CN117245196B - Strain balance electron beam welding structure and welding method thereof - Google Patents
Strain balance electron beam welding structure and welding method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117245196B CN117245196B CN202311527293.4A CN202311527293A CN117245196B CN 117245196 B CN117245196 B CN 117245196B CN 202311527293 A CN202311527293 A CN 202311527293A CN 117245196 B CN117245196 B CN 117245196B
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 301
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009760 electrical discharge machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0006—Electron-beam welding or cutting specially adapted for particular articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0013—Positioning or observing workpieces, e.g. with respect to the impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing electronbeams
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0046—Welding
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Abstract
The invention discloses a strain balance electron beam welding structure and a welding method thereof, wherein the strain balance electron beam welding structure comprises a strain balance blank assembly, the strain balance blank assembly is composed of a front welding body and a rear welding body, the front welding body is abutted against the rear welding body, a bearing isolation groove is formed between the front welding body and the rear welding body, and the front welding body and the rear welding body are positioned on the same central axis; and the positioning and pressing mechanism is used for positioning and pressing the front welding body and the rear welding body and is detachably connected with the front welding body and the rear welding body. According to the invention, the balance blank assembly is divided into the asymmetric front welding body and the asymmetric rear welding body, and after the positioning and pressing mechanism is used for positioning and locking, the two welding seams are used for butt joint, so that the requirement of high-precision aerodynamic force measurement of the advanced aerodynamic layout of the continuous wind tunnel is met, and the device has the advantages of simplicity and convenience in assembly, welding quality improvement and safety improvement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind tunnel tests, in particular to a strain balance electron beam welding structure and a welding method thereof.
Background
The strain balance for wind tunnel test is generally manufactured by a series of processing technologies such as turning, wire cutting, spark erosion and grinding through a whole piece of high-strength high-elasticity steel, and a welding process is less used. The main reasons for not recommending the welding are that a temporary impact wind tunnel has a large impact, the safety problem of a bearing structure can be caused, and the design and implementation of the welding structure have certain difficulty. Along with the continuous emergence of large-scale continuous wind tunnels in China and the improvement of test requirements of advanced aircrafts, such as low-temperature environment, high lift-drag ratio load and the like, the test working conditions of the force balance manufactured by adopting single-block material design do not have large impact, the requirements of the wind tunnel test with advanced pneumatic layout are required to be adapted to the design of homogenizing stress distribution, such as the requirement of rounding sharp edges in grooves and lead leading holes in an axial force spring plate system to eliminate stress concentration, so that the integral bearing capacity of the balance is improved, and the maximum stress level of the balance is reduced. If the internal shape and the size of the balance body are optimized, the processing of the internal structure is difficult to finish by the conventional means, so that a balance design and manufacturing scheme for rod-type balance multi-component welding is provided.
At present, the rod balance welding manufacturing process disclosed at home and abroad generally adopts a vacuum electron beam welding technology, other materials except balance body materials are not added, and the welding structure design and the process method mainly have the following defects: firstly, the number of the main parts to be welded is more, generally not less than 4, the number of welding lines is not less than 4, the number of the matching surfaces of the welding parts is more, the structure of the assembly is complex, the manufacturing and the detection are inconvenient, and the welding reliability is not high. Secondly, the axial force element part is generally divided into two parts, all the parts are firstly processed and then welded, so that the welding rigidity is insufficient, the thermal deformation of the structure is large due to uneven heating, and the welding quality is difficult to ensure. Thirdly, the welding tool is imperfect in design, the welding internal stress is difficult to eliminate, and measurement errors caused by balance signal drift can be caused.
Therefore, in order to meet the requirement of high-precision aerodynamic force measurement of advanced aerodynamic layout of a continuous wind tunnel, a strain balance electron beam welding structure and a welding method thereof are provided for solving the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to address at least the above problems and/or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages described below.
To achieve these objects and other advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the invention, a strain balance electron beam welding structure is provided, comprising a strain balance embryo assembly;
the strain balance blank assembly consists of a front welding body and a rear welding body, the front welding body is propped against the rear welding body, a bearing isolation groove is formed between the front welding body and the rear welding body, and the front welding body and the rear welding body are positioned on the same central axis;
and the positioning and pressing mechanism is used for positioning and pressing the front welding body and the rear welding body and is detachably connected with the front welding body and the rear welding body.
