CN117249508A - Centralized ventilation and smoke exhaust system for high and large spaces of public building - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a centralized ventilation and smoke exhaust system for a tall and big space of a public building, which comprises civil vertical shafts positioned at two sides of the tall and big space of the building and fan rooms positioned at two sides of the top of the tall and big space of the building, wherein the fan rooms are positioned above the civil vertical shafts, a plurality of multi-page smoke exhaust port side-suction devices are uniformly arranged at the vertical height of the side surfaces of the civil vertical shafts, and smoke exhaust branch pipes are arranged at one sides of the plurality of multi-page smoke exhaust ports; this ventilation smoke discharging system is concentrated in high large space of public building is when using, two civil engineering shafts are the symmetry and set up in the both sides in high large space to adopt two exhaust fans that match with it, thereby can reduce the distribution power of single fan when reinforcing the effect of discharging fume, and reduce the noise when fan operates, can be with outdoor air through the air inlet person in charge and several air inlet branch pipe and ventilation tripe cooperation transport into indoor through starting the air inlet machine, in order to satisfy the ventilation heat extraction at ordinary times of high large space in summer high temperature season, make this application more do benefit to actual use.

Description

Centralized ventilation and smoke exhaust system for high and large spaces of public building

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of smoke exhaust of high and large space buildings, in particular to a centralized ventilation smoke exhaust system for high and large space of a public building.

Background

Tall space public buildings are often referred to as vertically-crossing buildings having multiple halls, exhibition halls, etc. (net height > 6 m), which are commonly used for a variety of different purposes, such as meetings, exhibitions, sporting events, cultural shows, banquet, education, religious ceremony, etc. These buildings are widely used in cities and villages and are important sites for social and cultural activities. A series of factors need to be considered for the design of a centralized ventilation and smoke exhaust system for a large space of a public building, the ventilation and smoke exhaust amount is closely related to the factors such as the net height, whether a spraying system exists or not, and the smoke exhaust amount required by a room with the size smaller than or equal to 6m is much larger.

The traditional smoke discharging mode is to arrange a smoke discharging shaft to horizontally lay smoke discharging branch pipes along the top of each high space for top smoke discharging or to arrange only one smoke discharging shaft to laterally arrange smoke discharging ports at the side of the shaft for side smoke discharging. For the smoke discharging mode of laying the top row of the smoke discharging branch pipes in the suspended ceiling, on one hand, the smoke discharging pipes laid in the suspended ceiling are crossed and collided with other electromechanical pipelines such as an air conditioner air pipe, a fire fighting water pipe, a cable bridge and the like, so that the net height and the decoration shape of the suspended ceiling are affected, and on the other hand, the smoke discharging port is arranged above the suspended ceiling in a large space, and the later maintenance is very difficult; for arranging a smoke exhaust shaft on the side wall, the smoke exhaust port side smoke exhaust mode is arranged, the required smoke exhaust shaft is large, the power distribution of a fan is large, in practice, the smoke exhaust shaft is difficult to select a proper position to arrange under the influence of the planar layout of a high space, and the requirements of the maximum allowable smoke exhaust amount of a single smoke exhaust port, the arrangement height of the smoke exhaust port, the interval of the smoke exhaust port and the like are provided in building smoke prevention smoke exhaust system technical standard GB51251-2017, so that a plurality of smoke exhaust ports are required to be arranged vertically only in the single smoke exhaust shaft by adopting side smoke exhaust, generally, 4-6 smoke exhaust ports are required, and the vertical arrangement of the smoke exhaust ports severely impacts the aesthetic effect of the high space visually.

In the conventional manner, a single smoke exhaust fan system is used, and the single smoke exhaust fan of the single fan system has high power and high operation noise, and is difficult to be used for ventilating and exhausting heat in the high-temperature season in summer, so that a person skilled in the art provides a centralized ventilating and smoke exhaust system for a high space of a public building to solve the problems in the background art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a centralized ventilation and smoke exhaust system for a high-rise space of a public building, which aims to solve the problems that a single smoke exhaust fan of a single fan system recorded in the background art is high in power and high in operation noise, and is difficult to be used for ventilation and heat extraction of the high-rise space in peacetime in high-temperature seasons in summer.

