CN117245188B - Special plasma welding equipment for large-diameter boiler shell - Google Patents
Special plasma welding equipment for large-diameter boiler shell Download PDFInfo
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- CN117245188B CN117245188B CN202311535971.1A CN202311535971A CN117245188B CN 117245188 B CN117245188 B CN 117245188B CN 202311535971 A CN202311535971 A CN 202311535971A CN 117245188 B CN117245188 B CN 117245188B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K10/00—Welding or cutting by means of a plasma
- B23K10/02—Plasma welding
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of special welding equipment, in particular to special plasma welding equipment for large-diameter boiler shells, which comprises a carrier roller support frame fixed on the ground, wherein a shell cylinder body is arranged above the carrier roller support frame, a right end supporting unit and a left end supporting unit are respectively arranged at two sides of the carrier roller support frame, an axial position control mechanism is arranged between the right end supporting unit and the left end supporting unit, a horizontal displacement driving piece for driving the axial position control mechanism to work is arranged at the right side of the right end supporting unit, and a multi-position plasma welding unit is arranged on the axial position control mechanism. When the device is in operation, a field assembly mode is adopted to realize the rapid automatic welding of the boiler shell cylinder body and the heat exchange tubes of the large-diameter boiler, the boiler shell cylinder body and the heat exchange tubes are kept to stand and positioned, and the axial position control mechanism is controlled to cooperate with the operation of the multi-position plasma welding unit to realize the plasma welding treatment of the boiler shell cylinder body and the heat exchange tubes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of special welding equipment, in particular to special plasma welding equipment for a large-diameter boiler shell.
Background
The shell type boiler is also called a fire tube boiler, the shell structure (also called a drum or a steam drum) of the shell type boiler is taken as a main structural member of the boiler, and the quality of the shell type boiler directly determines the stability and the operation effect of the later operation of the whole boiler equipment.
In the traditional process, the pot shell is a cylindrical container formed by welding steel plates and consists of a cylinder body and an end socket; the length of the shell cylinder of the industrial boiler is 2-7m, the diameter of the cylinder is 0.8-1.6m, and the wall thickness is 12-16mm; the heat exchange tubes with the caliber of 40mm-60mm are required to be welded on the outer side wall of the pot shell cylinder, the welding quality is generally required to be controlled to ensure the tightness of the connecting part, the pot shell cylinder and the heat exchange tubes are fixed through high-quality welding, and the pot shell structure is a large-diameter welding part and has multiple points to be welded, so that the welding working hour is relatively long.
At present, when the large-diameter boiler shell is welded, the welding is generally completed by adopting a mode of combining manual welding with mechanical positioning. For example, a welding device for welding a boiler drum is disclosed in patent document CN219805578U, and analysis shows that the main structure of the welding device comprises a crawling frame, a positioning device and a welding device; the travelling crane comprises a support frame, a rail and a climbing crane; the support frame sets up in the drum, the track setting is on the support frame, and the crawler is slided and is set up on the track, and the direction of movement of crawler is on a parallel with the axis of drum, is provided with first motor on the crawler, and positioner transmission connection first motor's output, positioner follow the circumference direction rotation of drum, positioner have can insert in the heat exchange tube on the drum location axle, welding set include welder, welder have around location axle circumference removal's movable track.
In summary, the above welding device has the following problems when performing welding: firstly, when the prior art is used for welding each heat exchange tube, a track needs to be fixed at the top of the inner side of the cylinder body, so that the cylinder body structure is damaged to a certain extent; thirdly, the annular welding treatment of a plurality of heat exchange tube parts is finished by means of a single-head welding gun, so that the whole welding efficiency is low, and the welding reference points are required to be shifted and repositioned repeatedly, so that the welding accuracy is relatively poor.
Therefore, the invention optimizes and improves the problems in the welding process of the pot shell structure in the prior art, and therefore provides a combined quick-disassembly and quick-assembly type plasma welding structure which can realize the quick welding of each heat exchange tube and the cylinder body of the pot shell structure in a fixed state and better solve the problems in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve one of the technical problems, and adopts the following technical scheme: the special plasma welding equipment for the large-diameter boiler shell comprises a carrier roller support frame fixed on the ground, wherein a shell cylinder body is arranged above the carrier roller support frame, the shell cylinder body is horizontally arranged at the top of the carrier roller support frame after being welded and formed by steel plates, the carrier roller support frame supports the bottoms of the two ends of the shell cylinder body, corresponding heat exchange pipes to be welded and installed are screwed in mounting holes in the surface of the shell cylinder body respectively, the heat exchange pipes are all arranged along the radial direction of the shell cylinder body, a right end supporting unit and a left end supporting unit are respectively installed on two sides of the carrier roller support frame, an axial position control mechanism is arranged between the right end supporting unit and the left end supporting unit, the left end of the axial position control mechanism is quickly detached and installed on the left end supporting unit, the right end of the right end supporting unit is provided with a horizontal displacement driving piece for driving the axial position control mechanism to work, the axial position control mechanism is installed on the right side of the right end supporting unit, and the axial position control mechanism is provided with a plurality of plasma welding units which axially move along the axial position control mechanism.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the right end bearing unit includes a right supporting seat vertically arranged, right synchronous lifting cylinders are respectively mounted at the bottom of the right supporting seat along the front-rear direction of the right supporting seat, right universal wheel sets with brake members are respectively and fixedly mounted at the bottoms of the right synchronous lifting cylinders, and the right supporting seat is used for realizing movable support of the right end of the axial position control mechanism.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the left end supporting unit includes a vertically arranged left supporting seat, the bottom of the left supporting seat is provided with left synchronous lifting cylinders along the front-rear direction thereof, the bottom of each left synchronous lifting cylinder is fixedly provided with a left universal wheel set with a brake piece, and the left supporting seat is used for realizing movable support of the left end of the axial position control mechanism.