Preferably, the mode that the front welding body and the rear welding body are abutted is as follows:
the front welding body integrated into one piece protrusion is provided with concave type platform, the upper surface of concave type platform forms concave type welding surface, the back welding body integrated into one piece protrusion is provided with protruding type platform, the upper surface of protruding type platform forms protruding type welding surface, concave type welding surface with protruding type welding surface supports and leans on, just concave type platform with form between the protruding type platform bear the weight of the isolation groove.
Preferably, the positioning and compressing mechanism includes:
the axial positioning and compressing assembly is axially communicated with the front welding body and the rear welding body;
the transverse positioning and pressing assembly is transversely arranged corresponding to the concave table and the convex table;
and the longitudinal positioning and pressing assembly is longitudinally arranged corresponding to the concave table and the convex table.
Preferably, wherein the axially positioned compression assembly comprises:
the mandrel penetrates through the middle position of the front welding body and the rear welding body;
a front centering nut in threaded connection with one end of the mandrel, and the front centering nut abuts against the front welding body;
and the rear centering nut is in threaded connection with the other end part of the mandrel, and the rear centering nut is abutted against the rear welding body.
Preferably, wherein the lateral positioning compression assembly comprises:
a plurality of positioning pins penetrating the concave stage and the convex stage;
a plurality of left fastening bolts penetrating through one side of the concave stage, the plurality of left fastening bolts being screwed with the convex stage;
and the right fastening bolts penetrate through the other side of the concave table, and are in threaded connection with the convex table.
Preferably, wherein the longitudinal positioning and compressing assembly comprises:
the two compression rings penetrate through two end parts of the connection part of the concave table and the convex table, each compression ring is connected with a compression bolt in a threaded mode, each compression ring is further provided with two openings, and the two openings are arranged corresponding to the connection part of the concave welding surface and the convex welding surface.
Preferably, the end part of the front welding body is provided with a smooth columnar front clamping surface, and the end part of the rear welding body is provided with a smooth columnar rear clamping surface.
Preferably, the front welding body is also provided with four front detection surfaces in an orthogonal symmetry manner, and the two front detection surfaces positioned at the upper and lower positions are parallel to the concave welding surface; four rear detection surfaces are also arranged on the rear welding body in an orthogonal symmetry mode, and the two rear detection surfaces positioned at the upper and lower positions are arranged in parallel with the convex welding surface.
A method of welding a strain balance electron beam welding structure, comprising the steps of:
s1, completing the overall design of a final product according to the design requirement of a balance, wherein the overall design comprises a complex structure inside the balance, and determining the diameter, the length and the overall structural feature size of the balance;
s2, splitting the whole design, and completing the design of an axial positioning compression assembly, a transverse positioning compression assembly and a longitudinal positioning compression assembly, wherein the split whole design reserves enough machining allowance to form a welding part diagram and an assembly diagram;
s3, manufacturing a front welding body, a rear welding body, an axial positioning compression assembly, a transverse positioning compression assembly and a longitudinal positioning compression assembly according to the requirements of a welding part diagram, and assembling according to an assembly diagram to obtain an assembly;
s4, installing the assembly body in vacuum electron beam welding equipment, and setting welding parameters to weld the front welding body and the rear welding body;
s5, disassembling the axial positioning compression assembly, the transverse positioning compression assembly and the longitudinal positioning compression assembly to obtain a strain balance blank, finishing external structure finish machining of the strain balance blank to obtain a strain balance, setting a welding seam area as a welding seam flaw detection area, carrying out nondestructive testing on the welding seam flaw detection area by adopting an X-ray transillumination method, and ensuring welding quality.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
1. the welding structure is simple in design, convenient to assemble and detect, and adopts the asymmetric front welding body and the asymmetric rear welding body to butt the two parts through two welding seams, and a plurality of detection planes are arranged so as to facilitate the inspection of the assembly quality and the welding deformation before and after welding.
2. The axial, transverse and longitudinal positioning, fastening and assembling are respectively arranged, so that the welding positioning accuracy is ensured, the welding thermal deformation is small, and the internal stress of a welding finished product is reduced.
3. The welding seam is straight and regular, easy to process and easy to ensure the welding quality.
4. The number of welding seams is reduced to two, the stress level of a welding area is low, and the safety is further improved.
5. The welding structure does not affect other structural designs and manufacturing processes of the balance, and the comprehensive stress level of the balance is effectively reduced.