The application provides a public building high-rise space concentrated ventilation smoke evacuation system adopts following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a public building high and large space concentrates ventilation smoke exhaust system, is including being located the civil construction shaft of building high and large space both sides and being located the fan room of building high and large space top both sides, the fan room is located the top of civil construction shaft, the vertical high side of civil construction shaft evenly arranges the many pages of exhaust port side and inhales, and the several one side of many pages of exhaust port all is provided with the branch pipe that discharges fume, several the branch pipe that discharges fume is kept away from the one end fixedly connected with of many pages of exhaust port is responsible for discharging fume, the several the branch pipe that discharges fume with the main pipe that discharges fume all is located the inside of civil construction shaft, the inside of fan room is provided with the exhaust fan, the top of being responsible for that discharges fume gets into the inside of fan room with the exhaust fan is connected, the main pipe that discharges fume with be provided with the fire damper that discharges fume between the exhaust fan, the export of fan room is provided with the tripe that is used for carrying out the fume.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through arranging the tuber pipe of discharging fume respectively in the inside of two civil engineering shafts, arrange many pages of exhaust ports in civil engineering shaft wall side direction to avoid the influence to later stage furred ceiling decoration style, can control many pages of exhaust ports through starting the exhaust fan and discharge fume, the civil engineering shaft that this application set up has two, and is the symmetry setting in the both sides in high large space to adopt two exhaust fans that match with it, thereby can reduce the distribution power of single fan when reinforcing the effect of discharging fume, noise when can reducing fan operation.

Preferably, the vertical high of side of civil engineering shaft evenly arranges the several ventilation tripe, and the several ventilation tripe with several many pages of exhaust port interval sets up, just the ventilation tripe is located the below of many pages of exhaust port, several one side of ventilation tripe is provided with the air inlet branch pipe, and the several the air inlet branch pipe is kept away from the one end fixedly connected with air inlet of ventilation tripe is responsible for, several the ventilation tripe with the air inlet is responsible for and is located the inside of civil engineering shaft, the inside of fan room is provided with the air inlet machine, the top that the air inlet was responsible for gets into the inside of fan room with the air inlet machine is connected, the air inlet is responsible for with be provided with the accuse blast gate between the air inlet machine, the entry of fan room is provided with the air inlet tripe that is used for carrying out the air inlet, the air inlet tripe with the air inlet machine is linked together.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can carry indoor with outdoor air when air inlet machine starts to satisfy the ventilation heat extraction at ordinary times in summer high temperature season in high-rise space, and under the condition of fire, through many pages of exhaust ports and ventilation tripe cooperation, can get rid of smog from indoor eminence rapidly, and carry fresh air to indoor low department, reduce indoor smog concentration.

Preferably, one side of the fan room is fixedly connected with a smoke guide bent pipe, and one end of the smoke guide bent pipe is communicated with the air exhaust louver.

By adopting the technical scheme, the smoke guide bent pipe can guide smoke exhausted by the exhaust louver.

Preferably, a supporting plate is fixedly connected to one side of the inner wall of the fan room, the exhaust fan is located above the supporting plate, and the air inlet fan is located below the supporting plate.

By adopting the technical scheme, the supporting plate can play a supporting role in the installation of the exhaust fan.

Preferably, the outer wall fixedly connected with deep bead in fan room, the deep bead is located exhaust tripe with between the air inlet tripe.

By adopting the technical scheme, the wind shield can play a certain role in isolating smoke discharged by the air exhaust shutter and air inlet of the air inlet shutter.

Preferably, a plurality of first air guiding fans are uniformly connected to one side of the inner wall of the civil vertical shaft through bolts, the first air guiding fans are located on the smoke exhaust main pipe between the adjacent smoke exhaust branch pipes, and the first air guiding fans are communicated with the smoke exhaust main pipe.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through the use of several first air guide machine, can strengthen the smoke discharging effect of the many pages of exhaust ports of different distributions.