In any of the above aspects, it is preferable that each of the right side synchronous lifting cylinders and each of the left side synchronous lifting cylinders be in a synchronous lifting state in an operating state.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the axial position control mechanism includes a long-distance rigid horizontal screw rod that is horizontally arranged, stepped shaft sections at two ends of the long-distance rigid horizontal screw rod respectively movably pass through a rotating hole on the left support seat and a rotating hole on the right support seat at corresponding positions, rigid guide thin shafts are respectively and symmetrically arranged at front and rear sides of the long-distance rigid horizontal screw rod at intervals, two ends of the rigid guide thin shafts are respectively and detachably fixedly arranged on the left support seat and the right support seat at corresponding positions, the multi-position plasma welding unit is respectively in screwed fit with external thread sections of the long-distance rigid horizontal screw rod and in movable sleeve fit with the two rigid guide thin shafts, and the stepped shaft sections at the right end of the long-distance rigid horizontal screw rod movably pass through the rotating holes on the right support seat and are connected with the power output end of the horizontal displacement driving member.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the multi-position plasma welding unit includes a hollow screw tube screwed on an outer side wall of an external thread section of the long-distance rigid horizontal screw, guide through holes for movably sleeving on the outer side wall of the rigid guide thin shaft are symmetrically arranged on the front side and the rear side of the hollow screw tube respectively, when the long-distance rigid horizontal screw rotates, the hollow screw tube is driven to axially translate, a circumferential positioning component is sleeved on the outer side wall of the hollow screw tube, a power input end of the circumferential positioning component is movably sleeved on the outer side wall of the right end of the hollow screw tube, a plurality of regulation type girth welding mechanisms are arranged on the outer side wall of the circumferential positioning component at intervals along the circumference of the power input end, each regulation type girth welding mechanism is used for realizing girth welding positioning of the heat exchange tube in a pre-fixed state at the current position, a circumferential driving mechanism is connected on the right side of the circumferential positioning component, and the upper end of the circumferential driving mechanism is fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the hollow screw tube.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the circumferential driving mechanism includes a circumferential position control motor frame fixedly mounted on an outer sidewall of a right end of the hollow coil, a circumferential driving motor is fixedly mounted on the circumferential position control motor frame, a driving rotary belt wheel is fixedly mounted on a motor shaft of the circumferential driving motor, and a driven rotary belt wheel connected with the driving rotary belt wheel in a matched manner through a toothed belt is coaxially fixed on an outer sidewall of the circumferential position adjusting assembly.
The circumferential positioning assembly comprises a rotary outer tube movably sleeved on the outer side wall of the hollow spiral tube, the outer side wall of the rotary outer tube is fixedly provided with a driven rotary belt wheel, the left end of the rotary outer tube is provided with a circumferential sleeve shell which rotates along with the rotary outer tube, the circumferential sleeve shell is coaxially sleeved on the outer side wall of the hollow spiral tube, and a plurality of regulation and control type girth welding mechanisms are arranged on the outer side wall of the circumferential sleeve shell along the circumferential interval of the circumferential sleeve shell.
In any of the above embodiments, it is preferable that the circumferential sleeve shell is fixedly disposed with a left end surface of the rotating outer tube.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the left end of the rotating outer tube movably extends into the inner cavity of the circumferential sleeve shell, a central bevel gear is integrally formed at the left end of the rotating outer tube, four driven reduction bevel gears are respectively meshed in the circumferential direction of the central bevel gear, the gear shafts of the driven reduction bevel gears movably penetrate out to the outer side wall of the circumferential sleeve shell and are limited by limiting nuts, and when the central bevel gear rotates under the driving action of the driven rotating belt wheel, the four driven reduction bevel gears can be driven to rotate, and meanwhile, the circumferential sleeve shell is driven to perform circumferential movement.
The central bevel gear is used as a driving transmission part, and simultaneously drives the four driven reduction bevel gears to operate, so that effective speed reduction and reduction control of the circumferential sleeve shell can be realized, and the position control stability during circumferential control is facilitated.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the adjustable girth welding mechanism includes a radial rigid pipe fixedly mounted on an outer side wall of a circumferential sleeve shell of the circumferential positioning assembly, a telescopic cylinder is fixedly mounted inside the radial rigid pipe, two piston rods extending in the same direction are arranged at output ends of the telescopic cylinder, end parts of the piston rods are fixedly mounted on an inner end face of an annular welding control member, a micro plasma welding gun is fixedly mounted at output ends of the annular welding control member, a micro welding machine is fixedly mounted on an outer side wall of the radial rigid pipe, the micro welding machine is in signal connection with the micro plasma welding gun through a pipeline, and the micro plasma welding gun is used for realizing a heat exchange pipe close to a current position and completing at least one circle of annular welding on the heat exchange pipe under the cooperation of the telescopic cylinder and the annular welding control member.
