CN117240833A - Error correction method, system and storage medium for video transmission - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of media data transmission, in particular to an error correction method, an error correction system and a storage medium for video transmission, and aims to improve error correction capability. The error correction method for video transmission of the present application comprises: the sending end calculates the ratio of the error correction packet to the video packet according to the network packet loss rate and the delay time; packaging original video data into RTP video packets, and generating corresponding RTP error correction packets based on a Reed-Solomon algorithm according to the ratio; the RTP video packet and the corresponding RTP error correction packet are used as a packet to be sent to a receiving end; the receiving end judges whether packet loss exists or not; if yes, recovering the length, the load and the packet head of the lost video packet according to the received RTP video packet and RTP error correction packet, thereby recovering the lost video packet. The application can improve the error correction capability without increasing too much network burden by dynamically adjusting the ratio of the error correction packet to the video packet.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of media data transmission technologies, and in particular, to an error correction method, system, and storage medium for video transmission.
Background
RTP (Realtime Transport Protocol, real-time transport protocol) is a transport protocol for multimedia data streams over the Internet, RTCP (Realtime Transport Control Protocol, real-time transport control protocol) is responsible for managing the quality of the transmission to exchange control information between the current application processes. RTP and RTCP are used in combination to optimize transmission efficiency with efficient feedback and minimal overhead.
In the scenes of cloud games, remote video on demand, video conferences and the like, because a large amount of data needs to be transmitted, even if RTP and RTCP are used, video data transmission errors caused by poor network environment still can occur, so that the phenomena of video clamping and the like occur at a receiving end, and the user experience is poor.
In the prior art, the ratio of the error correction packet to the video packet adopts a fixed value, and cannot cope with the situation that the network environment continuously changes.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present application proposes an error correction method, system and storage medium for video transmission, which improves the error correction capability.
In a first aspect of the present application, an error correction method for video transmission is presented, the method comprising:
the sending end calculates the ratio of the error correction packet to the video packet according to the network packet loss rate and the delay time;
packaging original video data into RTP video packets, and generating corresponding RTP error correction packets based on a Reed-Solomon algorithm according to the ratio;
the RTP video packet and the corresponding RTP error correction packet are used as a packet to be sent to a receiving end;
the receiving end judges whether packet loss exists or not;
if yes, recovering the length, the load and the packet head of the lost video packet according to the received RTP video packet and the RTP error correction packet, thereby recovering the lost video packet.
Preferably, the packaging the original video data into RTP video packets, and generating corresponding RTP error correction packets based on a Reed-Solomon algorithm according to the ratio includes:
according to the ratio and the preset finite field size, calculating a first quantity corresponding to RTP video packets and a second quantity corresponding to RTP error correction packets in the same packet;
and packing original video data into the RTP video packets, and packing the RTP error correction packets of the second number based on a Reed-Solomon algorithm and a finite field algorithm when the number of the RTP video packets reaches the first number or the value of an M field in a packet header of the RTP video packets is 1.
Preferably, said packing said second number of said RTP error correction packets based on a Reed-Solomon algorithm and a finite-field algorithm comprises:
generating video data error correction codes according to the load part of each RTP video packet in the packet by columns based on the Reed-Solomon algorithm and the finite field algorithm;
generating a data length error correction code according to the length of each RTP video packet in the packet based on the Reed-Solomon algorithm and the finite field algorithm;
generating a packet header error correction code according to the packet header of each RTP video packet in the packet based on the Reed-Solomon algorithm and the finite field algorithm;
generating a payload portion of the RTP error correction packet according to a sequence number range of the RTP video packet, the data length error correction code, the packet header error correction code and the video data error correction code, which are protected by the RTP error correction packet;
and combining the packet head and the load part of the RTP error correction packet to generate the RTP error correction packet.
Preferably, the step of recovering the length of the lost video packet comprises:
and recovering the length of the lost video packet according to the length information of each RTP video packet received in the packets to which the lost video packet belongs and the data length error correction code in the RTP error correction packet based on the Reed-Solomon algorithm and the finite field algorithm.
Preferably, the step of recovering the payload of the lost video packet comprises:
and recovering the load of the lost video packet according to the load of each received RTP video packet in the packets to which the lost video packet belongs and the video data error correction code in the RTP error correction packet based on the Reed-Solomon algorithm and the finite field algorithm.