Preferably, an L-shaped guide plate is fixedly connected to one side, close to the exhaust louver, of the inner wall of the smoke guide elbow, a liquid outlet penetrating through the smoke guide elbow is formed in the bottom of the smoke guide elbow, and a smoke guide waterproof plate is arranged in the liquid outlet.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can discharge the exhaust cigarette towards oblique top through L shape baffle, also can lead the inner wall bottom of smoke guide return bend with the rainwater simultaneously when raining, make the rainwater outwards discharge through the leakage fluid dram of seting up.

Preferably, one side of the inner wall of the civil construction vertical shaft, which is far away from the first air guide machine, is uniformly connected with a plurality of second air guide machines through bolts, the second air guide machines are positioned on an air inlet main pipe between the adjacent air inlet branch pipes, and the second air guide machines are communicated with the air inlet main pipe.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, start the ventilation effect that the inside air of several second wind-guiding machine can strengthen the air inlet person in charge to ensure the ventilation effect of low ventilation tripe.

In summary, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

1. according to the centralized ventilation and smoke exhaust system for the high and large spaces of the public building, smoke exhaust air pipes are respectively arranged in two civil building shafts, a plurality of smoke exhaust ports are laterally arranged on the surfaces of the civil building shafts so as to avoid the influence on the decoration style of later suspended ceilings, the smoke exhaust ports can be controlled to exhaust smoke by starting the exhaust fans, and the two exhaust fans matched with the two civil building shafts are adopted in the centralized ventilation and smoke exhaust system for the high and large spaces of the public building, when the centralized ventilation and smoke exhaust system for the high and large spaces of the public building is used, the power distribution of a single fan can be reduced while the smoke exhaust effect is enhanced, the noise of the fan can be reduced, and the combination of the plurality of smoke exhaust ports and the exhaust louvers can exhaust smoke and convey fresh air simultaneously in emergency, so that the method is not only helpful for exhausting smoke, but also can provide ventilation and improve the indoor air quality, can be used for fire response, and indoor ventilation can be carried out in daily use so as to meet the ventilation and heat removal requirements of the high and large spaces in summer seasons.

2. The number and the installation height of the arranged multi-page smoke outlets of the centralized ventilation and smoke discharging system for the high and large space of the public building are carefully considered so as to ensure that the system can work effectively and meet relevant safety standards and regulations, the layout mode of the multi-page smoke outlets is beneficial to reducing the impact effect on the overall vision of the high and large space, the influence of the system on indoor decoration and suspended ceilings is reduced, and in addition, each civil building vertical shaft only needs to be provided with a small number of multi-page smoke outlets, so that the occupied space is reduced;

3. the system can rapidly control the flow of indoor air, smoke and ventilation through the combination of the exhaust fan, the smoke discharging main pipe and the air inlet fan, the temperature control of the exhaust fan and the smoke discharging fireproof valve ensure the safety of the system, and the noise of a single fan can be reduced by using a plurality of exhaust fans and low-power fans, so that the system is very beneficial in practical use.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan layout of a smoke evacuation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of a partial plan layout of a smoke exhaust branch pipe in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a fan room layout in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure a in fig. 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals illustrate: 1. building a vertical shaft; 2. a wind machine room; 3. a plurality of pages of smoke outlets; 4. a smoke exhaust branch pipe; 5. a main smoke exhaust pipe; 6. a smoke-discharging fireproof valve; 7. an exhaust fan; 8. air exhaust louvers; 9. ventilation louver; 10. an air inlet branch pipe; 11. an air inlet main pipe; 12. an air control valve; 13. a wind inlet machine; 14. air inlet louvers; 15. a first air guide machine; 16. a second air guide machine; 17. a support plate; 18. a wind deflector; 19. a smoke guide elbow; 20. an L-shaped guide plate; 21. a liquid outlet; 22. smoke-guiding waterproof board.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1-4.