6. The welding finished product has attractive appearance, and the welding process holes are convenient for leading out the bridge circuit after the strain is stuck in the later stage.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an assembled body structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the front solder body of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the post-welded body according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a welded assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the balance of the present invention after completion of the process.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention by referring to the description. It will be understood that terms, such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof. It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the term is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "configured to," "engaged with," "connected to," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "connected" may be a fixed connection, may be a detachable connection, or may be integrally connected, may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected, may be directly connected, may be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, may be communication between two members, and may be understood in a specific manner by those skilled in the art. Furthermore, in the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be a direct contact of the first and second features, or an indirect contact of the first and second features through an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
FIG. 1 illustrates one implementation of the present invention including a strain balance embryo body assembly;
the strain balance blank assembly consists of a front welding body 1 and a rear welding body 2, wherein the front welding body 1 is abutted against the rear welding body 2, a bearing isolation groove 15 is formed between the front welding body 1 and the rear welding body 2, and the front welding body 1 and the rear welding body 2 are positioned on the same central axis;
and the positioning and pressing mechanism is used for positioning and pressing the front welding body 1 and the rear welding body 2 and is detachably connected with the front welding body 1 and the rear welding body 2 (shown in figure 2).
Working principle: splitting a strain balance blank into a front welding body 1 and a rear welding body 2 when the strain balance is processed, and respectively finishing grooves and gaps for forming a bearing isolation groove 15 on the welding end surfaces of the front welding body 1 and the rear welding body 2; when the front welding body 1 and the rear welding body 2 are welded, the front welding body 1 and the rear welding body 2 are positioned and locked through a positioning and pressing mechanism, the thermal deformation of an assembly is reduced in the welding process, then two welding seams 6 are formed on the left side and the right side of the contact surface of the front welding body 1 and the rear welding body 2 through a vacuum electron beam welding technology, the two welding seams 6 are welded together, a bearing isolation groove 15 is formed through the matching of grooves and gaps on the front welding body 1 and the rear welding body 2 and is used for realizing the processing and force measuring functions of the external structure of the strain balance in the later period, the positioning and pressing mechanism is removed after the welding is finished, the strain balance blank is obtained, and no macroscopic welding trace is needed in the welding seam flaw detection area 7 after the whole processing of the balance is finally finished. In the technical scheme, the balance blank assembly is divided into the asymmetric front welding body 1 and the asymmetric rear welding body 2, and after the balance blank assembly is positioned and locked by the positioning and pressing mechanism, the balance blank assembly is butted by the two welding seams 6, so that the requirement of high-precision aerodynamic force measurement of advanced aerodynamic layout of a continuous wind tunnel is met, and the balance blank assembly has the advantages of being simple and convenient to assemble, improving welding quality and improving safety.
In the above scheme, the manner in which the front welding body 1 and the rear welding body 2 are abutted against each other is as follows:
the front welding body 1 is integrally formed and protrudes to be provided with a concave table 11, a concave welding surface 12 is formed on the upper surface of the concave table 11 (as shown in fig. 3), the rear welding body 2 is integrally formed and protrudes to be provided with a convex table 21, a convex welding surface 22 is formed on the upper surface of the convex table 21 (as shown in fig. 4), the concave welding surface 12 abuts against the convex welding surface 22, and a bearing isolation groove 15 is formed between the concave table 11 and the convex table 21 (as shown in fig. 5).
Working principle: splitting the strain balance blank into a front welding body 1 and a rear welding body 2, carrying out finish machining on the front welding body 1 to form a concave table 11, carrying out finish machining on the concave welding body to form a concave welding surface 12, carrying out finish machining on the rear welding body 2 to form a convex table 21, and carrying out finish machining on the convex welding surface 22; when the front welding body 1 and the rear welding body 2 are welded, the pressing mechanism is used for positioning and pressing, so that after the concave welding surface 12 is abutted against the convex welding surface 22, two welding seams 6 are formed on two sides of the abutted position through the vacuum electron beam welding technology (shown in fig. 5), the front welding body 1 and the rear welding body 2 are welded together, a gap between the middle concave table 11 and the convex table 21 of the abutted position is formed after welding, a bearing isolation groove 15 is formed after welding, and finally no welding trace visible to naked eyes is required in the welding seam flaw detection area 7 after all machining of the balance is finished (shown in fig. 6).
