CN117239954A - Self-oscillation-based foreign matter detection module and response parameter dynamic adjustment method - Google Patents
Self-oscillation-based foreign matter detection module and response parameter dynamic adjustment method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a self-oscillation-based foreign matter detection module and a response parameter dynamic adjustment method, which belong to the technical field of wireless power transmission, wherein the module comprises an exciting coil N p And a foreign matter detection coil array, the exciting coil N p Adopt DD coil structure form reverse collusion to set up in the first coil layer of loading board, foreign matter detection coil array set up in the second coil layer of loading board, and the projection of every foreign matter detection coil on vertical direction covers completely exciting coil N p Is a D-type coil of wire. The effect is that: through parameter initialization, the influence of the environment is eliminated, and meanwhile, in the designed foreign matter detection module, one excitation coil can meet the excitation requirements of a plurality of foreign matter detection coils, so that the circuit structure is simplified, and the influence on the energy transmission process is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless power transmission, and particularly relates to a self-oscillation-based foreign matter detection module and a response parameter dynamic adjustment method.
Background
Wireless power transfer (wireless power transfer, WPT) technology is a technology that utilizes power electronics technology and modern control theory in combination and enables the transfer of power from a power source/battery to a load in a non-electrical contact manner through a soft medium, which has the advantages of safety, reliability, flexibility, etc. Therefore, the method has wider development and application in the fields of consumer electronics, medical care, electric automobiles and the like.
At present, research on various aspects of the magnetic coupling wireless charging technology has achieved a certain result, but the magnetic coupling wireless charging technology has some defects. For example, in the wireless charging of an electric automobile, in order to ensure the charging power, a transmitting coil and a receiving coil of the wireless charging device are large, the transmission efficiency is low, and meanwhile, detection and alarm of metal and biological foreign matters in a charging magnetic field are required, so that an array type foreign matter detection coil is adopted at a transmitting end. However, since each coil of the array type foreign matter detection coil and a capacitor form a resonant circuit, the array type foreign matter detection coil belongs to an RC circuit, the RC circuit can generate self-oscillation, the oscillation can generate a frequency, and the ideal foreign matter detection method is to judge the existence of the foreign matters by calculating the frequency difference of the self-oscillation when the foreign matters exist. However, since the foreign object coils are attached to the magnetic core of the transmitting coil, the positions of each coil in the array type foreign object detection coil are different, the self-excitation oscillation frequency can be changed, the calculation of the foreign object detection at the back is inconvenient, and meanwhile, the wireless energy transmission is also affected to a certain extent due to the introduction of the excitation coil.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention firstly provides the foreign matter detection module based on self-oscillation, which has simple structure and convenient design, and the DD type excitation coil is adopted simultaneously through symmetrically distributing the foreign matter detection coils, so that the foreign matter detection is satisfied and the influence on energy transmission is reduced.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a foreign matter detection module based on self-oscillation is characterized in that: comprising an exciting coil N p And a foreign matter detection coil array, the exciting coil N p Adopt DD coil structure form reverse collusion to set up in the first coil layer of loading board, foreign matter detection coil array set up in the second coil layer of loading board, and the projection of every foreign matter detection coil on vertical direction covers completely exciting coil N p Is a D-type coil of wire.
Optionally, the exciting coil N p And the foreign matter detection coils are all plane coils.
Optionally, the carrier plate is a PCB plate.
Optionally, the exciting coil N p And resistance R 5 Capacitance C 2 And diode VD 2 A first resonant circuit is formed, and the positive electrode of the power supply is connected with the switch tube VT through the first resonant circuit 1 The power supply positive electrode also passes through the resistor R 1 Connected to the switching tube VT 1 Is opened with a base electrode of (2)Closing tube VT 1 Emitter pass resistance R 3 Connect with the negative pole of the power supply and pass through the resistor R 6 And diode VD 3 Feedback to the switching tube VT 1 A base of (2); switching tube VT 1 The base of (2) is also connected with a switch tube VT 2 Collector connection of (C) and switching tube VT 1 The emitter of (2) also passes through a resistor R 4 And a switching tube VT 2 Is connected with the base electrode of the switch tube VT 2 The emitter of the (C) is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply;
each foreign matter detection coil in the foreign matter detection coil array is connected with a switch in series and then connected with a resistor R 2 Capacitance C dc Forming a second resonant circuit connected to the switching tube VT 1 A diode VD is sequentially and positively connected between the two ends of the foreign matter detection coil array and between the base electrode of the power supply cathode 1 And capacitor C 4 。
Optionally, a filter capacitor C is connected between the positive electrode and the negative electrode 1 。
Optionally, in the first resonant circuit: capacitor C 2 Reverse series diode VD 2 And then with the exciting coil N p Form a parallel resonant circuit, a resistor R 5 Connected in parallel with capacitor C 2 And (3) upper part.
