmental data outside the vehicle, and reduces the difficulty in manufacturing the window glass 100. Optionally, S1 and S may also satisfy: S1/S0.0005.ltoreq.S.ltoreq.0.1, or may satisfy: S1/S0.001-0.008.

It can be understood that the detection light emitted by the optical sensor 200 passes through the inner glass 120, the first through hole 131 and the outer glass 110 to detect an object outside the vehicle, and the detection light emitted or reflected by the object outside the vehicle passes through the outer glass 110, the first through hole 131 and the inner glass 120 and then enters the optical sensor 200, so that the optical sensor 200 can collect environmental data outside the vehicle, and can transmit the collected environmental data to an ADAS system (Advanced Driving Assistance System ) of the vehicle, and an algorithm of the ADAS system performs corresponding data processing on the environmental image data to provide assisted driving. The environment data may be image data, point cloud data, or the like.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, light emitted and/or received by the optical sensor 200 needs to pass through a field of view of the optical sensor 200. The optical window 101 of the window pane 100 corresponds to a field of view of the optical sensor 200 in the forward field of view, i.e., the field of view of the optical sensor 200 forms the optical window 101 on the window pane 100. In order to enable light emitted and/or received by the optical sensor 200 to smoothly pass through the window glass 100, the adhesive layer 130 is provided with a first through hole 131 at a position corresponding to the optical window 101, and the optical window 101 is positioned in the first through hole 131.

Referring to fig. 2 to 5, the shape of the first through hole 131 may be one of trapezoid, circle, oval, square, and rectangle. The area surrounded by the dashed line in the first through hole 131 is the optical window 101 formed on the window glass 100 in the field area of the optical sensor 200. As shown in fig. 2, the first through hole 131 has a trapezoid shape, and preferably four corners of the trapezoid shape have rounded corners with a radius of 5mm or more. As shown in fig. 3, the first through hole 131 is circular. As shown in fig. 4, the first through hole 131 has an oval shape. As shown in fig. 5, the first through hole 131 has a rectangular shape, and preferably four corners of the rectangular shape have rounded corners with a radius of 5mm or more.

It is understood that the field of view area of the optical sensor 200 has a field angle FOV (Field Of View) for indicating the field of view size of the optical sensor 200. The field angle FOV of the optical sensor 200 includes a vertical field angle β and a horizontal field angle γ. In order to reduce the diopter of the optical sensor 200 in the optical window 101 corresponding to the window glass 100 and improve the imaging quality of the optical sensor 200, the relative positions of the outer layer glass 110, the inner layer glass 120 and the optical sensor 200 are designed, and the dimensional parameters of the optical window 101 and the first through hole 131 are designed, so that the absolute value of the horizontal diopter of the optical sensor 200 in the optical window 101 corresponding to the window glass 100 is smaller than or equal to 60mrad, which is far smaller than the requirement that the diopter value of the related technology is 200mrad, and the imaging quality of the optical sensor 200 is effectively improved. In addition, the horizontal diopter of the optical window 101 is not influenced by the adhesive layer 130, so that the detection quality of the optical sensor 200 is improved, and the diopter requirement of the camera with high precision and narrow horizontal field angle can be met.

In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic view of a partially enlarged structure of the window assembly shown in fig. 1. After the window assembly is mounted on the vehicle, an angle α between a line connecting the top end and the bottom end of the window glass 100 and the central axis of the optical sensor 200 is defined as α, the central axis of the optical sensor 200 may be understood as an optical axis of the optical sensor 200, the line connecting the top end and the bottom end of the window glass 100 may refer to an extension line of the inner surface of the window glass 100 in fig. 6, and the central axis of the optical sensor 200 may refer to a horizontal dotted line in fig. 6. The vertical angle of view of the optical sensor 200 is β, and the vertical angle of view of the optical sensor 200 is the angle of view of the optical sensor 200 in a vertical section. The length of the line between the top and bottom ends of the first through-hole 131 is a, and the length of the line between the top and bottom ends of the first through-hole 131 is equal to the maximum dimension of the first through-hole 131 in the direction along the line between the top and bottom ends of the window glass 100. The intersection length of the vertical field of view of the optical sensor 200 and the outer glass 110 is b, i.e., the maximum dimension of the optical window 101 in the direction along the line connecting the top and bottom ends of the window glass 100 is b. Wherein the relative positions of the window glass 100 and the optical sensor 200 satisfy the following conditions: a is more than or equal to b+10;

And, b=k1× [1/tan (α - β/2) -1/tan (α+β/2) ], that is, in the direction along the line between the top and bottom ends of the window glass 100, the difference between the size of the first through hole 131 and the size of the optical window 101 is greater than or equal to 10mm, so that the horizontal diopter of the optical window 101 is ensured not to be affected by the adhesive layer 130, thereby being beneficial to improving the detection quality of the optical sensor 200, and being capable of meeting the diopter requirement of a camera with high precision and narrow angle of view.