Example 1

The embodiment of the invention discloses a centralized ventilation and smoke exhaust system for a large space of a public building. Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, this ventilation smoke exhaust system is concentrated in tall and big space of public building, including the civil engineering shaft 1 that is located the tall and big space both sides of building and the fan room 2 that is located the tall and big space top both sides of building, fan room 2 is located the top of civil engineering shaft 1, the vertical high side of the side of civil engineering shaft 1 evenly arranges the many pages of exhaust ports 3 side and inhale, one side of the many pages of exhaust ports 3 all is provided with the branch pipe that discharges fume 4, the one end fixedly connected with that the many pages of exhaust ports 3 were kept away from to the branch pipe that discharges fume 4 is responsible for 5, the branch pipe that discharges fume 4 and the main pipe that discharges fume 5 all are located the inside of civil engineering shaft 1, the inside of fan room 2 is provided with exhaust fan 7, the inside of main pipe that discharges fume 2 is connected with exhaust fan 7 is responsible for the top of fan room 5, be provided with between exhaust fume fire damper 6, the export of fan room 2 is provided with the tripe 8 that is used for carrying out the exhaust fume, exhaust tripe 8 is linked with exhaust fan 7.

In this embodiment, in the centralized ventilation and smoke exhaust system for high and large spaces of public buildings, three high and large spaces are provided, which is indicated by a first high and large space, a second high and large space, three layers of each high and large space are communicated and high, 3m layers of high is used for calculation, the net height of each high and large space can reach 9m, the whole building is a 9-layer high public building, the smoke exhaust system of the application serves three high and large spaces, two civil shafts 1 are provided and symmetrically arranged on two sides of the high and large space, compared with the traditional mode of adopting a single air shaft and a single fan, smoke exhaust air pipes are respectively arranged in the two civil shafts 1, a plurality of pages of smoke exhaust ports 3 are laterally arranged on the wall surfaces of the civil shafts 1, the installation height of the arranged multi-page smoke exhaust ports 3 during installation should meet that H1 is more than or equal to 1.6+0.1XH 0 (H0 is the net height of the high and large space), the number of the multi-page smoke outlets 3 needs to comprehensively consider the installation height H1, the clear height H0 of a high space and the specification and the size of the multi-page smoke outlets 3, the smoke discharging amount of a single multi-page smoke outlet 3 does not exceed the maximum allowable air quantity, 2-3 smoke outlets are generally taken, the most adverse point from the multi-page smoke outlets 3 to the service space is less than or equal to 30m, the most adverse point smoke can be effectively sucked, the multi-page smoke outlets 3 can be normally closed, a smoke sensing probe sends a fire alarm signal when a fire disaster occurs, a control center switches on an electric signal to enable the valve to be quickly opened, and can also manually and quickly open the valve to discharge smoke, the layout mode is proposed and implemented in a scheme stage, has no influence on the decoration style of a later-stage suspended ceiling, the occupied room area of a single civil shaft is small, the multi-page smoke outlets 3 are generally arranged at the corner positions of a room, the influence of the multi-page smoke outlets 3 on the whole layout of a hall is reduced, simultaneously, only 2 to 3 multi-page smoke outlet 3 need be arranged on each vertical shaft, reduce the impact effect to the whole vision in high and big space, further, the multi-page smoke outlet 3 in each high and big space is connected with smoke exhaust branch pipe 4, smoke exhaust branch pipe 4 is connected with smoke exhaust main pipe 5, smoke exhaust main pipe 5 is arranged in civil engineering vertical shaft 1's inside, and smoke exhaust main pipe 5 is linked together with exhaust fan 7 in fan room 2, thereby can control multi-page smoke outlet 3 to discharge fume through the start-up of exhaust fan 7, the final air guide tripe that follows installed on fan room 2 of flue gas is arranged to the outdoor, and the air guide tripe on air guide tripe 8 can be the slope upwards setting, thereby can be with flue gas orientation oblique top transport, still further, be provided with smoke exhaust fire damper 6 between smoke exhaust main pipe 5 and the exhaust fan 7, the fire damper 6 that sets up can use 280 ℃ fire damper, when smoke exhaust main pipe 5 flue gas temperature reaches 280 ℃, this valve automatic fusing closes and exhaust fan 7 closes, can play certain guard action to fan 7, this application adopts two civil engineering vertical shafts 1, and adopt two fan 7 to make the actual noise reduction of fan that the fan is used in the power distribution of fan 7 when the fan is used to reduce.