In any of the above solutions, preferably, the annular welding control member includes a servo motor fixedly mounted at two ends of a piston rod of the telescopic cylinder, a large inner ring plate is fixedly mounted on an outer end motor housing of the servo motor, a fixed gear ring is fixedly mounted at an outer side of the large inner ring plate, an outer ring channel is fixedly mounted at an outer end face of the fixed gear ring and is fixedly mounted with the large outer ring plate, the large outer ring plate is fixed on an outer side wall of the servo motor through a connecting frame, a small inner ring plate coaxial with the large inner ring plate is disposed in an inner cavity of the large inner ring plate, the small inner ring plate is fixed on an end face of a motor housing of the servo motor, a motor shaft of the servo motor movably penetrates through a central hole of the small inner ring plate and extends into the fixed gear ring, a small outer ring plate is fixedly mounted at an outer end of a motor shaft of the servo motor, an outer ring plate is coaxially disposed with the large outer ring plate and forms an outer ring channel therebetween, the small inner ring plate and the large inner ring plate is coaxially disposed with the large inner ring plate and forms an inner ring channel therebetween, the small inner ring channel and the inner ring channel is coaxially disposed with the inner ring channel is fixedly mounted with the inner ring channel and the outer ring channel is fixedly mounted with the inner ring channel of the inner ring channel and the inner ring channel of the inner ring channel is meshed with the inner ring channel of the inner ring carrier.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the horizontal displacement driving member includes a driving belt component mounted on an outer side wall of the stepped shaft section at the right end of the long-distance rigid horizontal screw rod through a quick-release coupling, a power input end of the driving belt component is connected with a motor shaft of a horizontal driving motor, a motor housing of the horizontal driving motor is fixed on a right motor frame, and the right motor frame is fixed on a right side wall of the right supporting seat.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the plasma cutting welding equipment can realize the rapid automatic welding of the shell cylinder body and the heat exchange tubes of the large-diameter boiler by adopting a field assembly mode when in operation, keep the shell cylinder body and the heat exchange tubes to stand and locate in the welding process, and control the axial position control mechanism to realize the rapid plasma welding treatment of the shell cylinder body and the heat exchange tubes by matching with the operation of the multi-position plasma welding unit.
2. When the plasma cutting welding equipment works, each micro plasma welding gun in the multi-position plasma welding unit synchronously completes annular welding on the heat exchange tubes at the respective positions, and can complete welding positioning of a plurality of heat exchange tubes in the process of sequential positioning welding, so that the overall welding efficiency is relatively high.
3. Each regulation and control type girth welding mechanism can control the telescopic state of the miniature plasma welding gun at the front end according to the needs during operation, so that the miniature plasma welding gun can be controlled to be close to or far away from the current heat exchange tube according to the needs, the interference of the front-back movement during welding is avoided, and the fluency of movement is ensured.
4. The whole axial position control mechanism is horizontally supported by the right end supporting units and the left end supporting units at the left end and the right end before working, and meanwhile, the multi-position plasma welding unit can drive the horizontal displacement of the axial position control mechanism matched with the multi-position plasma welding unit by controlling the operation of the multi-position plasma welding unit during working, so that the heat exchange tube at the position of the axial upper part of the shell cylinder body is welded and fixed.
5. The multi-position plasma welding unit can rotate along the circumferential direction by means of the operation of the multi-position plasma welding unit, each micro plasma welding gun on the whole multi-position plasma welding unit can be controlled to rotate successively and complete circular motion when rotating along the circumferential direction, and each time the current heat exchange tube is welded, the current heat exchange tube can be rotated by a proper angle to the next heat exchange tube station to be welded.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. Like elements or features are generally identified by like reference numerals throughout the drawings. In the drawings, the elements or components are not necessarily drawn to scale.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a special plasma welding device for a large-diameter boiler shell.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the internal partial structure of the plasma welding device special for the large-diameter boiler shell of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing a partial side structure of a plasma welding apparatus dedicated for a large diameter boiler shell according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the circumferential positioning assembly of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic sectional view of the hollow coil of the present invention in an installed state.
Fig. 6 is a partial schematic structural view of a multi-bit plasma welding unit according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the assembled structure of the shell cylinder and heat exchange tubes of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing a partial side structure of a plasma welding apparatus dedicated to a large diameter boiler shell according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a circumferential positioning assembly of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the installation structure of each of the regulated girth welding mechanisms of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a partial cross-sectional structure of a single regulated girth welding mechanism in accordance with the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a carrier roller support frame; 2. a shell cylinder; 201. a heat exchange tube; 3. an axial position control mechanism; 301. long-distance rigid horizontal screw rod; 302. a stepped shaft section; 303. a rigid guide thin shaft; 4. a multi-bit plasma welding unit; 401. a hollow coil; 402. a guide through hole; 5. a right support base; 6. a right synchronous lifting cylinder; 7. a right universal wheel set; 8. a left support seat; 9. a left synchronous lifting cylinder; 10. a left universal wheel set; 11. a circumferential position control motor frame; 12. a circumferential drive motor; 13. driving a rotary belt wheel; 14. toothed belts; 15. a driven rotary pulley; 16. rotating the outer tube; 17. a circumferential sleeve housing; 18. a radially rigid tube; 19. a telescopic cylinder; 20. a miniature plasma welding gun; 21. a miniature welding machine; 22. a servo motor; 23. a large inner annular disc; 24. fixing the gear ring; 25. a large outer annular disc; 26. a connecting frame; 27. a small inner ring disk; 28. a small outer annular disc; 29. an outer annular channel; 30. an inner annular channel; 31. a sun gear; 32. a planet encircling gear; 33. a planetary gear shaft; 34. an annular seam location; 35. a drive belt member; 36. a horizontal driving motor; 37. a right motor frame; 38. a center bevel gear; 39. driven reduction bevel gears; 40. a limit nut; 41. an annular welding control.
Wherein arrows in fig. 2 and 6 indicate a displacement direction of the multi-bit plasma welding unit in a horizontal circumferential direction; the arrows in fig. 3 and 8 indicate the extension direction of the telescopic cylinder.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the technical scheme of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention, and thus are merely examples, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The specific structure of the invention is shown in fig. 1-11.