In the above scheme, the positioning and compressing mechanism comprises (as shown in fig. 1 and 2):
the axial positioning and compressing assembly 3 is axially arranged through the front welding body 1 and the rear welding body 2;
a transverse positioning and pressing assembly 4 which is transversely arranged corresponding to the concave table 11 and the convex table 21;
and the longitudinal positioning and pressing assembly 5 is longitudinally arranged corresponding to the concave table 11 and the convex table 21.
Working principle: the front welding body 1 and the rear welding body 2 are axially positioned and compressed through the axial positioning and compressing assembly 3, so that the front welding body 1 and the rear welding body 2 are positioned on the same central axis during assembly and welding; the front welding body 1 and the rear welding body 2 are transversely positioned and compressed through the transverse positioning and compressing assembly 4, and the transverse movable positions of the front welding body 1 and the rear welding body 2 are limited; the front welding body 1 and the rear welding body 2 are longitudinally positioned and compressed through the longitudinal positioning and compressing assembly 5, and the longitudinal movable positions of the front welding body 1 and the rear welding body 2 are limited; the axial positioning compression assembly 3, the transverse positioning compression assembly 4 and the longitudinal positioning compression assembly 5 are matched to perform positioning compression, so that the welding positioning accuracy is ensured, the welding thermal deformation is small, and the internal stress of a welding finished product is reduced.
In the above-mentioned scheme, the axial positioning compression assembly 3 comprises (as shown in fig. 1 and 2):
a mandrel 31 penetrating through the front and rear weld bodies 1, 2 at the middle position;
a front centering nut 32 screwed to one end of the mandrel 31, the front centering nut 32 abutting against the front welded body 1;
and a rear centering nut 33 screwed to the other end of the mandrel 31, wherein the rear centering nut 33 abuts against the rear welded body 2.
Working principle: the middle positions of the front welding body 1 and the rear welding body 2 are respectively penetrated and provided with a fixed core shaft hole, when the axial positioning compaction is carried out, the front welding body 1 and the rear welding body 2 are respectively penetrated on the core shaft 31 through the fixed core shaft holes, the front fixed core nut 32 is tightly screwed to be abutted against the front welding body 1, the rear fixed core nut 33 is tightly screwed to be abutted against the rear welding body 2, the front fixed core nut 32 and the rear fixed core nut 33 are debugged and screwed to be tightly screwed to enable the front welding body 1 and the rear welding body 2 to be abutted against, the front welding body 1 and the rear welding body 2 are positioned on the same central axis, the front welding body 1 and the rear welding body 2 are limited to axially displace, and finally, after all machining of a balance is finished, the fixed core shaft holes can be used for leading out bridge wires 8.
In the above-mentioned scheme, the transverse positioning and compressing assembly 4 comprises (as shown in fig. 1 and 2):
a plurality of positioning pins 41 penetrating the concave stage 11 and the convex stage 21;
a plurality of left fastening bolts 42 penetrating one side of the concave stage 11, the plurality of left fastening bolts 42 being screwed to the convex stage 21;
a plurality of right fastening bolts 43 penetrating through the other side of the concave stage 11, and the plurality of right fastening bolts 43 are screwed with the convex stage 21.
Working principle: after the front welding body 1 and the rear welding body 2 are axially positioned and pressed by the axial positioning pressing assembly 3, a plurality of pin holes correspondingly arranged on the concave table 11 and the convex table 21 are respectively penetrated through by a plurality of positioning pins 41, and the concave table 11 and the convex table 21 are clamped and positioned; then, after the left fastening bolts 42 and the right fastening bolts 43 penetrate through two sides of the concave table 11 respectively and then are in threaded connection with the convex table 21, the heads of the left fastening bolts 42 and the right fastening bolts 43 respectively abut against two sides of the concave table 11, so that the front welding body 1 and the rear welding body 2 are limited to transversely displace, and finally, after the balance is completely processed, the left fastening bolts 42 and the through holes of the left fastening bolts 42 on the concave table 11 are used for the through holes 9 of the axial force element measuring circuit.
In the above-mentioned scheme, the longitudinal positioning and compressing assembly 5 comprises (as shown in fig. 1 and 2):
two compression rings 51 are inserted through two ends of the connection portion between the concave table 11 and the convex table 21, each compression ring 51 is connected with a compression bolt 52 in a threaded manner, each compression ring 51 is further provided with two openings 53, and the two openings 53 are arranged corresponding to the connection portion between the concave welding surface 12 and the convex welding surface 22.