In the present application, K1 is a constant and k1=12 to 18. Alternatively, K1 may be one of 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18. a. b are all millimeters (mm).

Alternatively, α is greater than or equal to 20 ° and less than or equal to 45 °. Beta is greater than or equal to 17 deg., and less than or equal to 65 deg.. For example: alpha may be one of 20 °, 24 °, 30 °, 35 °, 40 °, 42 °, 45 °, etc. Beta may be one of 17 °, 20 °, 25 °, 30 °, 40 °, 50 °, 65 °, etc. By making α be 20 ° or more, 45 ° or less, and β be 17 ° or less, 65 ° or less, the absolute value of the horizontal diopter satisfying the optical window 101 is 60mrad or less while realizing the use of a camera with a high-precision narrow angle of view.

As shown in fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic horizontal cross-sectional view of the window assembly. The horizontal field angle of the optical sensor 200 is Y. The horizontal angle of view of the optical sensor 200 is the angle of view of the optical sensor 200 in a horizontal cross section. The width of the first through hole 131 in the horizontal view field direction of the optical sensor 200 is m, and the intersection length of the horizontal view field of the optical sensor 200 and the outer glass 110 is n. Wherein the relative position of the window glass 100 and the optical sensor 200 also satisfies the following condition: m is more than or equal to n+10;

and n=k2×tan (γ/2)/sin (α). That is, in the horizontal view field direction, the difference between the size of the first through hole 131 and the size of the optical window 101 is greater than or equal to 10mm, so that the vertical diopter of the optical window 101 is ensured not to be affected by the adhesive layer 130, thereby being beneficial to improving the detection quality of the optical sensor 200 and meeting the diopter requirement of the camera with high precision and narrow view field angle.

In this application, K2 is a constant and k2=24 to 36. Alternatively, K2 may be one of 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36. The units of m and n are millimeters (mm).

Optionally, Y is greater than or equal to 28 ° and less than or equal to 120 °. For example: y may be one of 28 °, 40 °, 65 °, 74 °, 89 °, 97 °, 120 °, and the like. By making Y be 28 ° or more and 120 ° or less, it is possible to realize a camera with a high-precision narrow angle of view while satisfying that the absolute value of the vertical diopter of the optical window 101 is 60mrad or less.

In some embodiments of the present application, the absolute value of the horizontal diopter of the optical window 101 is less than or equal to 55mrad, and the horizontal square error value of the optical window 101 is less than or equal to 60mrad.

Alternatively, the absolute value of the horizontal diopter of the optical window 101 may be less than or equal to 50mrad, may be less than or equal to 45mrad, and further may be less than or equal to 40mrad. Alternatively, the horizontal square-shaped difference value of the optical window 101 may be less than or equal to 55mrad, may be less than or equal to 50mrad, and may be further less than or equal to 45mrad. The horizontal diopter of the optical window 101 refers to the diopter of the optical window 101 in the horizontal direction. The horizontal square difference value of the optical window 101 refers to dividing the optical window 101 into a plurality of squares, detecting the maximum diopter and the minimum diopter of each square in the horizontal direction, and calculating the difference value of the maximum diopter and the minimum diopter as the difference value of each square, wherein the maximum value in the difference values of all squares is the horizontal square difference value of the optical window 101.

In some embodiments of the present application, the absolute value of the vertical diopter of the optical window 101 is less than or equal to 50mrad, and the vertical square error value of the optical window 101 is less than or equal to 45mrad.

Alternatively, the absolute value of the vertical diopter of the optical window 101 may be less than or equal to 45mrad, also less than or equal to 40mrad, further less than or equal to 35mrad, even less than or equal to 30mrad, even less than or equal to 26mrad. Alternatively, the vertical square error value of the optical window 101 may be less than or equal to 40mrad, may be less than or equal to 35mrad, and may be further less than or equal to 30mrad. The vertical diopter of the optical window 101 is the diopter of the optical window in the extending direction of the target axis (the line connecting the top and bottom ends of the window glass). The vertical square error value of the optical window 101 refers to dividing the optical window into a plurality of squares, detecting the maximum diopter and the minimum diopter of each square in the extending direction of the target axis, and calculating the difference between the maximum diopter and the minimum diopter as the error value of each square, wherein the maximum value in the error values of all squares is the vertical square error value of the optical window 101.