Example 1: the special plasma welding equipment for the large-diameter boiler shell comprises a carrier roller support frame 1 fixed on the ground, wherein a shell cylinder body 2 is arranged above the carrier roller support frame 1, the shell cylinder body 2 is horizontally arranged at the top of the carrier roller support frame 1 after being welded and formed by a steel plate, the carrier roller support frame 1 supports the bottoms of the two ends of the shell cylinder body 2, corresponding heat exchange tubes 201 to be welded and installed are respectively screwed in mounting holes in the surface of the shell cylinder body 2, each heat exchange tube 201 is arranged along the radial direction of the shell cylinder body 2, a right end supporting unit and a left end supporting unit are respectively installed on two sides of the carrier roller support frame 1, an axial position control mechanism 3 is arranged between the right end supporting unit and the left end supporting unit, the left end of the axial position control mechanism 3 is quickly detached and installed on the left end supporting unit, the right end supporting unit is installed on the right side of the right end supporting unit, a horizontal displacement member used for driving the axial position control mechanism 3 to work is installed on the right side of the corresponding heat exchange tubes 201, and the axial position control mechanism 4 is installed on the right end supporting unit, and the plasma welding mechanism 4 is axially driven by the plasma welding mechanism 4, and the plasma welding device 2 is axially and the multiple positions of the plasma welding mechanism 2 is realized. Before working, the special plasma welding equipment for the large-diameter boiler shell firstly carries out spiral screwing pre-fixing on the primarily welded and formed boiler shell cylinder body 2 at an upstream station, then hoists and transfers the whole boiler shell to the top of a carrier roller supporting unit through hoisting equipment or an electric hoist in a workshop, supports the bottoms of two ends of the whole boiler shell structure by means of each carrier roller at the top, and realizes horizontal positioning of the boiler shell after the support is completed.
After the positioning of the shell component is completed, the corresponding heights of the right end supporting unit and the left end supporting unit are adjusted according to the height of the central axis of the current shell, then the right end supporting unit and the left end supporting unit are placed at the left side and the right side of the shell cylinder 2, and coaxial lines are kept through adjustment, then the axial position control mechanism 3 assembled with the multi-position plasma welding unit 4 horizontally stretches into the shell cylinder 2 by using a manual carrying or transferring manipulator, then two ends of the axial position control mechanism 3 are movably installed in the corresponding right end supporting unit and left end supporting unit respectively in sequence, the synchronous lifting of the right end supporting unit and the left end supporting unit is controlled by remote control, the current axial position control mechanism 3 is controlled to be coaxial with the central axis of the current cylinder, at this moment, the universal wheel sets at the bottom of the right end supporting unit and the left end supporting unit are locked and positioned, the driving of the axial position control mechanism 3 at the left side is realized by controlling the operation of a horizontal displacement driving piece at this moment, and the heat exchange tube 201 of the most left side end of the multi-position plasma welding unit 4 is driven to reach the position of a circle of heat exchange tube of the multi-position plasma welding unit 4, and the heat exchange tube is adjusted to the heat exchange tube 201 through the infrared sensing element of the infrared sensing device and the preset heat exchange tube is adjusted to the heat exchange tube of the heat exchange tube.
The starting equipment controls the current axial position control mechanism 3 to drive each regulating type girth welding mechanism arranged on the current axial position control mechanism to be centered with the heat exchange tube 201 at the corresponding position, then controls each regulating type girth welding mechanism to be radially close to the corresponding heat exchange tube 201, after the position is sensed by a sensor after the current axial position control mechanism reaches the required position, the micro welding machine 21 on the regulating type girth welding mechanism is controlled by the existing control box system which is externally configured to start, so that the current micro plasma welding gun 20 is controlled to work, the micro plasma welding gun 20 can passively rotate while rotating, annular welding between the inner end of the heat exchange tube 201 and the connecting seam of the pot shell barrel 2 is finished, and the annular rotating speed of the micro plasma welding gun 20 is controlled to control the uniformity of plasma welding, so that the welding effect is improved; in addition, the defect location of the weld can be further refined by controlling the reversal of the micro plasma gun 20.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the right end bearing unit includes a right supporting seat 5 vertically disposed, a right synchronous lifting cylinder 6 is respectively installed at the bottom of the right supporting seat 5 along the front-rear direction thereof, a right universal wheel set 7 with a brake member is respectively and fixedly installed at the bottom of each right synchronous lifting cylinder 6, and the right supporting seat 5 is used for realizing movable support on the right end of the axial position control mechanism 3.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the left end bearing unit includes a left support seat 8 vertically disposed, a left synchronous lifting cylinder 9 is respectively mounted at the bottom of the left support seat 8 along the front-rear direction thereof, a left universal wheel set 10 with a brake member is respectively and fixedly mounted at the bottom of each left synchronous lifting cylinder 9, and the left support seat 8 is used for realizing movable support on the left end of the axial position control mechanism 3.
The right end supporting unit and the left end supporting unit are matched to realize fixed-axis positioning of the two ends of the axial position control mechanism 3, so that effective stable support is realized when the axial position control mechanism 3 runs, and the firmness of the whole structure can be effectively ensured by virtue of each left universal wheel set 10 and each right universal wheel set 7 at the bottom after positioning and adjustment are finished.
In any of the above embodiments, it is preferable that each of the right side synchronous lifting cylinders 6 and each of the left side synchronous lifting cylinders 9 be in a synchronous lifting state in an operating state.
In any of the above schemes, it is preferable that the axial position control mechanism 3 includes a long-distance rigid horizontal screw 301 that is horizontally disposed, stepped shaft sections 302 at two ends of the long-distance rigid horizontal screw 301 respectively movably pass through a rotation hole on the left support seat 8 and a rotation hole on the right support seat 5 at corresponding positions, rigid guiding thin shafts 303 are respectively disposed at intervals and symmetrically on front and rear sides of the long-distance rigid horizontal screw 301, two ends of the rigid guiding thin shafts 303 are respectively detachably and fixedly mounted on the left support seat 8 and the right support seat 5 at corresponding positions, and the multi-position plasma welding unit 4 is respectively in screwed fit with external thread sections of the long-distance rigid horizontal screw 301 and movably sleeved with the two rigid guiding thin shafts 303, and stepped shaft sections 302 at the right end of the long-distance rigid horizontal screw 301 movably pass through the rotation holes on the right support seat 5 and are connected with a power output end of the horizontal displacement driving member.
