CN117249176B - Hollow spline transmission shaft - Google Patents
Hollow spline transmission shaft Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117249176B CN117249176B CN202311535888.4A CN202311535888A CN117249176B CN 117249176 B CN117249176 B CN 117249176B CN 202311535888 A CN202311535888 A CN 202311535888A CN 117249176 B CN117249176 B CN 117249176B
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- spline
- shaft
- teeth
- cover
- hollow
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title abstract description 30
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
- F16D3/02—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive adapted to specific functions
- F16D3/06—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive adapted to specific functions specially adapted to allow axial displacement
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
- F16D3/84—Shrouds, e.g. casings, covers; Sealing means specially adapted therefor
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle transmission, in particular to a hollow spline transmission shaft. The hollow spline drive shaft includes: the universal joint comprises a movable universal assembly, an internal spline assembly, an external spline assembly and a fixed universal assembly. The internal spline assembly comprises a connecting shaft, a spline shaft and a first blanking cover. The connecting shaft and the spline shaft are arranged as hollow tubes. The first blanking cover is in interference fit with the inner hole of the spline shaft. The external spline assembly comprises a connecting sleeve, a spline housing, a second blanking cover and a sealing ring. The connecting sleeve and the spline housing are arranged as a hollow tube. The second blanking cover is in interference fit with the inner hole of the spline housing. The spline housing is arranged in the spline housing and is in sliding connection with the spline housing. One end of the sealing ring is sleeved on the spline housing and is in interference fit with the peripheral surface of the spline housing. The inner peripheral surface of the sealing ring is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the connecting shaft. The first blanking cover and the second blanking cover are arranged at intervals. Thus, the problem of overweight transmission shaft is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle transmission, in particular to a hollow spline transmission shaft.
Background
The drive shaft is an important component for transmitting power in the drive train of an automobile, and is installed between the transmission and the rear axle to transmit the energy generated by the engine to the wheels, so that the wheels rotate. Because it needs to bear both alternating load changing at any time and impact load caused by starting, braking and road conditions in the running process of the automobile, the transmission shaft is required to have better strength. The drive shaft is therefore typically a solid shaft. The drive shaft is generally composed of a shaft and a universal joint. Most of the current transmission shaft parts are made of steel. The steel components are heavy, and the inertia generated by the automobile in the running process is large. In the high-speed running process of the automobile, collision friction generated among parts is relatively large, and certain abrasion can be caused to the automobile parts. Meanwhile, the weight of the transmission shaft is heavy, the weight of the whole vehicle can be increased, the energy consumption of the whole vehicle is increased, and the discharged waste gases such as carbon dioxide and the like are relatively more, so that the environment protection is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem of overweight of the transmission shaft, the invention provides a hollow spline transmission shaft, which comprises:
the universal joint comprises a movable universal assembly, an internal spline assembly, an external spline assembly and a fixed universal assembly;
the internal spline assembly comprises a connecting shaft, a spline shaft and a first blanking cover; the connecting shaft and the spline shaft are arranged into a hollow pipe; one end of the connecting shaft is welded with one end of the movable universal assembly, and the other end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with one end of the spline shaft; the first blanking cover is in interference fit with an inner hole of one end, far away from the connecting shaft, of the spline shaft;
the external spline assembly comprises a connecting sleeve, a spline housing, a second blanking cover and a sealing ring; the connecting sleeve and the spline housing are arranged to be hollow pipes; one end of the connecting sleeve is welded with one end of the fixed universal assembly, and the other end of the connecting sleeve is welded with one end of the spline housing; the second blanking cover is in interference fit with an inner hole of one end, close to the connecting sleeve, of the spline housing; one end of the sealing ring is sleeved at one end, far away from the connecting sleeve, of the spline housing, and the sealing ring is in interference fit with the peripheral surface of the spline housing; the spline sleeve is sleeved in the spline sleeve and is in sliding connection with the spline sleeve; the other end of the sealing ring is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the connecting shaft, and the inner peripheral surface of the sealing ring is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the connecting shaft; the first blanking cover and the second blanking cover are arranged at intervals.
In some embodiments, the first cover comprises a first cover body, a first elastic membrane; the first cover body is arranged in a circular ring shape, and the first elastic membrane is arranged in a disc shape; the outer peripheral surface of the first cover body is in interference fit with an inner hole of one end, far away from the connecting shaft, of the spline shaft, and the inner peripheral surface side of the first cover body is fixedly connected with the outer peripheral side of the first elastic membrane; the first elastic film deforms towards the direction of the acting force when receiving the lateral external force.
In some embodiments, the thickness of the first elastic film gradually decreases from the outer peripheral side of the first elastic film in the radial direction toward the first elastic film central axis direction.
In some embodiments, the first elastic membrane includes a first connection portion, a first recess, a first protrusion; the first connecting part, the first concave part and the first convex part are arranged in concentric rings; one side of the first connecting part is fixedly connected with the inner peripheral surface side of the first cover body, and the other side of the first connecting part is fixedly connected with the outer peripheral side of the first concave part or the first convex part; the first convex part and the first concave part are fixedly connected at intervals in sequence; the first concave portion and the first convex portion are respectively protruded and extended toward both sides of the first elastic film.
In some embodiments, the second cover comprises a second cover body, a second elastic membrane; the second cover body is arranged in a circular ring shape, and the second elastic membrane is arranged in a disc shape; the outer peripheral surface of the second cover body is in interference fit with an inner hole of one end, close to the connecting sleeve, of the spline housing, and the inner peripheral surface side of the second cover body is fixedly connected with the outer peripheral side of the second elastic membrane; the second elastic film receives the action of lateral external force and changes towards the direction of the acting force.