Preferably, the preset finite field size is 256;
the RTP video packet and the packet header of the RTP error correction packet both comprise:
v field: occupying 2 bits, representing an RTP version number;
p field: occupy 1bit, representing a padding flag, which when 1 represents padding one or more additional 8bit data at the tail of the RTP;
x field: occupying 1bit, representing an extension header flag, which when 1 indicates that an extension header follows the current RTP header;
CC field: occupying 4 bits, and a contribution source counter representing the number of the contribution source identifiers;
m field: occupying 1bit, when the value is 1, the current RTP packet is the last RTP packet of the current video frame;
PT field: occupying 7 bits, representing the load type;
sequence number field: occupying 2 bytes, representing the sequence number of the RTP packet;
timestamp field: 4 bytes are occupied, representing a time stamp;
SSRC field: occupies 4 bytes and represents the synchronization source identifier.
Preferably, the receiving end judges whether there is packet loss, including:
and the receiving end judges whether the sequence number is continuous or not according to the sequence number field contained in the packet head of the received RTP video packet, thereby determining whether packet loss exists or not.
Preferably, the header error correction code includes: data for respectively correcting errors of the X field, the M field and the timestamp field;
the step of recovering the RTP packet header of the lost video packet includes:
recovering the X field, the M field and the timestamp field in the packet header of the lost video packet according to the packet header of each received RTP video packet in the packet to which the lost video packet belongs and the packet header error correction code in the RTP error correction packet based on the Reed-Solomon algorithm and the finite field algorithm;
determining the sequence number field of the lost video packet according to the sequence number field of each received RTP video packet;
and recovering the values of the rest fields in the lost video packet header according to the received packet header of each RTP video packet.
In a second aspect of the application, an error correction system for video transmission is presented, the system comprising:
a transmitting end configured to: calculating the ratio of error correction packets to video packets according to the network packet loss rate and the delay time; packaging original video data into RTP video packets, and generating corresponding RTP error correction packets based on a Reed-Solomon algorithm according to the ratio; the RTP video packet and the corresponding RTP error correction packet are used as a packet to be sent to a receiving end;
a receiving end configured to: judging whether packet loss exists or not; if yes, recovering the length, the load and the packet head of the lost video packet according to the received RTP video packet and the RTP error correction packet, thereby recovering the lost video packet.
In a third aspect of the application, a computer readable storage medium is presented storing a computer program capable of being loaded by a processor and performing the method described above.
The application has the following beneficial effects:
the sending end dynamically adjusts the ratio of the error correction packet to the video packet according to the network packet loss rate and the delay time, and improves the error correction capability of the receiving end under the condition of not increasing too much network burden.
Error correction codes are respectively generated for the packet header, the payload and the data length of each RTP video packet, so that the lost video packet can be completely recovered at the receiving end.
Based on the Reed-Solomon algorithm and the finite field algorithm, under the condition that the packet loss rate is not more than 50%, the loss of one video packet can be dealt with when one error correction packet is added, so that the lost video packet can be recovered in hundred percent, and the user experience under the poor network environment is effectively improved.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the main steps of an embodiment of an error correction method for video transmission according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the main steps of a second embodiment of an error correction method for video transmission according to the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the error correction system for video transmission of the present application.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are merely for explaining the technical principles of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the application.
It should be noted that in the description of the present application, the terms "first," "second," and the like are merely used for convenience of description and are not to be construed as limiting the application as to the relative importance of the device, element or parameter being described or implied. In addition, the term "and/or" in the present application is merely an association relationship describing the association object, and indicates that three relationships may exist, for example, a and/or B may indicate: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In this context, unless otherwise specified, the term "/" generally indicates that the associated object is an "or" relationship.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the main steps of an embodiment of an error correction method for video transmission according to the present application. As shown in fig. 1, the error correction method of the present embodiment includes steps a10-a50:
and step A10, the transmitting end calculates the ratio of the error correction packet to the video packet according to the network packet loss rate and the delay time.
In the present application, the ratio is calculated once every packet (including video packets and error correction packets) is packed. The number of the two packets is adjusted in real time by dynamically adjusting the ratio.
In this embodiment, when the delay time is less than 50ms, the ratio of the error correction packet to the video packet is calculated according to the rule shown in table 1:
table 1 selection of the ratio of error correction packets to video packets based on the packet loss rate
| Packet loss rate | Ratio of error correction packets to video packets |
| Less than 2% | 4% |
| 2%-5% | 7% |
| 5%-10% | 12% |
| 10%-20% | 25% |
| 20%-30% | 40% |
| 30%-50% | 100% |
When the delay time is between 50ms and 100ms, the ratio value is increased by 20 percent based on the calculation result of the table 1; when the delay time is more than 100ms, the ratio value is increased by 40% based on the calculation result of table 1. While improving the error correction capability, the maximum ratio is limited to not more than 100% in order to avoid adding excessive network load.