The axial position control mechanism 3 can effectively play an important role in supporting and driving the multi-position plasma welding unit 4 as an important horizontal displacement structure, when a horizontal displacement driving piece is started, power is transmitted to the long-distance rigid horizontal screw 301 of the axial position control mechanism 3, at the moment, the hollow screw 401 on the multi-position plasma welding unit 4 in threaded fit with the long-distance rigid horizontal screw 301 can be driven to realize linear motion by fixed-axis rotation of the long-distance rigid horizontal screw 301, and when the hollow screw 401 performs linear motion, the guiding effect can be realized by virtue of the rigid guide thin shafts 303 on two sides, and the structure of the hollow screw 401 converts rotary motion into linear motion and ensures the precision in horizontal displacement by virtue of the structures of the screw and the sliding blocks (hollow screw 401).
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the multi-position plasma welding unit 4 includes a hollow coil 401 screwed on the outer sidewall of the external thread section of the long-distance rigid horizontal screw 301, guide through holes 402 for movably sleeving on the outer sidewall of the rigid guide thin shaft 303 are symmetrically disposed on the front and rear sides of the hollow coil 401, when the long-distance rigid horizontal screw 301 rotates, the hollow coil 401 is driven to translate axially, a circumferential positioning component is sleeved on the outer sidewall of the hollow coil 401, a power input end of the circumferential positioning component is movably sleeved on the right outer sidewall of the hollow coil 401, a plurality of regulation type ring welding mechanisms are disposed on the outer sidewall of the circumferential positioning component along the circumference thereof at intervals, each regulation type ring welding mechanism is used for realizing ring welding positioning of the heat exchange tube 201 in a pre-fixed state at the current position, a circumferential driving mechanism is connected on the right side of the circumferential positioning component, and the upper end of the circumferential driving mechanism is fixedly mounted on the outer sidewall of the hollow coil 401.
The hollow coil 401 in the multi-bit plasma welding unit 4 has the following function: firstly, the multi-position plasma welding device is used as a sliding block piece, and the whole multi-position plasma welding unit 4 is driven by the sliding block piece to realize horizontal linear displacement; second, the hollow coil 401 serves as a reference shaft when at rest, so that the circumferential positioning assembly sleeved on the hollow coil can perform fixed-axis rotation around the circumferential positioning assembly; thirdly, support is provided for the circumferential positioning assembly, so that the stability of the circumferential positioning assembly is ensured.
When the multi-position plasma welding unit 4 works, the circumferential driving mechanism is started to drive the current circumferential positioning assembly to perform circumferential rotation, the rotation speed and the rotation angle are controlled, and the adjustment of each adjusting and controlling type girth welding mechanism to a position coaxially matched with the current heat exchange tube 201 can be achieved through the circumferential rotation, so that the axial positioning is adjusted for the girth welding process.
In any of the above solutions, preferably, the circumferential driving mechanism includes a circumferential position-controlling motor frame 11 fixedly mounted on an outer sidewall of a right end of the hollow coil 401, a circumferential driving motor 12 is fixedly mounted on the circumferential position-controlling motor frame 11, a driving rotary pulley 13 is fixedly mounted on a motor shaft of the circumferential driving motor 12, and a driven rotary pulley 15 cooperatively connected with the driving rotary pulley 13 through a toothed belt 14 is coaxially fixed on an outer sidewall of the circumferential positioning assembly.
When the circumferential driving mechanism works, the circumferential driving motor 12 is controlled to start, and the driving rotary belt wheel 13, the toothed belt 14 and the driven rotary belt wheel 15 are driven to operate through the circumferential driving motor 12, so that the fixed shaft of the circumferential positioning assembly is finally driven to rotate.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the circumferential positioning assembly includes a rotary outer tube 16 movably sleeved on an outer side wall of the hollow coil 401, the driven rotary pulley 15 is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the rotary outer tube 16, a circumferential sleeve shell 17 rotating along with the rotary outer tube 16 is installed at a left end of the rotary outer tube 16, the circumferential sleeve shell 17 is coaxially sleeved on the outer side wall of the hollow coil 401, and a plurality of regulation and control type girth welding mechanisms are disposed on the outer side wall of the circumferential sleeve shell 17 along a circumferential interval thereof.
The rotary outer tube 16 of the circumferential positioning assembly receives driving force from the circumferential driving mechanism, the corresponding rotary outer tube 16 is driven to rotate in a fixed shaft mode under the action of the driven rotary belt pulley 15, the circumferential sleeve shell 17 is driven to rotate along with the fixed shaft when the rotary outer tube 16 rotates, and accordingly all the regulation and control type girth welding mechanisms mounted on the circumferential sleeve shell 17 are controlled to rotate in the circumferential direction in the fixed shaft mode.
In any of the above solutions, preferably, the adjustable girth welding mechanism includes a radial rigid tube 18 fixedly installed on an outer sidewall of a circumferential sleeve shell 17 of the circumferential positioning assembly, a telescopic cylinder 19 is fixedly installed inside the radial rigid tube 18, two piston rods extending in the same direction are provided at an output end of the telescopic cylinder 19, an end of each piston rod is fixedly installed on an inner end surface of an annular welding control member, a micro plasma welding gun 20 is fixedly installed at an output end of the annular welding control member, a micro welding machine 21 is fixedly installed on an outer sidewall of the radial rigid tube 18, the micro welding machine 21 is in signal connection with the micro plasma welding gun 20 through a pipeline, and the micro plasma welding gun 20 realizes a heat exchange tube 201 close to a current position and completes at least one circle of annular welding for the heat exchange tube under the cooperation of the telescopic cylinder 19 and the annular welding control member.