In some embodiments, the thickness of the second elastic film gradually decreases from the outer peripheral side of the second elastic film in the radial direction toward the second elastic film central axis direction.
In some embodiments, the second elastic membrane includes a second connection portion, a second recess, a second protrusion; the second connecting part, the second concave part and the second convex part are arranged in concentric rings; one side of the second connecting part is fixedly connected with the inner peripheral surface side of the second cover body, and the other side of the second connecting part is fixedly connected with the outer peripheral side of the second concave part or the second convex part; the second convex part and the second concave part are fixedly connected at intervals in sequence; the second concave portion and the second convex portion are respectively protruded and extended toward both sides of the second elastic film.
In some embodiments, the internal spline assembly further comprises a balance tube; the balance pipe passes through the spline shaft and part of the connecting shaft to be communicated with the first movable cavity and the second movable cavity; the first movable cavity is surrounded by the sealing ring, the spline housing, the connecting shaft and one end of the spline shaft; the second movable cavity is surrounded by the other end of the spline shaft, the spline housing, the first blocking cover and the second blocking cover.
In some embodiments, the spline shaft comprises a shaft body, a first tooth, a second tooth, a first groove; the shaft body is arranged as a hollow tube; the first teeth and the second teeth are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body in a clearance mode, and the cross section of the second teeth is larger than the cross section of the first teeth; the first groove is arranged between two first teeth or between the first teeth and the second teeth; the spline housing comprises a housing body, a third tooth, a second groove and a third groove; the sleeve body is arranged into a hollow tube, and the third teeth, the second groove and the third groove are arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve body; the cross section of the third groove is larger than the cross section of the second groove; one second groove or one third groove is arranged between two adjacent third teeth; the first tooth is in mating abutment with the second slot, the second tooth is in mating abutment with the third slot, and the third tooth is in mating abutment with the first tooth.
In some embodiments, the spline shaft comprises at least two of the second teeth; the second teeth are uniformly spaced along the peripheral side of the spline shaft.
In some embodiments, the balance tube passes through a region of the shaft body proximate the second tooth.
In order to solve the problem of overweight transmission shaft weight, the invention has the following advantages:
the telescopic spline of the transmission shaft is of a hollow tubular structure, so that the weight of the transmission shaft can be greatly reduced, and materials are saved. And the whole car can be light, and the performance of the whole car is improved. The spline housing is arranged in the spline housing and is in sliding connection with the spline housing, so that the length of the transmission shaft can be changed. Since the transmission shaft is installed between the transmission case and the rear axle of the vehicle, it is used to transfer the kinetic energy generated by the engine to the wheels. Therefore, the phenomenon that the wheels jolt due to uneven pavement in the moving process of the automobile, so that the relative position between the gearbox and the rear axle of the automobile changes to generate collision, and the gearbox or the rear axle of the automobile is damaged can be prevented. In order to prevent the spline shaft and the spline housing from being worn, lubricating grease is filled between the spline shaft and the spline housing. Grease is easily squeezed out of the spline housing as the spline shaft and the spline housing slide. Therefore, the sealing ring, the first blanking cover and the second blanking cover are arranged on the end face of the spline shaft or the end face of the spline sleeve, so that lubricating grease inside the spline can be prevented from overflowing, and sediment and dust can be prevented from entering the spline to abrade the spline.
Drawings
FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic view of a hollow spline drive shaft of one embodiment;
FIG. 2 illustrates a first closure schematic of an embodiment;
FIG. 3 illustrates a second closure schematic of an embodiment;
FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic view of an internal spline assembly of an embodiment;
FIG. 5 illustrates a spline shaft schematic diagram of an embodiment;
FIG. 6 shows a schematic view of an internal spline assembly of another embodiment;
FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a spline shaft of another embodiment;
FIG. 8 illustrates a schematic diagram of a spline housing of an embodiment;
FIG. 9 shows a schematic view of a spline housing of another embodiment;
FIG. 10 shows a schematic view of another embodiment of a spline housing.
Reference numerals: 01 a movable universal assembly; 11 a first movable fork; 12 a first universal joint; 13 a second movable fork; 02 an internal spline assembly; 21 a connecting shaft; a 22 spline shaft; 221 shaft body; 222 first teeth; 223 second teeth; 224 a first groove; 23 a first blanking cover; 231 a first cover; 232 a first elastic film; 2321 a first recess; 2322 a first protrusion; 2323 a first connection; 24 balancing pipes; 03 an external spline assembly; 31 connecting sleeves; 32 spline housing; 321 sleeve body; 322 third tooth; 323 a second groove; 324 a third slot; 33 a second blanking cover; 331 a second cover; 332 a second elastic film; 3321 second recess; 3322 second protrusions; 3323 second connection portion; 34 sealing rings; 04 fixing the universal assembly; 41 a first fixed fork; 42 a second universal joint; 43 a second fixed fork; 05 a first active cavity; 06 a second active cavity.
Detailed Description
The disclosure will now be discussed with reference to several exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed only to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to better understand and thus practice the present disclosure, and are not meant to imply any limitation on the scope of the present disclosure.