In some embodiments of the present application, referring to fig. 6, the minimum gap distance between the optical sensor 200 and the inner glass 120 is c, and c is 2-5 mm. I.e. greater than or equal to 2mm and less than or equal to 5mm.

The minimum gap distance between the optical sensor 200 and the inner glass 120 can be understood as the distance between the nearest point of the optical sensor 200 to the inner glass 120 and the inner glass 120, and specifically can be exemplified by 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, 4.5mm, 5mm, etc., which can ensure that the optical sensor 200 is as close to the inner glass 120 as possible, and is beneficial to setting the position and size of the first through hole 121. In the present application, the constants K1 and K2 may be determined according to the distance c between the optical sensor 200 and the inner glass 120, for example, when the distance c is equal to 2mm, the constant K1 takes 12, and the constant K2 takes 24; for example, when the distance c is equal to 5mm, the constant K1 is 18, and the constant K3 is 36; when the distance c is greater than 2mm and less than 5mm, K1 may take a value greater than 12 and less than 18 according to the actual design, and K2 may take a value greater than 24 and less than 36 according to the actual design.

In some embodiments of the present application, referring to fig. 1, 6 and 7, the window glass 100 further includes a first shielding layer 140 disposed between the outer glass 110 and the adhesive layer 130, the first shielding layer 140 is provided with a second through hole 141, the second through hole 141 communicates with the first through hole 131, and the optical window 101 is located in the second through hole 141.

Specifically, the outer glass 110, the first shielding layer 140, the adhesive layer 130, and the inner glass 120 are laminated in this order. The second through hole 141 of the first shielding layer 140 communicates with the first through hole 131 of the adhesive layer 130. The first shielding layer 140 can be used for shielding components in a vehicle, can ensure that the peripheral colors of the window glass are consistent, improve the peripheral appearance, can also block solar radiation, prevent the components in the vehicle from aging, and improve the stability and the practical life of products. The material of the first shielding layer 140 is preferably at least one of black ceramic ink, brown ceramic ink, black ultraviolet ink and brown ultraviolet ink, and may be formed by screen printing, ink-jet printing, or the like, and the thickness of the first shielding layer 140 is in a micrometer scale, for example, 5 to 40 micrometers.

It should be noted that, since the first through hole 131 is formed in the adhesive layer 130, a corresponding outline boundary exists in the first through hole 131, and when the vehicle exterior person views the vehicle interior through the outer layer glass 110, the adhesive layer 130 having the first through hole 131 may have a remarkable uncomfortable feeling, that is, the entire vehicle window glass 100 may have an appearance defect. Based on this, the contour boundary of the second through hole 141 of the first shielding layer 140 may cover the contour boundary of the first through hole 131, so that the shielding layer defined by the contour boundary of the second through hole 141 shields the contour boundary of the first through hole 131, thereby improving the overall appearance of the window glass 100.

Referring to fig. 8 and 9, the first shielding layer 140 is disposed around the edge of the surface of the exterior glass 110 near the vehicle interior side (the inner surface of the exterior glass), and a T-shaped shielding region extends from the top center position toward the center of the exterior glass 110, because the optical sensor 200 is generally integrated in the top center position of the windshield, and in order to consider the vehicle exterior appearance and the arrangement of parts, these parts can be shielded by the T-shaped shielding region of the first shielding layer 140. In order to meet the requirement that the optical sensor 200 collects the external environmental data of the vehicle through the first through hole 131, the T-shaped shielding region of the first shielding layer 140 is provided with the second through hole 141, that is, the second through hole 141 is not covered with the first shielding layer 140, and the optical window 101 is located in the second through hole 141.

In some embodiments, the optical window 101 has a profile area that is smaller than the profile area of the second via 141, and the profile area of the second via 141 is smaller than or equal to the profile area of the first via 131.