The circumferential sleeve shell 17 on the circumferential positioning assembly is followed by the regulating and controlling type girth welding mechanism to complete circumferential fixed-axis rotation, the radial rigid tube 18 fixedly connected with the circumferential sleeve shell 17 drives the telescopic cylinder 19 arranged in the regulating and controlling type girth welding mechanism and the annular welding control piece at the front end of the radial rigid tube 18 to rotate along with the rotation in the circumferential fixed-axis rotation process, and when the central shaft of the radial rigid tube 18 rotating to each regulating and controlling type girth welding mechanism is coaxial with the corresponding heat exchange tube 201 to be welded, the rotation is stopped; at this time, the two piston rods of the telescopic cylinder 19 are controlled to extend in the same direction and drive the annular welding control piece at the front end of the telescopic cylinder to be close to the heat exchange tube 201, when the miniature plasma welding gun 20 of the annular welding control piece is close to the joint position between the current heat exchange tube 201 and the boiler shell barrel 2, the annular welding control piece is controlled to operate and drive the current miniature plasma welding gun 20 to follow and complete at least one circle of movement around the current heat exchange tube 201, and the miniature plasma welding gun 20 is in a working state in the moving process, so that the annular welding treatment is completed, and the welding effect and efficiency are ensured.
In addition, in the present invention, when the positioning layout of the heat exchange tubes 201 of the boiler shell body 2 is performed, the number of the heat exchange tubes 201 on the same base circle is an integer multiple of the number of the current micro plasma welding guns 20, and the equipment of the number of the micro plasma welding guns 20 matched with the current heat exchange tubes 201 is selected and configured in advance according to the need by using special plasma welding equipment for the large-diameter boiler shell.
In any of the above solutions, it is preferable that the annular welding control member 41 includes a servo motor 22 fixedly mounted at the ends of both piston rods of the telescopic cylinder 19, a large inner ring plate 23 is fixedly mounted on a motor housing at an outer end of the servo motor 22, a fixed ring gear 24 is fixedly mounted at an outer side of the large inner ring plate 23, a large outer ring plate 25 is fixedly mounted at an outer end surface of the fixed ring gear 24, the large outer ring plate 25 is fixed on an outer side wall of the servo motor 22 through a connecting frame 26, a small inner ring plate 27 coaxial with the large inner ring plate 23 is disposed in an inner cavity of the large inner ring plate 23, the small inner ring plate 27 is fixed on a motor housing end surface of the servo motor 22, a motor shaft of the servo motor 22 movably penetrates through a center hole of the small inner ring plate 27 and extends into the fixed ring gear 24, a small outer ring disc 28 is fixedly arranged at the outer end of a motor shaft of the servo motor 22, an outer ring channel 29 is formed between the small outer ring disc 28 and the large outer ring disc 25 in a coaxial way, an inner ring channel 30 is formed between the small inner ring disc 27 and the large inner ring disc 23 in a coaxial way, the outer ring channel 29 and the inner ring channel 30 are coaxially arranged and have the same size, a sun gear 31 is fixedly arranged on the motor shaft of the servo motor 22 in the fixed gear ring 24, a planet surrounding gear 32 is meshed between the sun gear 31 and the fixed gear ring 24, a planet gear shaft 33 fixedly connected with the planet surrounding gear 32 is of a hollow structure, two ends of the planet gear shaft 33 are respectively matched with the inside of the outer ring channel 29 and the inside of the inner ring channel 30, a micro plasma welding gun 20 is fixedly arranged at the outer end of the planet gear shaft 33, the tail end of the miniature plasma welding gun 20 faces the annular joint part 34 of the heat exchange tube 201 and the pot shell body 2 at the current position.
The whole annular welding control piece adopts the servo motor 22 as a driving piece, the whole annular welding control piece adopts a planetary gear train structure, the fixed gear ring 24 is fixed, the sun gear 31 is driven to operate by controlling the operation of the servo motor 22, the planetary encircling gear 32 meshed with the sun gear 31 is driven to realize circumferential encircling through the operation of the sun gear 31, and because the planetary gear shaft 33 of the planetary encircling gear 32 is fixedly connected with the micro plasma welding gun 20, when the planetary encircling gear 32 encircling the sun gear 31, the micro plasma welding gun 20 is driven to realize circumferential rotation encircling the current heat exchange tube 201, the micro plasma welding gun 20 is started before rotation, the welding fixation of the periphery of the heat exchange tube 201 can be completed, and the welding efficiency and the welding effect are effectively ensured through a plasma annular welding mode.
The outer annular channel 29 and the inner annular channel 30 play a limiting role in the rotation process, so that the stability of the planet gear shafts 33 in rotation is effectively ensured, and when the sun gear 31 does not rotate, the fixation of the planet surrounding gears 32 can be ensured by fixing the gear ring 24 and the locking position of the sun gear 31.
In any of the above solutions, it is preferable that the horizontal displacement driving member includes a driving belt member 35 mounted on an outer side wall of the stepped shaft section 302 at a right end of the long-distance rigid horizontal screw 301 through a quick-release coupling, a power input end of the driving belt member 35 is connected to a motor shaft of a horizontal driving motor 36, a motor housing of the horizontal driving motor 36 is fixed to a right motor frame 37, and the right motor frame 37 is fixed to a right side wall of the right supporting seat 5.
When the horizontal displacement driving piece works, the horizontal driving motor 36 is mainly used for driving the driving belt part 35 to run, so that power is transmitted to the current long-distance rigid horizontal screw 301, the long-distance rigid horizontal screw 301 is driven to realize fixed-axis rotation, when the long-distance rigid horizontal screw 301 rotates in a fixed-axis mode, the hollow screw 401 matched with the long-distance rigid horizontal screw 301 is driven to reciprocate along a straight line, and the precision of straight line displacement is reliable, so that self-locking can be realized.
Example 2: compared with embodiment 1, this embodiment is different in that:
the circumferential sleeve housing 17 is fixedly arranged with the left end face of the rotary outer tube 16.