As used herein, the term "comprising" and variants thereof are to be interpreted as meaning "including but not limited to" open-ended terms. The term "based on" is to be interpreted as "based at least in part on". The terms "one embodiment" and "an embodiment" are to be interpreted as "at least one embodiment. The term "another embodiment" is to be interpreted as "at least one other embodiment". The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "vertical", "horizontal", "transverse", "longitudinal", etc. refer to an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings. These terms are used primarily to better describe the present application and its embodiments and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element or component to a particular orientation or to be constructed and operated in a particular orientation. Also, some of the terms described above may be used to indicate other meanings in addition to orientation or positional relationships, for example, the term "upper" may also be used to indicate some sort of attachment or connection in some cases. The specific meaning of these terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate. Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "configured," "provided," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or a unitary construction; may be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be in internal communication between two devices, elements, or components. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used primarily to distinguish between different devices, elements, or components (the particular species and configurations may be the same or different), and are not used to indicate or imply the relative importance and number of devices, elements, or components indicated. Unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
The embodiment discloses a hollow spline transmission shaft, as shown in fig. 1, may include:
a movable universal assembly 01, an internal spline assembly 02, an external spline assembly 03 and a fixed universal assembly 04;
the internal spline assembly 02 comprises a connecting shaft 21, a spline shaft 22 and a first blanking cover 23; the connecting shaft 21 and the spline shaft 22 are provided as hollow pipes; one end of the connecting shaft 21 is welded with one end of the movable universal assembly 01, and the other end of the connecting shaft 21 is fixedly connected with one end of the spline shaft 22; the first blanking cover 23 is in interference fit with an inner hole of one end of the spline shaft 22 away from the connecting shaft 21;
the external spline assembly 03 comprises a connecting sleeve 31, a spline housing 32, a second blanking cover 33 and a sealing ring 34; the connecting sleeve 31 and the spline sleeve 32 are arranged as hollow tubes; one end of the connecting sleeve 31 is welded with one end of the fixed universal assembly 04, and the other end of the connecting sleeve 31 is welded with one end of the spline housing 32; the second blanking cover 33 is in interference fit with an inner hole of one end, close to the connecting sleeve 31, of the spline housing 32; one end of the sealing ring 34 is sleeved at one end of the spline housing 32 far away from the connecting sleeve 31, and the sealing ring 34 is in interference fit with the peripheral surface of the spline housing 32; the spline shaft 22 is sleeved in the spline housing 32 and is in sliding connection with the spline housing 32; the other end of the sealing ring 34 is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the connecting shaft 21, and the inner peripheral surface of the sealing ring 34 is abutted against the outer peripheral surface of the connecting shaft 21; the first blanking cover 23 and the second blanking cover 33 are arranged at intervals.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the hollow spline drive shaft may include:
a movable universal assembly 01, an internal spline assembly 02, an external spline assembly 03 and a fixed universal assembly 04. The movable universal assembly 01 and the internal spline assembly 02 can be fixedly connected through a welding process, the internal spline assembly 02 and the external spline assembly 03 can be connected through a spline, and the external spline assembly 03 and the fixed universal assembly 04 can be fixedly connected through a welding process. Thus, a complete universal joint transmission shaft can be formed for transmitting kinetic energy generated by the engine to the wheels so as to enable the vehicle to run.
As shown in fig. 4 and 6, the internal spline assembly 02 may include a connecting shaft 21, a spline shaft 22, and a first blanking cover 23. In order to reduce the weight of the internal spline assembly 02, the connecting shaft 21 and the spline shaft 22 may be provided in a hollow tubular structure. The original solid shaft is generally processed by a casting process, and after the hollow tubular structure is changed, the original casting process can be changed into a welding process. Thus, material resources are saved, the weight of the internal spline assembly 02 is reduced, the difficulty in product processing is reduced, the weight of the vehicle can be further reduced, and the performance of the vehicle is improved. One end of the connecting shaft 21 may be fixedly connected with one end of the movable gimbal assembly 01 through a welding process. The other end of the connecting shaft 21 may be fixedly connected to one end of the spline shaft 22, may be welded, or may be integral with the spline shaft 22. Thereby transmitting the torque to the movable universal assembly 01 through spline connection and further driving the wheels to rotate. A first blocking cover 23 may be further disposed in an inner hole of one end of the spline shaft 22 away from the connecting shaft 21, where the first blocking cover 23 is in interference fit with the inner hole of the spline shaft 22.
As shown in fig. 1, the external spline assembly 03 may include a connection sleeve 31, a spline housing 32, a second cover 33, and a seal ring 34. The connecting sleeve 31 and the spline housing 32 may be provided in a hollow tubular structure. Thus, not only material resources are saved and the weight of the external spline assembly 03 is lightened, but also the difficulty of product processing is reduced. The weight of the vehicle can be reduced, and the performance of the vehicle is improved. One end of the connecting sleeve 31 may be welded to one end of the spline housing 32, and the other end of the connecting sleeve 31 may be welded to one end of the fixed universal assembly 04. The spline shaft 22 may be nested within the spline housing 32. Therefore, the movable universal assembly 01, the internal spline assembly 02, the external spline assembly 03 and the fixed universal assembly 04 form a whole, and the purpose of transmitting power generated by an engine to wheels and enabling the wheels to rotate is achieved.