Optionally, each access switch in the foreign matter detection coil array is controlled by a singlechip, and a resonant current frequency and amplitude detection circuit is further arranged on the foreign matter detection coil array.
In order to ensure the accuracy of each initial parameter and improve the stability of the system, the invention also provides a method for dynamically adjusting the response parameters of the foreign matter detection module, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: manually checking whether the foreign matter exists according to a preset period, if the foreign matter exists, cleaning the foreign matter, then entering the step S2, and if the foreign matter does not exist, directly entering the step S2;
s2: adding excitation one by one;
s3: obtaining initial parameters of coil self-excitation, including self-oscillation frequency and current amplitude;
s4: the system initial parameters are recorded and updated, and then foreign matter detection is performed according to the updated data.
Optionally, the step of performing foreign matter detection is as follows:
s41: the foreign matter detection coils are excited one by one;
s42: measuring and calculating self-oscillation frequency and current amplitude corresponding to each coil;
s43: judging whether the deviation between the current self-oscillation frequency or current amplitude and the initial parameters of the system exceeds a preset threshold value, if so, indicating that foreign matters exist, entering a normal charging state after cleaning, and if not, indicating that no foreign matters exist, and maintaining the normal charging state of the system.
The self-oscillation-based foreign matter detection module and the response parameter dynamic adjustment method provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
according to the method, the wireless power transmission system is subjected to foreign matter detection by the method of self-excitation oscillating current frequency change when the foreign matters exist or not, and the self-excitation oscillating current frequency change can be caused due to different influences of coils at different positions after the array coils are placed in a charging area environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a self-oscillation based foreign object detection module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a distribution diagram of the foreign object detection coil array of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a winding pattern diagram of the excitation coil of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a self-oscillating circuit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart illustrating the dynamic adjustment of the response parameters of the foreign object detection coil according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the foreign object detection according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are illustrative of the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the present embodiment provides a foreign matter detection module based on self-oscillation, including an exciting coil N p And a foreign matter detection coil array, the exciting coil N p Adopt DD coil structure form reverse collusion to set up at the first coil layer of PCB board, foreign matter detection coil array set up in the second coil layer of PCB board, and every foreign matter detection coil's projection on vertical direction covers completely exciting coil N p Is a D-type coil of wire.
The exciting coil N in the embodiment p The foreign matter detection coils are all plane coils, the foreign matter detection coil arrays are arranged in a 2 multiplied by 2 mode, and the two foreign matter detection coils on the left are correspondingly arranged on the exciting coil N p The D-shaped coil on the left side and the two foreign matter detection coils on the right side are correspondingly arranged on the exciting coil N p When any foreign matter detection coil is connected into the system, the D-shaped coil can be coupled with the excitation coil, the excitation coils which are wound back at two sides cannot cause excessive influence on a single foreign matter detection coil, but through the design of the DD-shaped coil structure, the magnetic field changes caused by high-frequency alternating current signals generated by the energy transmitting coil can be mutually offset on the excitation coil with larger coverage area, so that the influence on an energy transmission system is reduced, and the single foreign matter detection coil can be kept in an open circuit state for most of the time due to the smaller coverage area, so that the influence on the energy transmission system can be ignored.