In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, a plurality of ventilation louvers 9 are uniformly arranged on the vertical height of the side surface of the civil shaft 1, the plurality of ventilation louvers 9 and the plurality of multi-page smoke outlets 3 are arranged at intervals, the ventilation louvers 9 are positioned below the multi-page smoke outlets 3, an air inlet branch pipe 10 is arranged at one side of the plurality of ventilation louvers 9, an air inlet main pipe 11 is fixedly connected to one end of the plurality of air inlet branch pipes 10, which is far away from the ventilation louvers 9, the plurality of ventilation louvers 9 and the air inlet main pipe 11 are all positioned in the civil shaft 1, an air inlet machine 13 is arranged in the fan room 2, the top end of the air inlet main pipe 11 enters the interior of the fan room 2 and is connected with the air inlet machine 13, an air control valve 12 is arranged between the air inlet main pipe 11 and the air inlet machine 13, an air inlet louver 14 for carrying out air inlet is arranged at the inlet of the fan room 2, and the air inlet louver 14 is communicated with the air inlet machine 13.

In this embodiment, the ventilation louver 9 is located below the multi-leaf smoke outlet 3, and the louver on the ventilation louver 9 is inclined, so that when the air inlet fan 13 is started, outdoor air can be pumped into the air inlet main pipe 11 through the air inlet louver 14, then the air is conveyed to the ventilation louver 9 through the air inlet main pipe 11 and the air inlet branch pipes 10, outdoor air can be blown toward the lower part of the room through the louver obliquely arranged on the ventilation louver 9, under the condition of fire, smoke can be rapidly discharged from the higher part of the room through the cooperation of the multi-leaf smoke outlet 3 and the ventilation louver 9, fresh air can be conveyed toward the lower part of the room, the concentration of smoke in the room is reduced, the conveying direction of the fresh air is controlled, a channel is provided for people to evacuate, and the ventilation louver 9 can be used for indoor ventilation in daily life, so as to meet the ventilation heat release of a large space in the high-temperature season in summer.

In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, a supporting plate 17 is fixedly connected to one side of the inner wall of the wind turbine room 2, the supporting plate 17 can support the exhaust fan 7, the exhaust fan 7 is located above the supporting plate 17, the wind inlet machine 13 is located below the supporting plate 17, the occupied space of equipment in the wind turbine room 2 can be reduced, a wind shield 18 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the wind turbine room 2, the wind shield 18 is located between the wind exhaust louver 8 and the wind inlet louver 14, a certain isolation effect can be achieved between the exhaust smoke of the wind exhaust louver 8 and the intake air of the wind inlet louver 14, the exhaust smoke is prevented from entering the wind inlet louver 14 downwards as much as possible, the louvers of the wind exhaust louver 8 are inclined upwards, and the louvers of the wind inlet louver 14 are inclined downwards.

In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a plurality of first air guiding fans 15 are uniformly connected to one side of the inner wall of the civil vertical shaft 1 through bolts, the first air guiding fans 15 can use high temperature resistant fans, the first air guiding fans 15 are located on the main smoke exhaust pipe 5 between adjacent smoke exhaust branch pipes 4, the first air guiding fans 15 are communicated with the main smoke exhaust pipe 5, and through the use of the plurality of first air guiding fans 15, the smoke exhaust effect of the multi-page smoke exhaust ports 3 with different distributions can be enhanced.

In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a plurality of second air guiding fans 16 are uniformly connected to one side of the inner wall of the civil vertical shaft 1 far away from the first air guiding fans 15 through bolts, the second air guiding fans 16 can accelerate the circulation of air when being started, the second air guiding fans 16 are located on the air inlet main pipe 11 between the adjacent air inlet branch pipes 10, the second air guiding fans 16 are communicated with the air inlet main pipe 11, and the circulation effect of the air inside the air inlet main pipe 11 can be enhanced through the second air guiding fans 16, so as to ensure the ventilation effect of the low-position ventilation louver 9.