Specifically, the dimension of the second through hole 141 in the extending direction of the target axis is greater than or equal to b and less than or equal to a, and/or the dimension of the second through hole 141 in the horizontal direction is greater than or equal to n and less than or equal to m. In other words, the profile area of the second through hole 141 may be greater than or equal to the profile area of the optical window 101, and in general, the profile area of the second through hole 141 is slightly greater than the profile area of the optical window 101, so that not only the field area is reduced due to insufficient profile area of the second through hole 141, but also excessive stray light outside the vehicle is prevented from entering the optical sensor 200 due to excessive profile area of the second through hole 141, and the image quality is poor, and the profile of the second through hole 141 is preferably 1 to 20mm greater than the profile of the optical window 101, specifically, for example, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 5mm, 8mm, 10mm, 15mm, 20mm, and the like, and preferably 1 to 10mm.

And, the profile area of the second through hole 141 is smaller than or equal to that of the first through hole 131 to achieve a better shielding effect. In fig. 8 and 9, the first shielding layer 140 has an extension portion 1401 extending into the first through hole 131, so that the profile area of the second through hole 141 is smaller than that of the first through hole 131, and the extension portion 1401 may be a continuous printing ink, or may be a dot ink spaced from each other, preferably a dot ink spaced from each other, so that the optical quality of the optical window 101 may be further improved.

In some embodiments of the present application, the surface of the outer layer glass 110 near the bonding layer 130 and the surface of the inner layer glass 120 near the bonding layer 130 seal the first through hole 131, so that the first through hole 131 encloses a sealed cavity, the sealed cavity is filled with a dry gas, so that the first through hole 131 forms a hollow glass structure with the outer layer glass 110 and the inner layer glass 120, the dry gas is a dry air or an inert gas, and the inert gas can be exemplified as nitrogen or argon, so that the vehicle window glass 100 presents a laminated glass structure as a whole, presents a hollow glass structure locally, namely presents a hollow glass structure in the area of the optical window 101, not only improves the optical quality of the optical window 101 and protects the bonding layer 130, but also ensures the overall strength of the vehicle window glass 100, and has good heat insulation and sound insulation properties in the area adopting the hollow glass structure.

In other embodiments of the present application, the surface of the outer glass 110 near the adhesive layer 130 and the surface of the inner glass 120 near the adhesive layer 130 seal the first through hole 131, so that the first through hole 131 encloses a sealed cavity, the sealed cavity is vacuumized, the vacuum degree in the first through hole 131 is less than or equal to 0.1Pa, so that the first through hole 131 forms a vacuum glass structure with the outer glass 110 and the inner glass 120, the window glass 100 presents a laminated glass structure as a whole, and presents a vacuum glass structure locally, namely, presents a vacuum glass structure in the area of the optical window 101, not only improves the optical quality of the optical window 101 and protects the adhesive layer 130, but also ensures the overall strength of the window glass 100, and the area adopting the vacuum glass structure has excellent heat insulation and sound insulation performances.

Further, referring to fig. 1, 6 and 7, the inner glass 120 is provided with a via hole 121, the via hole 121 is communicated with the first via hole 131, so as to introduce dry gas into the first via hole 131 or vacuumize the first via hole 131, the vertical projection of the first shielding layer 140 relative to the inner glass 120 covers the via hole 121, and the vertical projection of the optical window 101 relative to the inner glass 120 is not coincident with the via hole 121.

It can be appreciated that, after the outer glass 110, the adhesive layer 130 and the inner glass 120 are laminated in order to form the window glass 100, the via hole 121 of the inner glass 120 is connected to an external vacuum device, so that the first through hole 131 is vacuumized through the via hole 121, and a vacuum state is formed in the first through hole 131.

Of course, a device for filling the drying gas (for example, a nitrogen filling device) may be connected to the via hole 121 of the inner glass 120, so that the drying gas is introduced into the first through hole 131 through the via hole 121, and the first through hole 131 may be filled with the drying gas.

In addition, in one embodiment of the present application, the diameter of the via hole 121 is greater than or equal to 5mm and less than or equal to 20mm, and the diameter of the via hole 121 is far less than the diameter of the first via hole 131, so that the dry gas is conveniently introduced into the first via hole 131 through the via hole 121 or the first via hole 131 is vacuumized, and the overall strength of the inner glass 120 is not affected.

The vertical projection of the first shielding layer 140 relative to the inner glass 120 covers the via hole 121, so that the first shielding layer 140 can shield the via hole 121, and the via hole 121 is prevented from being observed from the outside of the vehicle, thereby improving the overall appearance and consistency of the vehicle window glass 100. In addition, the via hole 121 is located at the periphery of the optical window 101, and the boundary between the via hole 121 and the optical window 101 is greater than or equal to 10mm, so that the vertical projection of the optical window 101 relative to the inner glass 120 is not overlapped with the via hole 121, and further the influence of the via hole 12 on the imaging quality of the optical sensor 200 is avoided.