In order to ensure that each foreign matter detection coil can obtain a stable excitation signal, in this embodiment, a self-oscillation circuit shown in FIG. 4 is used, and the excitation coil N can be seen p And resistance R 5 Capacitance C 2 And diode VD 2 A first resonant circuit is formed, and the positive electrode of the power supply is connected with the switch tube VT through the first resonant circuit 1 The power supply positive electrode also passes through the resistor R 1 Connected to the switching tube VT 1 Base of (2), switching tube VT 1 Emitter pass resistance R 3 Connect with the negative pole of the power supply and pass through the resistor R 6 And diode VD 3 Feedback to the switching tube VT 1 A base of (2); switching tube VT 1 The base of (2) is also connected with a switch tube VT 2 Collector connection of (C) and switching tube VT 1 The emitter of (2) also passes through a resistor R 4 And a switching tube VT 2 Is connected with the base electrode of the switch tube VT 2 The emitter of the (C) is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply;
each foreign matter detection coil in the foreign matter detection coil array is connected with a switch in series and then connected with a resistor R 2 Capacitance C dc Forming a second resonant circuit connected to the switching tube VT 1 A diode VD is sequentially and positively connected between the two ends of the foreign matter detection coil array and between the base electrode of the power supply cathode 1 And capacitor C 4 。
A filter capacitor C is connected between the positive electrode of the power supply and the negative electrode of the power supply 1 It can also be seen that in the first resonant circuit: capacitor C 2 Reverse series diode VD 2 And then with the exciting coil N p Form a parallel resonant circuit, a resistor R 5 Connected in parallel with capacitor C 2 And (3) upper part.
The self-oscillation circuit provided in this embodiment is equivalent to a self-oscillation switching power supply circuit, and uses a certain foreign matter detection coil L d The access system is taken as an example, the circuit fully utilizes the desaturation characteristic of the triode, and the working process mainly comprises three steps:
1. the switching tube conducting process comprises the following steps: after the circuit is turned on, the voltage U is input i Through resistance R 1 Is a switching tube VT 1 Providing base current, VT 1 Conducting, collector current path is U 1 Positive electrode-sequentially passing through exciting coil N p 1, 2 ends of (2), switch tube VT 1 Resistance R 3 →U 1 A negative electrode; foreign matter detection coil L d And exciting coil N p Inductive coupling is performed on the foreign matter detection coil L d Generating an induced voltage with positive 3 pins through C dc 、R 2 Is a switching tube VT 1 The base electrode provides feedback current, and the current path is a foreign matter detection coil L d 3 feet C of (2) dc →R 2 Switching tube VT 1 Base → R3 → foreign matter detection coil L d 4 pins of (2), positive feedback current causes the switching tube VT 1 Accelerating conduction and entering into saturation state soon.
2. Switching tube cut-off process: switching tube VT 1 After saturated conduction, exciting coil N p The current in (a) increases linearly, R 3 Increased pressure drop over and VT is reached 2 VT at the on-voltage of the base 2 Start to conduct with VT of 1 The base current is shunted so that VT 1 And exiting saturation and entering an amplified state. VT (VT) 1 Base reduction, collector and excitation coil N p Medium current is reduced in the exciting coil N p A foreign matter detection coil L for generating reverse induced voltage d The induced voltage in (C) is reversed dc Changing from charge state to discharge state to make VT 1 The current of the base electrode is further reduced to form strong negative feedback so as to ensure VT 1 And rapidly cut off. C (C) dc Discharge path: c (C) dc Right end-foreign matter detection coil L d 3 feet of (2) →foreign matter detection coil L d 4 pins of (2), input ground, R3, R6, VD3, R2 and C dc And the left end.
Thirdly,: and (3) a voltage stabilizing process: when the output voltage rises, the foreign matter detection coil L can be used for detecting the foreign matter by current di The sensed voltage increases and then the corresponding signal is fed back to VT 2 The base electrode increases the current and VT 2 For VT (VT) 1 The base electrode shunt effect is increased and the VT is accelerated 1 The turn-on time is shortened, the output voltage is reduced, and the stability of the voltage is maintained. When the output voltage drops, the foreign matter detection coil L can also detect the foreign matter by current di The sensed voltage is reduced and then the corresponding signal is fed back to VT 2 The base electrode reduces the current, the shunt effect is reduced, the conduction time of the switch tube is increased, and the current is reducedThe output voltage tends to stabilize.