Working principle: after the front welding body 1 and the rear welding body 2 are axially positioned and pressed by the axial positioning pressing assembly 3, two pressing rings 51 are respectively penetrated at two end parts of the joint of the concave table 11 and the convex table 21, the two pressing rings 51 are rotationally adjusted, so that two openings 53 formed in the pressing rings 51 correspond to the joint of the concave welding surface 12 and the convex welding surface 22, the welding area of the concave welding surface 12 and the convex welding surface 22 is exposed, then the pressing bolts 52 on each pressing ring 51 are screwed down, the tail ends of the pressing rings 51 and the pressing bolts 52 are respectively abutted against the concave table 11 and the convex table 21, and the longitudinal displacement of the concave table 11 and the convex table 21 is limited by the press fit of the pressing rings 51 and the pressing bolts 52.
In the above-mentioned scheme, the end of the front welding body 1 is provided with a smooth columnar front clamping surface 13, and the end of the rear welding body 2 is provided with a smooth columnar rear clamping surface 23. After the front welding body 1 and the rear welding body 2 are assembled, the assembly body of the front welding body 1 and the rear welding body 2 is conveniently arranged on a vacuum electron beam welding device for welding through the front clamping surface 13 and the rear clamping surface 23.
In the above-mentioned scheme, four front detection surfaces 14 are also orthogonally symmetrically disposed on the front welding body 1, and two front detection surfaces 14 located at upper and lower positions are disposed in parallel with the concave welding surface 12; four rear detection surfaces 24 are also arranged on the rear welding body 2 in an orthogonal symmetry manner, and two rear detection surfaces 24 positioned at upper and lower positions are arranged in parallel with the convex welding surface 22.
Working principle: since the two front detection surfaces 14 located at the upper and lower positions are parallel to the concave welding surface 12, and the two rear detection surfaces 24 located at the upper and lower positions are parallel to the convex welding surface 22, the plurality of front detection surfaces 14 and the plurality of rear detection surfaces 24 should be parallel to each other after the assembly and the welding are completed, so that after the front welding body 1 is assembled with the rear welding body 2, the assembly accuracy is detected by detecting the parallel condition of the plurality of front detection surfaces 14 and the plurality of rear detection surfaces 24 and then welding.
Example 1:
a method of welding a strain balance electron beam welding structure, comprising the steps of:
s1, completing the overall design of a final product according to the design requirement of a balance, wherein the overall design comprises a complex structure inside the balance, and determining the diameter, the length and the overall structural feature size of the balance;
s2, splitting the whole design, and completing the design of the axial positioning compression assembly 3, the transverse positioning compression assembly 4 and the longitudinal positioning compression assembly 5, wherein the split whole design reserves enough machining allowance to form a welding part diagram and an assembly diagram;
the principle of splitting the overall design includes:
s21, the sensitivity of the balance cannot be changed, and the performance of the balance cannot be influenced;
s22, the steel pipe cannot be split in dangerous or possibly stress concentrated areas;
s23, considering the overall strength of the welded balance so as to ensure the safety of the balance.
The overall design of the balance structure is 47mm in diameter and 368mm in total length, and after enough machining allowance is reserved in consideration of the collapse of the welding line 6, the diameter of the balance is phi 52mm and the total length is 368mm.
The weld seam 6 should be provided with a lead-in area and a weld-out area, which are about 20mm to 30mm long, the length of which should be taken into account at both ends of the weld seam 6.
S3, manufacturing the front welding body 1, the rear welding body 2, the axial positioning compression assembly 3, the transverse positioning compression assembly 4 and the longitudinal positioning compression assembly 5 according to the requirements of a welding part diagram, and assembling according to an assembly diagram to obtain an assembly;
s4, installing the assembly body in vacuum electron beam welding equipment, and setting welding parameters to weld the front welding body 1 and the rear welding body 2;
maximum accelerating voltage 150KV, maximum accelerating current 100mA and vacuum degree in welding of vacuum electron beam welding equipment: pa.
For safety, before the assembly body is welded, a simulation piece with the same length and the same welding depth is adopted for trial welding, the welding working condition is mainly simulated, and various welding parameters of the depth required by the welding line 6 are mastered and controlled.
In the process of processing each welded part of the balance, the aging quality is influenced by considering the change of the material elements after the balance is welded, and the secondary solid melting treatment is adopted in the process to ensure the uniformity of the material elements and ensure the hardness of the aged elements.