And step A20, packaging the original video data into RTP video packets, and generating corresponding RTP error correction packets based on a Reed-Solomon algorithm according to the ratio of the error correction packets to the video packets.
And step A30, the RTP video packet and the corresponding RTP error correction packet are used as a packet to be sent to a receiving end.
And step A40, the receiving end judges whether the packet loss exists.
The step of determining, by the receiving end, whether there is a packet loss may specifically include:
the receiving end judges whether the sequence number is continuous or not according to a sequence number field contained in a packet head of the received RTP video packet, so as to determine whether packet loss exists or not.
And step A50, when the packet loss exists, recovering the length, the load and the packet header of the lost video packet according to the received RTP video packet and the RTP error correction packet, thereby recovering the lost video packet.
If the receiving end judges that the packet loss does not occur, error correction processing is not needed.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of main steps of a second embodiment of an error correction method for video transmission according to the present application. As shown in fig. 2, the error correction method of the present embodiment includes steps B10-B60:
and step B10, the transmitting end calculates the ratio of the error correction packet to the video packet according to the network packet loss rate and the delay time.
And step B20, calculating a first number corresponding to the RTP video packets and a second number corresponding to the RTP error correction packets in the same packet according to the ratio and the preset finite field size.
In this embodiment, the size of the preset finite field is 256, and therefore, the sum of the RTP video packets and the RTP error correction packets (i.e., the sum of the first number and the second number) is equal to or less than 256.
The number of error correction packets is determined based on network quality, including: the data delay time and packet loss rate (obtained through RTCP interactions) determine the ratio of error correction data to raw data. For example, the currently calculated ratio is 50%, and the number of error correction packets is equal to the number of video packets, so that the packet loss rate lower than 50% can be dealt with. Since GF (256) is used, assuming that 50% of packets are currently lost, the error correction packet is generated immediately after the sender generates the 128 th video packet, or the error correction packet is generated immediately when the M field in the RTP packet header is equal to 1 (indicating the end of the frame) is encountered.
And step B30, packaging the original video data into RTP video packets, and packaging a second number of RTP error correction packets based on a Reed-Solomon algorithm and a finite field algorithm when the number of the RTP video packets reaches a first number or the value of an M field in the header of the RTP video packets is 1.
In this embodiment, the step of packaging the RTP error correction packet includes:
(1) Based on Reed-Solomon algorithm and finite field algorithm, video data error correction codes are generated by columns according to the payload part of each RTP video packet in the packet.
(2) Based on Reed-Solomon algorithm and finite field algorithm, generating data length error correction code according to length of each RTP video packet in the packet.
(3) Based on Reed-Solomon algorithm and finite field algorithm, generating packet head error correction code according to packet head of each RTP video packet in the packet.
(4) And generating a payload part of the RTP error correction packet according to the sequence number range, the data length error correction code, the packet head error correction code and the video data error correction code of the RTP video packet protected by the RTP error correction packet.
(5) And combining the packet header and the payload part of the RTP error correction packet to generate the RTP error correction packet.
In this embodiment, the headers of the RTP video packet and the RTP error correction packet each include the following 12 bytes:
v field: occupying 2 bits, representing an RTP version number;
p field: occupy 1bit, representing a padding flag, which when 1 represents padding one or more additional 8bit data at the tail of the RTP;
x field: occupying 1bit, representing an extension header flag, which when 1 indicates that an extension header follows the current RTP header;
CC field: occupying 4 bits, and a contribution source counter representing the number of the contribution source identifiers;
m field: occupying 1bit, when the value is 1, the current RTP packet is the last RTP packet of the current video frame;
PT field: occupying 7 bits, representing the load type;
sequence number field: occupying 2 bytes, representing the sequence number of the RTP packet;
timestamp field: 4 bytes are occupied, representing a time stamp;
SSRC field: 4 bytes are occupied, representing a synchronization source identifier; the SSRC field values of all the video packets are the same, and the receiving end judges whether the video packets are RTP video packets or RTP error correction packets through SSRC.
In this embodiment, the header error correction code includes: and respectively correcting the data of the X field, the M field and the timestamp field.