Two pieces of silicate glass having a thickness of 2.1mm were prepared, each of the silicate glass pieces was bent and formed in accordance with a bending process of the automotive glass, for example, a dead weight bending process or a press bending process, and then the two silicate glass pieces after bending and one sheet of PVB (adhesive layer) having a thickness of 0.76mm were subjected to a sheet-bonding process, a preliminary press process, and a high-pressure process to form window glass of comparative examples 1 to 10, and measured data for the horizontal diopter of the optical window, the horizontal square-cut value of the optical window, the vertical diopter of the optical window, and the vertical square-cut value of the optical window were calculated, and the measurement results were shown in Table 1.

Table 1: measurement results of the window glasses of comparative examples 1 to 10

Two sheets of silicate glass having a thickness of 2.1mm were prepared, each sheet of silicate glass was bent and formed according to a bending process of an automobile glass, for example, a dead weight bending process or a press bending process, and then the two sheets of bent silicate glass and one sheet of PVB having a thickness of 0.76mm were subjected to a sheet-combining process, a preliminary press process, and a high-pressure process to form the window glass of examples 1 to 10, wherein a first through hole 131 was formed in the 0.76mm PVB, and the two sheets of bent silicate glass and one sheet of PVB having a thickness of 0.76mm were respectively the outer layer glass 110, the inner layer glass 120, and the adhesive layer 130, and measured data for calculating the horizontal diopter of the optical window, the horizontal square-pole value of the optical window, the vertical diopter of the optical window of examples 1 to 10, and the vertical square-pole value of the optical window were measured, and the measured results are shown in Table 2.

Table 2: measurement results of the window glass of examples 1 to 10

The data in tables 1 and 2 were measured by the LABSCAN-SCREEN system of ISRA VI S ION. The horizontal diopter detects the maximum diopter of the optical window in the horizontal direction with a filter parameter of 1/2/0/30/4/4 and a detection angle of 26.8 degrees. The horizontal square block difference value is used for dividing the optical window into a plurality of square blocks with 2mm and 2mm, the maximum diopter and the minimum diopter of each square block in the horizontal direction are detected by using the filter parameter of 1/2/0, 30/4/4 and the detection angle of 26.8 degrees, the difference value of the maximum diopter and the minimum diopter is calculated and is used as the difference value of each square block, and the maximum value in the difference values of all the square blocks is taken as the horizontal square block difference value. The vertical diopter detects the maximum diopter of the optical window in the extending direction of the target axis with a filter parameter of 1/2/0/30/4/4 and a detection angle of 26.8 degrees. The maximum diopter and the minimum diopter of each square in the extending direction of the target axis are detected by using the filter parameter of 1/2/0, 30/4/4 and the detection angle of 26.8 degrees, the difference value of the maximum diopter and the minimum diopter is calculated as the maximum value of each square, and the maximum value in the maximum value of all the square is taken as the maximum value of the vertical square. The positive and negative values of the horizontal diopter and the vertical diopter in tables 1 and 2 indicate only the direction of optical deformation, the positive number indicates the direction of optical deformation as convex, the negative number indicates the direction of optical deformation as concave, the absolute values of the horizontal diopter and the vertical diopter indicate the degree of optical deformation, and the larger the absolute value indicates the larger the degree of optical deformation.

As can be seen from Table 1, in comparative examples 1 to 10, the absolute values of the horizontal diopters of the optical windows of the conventional laminated glass window glass were all greater than 180mrad, and the horizontal square difference values were all greater than 85mrad, and since the window glass was used as a front windshield, the vertical shower mounting direction was generally adopted to minimize the visual distortion and visual fatigue of the driver, so that the optical distortion of the optical windows in the horizontal direction had the greatest influence on the image capturing of the optical sensor, and the distortion degree of the obtained image was made greater. As can be seen from table 2, with the window glass 100 of examples 1 to 10 of the present application, the absolute value of the horizontal diopter of the optical window can be greatly reduced to 60mrad or less, further 55mrad or less, further 50mrad or less, even 45mrad or less, and further 40mrad or less. At the same time, the horizontal square tolerance value of the optical window can also be reduced to less than or equal to 60mrad, even less than or equal to 55mrad, and even less than or equal to 50mrad.