The structure of fixing the circumferential sleeve shell 17 and the rotating outer tube 16 into one body can ensure that the corresponding circumferential sleeve shell 17 can be driven to synchronously rotate along with the rotating outer tube 16 when the rotating outer tube 16 rotates.
Example 3: compared with embodiment 1, this embodiment differs in that:
the left end of the rotary outer tube 16 movably extends into the inner cavity of the circumferential sleeve shell 17, a central bevel gear 38 is integrally formed at the left end of the rotary outer tube 16, four driven reduction bevel gears 39 are respectively meshed with the central bevel gear 38 in the circumferential direction, the gear shafts of the driven reduction bevel gears 39 movably penetrate out to the outer side wall of the circumferential sleeve shell 17 and are limited by limiting nuts 40, and when the central bevel gear 38 rotates under the driving action of the driven rotary belt pulley 15, the four driven reduction bevel gears 39 can be driven to rotate, and meanwhile, the circumferential sleeve shell 17 is driven to perform circumferential movement.
The central bevel gear 38 is used as a driving transmission part, and simultaneously drives the four driven reduction bevel gears 39 to operate, so that effective speed reduction and reduction control on the circumferential sleeve shell 17 can be realized, and the position control stability during circumferential control is facilitated.
The specific working principle is as follows: before the special plasma welding equipment for the large-diameter boiler shell works, the primary welding formed shell cylinder body 2 is firstly fixed in advance in a spiral screwing mode through each heat exchange tube 201 at an upstream station, then the whole boiler shell is hoisted and transferred to the top of a carrier roller supporting unit through hoisting equipment or an electric hoist in a workshop, the support to the bottoms of the two ends of the whole boiler shell structure is realized by means of each carrier roller at the top, and the horizontal positioning of the boiler shell is realized after the support is completed.
After the positioning of the pot shell assembly is completed, the corresponding heights of the right-end supporting unit and the left-end supporting unit are adjusted according to the height of the central axis of the current pot shell, then the right-end supporting unit and the left-end supporting unit are placed at the left side and the right side of the pot shell barrel 2, the coaxial line is kept through adjustment, then the axial position control mechanism 3 assembled with the multi-position plasma welding unit 4 horizontally extends into the pot shell barrel 2 by using a manual carrying or transferring manipulator, then two ends of the axial position control mechanism 3 are movably mounted in the corresponding right-end supporting unit and left-end supporting unit respectively in sequence, and the synchronous lifting of the right-end supporting unit and the left-end supporting unit is controlled by remote control, so that the current axial position control mechanism 3 and the central axis of the current pot shell barrel are controlled to be coaxial.
The universal wheel sets at the bottoms of the right end supporting unit and the left end supporting unit are locked and positioned, the operation of the horizontal displacement driving piece is controlled at the moment to drive the axial position control mechanism 3 at the left side of the horizontal displacement driving piece, so that the multi-position plasma welding unit 4 is driven to reach the position of the heat exchange tube 201 at the most left side end part, and the central axes of the regulating type girth welding mechanisms on the multi-position plasma welding unit 4 are coplanar with the axis of the current heat exchange tube 201 through the configured in-place switches and the infrared sensing element adjustment, so that the preconditioning is finished.
The power supply is switched on and the equipment is started, the current axial position control mechanism 3 is controlled to drive each regulation type girth welding mechanism arranged on the current axial position control mechanism to be centered with the heat exchange tube 201 at the corresponding position, then each regulation type girth welding mechanism is controlled to be radially close to the corresponding heat exchange tube 201, after the required position is reached, the position is sensed through a sensor, and the micro welding machine 21 on the regulation type girth welding mechanism is started by an existing control box system configured outside or by manual control.
The current micro plasma welding gun 20 is controlled to work, the micro plasma welding gun 20 can passively rotate at the same time, and then annular welding between the inner end of the heat exchange tube 201 and the connecting joint of the pot shell body 2 is completed, the annular rotation speed of the micro plasma welding gun 20 is controlled to control the uniformity of plasma welding, and the welding effect is improved; in addition, the defect location of the weld can be further refined by controlling the reversal of the micro plasma gun 20. The plasma cutting welding equipment can realize the rapid automatic welding of the shell cylinder 2 and the heat exchange tubes 201 of the large-diameter boiler by adopting a field assembly mode when in operation, keep the shell cylinder 2 and each heat exchange tube 201 to stand and locate in the welding process, and control the axial position control mechanism 3 to cooperate with the operation of the multi-position plasma welding unit 4 to realize the rapid plasma welding treatment of the shell cylinder 2 and the plurality of heat exchange tubes 201.
When the plasma cutting welding equipment works, each micro plasma welding gun 20 in the multi-position plasma welding unit 4 synchronously completes annular welding on the heat exchange tubes 201 at each position, and can complete welding positioning of a plurality of heat exchange tubes 201 in the process of sequential positioning welding, so that the overall welding efficiency is relatively high; the telescopic state of the micro plasma welding gun 20 at the front end can be controlled according to the needs when each regulating type girth welding mechanism works, so that the micro plasma welding gun 20 can be controlled to be close to or far away from the current heat exchange tube 201 according to the needs, the movement of the micro plasma welding gun is prevented from being interfered before and after welding, and the movement smoothness is ensured; before the axial position control mechanism 3 works, the horizontal support of the axial position control mechanism 3 is realized by virtue of a right end support unit and a left end support unit at the left end and the right end, and meanwhile, when the multi-position plasma welding unit 4 works, the horizontal displacement of the axial position control mechanism 3 matched with the multi-position plasma welding unit can be driven by controlling the operation of the multi-position plasma welding unit, so that the welding and fixing of the heat exchange tube 201 at the position of the upper part of the axial direction of the pot shell cylinder 2 are realized; the multi-position plasma welding unit 4 can also rotate along the circumferential direction by means of the operation of the multi-position plasma welding unit 4, each micro plasma welding gun 20 on the whole multi-position plasma welding unit 4 can be controlled to rotate successively and complete circular motion when rotating along the circumferential direction, and each time the current heat exchange tube 201 is welded, the current heat exchange tube 201 can be rotated by a proper angle to the next heat exchange tube 201 station to be welded.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions; any alternative modifications or variations to the embodiments of the present invention will fall within the scope of the present invention for those skilled in the art.