And step B40, the RTP video packet and the corresponding RTP error correction packet are used as a packet to be sent to a receiving end.
And step B50, the receiving end judges whether the packet loss exists.
And step B60, when the packet loss exists, recovering the length, the load and the packet header of the lost video packet according to the received RTP video packet and the RTP error correction packet, thereby recovering the lost video packet. The method specifically comprises the steps of B61-B64:
step B61, recovering the length of the lost video packet: based on the Reed-Solomon algorithm and the finite field algorithm, the length of the lost video packet is recovered according to the length information of each RTP video packet received in the packet to which the lost video packet belongs and the data length error correction code in the RTP error correction packet.
Because the payload of RTP video packets may be followed by a padding of 0 s, a recovery length is required in order to know the true length of the lost video packets. When the receiving end restores the original video data, the receiving end can carry out framing on the received RTP video packets, each RTP video packet has own length, and the RTP video packets are sequentially formed into one frame of original video data.
Step B62, recovering the load of the lost video packet: based on the Reed-Solomon algorithm and the finite field algorithm, the load of the lost video packet is recovered according to the load of each RTP video packet received in the packet to which the lost video packet belongs and the video data error correction code in the RTP error correction packet.
Step B63, recovering the RTP packet header of the lost video packet:
(1) Based on the Reed-Solomon algorithm and the finite field algorithm, the X field, the M field and the timestamp field in the packet header of the lost video packet are recovered according to the packet header of each RTP video packet received in the packet to which the lost video packet belongs and the packet header error correction code in the RTP error correction packet.
(2) The sequence number field of the lost video packet is determined according to the sequence number field (sequence number) of each received RTP video packet.
For example, the sequence number of the received RTP video packet is from 1000 to 1128, but is missing 1020, the sequence number of the lost video packet is determined to be 1020.
(3) And recovering the values of the rest fields in the lost video packet header according to the received packet header of each RTP video packet. The values of the other fields are the same for each RTP video packet in the same group, so that direct copying is only needed.
If the receiving end judges that the packet loss does not occur, error correction processing is not needed.
Although the steps are described in the above-described sequential order in the above-described embodiments, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in order to achieve the effects of the present embodiments, the steps need not be performed in such order, and may be performed simultaneously (in parallel) or in reverse order, and such simple variations are within the scope of the present application.
Further, based on the same technical concept as the method embodiment, the application also provides a system embodiment, and the following detailed description is made.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the error correction system for video transmission of the present application. As shown in fig. 3, the error correction system of the present embodiment includes a transmitting end 10 and a receiving end 20.
Wherein, the transmitting end 10 is configured to: calculating the ratio of error correction packets to video packets according to the network packet loss rate and the delay time; packaging original video data into RTP video packets, and generating corresponding RTP error correction packets based on a Reed-Solomon algorithm according to the ratio; and sending the RTP video packet and the corresponding RTP error correction packet to a receiving end as one packet. The receiving end 20 is configured to: judging whether packet loss exists or not; if yes, recovering the length, the load and the packet head of the lost video packet according to the received RTP video packet and RTP error correction packet, thereby recovering the lost video packet.
Still further, embodiments of a computer-readable storage medium are provided. The storage medium of the present embodiment stores therein a computer program that can be loaded by a processor and execute the above-described method.
The computer readable storage medium may include: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
Those of skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative method steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative components and steps have been described above generally in terms of functionality in order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of electronic hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as electronic hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Those skilled in the art may implement the described functionality using different approaches for each particular application, but such implementation is not intended to be limiting.
Thus far, the technical solution of the present application has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings. However, it will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the scope of the application is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent modifications and substitutions for related technical features may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present application, and such modifications and substitutions will be within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. An error correction method for video transmission, the method comprising:
the sending end calculates the ratio of the error correction packet to the video packet according to the network packet loss rate and the delay time;
packaging original video data into RTP video packets, and generating corresponding RTP error correction packets based on a Reed-Solomon algorithm according to the ratio;
the RTP video packet and the corresponding RTP error correction packet are used as a packet to be sent to a receiving end;
the receiving end judges whether packet loss exists or not;
if yes, recovering the length, the load and the packet head of the lost video packet according to the received RTP video packet and the RTP error correction packet, thereby recovering the lost video packet.