When the vehicle runs on an uneven road surface, the wheels and the vehicle body jolt, so that the relative distance between the gearbox and the rear axle of the vehicle can be changed. The transmission shaft is installed between the gearbox and the rear axle of the vehicle, and may collide with the gearbox and the rear axle of the vehicle, and finally damage the gearbox or the rear axle of the vehicle. In order to prevent this, the spline shaft 22 and the spline housing 32 may be provided in sliding connection. The spline shaft 22 and the spline housing 32 are allowed to have a space for relative sliding, thereby preventing the occurrence of a shock due to a change in the relative distance between the transmission and the rear axle of the vehicle. Since the spline shaft 22 and the spline housing 32 are slidably connected, abrasion may occur to the spline shaft 22 and the spline housing 32, and grease may be filled in the joint between the spline shaft 22 and the spline housing 32 in order to reduce abrasion. Grease is carried out of the spline shaft 22 along with the sliding of the spline shaft 22 and the spline housing 32, thereby reducing the effect of grease lubrication. In order to prevent this, a seal 34 may be provided on the spline shaft 22 or the spline housing 32. As shown in fig. 1, the sealing ring 34 may be provided in a ring shape, and an outer ring of the sealing ring 34 may be sleeved at one end of the spline housing 32 far away from the connecting sleeve 31, where the sealing ring 34 is in interference fit with an outer peripheral surface of the spline housing 32, so as to ensure that the sealing ring 34 does not fall off. The inner ring of the seal ring 34 is fitted around the outer peripheral surface of the connection shaft 21, and the inner peripheral surface of the seal ring 34 may abut against the outer peripheral surface of the connection shaft 21. A second blocking cover 33 may be disposed at the other end of the spline housing 32, and the second blocking cover 33 may be in interference fit with an inner hole of the spline housing 32 near one end of the connecting sleeve 31, so as to ensure that the second blocking cover 33 does not fall off. Thus, the sealing rings 34 and the second blanking covers 33 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the spline housing 32, so that grease can be prevented from flowing out, and a good lubricating effect of the grease is ensured. A first blocking cover 23 may be further disposed in an inner hole of one end of the spline shaft 22 away from the connecting shaft 21, where the first blocking cover 23 is in interference fit with the inner hole of the spline shaft 22. This prevents grease from being pushed into the connecting shaft 21, which would affect the lubrication effect. The first cover 23 and the second cover 33 may be disposed at intervals, and the spline shaft 22 and the spline housing 32 may have a certain sliding space while ensuring the sealability thereof, thereby reducing the impact caused by the change of the relative distance between the gearbox and the rear axle of the vehicle.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the movable gimbal assembly 01 may include: a first movable fork 11, a first universal joint 12 and a second movable fork 13. One end of the first movable fork 11 is fixedly connected with the wheel assembly, and the other end thereof can be connected with one end of the second movable fork 13 through the first universal joint 12. The other end of the second movable fork 13 may be fixedly connected with one end of the internal spline assembly 02 through a welding process. Thereby transmitting the torque transmitted from the transmission shaft to the wheels through the movable universal assembly 01.
As shown in fig. 1, the fixed gimbal assembly 04 may include: a first fixed fork 41, a second universal joint 42 and a second fixed fork 43. One end of the first fixed fork 41 is fixedly connected with the reduction gearbox, and the other end is connected with one end of the second fixed fork 43 through a second universal joint 42. The other end of the second fixing fork 43 may be fixedly connected with one end of the external spline assembly 03 through a welding process. The kinetic energy obtained by the reduction gearbox is transferred to the transmission shaft and then to the wheels through the transmission shaft.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the first cover 23 includes a first cover 231, a first elastic membrane 232; the first cover 231 is provided in a circular ring shape, and the first elastic membrane 232 is provided in a disc shape; the outer peripheral surface of the first cover 231 is in interference fit with an inner hole of one end of the spline shaft 22 away from the connecting shaft 21, and the inner peripheral surface side of the first cover 231 is fixedly connected with the outer peripheral side of the first elastic membrane 232; the first elastic membrane 232 is deformed in the direction of the urging force upon receiving the side-out force.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, in order to prevent the sliding between the spline shaft 22 and the spline housing 32 from causing wear to the spline shaft 22 and the spline housing 32, grease is filled between the spline shaft 22 and the spline housing 32. In order to prevent grease from being squeezed out during transmission, a first plug cover 23 may be provided in an inner hole of an end of the spline shaft 22 remote from the connecting shaft 21. However, in the process of sliding the spline shaft 22 and the spline housing 32, as shown in fig. 1, a second movable chamber 06 is formed in the first cover 23, the second cover 33, one end surface of the spline shaft 22, and the inner peripheral surface of the spline housing 32. The size of the second movable chamber 06 changes as the spline shaft 22 and the spline housing 32 slide relative to each other. The air enclosed in the second movable chamber 06 will generate a variable pressure along with the change of the size of the second movable chamber 06, so that the first cover 23 or the second cover 33 is separated. The first elastic membrane 232 may be provided on the first shutter 23, and the change in pressure in the second movable chamber 06 is eliminated by the deformation of the elastic membrane. As shown in fig. 2, the first blocking cover 23 may include a first cover body 231 and a first elastic membrane 232. The first cover 231 is provided in a circular ring shape. The first elastic film 232 is provided in a disc shape. The inner peripheral surface side of the first cover 231 is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral side of the first elastic film 232. The first blanking cover 23 is mounted on the end of the spline shaft 22 remote from the connecting shaft 21 by interference fit. As shown in fig. 1 and 4, when the volume of the second movable chamber 06 becomes smaller, the compressed air sealed in the second movable chamber 06 deforms the first elastic membrane 232 in a direction approaching the spline shaft 22 (upward in fig. 1). When the second movable chamber 06 becomes larger in volume, the air sealed in the second movable chamber 06 deforms the first elastic membrane 232 in a direction away from the spline shaft 22 (downward in fig. 1). This can maintain the pressure in the second movable chamber 06 within an allowable range all the time, and the first cover 231 or the second cover 331 does not fall off due to the excessive or insufficient pressure. Thereby preventing grease from being squeezed into the cavity inside the connecting shaft 21, affecting the lubrication effect.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the thickness of the first elastic film 232 gradually decreases from the outer peripheral side of the first elastic film 232 in the radial direction toward the central axis of the first elastic film 232.