The present invention is not described in detail in the present application, and is well known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (3)
1. Special plasma welding equipment of big footpath boiler pot shell is including fixing at subaerial bearing roller support frame's top is provided with the pot shell barrel, the bearing roller support frame is right the both ends bottom of pot shell barrel each mounting hole of pot shell barrel surface has the heat exchange tube of corresponding waiting welded installation of screw thread combination, its characterized in that: the device comprises a carrier roller support frame, a right end supporting unit, a left end supporting unit, an axial position control mechanism, a horizontal displacement driving piece, a plasma welding unit, a multi-position plasma welding unit and a shell cylinder, wherein the right end supporting unit and the left end supporting unit are respectively arranged on two sides of the carrier roller support frame;
The right end bearing unit comprises right supporting seats which are vertically arranged, right synchronous lifting cylinders are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the right supporting seats along the front-rear direction of the right supporting seats, right universal wheel sets with brake pieces are respectively and fixedly arranged at the bottoms of the right synchronous lifting cylinders, and the right supporting seats are used for realizing movable support of the right ends of the axial position control mechanisms;
the left end supporting unit comprises a left supporting seat which is vertically arranged, a left synchronous lifting cylinder is respectively arranged at the bottom of the left supporting seat along the front-rear direction of the left supporting seat, a left universal wheel set with a brake piece is respectively and fixedly arranged at the bottom of each left synchronous lifting cylinder, and the left supporting seat is used for realizing movable support on the left end of the axial position control mechanism;
the right synchronous lifting cylinders and the left synchronous lifting cylinders are in synchronous lifting states in the working state;
the axial position control mechanism comprises a long-distance rigid horizontal screw rod which is horizontally arranged, stepped shaft sections at two ends of the long-distance rigid horizontal screw rod respectively penetrate through rotating holes on the left support seat and rotating holes on the right support seat at corresponding positions in a movable mode, rigid guide thin shafts are respectively arranged at the front side and the rear side of the long-distance rigid horizontal screw rod at intervals and symmetrically, two ends of each rigid guide thin shaft are respectively and detachably fixedly arranged on the left support seat and the right support seat at corresponding positions, the multi-position plasma welding unit is respectively in screwing fit with external thread sections of the long-distance rigid horizontal screw rod and in movable sleeve fit with the two rigid guide thin shafts, and stepped shaft sections at the right end of the long-distance rigid horizontal screw rod movably penetrate out of the rotating holes on the right support seat and are connected with a power output end of the horizontal displacement driving piece;
The multi-position plasma welding unit comprises a hollow spiral tube which is screwed and matched on the outer side wall of an external thread section of the long-distance rigid horizontal screw rod, guide through holes which are used for being movably sleeved on the outer side wall of the rigid guide thin shaft are symmetrically arranged on the front side and the rear side of the hollow spiral tube respectively, when the long-distance rigid horizontal screw rod rotates, the hollow spiral tube is driven to axially translate, a circumferential positioning component is sleeved on the outer side wall of the hollow spiral tube, a power input end of the circumferential positioning component is movably sleeved on the outer side wall of the right end of the hollow spiral tube, a plurality of regulation type girth welding mechanisms are arranged on the outer side wall of the circumferential positioning component at intervals along the circumference of the power input end, each regulation type girth welding mechanism is used for realizing girth welding positioning of a heat exchange tube in a pre-fixed state at the current position, the right side of the circumferential positioning component is connected with a circumferential driving mechanism, and the upper end of the circumferential driving mechanism is fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the hollow spiral tube;
the adjustable type girth welding mechanism comprises a radial rigid pipe fixedly mounted on the outer side wall of the circumferential positioning assembly, a telescopic cylinder is fixedly mounted inside the radial rigid pipe, two piston rods extending in the same direction are arranged at the output end of the telescopic cylinder, the end parts of the piston rods are fixedly mounted on the inner end face of an annular welding control piece, a micro plasma welding gun is fixedly mounted at the output end of the annular welding control piece, a micro welding machine is fixedly mounted on the outer side wall of the radial rigid pipe, and the micro welding machine is connected with the micro plasma welding gun through a pipeline in a signal mode.
2. The special plasma welding device for the large-diameter boiler shell according to claim 1, wherein: the circumferential driving mechanism comprises a circumferential position control motor frame fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the right end of the hollow solenoid, a circumferential driving motor is fixedly arranged on the circumferential position control motor frame, a driving rotary belt wheel is fixedly arranged on a motor shaft of the circumferential driving motor, and a driven rotary belt wheel which is connected with the driving rotary belt wheel in a matched manner through a toothed belt is coaxially fixed on the outer side wall of the circumferential position adjusting assembly.
3. The special plasma welding device for the large-diameter boiler shell according to claim 2, wherein: the horizontal displacement driving piece comprises a driving belt component which is arranged on the outer side wall of the stepped shaft section at the right end of the long-distance rigid horizontal screw rod through a quick-release coupler, the power input end of the driving belt component is connected with a motor shaft of a horizontal driving motor, a motor shell of the horizontal driving motor is fixed on a right motor frame, and the right motor frame is fixed on the right side wall of the right supporting seat.
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| CN202311535971.1A CN117245188B (en) | 2023-11-17 | 2023-11-17 | Special plasma welding equipment for large-diameter boiler shell |
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| CN202311535971.1A CN117245188B (en) | 2023-11-17 | 2023-11-17 | Special plasma welding equipment for large-diameter boiler shell |
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