Furthermore, the only difference between examples 1-10 and comparative examples 1-10 is that the 0.76mm PVB was provided with a first through hole 131, as can be seen from tables 1 and 2:

The absolute value of the horizontal diopter of the optical windows of examples 1-10 was reduced by at least 100mrad, further reduced by at least 130mrad, still further reduced by at least 150mrad, and even reduced by at least 180mrad, from the absolute value of the horizontal diopter of the optical windows of comparative examples 1-10. The horizontal square error values of the optical windows of examples 1-10 were reduced by at least 30mrad, further reduced by at least 50mrad, still further reduced by at least 60mrad, and even reduced by at least 70mrad, from the horizontal square error values of the optical windows of comparative examples 1-10. From this, it can be seen that the optical windows of examples 1 to 10 are significantly improved in the degree of optical distortion in the horizontal direction, so that the acquired images are free from local abnormal distortion.

The absolute value of the vertical diopter of the optical windows of examples 1-10 was reduced by at least 1mrad, further reduced by at least 5mrad, still further reduced by at least 10mrad, and even reduced by at least 20mrad, from the absolute value of the vertical diopter of the optical windows of comparative examples 1-10. The vertical square error values of the optical windows of examples 1-4 and examples 6-10 were reduced by at least 1mrad, further reduced by at least 5mrad, still further reduced by at least 10mrad, and even reduced by at least 20mrad, as compared to the vertical square error values of the optical windows of comparative examples 1-4 and comparative examples 6-10. It can be seen that the optical windows of examples 1 to 10 are also improved to some extent in terms of the degree of optical distortion in the vertical direction, so that the acquired images are free from local abnormal distortion.

In some embodiments of the present application, referring to fig. 10, the window glass 100 further includes an anti-reflection layer 150 disposed on a side of the outer glass 110 proximate to the adhesive layer 130, the anti-reflection layer 150 being disposed within the second through hole 141 and covering at least the optical window 101, the anti-reflection layer 150 being configured to reduce the reflectivity of the optical signal emitted and/or received by the optical sensor 200 by the outer glass 110.

Further, the window glass 100 further includes an electric heating element (not shown) provided on the side of the outer glass 110 near the adhesive layer 130, the electric heating element being located in the second through hole 141 and covering at least the optical window 101.

In particular, the electric heating element may comprise an electric heating wire, an electric heating plate or the like. For example: tungsten filament. The electric heating element is used for heating the optical window 101, defogging and defrosting the optical window 101, and improving the detection quality of the optical sensor 200.

In some embodiments of the present application, referring to fig. 11, an annular spacer layer 170 is further sandwiched between the first shielding layer 140 and the inner glass 120, and the annular spacer layer 170 is distributed along the contour edge of the first through hole 131.

In particular, the annular spacer layer 170 may be a layer of a high temperature resistant material, such as a layer of ethylene propylene diene monomer, polyurethane, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonate, or the like. It is understood that the annular spacer layer 170 is located between the first through hole 131 and the adhesive layer 130.

It should be noted that, by providing the annular spacer layer 170 at the edge of the profile of the first through hole 131, the structural strength between the first shielding layer 140 and the inner glass 120 can be improved, and at the same time, the first through hole 131 can be more beneficial to forming a hollow glass structure or a vacuum glass structure.

In some embodiments of the present application, referring to fig. 1, 6 and 7, the glazing 100 further comprises a second masking layer 160, the second masking layer 160 being disposed on a side of the inner ply 120 remote from the adhesive layer 130.

Specifically, the second shielding layer 160 may be disposed only at a top central position of a side surface of the inner glass 120 remote from the adhesive layer 130 (an inner surface of the inner glass 120) and is consistent with the shape of the T-shaped shielding region of the first shielding layer 140, or may be disposed around a peripheral edge of the inner surface of the inner glass 120 and extend one T-shaped shielding region from the top central position toward the center of the inner surface of the inner glass 120.

Specifically, the outer glass 110, the first shielding layer 140, the adhesive layer 130, the inner glass 120, and the second shielding layer 160 are laminated in this order. The material of the second shielding layer 160 is preferably at least one of black ceramic ink, brown ceramic ink, black ultraviolet ink and brown ultraviolet ink, and may be formed by screen printing, ink-jet printing, or the like, and the thickness of the second shielding layer 160 is in a micrometer scale, for example, 5 to 40 micrometers.