Example 2

The embodiment is an improvement made on the basis of the embodiment 1, and particularly referring to fig. 3, one side of a fan room 2 is fixedly connected with a smoke guide bent pipe 19, and one end of the smoke guide bent pipe 19 is communicated with an air exhaust shutter 8.

In this embodiment, the smoke guide bent pipe 19 is provided to guide the smoke discharged through the air exhaust louver 8, so that the smoke can be discharged upward, and the smoke is prevented from affecting the air intake of the air exhaust louver 9 as much as possible.

Example 3

The embodiment is an improvement made on the basis of embodiment 2, and specifically referring to fig. 3 and 4, an L-shaped guide plate 20 is fixedly connected to one side, close to the exhaust louver 8, of the inner wall of the smoke guide bent pipe 19, a liquid outlet 21 penetrating the smoke guide bent pipe 19 is formed in the bottom of the smoke guide bent pipe 19, and a smoke guide waterproof plate 22 is arranged in the liquid outlet 21.

In this embodiment, the L-shaped guide 20 that sets up comprises the smoke guide that is located the below and the water guide that is located the top, can discharge the exhaust cigarette towards oblique top through the smoke guide, avoid having smog to enter into between the inner wall contained angle of water guide and the smoke guide return bend 19, can outwards discharge the rainwater through the leakage fluid dram 21 of seting up through the water guide that sets up when raining, and be provided with the water guide 22 at the inside of leakage fluid dram 21, can avoid the cigarette to discharge from leakage fluid dram 21 position as far as possible through the water guide 22 of setting, simultaneously also can avoid the rainwater to flow into the inside of tripe 8 of airing exhaust along the inner wall bottom of the smoke guide return bend 19 as far as possible.

The implementation principle of the centralized ventilation and smoke exhaust system for the high and large spaces of the public building provided by the embodiment of the invention is as follows:

when the novel air conditioner is used, the smoke exhaust air pipes are respectively arranged in the two civil vertical shafts 1, the multiple-page smoke exhaust ports 3 are laterally arranged on the wall surface of the civil vertical shaft 1 so as to avoid the influence on the decoration style of a later suspended ceiling, the multiple-page smoke exhaust ports 3 in each high and large space are connected with the smoke exhaust branch pipes 4, the smoke exhaust branch pipes 4 are connected with the smoke exhaust main pipes 5, the top ends of the smoke exhaust main pipes 5 are communicated with the exhaust fans 7 in the fan rooms 2, the smoke exhaust can be controlled by starting the exhaust fans 7 to exhaust smoke through the multiple-page smoke exhaust ports 3, and the two civil vertical shafts 1 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the high and large space and adopt the two exhaust fans 7 matched with the two smoke exhaust ports, so that the power distribution of a single fan can be reduced while the smoke exhaust effect is enhanced, and the noise of the fan during operation can be reduced;

outdoor air can be pumped into the air inlet main pipe 11 through the air inlet louver 14 by starting the air inlet fan 13, the air is conveyed to the position of the ventilation louver 9 through the cooperation of the air inlet main pipe 11 and the air inlet branch pipes 10, the outdoor air can be blown towards the indoor low position through the louver obliquely arranged on the ventilation louver 9, smoke can be rapidly discharged from the indoor high position through the cooperation of the multiple-leaf smoke exhaust port 3 and the ventilation louver 9 under the condition of fire alarm, fresh air is conveyed to the indoor low position, the indoor smoke concentration is reduced, the conveying direction of the fresh air is controlled, a channel is provided for people evacuation, and the ventilation louver 9 can be used for indoor ventilation in daily life, so that the ventilation and heat removal of a high space in the ordinary times of summer high-temperature seasons are met, and the application is more beneficial to practical use.