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, in order to ensure that the first elastic film 232 is firmly connected to the first cover 231 and is not easy to fall off, the thickness of the first elastic film 232 and the first connection portion 2323 (i.e., the outer peripheral side of the first elastic film 232) may be set to be slightly thicker so as to ensure the strength thereof. On the other hand, in order to ensure that the first elastic membrane 232 has good elasticity, it can deform with the pressure change in the second movable chamber 06, and the thickness of the first elastic membrane 232 needs to be thinner. Accordingly, the thickness of the first elastic film 232 may be set to gradually decrease from the outer peripheral side thereof in the radial direction toward the center direction. This can satisfy the requirement of high elasticity while ensuring firm connection of the first elastic membrane 232 and the first cover 231.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the first elastic film 232 includes a first connection portion 2323, a first recess 2321, a first protrusion 2322; the first connection 2323, the first recess 2321, and the first protrusion 2322 are arranged as concentric rings; one side of the first connection portion 2323 is fixedly connected to the inner circumferential surface side of the first cover 231, and the other side of the first connection portion 2323 is fixedly connected to the outer circumferential side of the first concave portion 2321 or the first convex portion 2322; the first convex portion 2322 and the first concave portion 2321 are fixedly connected at intervals in sequence; the first concave portion 2321 and the first convex portion 2322 are respectively convex-extended toward both sides of the first elastic film 232.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, since the internal spline assembly 02 and the external spline assembly 03 slide each other during running of the vehicle, the volume of the second movable chamber 06 is changed. When the volume of the second movable chamber 06 becomes larger, the internal pressure of the second movable chamber 06 becomes smaller than the external pressure, and the pressure difference causes the first elastic membrane 232 to deform in a direction away from the spline shaft 22 (downward in fig. 1). When the volume of the second movable chamber 06 becomes smaller, the internal pressure of the second movable chamber 06 becomes larger than the external pressure, and the pressure difference causes the first elastic membrane 232 to deform in a direction approaching the spline shaft 22 (upward in fig. 1). In order to facilitate the deformation of the first elastic film 232, the first elastic film 232 may be provided in a corrugated shape. As shown in fig. 2, the first elastic film 232 may be provided as one body including the first connection portion 2323, the first concave portion 2321, and the first convex portion 2322. The first concave portion 2321 may be disposed to be curved downward, and the first convex portion 2322 may be disposed to be curved upward. The first connection portion 2323, the first recess 2321, and the first protrusion 2322 may be provided in concentric circles. The cross section along the diameter direction of the first elastic film 232 may be provided in a corrugated shape. The first convex portion 2322 and the first concave portion 2321 are sequentially and fixedly connected at intervals. The peripheral side of the first elastic membrane 232 (i.e., the first connection portion 2323) is fixedly connected to the inner peripheral side of the first cover 231, so that the first elastic membrane 232 and the first cover 231 form a whole, and installation is facilitated. Thus, the first elastic membrane 232 can be easily deformed to balance the pressure in the second movable cavity 06, and the first blocking cover 23 is prevented from falling off.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the second blanking cover 33 includes a second cover 331, a second elastic membrane 332; the second cover 331 is provided in a circular ring shape, and the second elastic film 332 is provided in a disc shape; the outer peripheral surface of the second cover body 331 is in interference fit with an inner hole of one end, close to the connecting sleeve 31, of the spline housing 32, and the inner peripheral surface side of the second cover body 331 is fixedly connected with the outer peripheral side of the second elastic membrane 332; the second elastic film 332 receives a side-out force, and changes direction toward the urging force.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, in order to prevent grease filled between the spline shaft 22 and the spline housing 32 from being squeezed out during transmission, a second plug cover 33 may be provided in an inner hole at the lower end of the spline housing 32. The size of the second movable chamber 06 changes as the spline shaft 22 and the spline housing 32 slide relative to each other. The air enclosed in the second movable chamber 06 will generate a variable pressure along with the change of the size of the second movable chamber 06, so that the second blocking cover 33 is detached. A second elastic membrane 332 may be provided on the second cap 33. As shown in fig. 3, the second cap 33 may include a second cap body 331 and a second elastic membrane 332. The second cover 331 is provided in a ring shape. The second elastic film 332 is provided in a disc shape. The inner peripheral side of the second cover 331 is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral side of the second elastic film 332. The second blanking cover 33 is mounted on the lower end of the spline housing 32 by interference fit. As shown in fig. 1, when the volume of the second movable chamber 06 becomes smaller, the compressed air sealed in the second movable chamber 06 deforms the second elastic membrane 332 in a direction away from the spline shaft 22 (downward in fig. 1). When the second movable chamber 06 becomes larger in volume, the air sealed in the second movable chamber 06 deforms the first elastic membrane 232 in a direction approaching the spline shaft 22 (upward in fig. 1). In this way, the pressure in the second movable chamber 06 can be maintained within an allowable range all the time, and the second blocking cover 33 cannot fall off due to the excessive or insufficient pressure. Thereby preventing grease from being squeezed out to affect the lubrication effect.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the thickness of the second elastic film 332 gradually decreases from the outer peripheral side of the second elastic film 332 in the radial direction toward the central axis of the second elastic film 332.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, in order to ensure that the second elastic film 332 is firmly connected to the second cover 331 and is not easy to fall off, the thickness of the second elastic film 332 and the second connecting portion 3323 (i.e., the outer peripheral side of the second elastic film 332) may be set to be slightly thicker to ensure the strength thereof. On the other hand, in order to ensure that the second elastic film 332 has good elasticity, it can deform with the pressure change in the second movable chamber 06, and the thickness of the second elastic film 332 needs to be thin. Accordingly, the thickness of the second elastic film 332 may be set to gradually decrease from the outer peripheral side thereof in the radial direction toward the center direction. This can satisfy the requirement of high elasticity while ensuring firm connection of the second elastic film 332 and the second cover 331.