S5, disassembling the axial positioning compression assembly 3, the transverse positioning compression assembly 4 and the longitudinal positioning compression assembly 5 to obtain a strain balance blank, finishing the subsequent external structure finish machining of the strain balance blank to obtain a strain balance, setting a welding seam 6 area as a welding seam flaw detection area 7, carrying out nondestructive testing on the welding seam flaw detection area 7 by adopting an X-ray transillumination method, and ensuring welding quality.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the details and embodiments shown and described, it is well suited to various fields of use for which the invention would be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and accordingly, the invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein, without departing from the general concepts defined in the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a strain balance electron beam welding structure, includes strain balance embryo body subassembly, its characterized in that:
the strain balance blank assembly consists of a front welding body and a rear welding body, the front welding body is propped against the rear welding body, a bearing isolation groove is formed between the front welding body and the rear welding body, and the front welding body and the rear welding body are positioned on the same central axis;
the positioning and pressing mechanism is used for positioning and pressing the front welding body and the rear welding body and is detachably connected with the front welding body and the rear welding body;
the mode that the front welding body and the rear welding body are propped against each other is as follows:
the front welding body is integrally formed and protruded with a concave table, the upper surface of the concave table is provided with a concave welding surface, the rear welding body is integrally formed and protruded with a convex table, the upper surface of the convex table is provided with a convex welding surface, the concave welding surface is abutted against the convex welding surface, and the bearing isolation groove is formed between the concave table and the convex table;
the positioning and compressing mechanism comprises:
the axial positioning and compressing assembly is axially communicated with the front welding body and the rear welding body;
the transverse positioning and pressing assembly is transversely arranged corresponding to the concave table and the convex table;
the longitudinal positioning and pressing assembly is longitudinally arranged corresponding to the concave table and the convex table;
the axially positioned compression assembly includes:
the mandrel penetrates through the middle position of the front welding body and the rear welding body;
a front centering nut in threaded connection with one end of the mandrel, and the front centering nut abuts against the front welding body;
the rear centering nut is in threaded connection with the other end part of the mandrel, and the rear centering nut is abutted against the rear welding body;
the lateral positioning compression assembly includes:
a plurality of positioning pins penetrating the concave stage and the convex stage;
a plurality of left fastening bolts penetrating through one side of the concave stage, the plurality of left fastening bolts being screwed with the convex stage;
a plurality of right fastening bolts penetrating through the other side of the concave table, and being screwed with the convex table;
the longitudinal positioning and compacting assembly comprises:
the two compression rings penetrate through two end parts of the connection part of the concave table and the convex table, each compression ring is in threaded connection with a compression bolt, each compression ring is also provided with two openings, and the two openings are arranged corresponding to the connection part of the concave welding surface and the convex welding surface;
the end part of the front welding body is provided with a smooth columnar front clamping surface, and the end part of the rear welding body is provided with a smooth columnar rear clamping surface;
four front detection surfaces are also orthogonally and symmetrically arranged on the front welding body, and two front detection surfaces positioned at upper and lower positions are arranged in parallel with the concave welding surface; four rear detection surfaces are also arranged on the rear welding body in an orthogonal symmetry mode, and the two rear detection surfaces positioned at the upper and lower positions are arranged in parallel with the convex welding surface.
2. A method of welding a strain balance electron beam welding structure according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, completing the overall design of a final product according to the design requirement of a balance, wherein the overall design comprises a complex structure inside the balance, and determining the diameter, the length and the overall structural feature size of the balance;
s2, splitting the whole design, and completing the design of an axial positioning compression assembly, a transverse positioning compression assembly and a longitudinal positioning compression assembly, wherein the split whole design reserves enough machining allowance to form a welding part diagram and an assembly diagram;
s3, manufacturing a front welding body, a rear welding body, an axial positioning compression assembly, a transverse positioning compression assembly and a longitudinal positioning compression assembly according to the requirements of a welding part diagram, and assembling according to an assembly diagram to obtain an assembly;
s4, installing the assembly body in vacuum electron beam welding equipment, and setting welding parameters to weld the front welding body and the rear welding body;
s5, disassembling the axial positioning compression assembly, the transverse positioning compression assembly and the longitudinal positioning compression assembly to obtain a strain balance blank, finishing external structure finish machining of the strain balance blank to obtain a strain balance, setting a welding seam area as a welding seam flaw detection area, carrying out nondestructive testing on the welding seam flaw detection area by adopting an X-ray transillumination method, and ensuring welding quality.
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