2. The error correction method for video transmission according to claim 1, wherein said packetizing the original video data into RTP video packets and generating corresponding RTP error correction packets based on a Reed-Solomon algorithm according to said ratio comprises:
according to the ratio and the preset finite field size, calculating a first quantity corresponding to RTP video packets and a second quantity corresponding to RTP error correction packets in the same packet;
and packing original video data into the RTP video packets, and packing the RTP error correction packets of the second number based on a Reed-Solomon algorithm and a finite field algorithm when the number of the RTP video packets reaches the first number or the value of an M field in a packet header of the RTP video packets is 1.
3. The method for error correction for video transmission according to claim 2, wherein,
said packing said second number of said RTP error correction packets based on a Reed-Solomon algorithm and a finite-field algorithm, comprising:
generating video data error correction codes according to the load part of each RTP video packet in the packet by columns based on the Reed-Solomon algorithm and the finite field algorithm;
generating a data length error correction code according to the length of each RTP video packet in the packet based on the Reed-Solomon algorithm and the finite field algorithm;
generating a packet header error correction code according to the packet header of each RTP video packet in the packet based on the Reed-Solomon algorithm and the finite field algorithm;
generating a payload portion of the RTP error correction packet according to a sequence number range of the RTP video packet, the data length error correction code, the packet header error correction code and the video data error correction code, which are protected by the RTP error correction packet;
and combining the packet head and the load part of the RTP error correction packet to generate the RTP error correction packet.
4. An error correction method for video transmission according to claim 3,
the step of recovering the length of the lost video packet comprises:
and recovering the length of the lost video packet according to the length information of each RTP video packet received in the packets to which the lost video packet belongs and the data length error correction code in the RTP error correction packet based on the Reed-Solomon algorithm and the finite field algorithm.
5. An error correction method for video transmission according to claim 3,
the step of recovering the payload of the lost video packet comprises:
and recovering the load of the lost video packet according to the load of each received RTP video packet in the packets to which the lost video packet belongs and the video data error correction code in the RTP error correction packet based on the Reed-Solomon algorithm and the finite field algorithm.
6. An error correction method for video transmission according to claim 3,
the preset finite field size is 256;
the RTP video packet and the packet header of the RTP error correction packet both comprise:
v field: occupying 2 bits, representing an RTP version number;
p field: occupy 1bit, representing a padding flag, which when 1 represents padding one or more additional 8bit data at the tail of the RTP;
x field: occupying 1bit, representing an extension header flag, which when 1 indicates that an extension header follows the current RTP header;
CC field: occupying 4 bits, and a contribution source counter representing the number of the contribution source identifiers;
m field: occupying 1bit, when the value is 1, the current RTP packet is the last RTP packet of the current video frame;
PT field: occupying 7 bits, representing the load type;
sequence number field: occupying 2 bytes, representing the sequence number of the RTP packet;
timestamp field: 4 bytes are occupied, representing a time stamp;
SSRC field: occupies 4 bytes and represents the synchronization source identifier.
7. The method for error correction for video transmission as set forth in claim 5, wherein,
the receiving end judges whether packet loss exists or not, and the method comprises the following steps:
and the receiving end judges whether the sequence numbers are continuous according to a sequence number field contained in the packet header of the received RTP video packet, thereby determining whether packet loss exists.
8. The method for error correction for video transmission as set forth in claim 6, wherein,
the packet header error correction code includes: data for respectively correcting errors of the X field, the M field and the timestamp field;
the step of recovering the RTP packet header of the lost video packet includes:
recovering the X field, the M field and the timestamp field in the packet header of the lost video packet according to the packet header of each received RTP video packet in the packet to which the lost video packet belongs and the packet header error correction code in the RTP error correction packet based on the Reed-Solomon algorithm and the finite field algorithm;
determining the sequence number field of the lost video packet according to the sequence number field of each received RTP video packet;
and recovering the values of the rest fields in the lost video packet header according to the received packet header of each RTP video packet.
9. An error correction system for video transmission, the system comprising:
a transmitting end configured to: calculating the ratio of error correction packets to video packets according to the network packet loss rate and the delay time; packaging original video data into RTP video packets, and generating corresponding RTP error correction packets based on a Reed-Solomon algorithm according to the ratio; the RTP video packet and the corresponding RTP error correction packet are used as a packet to be sent to a receiving end;
a receiving end configured to: judging whether packet loss exists or not; if yes, recovering the length, the load and the packet head of the lost video packet according to the received RTP video packet and the RTP error correction packet, thereby recovering the lost video packet.
10. A computer readable storage medium, characterized in that a computer program is stored which can be loaded by a processor and which performs the method according to any of claims 1-8.
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