Further, the outer glass 110 is transparent glass or super transparent glass, and the inner glass 120 is transparent glass or colored glass. The total iron content of the transparent glass is less than or equal to 0.08 percent, and the visible light transmittance of the transparent glass is more than or equal to 80 percent; the total iron content of the ultra-transparent glass is less than or equal to 0.015 percent, and the visible light transmittance of the ultra-transparent glass is more than or equal to 91 percent; the total iron content of the colored glass is more than or equal to 0.1%, and the visible light transmittance of the colored glass is more than 70%.

Alternatively, the optical sensor 200 may be used to collect external environmental data of the vehicle. For example: the optical sensor 200 may be a visible light camera, a near infrared camera, a thermal imager, a laser radar, a gesture detection sensor, etc. to better achieve the intelligence and safety performance of the vehicle.

The optical sensor 200 is a visible light camera with pixels of 200 ten thousand or more. The MTF value of the visible light camera at the 1/2 Nyquist frequency is greater than or equal to 0.6. Specifically, the photosensitive chip of the visible light camera may be a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor, CMOS) or a charge coupled device (Charge Coupled Device, CCD). The pixels of the visible light camera can be 200 ten thousand pixels, 500 ten thousand pixels, 800 ten thousand pixels and the like. The size of the photosensitive chip of the visible light camera can be 2/3 "(8.8 mm by 6.6 mm), 1/1.7" (7.4 mm by 5.6 mm), 1/1.8 "(7.2 mm by 5.3 mm), and the like, and a larger size photosensitive chip can be preferable to receive more optical signals. The focal length, f-number, viewing angle and the like of the lens parameters of the visible light camera correspondingly meet the requirements of a use scene. The maximum optical distortion of the lens of the visible light camera is smaller than 3%, and the modulation transfer function (Modulation Transfer Function, MTF) value of the visible light camera at the 1/2 Nyquist frequency is larger than or equal to 0.6, so that the requirement of high-definition image acquisition is met.

In order to further satisfy the requirement of high-definition image acquisition, particularly the requirement of image acquisition of a visible light camera with pixels greater than or equal to 500 ten thousand or even greater than or equal to 800 ten thousand, it is preferable that the optical window 101 has a first transmittance TL1 for visible light having a wavelength of 440nm to 700nm, which is incident at an incident angle of 0 to 70 °, TL1 being not less than 50%, concretely exemplified by TL 1=50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%,61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, and even TL1 being not less than 70%. Further, the transmittance TL2 of the optical window 101 for visible light having a wavelength of 600nm to 700nm, which is incident at an incidence angle of 0 to 70 °, TL2/TL1 ratio TL2 to TL1 is not less than 0.8, and the ratio of TL2 to TL1 is also commonly referred to as red light ratio, concretely exemplified by TL2/TL 1=0.80, 0.81, 0.82, 0.83, 0.84, 0.85, 0.86, 0.88, etc., preferably TL2/TL1 is not less than 0.85.

In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a vehicle comprising a window assembly as described above, with the optical sensor 200 mounted inside the vehicle and facing the optical window 101.

The vehicle can be a sedan, a passenger car, a truck, a tractor, a special transport vehicle, a special vehicle and the like. Of course, the vehicle may also include wheels, chassis, engine, etc.

The optical sensor 200 is disposed on a side of the inner glass 120 facing away from the adhesive layer 130. It will be appreciated that the optical sensor 200 is disposed within the vehicle interior, and that the optical sensor 200 may be secured to the surface of the inner glass 120 facing away from the adhesive layer 130 by brackets or the like, or may be secured to the roof rail by brackets or the like. The photographing direction of the optical sensor 200 is toward the first through hole 131.

The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.

The above examples only represent a few embodiments of the present application, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. It should be noted that it would be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements could be made without departing from the spirit of the present application, which would be within the scope of the present application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the claims appended hereto.

Claims

1. A vehicle window assembly, comprising:

an optical sensor (200) mounted in the vehicle interior;

a window glass (100) having an optical window (101) in a field of view of the optical sensor (200), wherein the window glass (100) comprises an outer layer glass (110), an adhesive layer (130) and an inner layer glass (120) which are sequentially laminated, the adhesive layer (130) has a first surface and a second surface which are opposite, and the adhesive layer (130) is provided with a first through hole (131) penetrating through the first surface and the second surface;

the optical window (101) is located within the first through hole (131), and an absolute value of a horizontal diopter of the optical window (101) is less than or equal to 60mrad.