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the second elastic membrane 332 includes a second connection portion 3323, a second concave portion 3321, and a second convex portion 3322; the second connecting portion 3323, the second concave portion 3321, and the second convex portion 3322 are arranged in concentric rings; one side of the second connection portion 3323 is fixedly connected to the inner circumferential surface side of the second cover 331, and the other side of the second connection portion 3323 is fixedly connected to the outer circumferential side of the second concave portion 3321 or the second convex portion 3322; the second convex portion 3322 and the second concave portion 3321 are sequentially and fixedly connected at intervals; the second concave portion 3321 and the second convex portion 3322 are respectively convex-extended toward both sides of the second elastic film 332.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, since the internal spline assembly 02 and the external spline assembly 03 slide each other during running of the vehicle, the volume of the second movable chamber 06 is changed. When the volume of the second movable chamber 06 becomes larger, the pressure inside the second movable chamber 06 becomes smaller than the external pressure, and the pressure difference causes the second elastic membrane 332 to deform in a direction approaching the spline shaft 22 (upward in fig. 1). When the volume of the second movable chamber 06 becomes smaller, the internal pressure of the second movable chamber 06 becomes larger than the external pressure, and the pressure difference causes the second elastic membrane 332 to deform in a direction away from the spline shaft 22 (downward in fig. 1). In order to facilitate the deformation of the second elastic film 332, the second elastic film 332 may be provided in a corrugated shape. As shown in fig. 3, the second elastic film 332 may be provided to include the second connection portion 3323, the second concave portion 3321, and the second convex portion 3322 as a whole. The second concave portion 3321 may be curved downward, and the second convex portion 3322 may be curved upward. The second connection portion 3323, the second concave portion 3321, and the second convex portion 3322 may be provided in concentric circular rings. The cross section along the diameter direction of the second elastic film 332 may be provided in a corrugated shape. The second convex portion 3322 and the second concave portion 3321 may be sequentially and fixedly connected at intervals. The second elastic membrane 332 is fixedly connected to the inner peripheral side of the second cover 331 at the peripheral side (i.e., the second connection portion 3323), so that the second elastic membrane 332 and the second cover 331 form a whole, and the installation is convenient. In this way, the second elastic membrane 332 is easy to deform to balance the pressure in the second movable cavity 06, so as to prevent the second blanking cover 33 from falling off.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the internal spline assembly 02 further includes a balance tube 24; the balance pipe 24 passes through the spline shaft 22 and part of the connecting shaft 21 to be communicated with the first movable cavity 05 and the second movable cavity 06; the first movable cavity 05 is formed by enclosing one end of a sealing ring 34, a spline housing 32, a connecting shaft 21 and a spline shaft 22; the second movable cavity 06 is surrounded by the other end of the spline shaft 22, the spline housing 32, the first blocking cover 23 and the second blocking cover 33.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, since the internal spline assembly 02 and the external spline assembly 03 slide each other during running of the vehicle, the volumes of the first movable chamber 05 and the second movable chamber 06 change. When the volume of the first movable chamber 05 becomes large, the volume of the second movable chamber 06 becomes small. When the volume of the first movable chamber 05 becomes smaller, the volume of the second movable chamber 06 becomes larger. The first movable cavity 05 is defined by a seal ring 34, a spline housing 32, an outer peripheral surface of the connecting shaft 21 and an upper end surface of the spline shaft 22. The second movable cavity 06 is surrounded by the lower end surface of the spline shaft 22, the inner peripheral surface of the spline housing 32, the first blanking cover 23 and the second blanking cover 33. Since the first movable chamber 05 and the second movable chamber 06 are both sealed spaces, the internal pressure thereof changes when the volume thereof changes. This causes the seal ring 34 or the first cover 23 or the second cover 33 to come off, so that the lubricating grease filled between the spline shaft 22 and the spline housing 32 is squeezed out, affecting the lubrication thereof. At the same time, the sliding and telescoping of the spline shaft 22 and spline housing 32 are also affected, thereby affecting the variation in drive shaft length. While the vehicle is traveling on a bumpy road, the distance between the reduction gearbox and the rear axle, which are connected by the drive shaft, is varied. For a long time, the reduction gearbox or the rear axle of the vehicle may be damaged. Accordingly, a balance tube 24 may be provided on the internal spline assembly 02. As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the balance tube 24 starts from the lower end face of the spline shaft 22 and is located in the second movable chamber 06. The balance pipe 24 is stopped at the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body 221 of the spline shaft 22 and is positioned in the first movable cavity 05. The first movable chamber 05 and the second movable chamber 06 are communicated through a balance pipe 24. When the internal spline assembly 02 and the external spline assembly 03 slide with each other, so that the first movable cavity 05 and the second movable cavity 06 generate pressure change due to volume change, air in the first movable cavity 05 and the second movable cavity 06 can flow through the balance pipe 24, and accordingly the pressure in the first movable cavity 05 and the second movable cavity 06 is balanced. In this way, the seal ring 34 or the first cover 23 or the second cover 33 can be prevented from falling off, and the reduction gearbox or the rear axle of the vehicle can be prevented from being damaged due to the unchanged length of the transmission shaft.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, 5, 6, and 7, spline shaft 22 includes a shaft body 221, a first tooth 222, a second tooth 223, a first groove 224; the shaft body 221 is provided as a hollow tube; the first teeth 222 and the second teeth 223 are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body 221 at intervals, and the cross section of the second teeth 223 is larger than the cross section of the first teeth 222; the first groove 224 is provided between the two first teeth 222 or between the first teeth 222 and the second teeth 223; the spline housing 32 comprises a housing body 321, a third tooth 322, a second groove 323 and a third groove 324; the sleeve 321 is provided as a hollow tube, and the third teeth 322, the second groove 323 and the third groove 324 are provided on the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve 321; the cross-section of the third groove 324 is larger than the cross-section of the second groove 323; a second groove 323 or a third groove 324 is provided between two adjacent third teeth 322; the first tooth 222 is in mating abutment with the second slot 323, the second tooth 223 is in mating abutment with the third slot 324, and the third tooth 322 is in mating abutment with the first tooth 222.