The above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, so: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of the invention should be covered in the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. A system for centralized ventilation and smoke evacuation in a tall space of a public building, comprising:

the utility model provides a be located civil engineering shaft (1) of building high and big space both sides and be located fan house (2) of building high and big space top both sides, fan house (2) are located the top of civil engineering shaft (1), the vertical high side of side evenly arranged of civil engineering shaft (1) several many pages of exhaust port (3) side inhale, and the several one side of many pages of exhaust port (3) all is provided with exhaust branch pipe (4), and the several exhaust branch pipe (4) are kept away from the one end fixedly connected with of many pages of exhaust port (3) is responsible for fume exhaust pipe (5), the several exhaust branch pipe (4) with exhaust is responsible for (5) all to be located the inside of civil engineering shaft (1), the inside of fan house (2) is provided with exhaust fan (7), the top of exhaust is responsible for (5) get into the inside of fan house (2) with exhaust fan (7) are connected, be responsible for (5) with be provided with between exhaust fan (7) fire prevention valve (6), fan (2) are kept away from the one end fixedly connected with exhaust pipe (5), and are used for carrying out tripe (8) exhaust fan (8).

2. A public building high-rise space centralized ventilation and smoke evacuation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the vertical high evenly arranged of side of civil engineering shaft (1) several ventilation tripe (9), several ventilation tripe (9) with several many pages of exhaust port (3) interval sets up, just ventilation tripe (9) are located the below of many pages of exhaust port (3), several one side of ventilation tripe (9) is provided with air inlet branch pipe (10), several air inlet branch pipe (10) keep away from one end fixedly connected with air inlet of ventilation tripe (9) is responsible for (11), several ventilation tripe (9) with air inlet is responsible for (11) all to be located the inside of civil engineering shaft (1), the inside of fan room (2) is provided with air inlet machine (13), the top of air inlet person in charge (11) gets into the inside of fan room (2) with air inlet machine (13) are connected, air inlet person in charge (11) with be provided with accuse blast gate (12) between air inlet machine (13), the entry of fan (2) is provided with and is used for carrying out tripe (14) and air inlet machine (13), air inlet machine (14) are linked together.

3. A public building high-rise space centralized ventilation and smoke evacuation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: one side of the fan room (2) is fixedly connected with a smoke guide bent pipe (19), and one end of the smoke guide bent pipe (19) is communicated with the air exhaust louver (8).

4. A public building high-rise space centralized ventilation and smoke evacuation system as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the fan room is characterized in that a supporting plate (17) is fixedly connected to one side of the inner wall of the fan room (2), the exhaust fan (7) is located above the supporting plate (17), and the air inlet machine (13) is located below the supporting plate (17).

5. A public building high-rise space centralized ventilation and smoke evacuation system as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the outer wall fixedly connected with deep bead (18) in fan room (2), deep bead (18) are located between tripe (8) of airing exhaust with air inlet tripe (14).

6. A public building high-rise space centralized ventilation and smoke evacuation system as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the civil engineering vertical shaft (1) inner wall one side is connected with a plurality of first air guide fans (15) through the bolt evenly, first air guide fans (15) are located adjacent on a smoke discharging main pipe (5) between smoke discharging branch pipes (4), and the first air guide fans (15) are communicated with the smoke discharging main pipe (5).

7. A public building high-rise space centralized ventilation and smoke evacuation system according to claim 3, wherein: the inner wall of the smoke guide bent pipe (19) is close to one side of the air exhaust shutter (8) and fixedly connected with an L-shaped guide plate (20), a liquid outlet (21) penetrating through the smoke guide bent pipe (19) is formed in the bottom of the smoke guide bent pipe (19), and a smoke guide waterproof plate (22) is arranged in the liquid outlet (21).

8. A public building high-rise space centralized ventilation and smoke evacuation system as claimed in claim 6, wherein: one side of the inner wall of the civil construction vertical shaft (1) far away from the first air guide machine (15) is uniformly connected with a plurality of second air guide machines (16) through bolts, the second air guide machines (16) are located on an air inlet main pipe (11) between the adjacent air inlet branch pipes (10), and the second air guide machines (16) are communicated with the air inlet main pipe (11).