2. The vehicle window assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the relative position of the vehicle window glass (100) and the optical sensor (200) fulfils the following conditions:

an included angle between a line connecting a top end and a bottom end of the window glass (100) and a central axis of the optical sensor (200) is alpha after the window assembly is mounted on a vehicle; -the vertical field angle of the optical sensor (200) is β; the length of the connecting line between the top end and the bottom end of the first through hole (131) is a; the intersection length of the vertical field of view of the optical sensor (200) and the outer glass (110) is b;

Wherein a is more than or equal to b+10;

3. The vehicle window assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that the relative position of the vehicle window glass (100) and the optical sensor (200) also satisfies the following condition:

the horizontal field angle of the optical sensor (200) is gamma; the width of the first through hole (131) in the horizontal view field direction of the optical sensor (200) is m; the intersection length of the horizontal view field of the optical sensor (200) and the outer glass (110) is n;

wherein m is greater than or equal to n+10;

and n=k2×tan (y/2)/sin (α) K2 is a constant and k2=24 to 36.

4. The vehicle window assembly according to claim 3, wherein α is 20 ° to 45 °, β is 17 ° to 65 °, and γ is 28 ° to 120 °.

5. The vehicle window assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the absolute value of the horizontal diopter of the optical window (101) is less than or equal to 55mrad, the horizontal square difference value of the optical window (101) being less than or equal to 60mrad.

6. The vehicle window assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the absolute value of the vertical diopter of the optical window (101) is less than or equal to 50mrad, the vertical square-shaped difference value of the optical window (101) being less than or equal to 45mrad.

7. The vehicle window assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the minimum gap distance of the optical sensor (200) from the inner glass (120) is c, the c being 2-5 mm.

8. The vehicle window assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the vehicle window glass (100) further comprises a first shielding layer (140) arranged between the outer glass (110) and the adhesive layer (130), the first shielding layer (140) is provided with a second through hole (141), the second through hole (141) is communicated with the first through hole (131), and the optical window (101) is positioned in the second through hole (141).

9. The vehicle window assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that the optical window (101) has a smaller profile area than the second through hole (141), the second through hole (141) having a smaller profile area than or equal to the first through hole (131).

10. The vehicle window assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that the vehicle window glass (100) further comprises an anti-reflection layer (150) provided on a side of the outer glass (110) close to the adhesive layer (130), the anti-reflection layer (150) being located in the second through hole (141) and covering at least the optical window (101), the anti-reflection layer (150) being used for reducing the reflectivity of the outer glass (110) for optical signals emitted and/or received by the optical sensor (200).

11. The vehicle window assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that the vehicle window glass (100) further comprises an electrical heating element provided at a side of the outer glass (110) close to the adhesive layer (130), the electrical heating element being located within the second through hole (141) and covering at least the optical window (101).

12. The vehicle window assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that an annular spacer layer (170) is further sandwiched between the first shielding layer (140) and the inner glass (120), and the annular spacer layer (170) is distributed along the contour edge of the first through hole (131).

13. The vehicle window assembly according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that the vehicle glazing (100) further comprises a second masking layer (160), the second masking layer (160) being provided on the side of the inner ply glass (120) remote from the adhesive layer (130).

14. The vehicle window assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the first through hole (131) forms a hollow glass structure in the outer glass (110) and the inner glass (120), and the first through hole (131) is filled with a dry gas, which is dry air or an inert gas.

15. The vehicle window assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the first through hole (131) forms a vacuum glass structure in the outer glass (110) and the inner glass (120), and the vacuum degree in the first through hole (131) is less than or equal to 0.1Pa.

16. The vehicle window assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer glass (110) is a transparent glass or a super-transparent glass, and the inner glass (120) is a transparent glass or a tinted glass;

17. The vehicle window assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the optical sensor (200) is a visible light camera with pixels greater than or equal to 200 ten thousand, the MTF value of the visible light camera at 1/2 nyquist frequency being greater than or equal to 0.6.

18. The vehicle window assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the optical window (101) has a first transmittance TL1 for visible light having a wavelength of 440nm to 700nm, which is incident at an angle of 0 to 70 °, the optical window (101) having a transmittance TL2, TL1 being equal to or greater than 50% for visible light having a wavelength of 600nm to 700nm, which is incident at an angle of 0 to 70 °, the ratio TL2/TL1 of TL2 to TL1 being equal to or greater than 0.8.

19. A vehicle comprising a window assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the optical sensor (200) is mounted inside the vehicle towards the optical window (101).