In this embodiment, in order to reduce the weight of the drive shaft and to reduce the difficulty of the overall processing of the drive shaft, the drive shaft may be configured such that the spline shaft 22 and the spline housing 32 are connected by splines. As shown in fig. 4, 5, 6 and 7, the spline shaft 22 may include a shaft body 221, a first tooth 222, a second tooth 223, and a first groove 224. The shaft body 221 may be provided in a hollow tubular shape, which may reduce the weight of the transmission shaft. The first teeth 222 and the second teeth 223 are provided at intervals on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body 221 of the spline shaft 22. The cross-sectional area of the second teeth 223 may be set to be greater than the cross-sectional area of the first teeth 222. The first groove 224 is provided between the two first teeth 222 or between the first teeth 222 and the second teeth 223. This can increase the strength of the second teeth 223. As shown in fig. 8, 9 and 10, the spline housing 32 may include a housing body 321, a third tooth 322, a second groove 323, and a third groove 324. The sleeve 321 may be provided as a hollow tube, which may reduce the weight of the drive shaft. The third teeth 322, the second grooves 323, and the third grooves 324 may be provided on the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve 321. The cross-sectional area of the third groove 324 may be greater than the cross-sectional area of the second groove 323. A second groove 323 or a third groove 324 may be provided between adjacent two third teeth 322. The first tooth 222 may be in mating abutment with the second slot 323, the second tooth 223 may be in mating abutment with the third slot 324, and the third tooth 322 may be in mating abutment with the first tooth 222. In this way, the spline shaft 22 and the spline housing 32 can be matched, and the spline shaft 22 drives the spline housing 32 or the spline housing 32 drives the spline shaft 22 to rotate, so that the effect of transmitting torque is realized.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 7, the spline shaft 22 includes at least two second teeth 223; the second teeth 223 are uniformly spaced along the circumferential side of the spline shaft 22.
In the present embodiment, since the spline shaft 22 rotates at a high speed while the vehicle is running. If the mass distribution of the spline shaft 22 in the axial direction is uneven, the spline shaft 22 tends to shake during rotation, thereby affecting the running of the vehicle. The spline shaft 22 may be provided to include at least two second teeth 223. As shown in fig. 7, the second teeth 223 are uniformly spaced along the circumferential side of the spline shaft 22. This makes it possible to make the spline shaft 22 uniform in mass distribution in the axial direction and to avoid the occurrence of shake during rotation.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 7, the balance tube 24 passes through the shaft 221 in a region proximate to the second tooth 223.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the provision of the balance tube 24 reduces the strength of the first teeth 222 or the second teeth 223. Since the cross-sectional area of the second teeth 223 is larger than that of the first teeth 222, the strength thereof is stronger than that of the first teeth 222. The balance tube 24 may be disposed near the second teeth 223 and through the shaft 221. This prevents the strength of the spline shaft 22 from being lowered by the provision of the balance pipe 24.
It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the foregoing embodiments are specific examples of implementing the disclosure, and that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure.
Claims (9)
1. A hollow spline drive shaft, characterized in that the hollow spline drive shaft comprises:
the universal joint comprises a movable universal assembly, an internal spline assembly, an external spline assembly and a fixed universal assembly;
the internal spline assembly comprises a connecting shaft, a spline shaft and a first blanking cover; the connecting shaft and the spline shaft are arranged into a hollow pipe; one end of the connecting shaft is welded with one end of the movable universal assembly, and the other end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with one end of the spline shaft; the first blanking cover is in interference fit with an inner hole of one end, far away from the connecting shaft, of the spline shaft;
the external spline assembly comprises a connecting sleeve, a spline housing, a second blanking cover and a sealing ring; the connecting sleeve and the spline housing are arranged to be hollow pipes; one end of the connecting sleeve is welded with one end of the fixed universal assembly, and the other end of the connecting sleeve is welded with one end of the spline housing; the second blanking cover is in interference fit with an inner hole of one end, close to the connecting sleeve, of the spline housing; one end of the sealing ring is sleeved at one end, far away from the connecting sleeve, of the spline housing, and the sealing ring is in interference fit with the peripheral surface of the spline housing; the spline sleeve is sleeved in the spline sleeve and is in sliding connection with the spline sleeve; the other end of the sealing ring is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the connecting shaft, and the inner peripheral surface of the sealing ring is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the connecting shaft; the first blanking cover and the second blanking cover are arranged at intervals;
the first blocking cover comprises a first cover body and a first elastic membrane; the first cover body is arranged in a circular ring shape, and the first elastic membrane is arranged in a disc shape; the outer peripheral surface of the first cover body is in interference fit with an inner hole of one end, far away from the connecting shaft, of the spline shaft, and the inner peripheral surface side of the first cover body is fixedly connected with the outer peripheral side of the first elastic membrane; the first elastic membrane deforms towards the direction of the acting force when receiving the action of the lateral external force;
the thickness of the first elastic film gradually decreases from the outer peripheral side of the first elastic film in the radial direction toward the first elastic film center axis direction.
2. A hollow spline drive shaft as claimed in claim 1, wherein,
the first elastic membrane comprises a first connecting part, a first concave part and a first convex part; the first connecting part, the first concave part and the first convex part are arranged in concentric rings; one side of the first connecting part is fixedly connected with the inner peripheral surface side of the first cover body, and the other side of the first connecting part is fixedly connected with the outer peripheral side of the first concave part or the first convex part; the first convex part and the first concave part are fixedly connected at intervals in sequence; the first concave portion and the first convex portion are respectively protruded and extended toward both sides of the first elastic film.
3. A hollow spline drive shaft as claimed in claim 1, wherein,
the second blocking cover comprises a second cover body and a second elastic membrane; the second cover body is arranged in a circular ring shape, and the second elastic membrane is arranged in a disc shape; the outer peripheral surface of the second cover body is in interference fit with an inner hole of one end, close to the connecting sleeve, of the spline housing, and the inner peripheral surface side of the second cover body is fixedly connected with the outer peripheral side of the second elastic membrane; the second elastic film receives the action of lateral external force and changes towards the direction of the acting force.
4. A hollow spline drive shaft according to claim 3, wherein,
the thickness of the second elastic film gradually decreases from the outer peripheral side of the second elastic film in the radial direction toward the second elastic film center axis direction.
5. A hollow spline drive shaft as claimed in claim 4, wherein,
the second elastic membrane comprises a second connecting part, a second concave part and a second convex part; the second connecting part, the second concave part and the second convex part are arranged in concentric rings; one side of the second connecting part is fixedly connected with the inner peripheral surface side of the second cover body, and the other side of the second connecting part is fixedly connected with the outer peripheral side of the second concave part or the second convex part; the second convex part and the second concave part are fixedly connected at intervals in sequence; the second concave portion and the second convex portion are respectively protruded and extended toward both sides of the second elastic film.
6. A hollow spline drive shaft as claimed in claim 1, wherein,
the internal spline assembly further comprises a balance tube; the balance pipe passes through the spline shaft and part of the connecting shaft to be communicated with the first movable cavity and the second movable cavity; the first movable cavity is surrounded by the sealing ring, the spline housing, the connecting shaft and one end of the spline shaft; the second movable cavity is surrounded by the other end of the spline shaft, the spline housing, the first blocking cover and the second blocking cover.
7. A hollow spline drive shaft as claimed in claim 6, wherein,
the spline shaft comprises a shaft body, first teeth, second teeth and a first groove; the shaft body is arranged as a hollow tube; the first teeth and the second teeth are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body in a clearance mode, and the cross section of the second teeth is larger than the cross section of the first teeth; the first groove is arranged between two first teeth or between the first teeth and the second teeth; the spline housing comprises a housing body, a third tooth, a second groove and a third groove; the sleeve body is arranged into a hollow tube, and the third teeth, the second groove and the third groove are arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve body; the cross section of the third groove is larger than the cross section of the second groove; one second groove or one third groove is arranged between two adjacent third teeth; the first tooth is in mating abutment with the second slot, the second tooth is in mating abutment with the third slot, and the third tooth is in mating abutment with the first tooth.
8. A hollow spline drive shaft as claimed in claim 7, wherein,
the spline shaft comprises at least two second teeth; the second teeth are uniformly spaced along the peripheral side of the spline shaft.
9. A hollow spline drive shaft as claimed in claim 8, wherein,
the balance tube passes through the shaft body in a region near the second tooth.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311535888.4A CN117249176B (en) | 2023-11-17 | 2023-11-17 | Hollow spline transmission shaft |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311535888.4A CN117249176B (en) | 2023-11-17 | 2023-11-17 | Hollow spline transmission shaft |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN117249176A CN117249176A (en) | 2023-12-19 |
| CN117249176B true CN117249176B (en) | 2024-01-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311535888.4A Active CN117249176B (en) | 2023-11-17 | 2023-11-17 | Hollow spline transmission shaft |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN117249176B (en) |
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| CN218894892U (en) * | 2022-12-05 | 2023-04-21 | 陕西蓝通传动轴有限公司 | Lightweight transmission shaft |
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| WO2008123877A1 (en) * | 2007-04-04 | 2008-10-16 | Gkn Driveline North America, Inc. | Constant velocity joint grease cap with increased torsional compliance |
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| JPH07167155A (en) * | 1993-12-15 | 1995-07-04 | Suzuki Motor Corp | Joint construction for four-wheel drive vehicle |
| US6237920B1 (en) * | 1997-08-22 | 2001-05-29 | Gkn Lobro Gmbh | Sealing assembly |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN117249176A (en) | 2023-12-19 |
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