As can be seen from the above analysis, the capacitance C dc The inductance element passing through the charge and discharge is only L d Thus C dc And L d In fact, it plays a role in frequency selection, determining the frequency of oscillation. While the presence of metallic foreign matter changes L d The self-inductance also changes the frequency of self-oscillation. N (N) p The practical function is to control the switching tube in L d The induced voltage is generated in the L process due to the reduction of the current flowing in the switching tube during the cut-off process d The reverse voltage is induced, so that the self-inductance of the foreign matter detection coil can influence the self-oscillation frequency, and the foreign matter detection coil can be used as a basis for detecting metal foreign matters, and the foreign matter detection is conveniently and rapidly realized.
Therefore, in the implementation process, each access switch in the foreign matter detection coil array is controlled by the singlechip, and the foreign matter detection coil array is also provided with a resonant current frequency and amplitude detection circuit.
In addition, the present embodiment also provides a method for dynamically adjusting the response parameters of the foreign object detection module, as shown in fig. 5, including the following steps:
s1: manually checking whether the foreign matter exists according to a preset period, if the foreign matter exists, cleaning the foreign matter, then entering the step S2, and if the foreign matter does not exist, directly entering the step S2;
s2: adding excitation one by one;
s3: obtaining initial parameters of coil self-excitation, including self-oscillation frequency and current amplitude;
s4: the system initial parameters are recorded and updated, and then foreign matter detection is performed according to the updated data.
It can be seen that the working process of the invention is mainly divided into 4 stages, namely, manually determining whether foreign matters exist or not, exciting the single coils one by one, obtaining the initial parameters of self-excitation oscillation of each coil, namely, frequency f1 and amplitude A1, and recording and updating the initial parameters.
The first stage is to confirm that the charging area is free of foreign matters in an artificial way when the coil is initially placed in a new environment; the parameters can be updated through regular maintenance, so that the change of system parameters caused by circuit aging due to the service life is avoided; the second stage is to excite each detection coil one by one; the third stage is to obtain the initial self-excitation parameters of the detection coil through the second stage; and the fourth stage is to record and archive the parameters obtained in the third stage, and can realize parameter updating.
After the parameter update, the foreign object detection step may be performed according to the method shown in fig. 6, specifically as follows:
s41: the foreign matter detection coils are excited one by one;
s42: measuring and calculating self-oscillation frequency and current amplitude corresponding to each coil;
s43: judging whether the deviation between the current self-oscillation frequency or current amplitude and the initial parameters of the system exceeds a preset threshold value, if so, indicating that foreign matters exist, entering a normal charging state after cleaning, and if not, indicating that no foreign matters exist, and maintaining the normal charging state of the system.
It can be seen that the invention is directed to the process of initializing parameters, the working principle of which is briefly described as follows:
in order to achieve the resonance effect, the foreign matter detection coil is generally connected with a capacitor in parallel or in series to form an RC circuit. RC (resistor-capacitor)
The circuit has a self-exciting oscillation whose frequency and amplitude are related to the self-inductance and impedance of the coil, which changes when foreign matter is present in the detection coil. Therefore, the presence or absence of foreign matter can be determined by the change in the current frequency. Since the coil arrays are placed in the environment, such as on an equally large magnetic core, each coil is in a different location on the core and is affected differently, the initial self-exciting oscillation frequency of each coil is different after placement in the environment. Therefore, we need to initialize the self-excited oscillation frequency of each coil by: after the coils are placed in the environment, each coil is energized in turn, and then the initial frequency can be obtained after the measurement calculation, which is archived for subsequent work. Meanwhile, due to the influence of factors such as circuit aging and the like, the self-inductance of the coil can also change, and the accuracy and the stability of foreign matter detection can be ensured by periodically updating system parameters.
To demonstrate the applicability of the present invention, the following is described by discussing the effect of the positional offset of the coil and core in the lower left corner on system parameters. The specific simulation steps are as follows:
(1) The COMSOL simulation software is used for respectively simulating the self-inductance and the resistance of the coil without the magnetic core and with the foreign matters, the self-inductance and the resistance of the coil with the magnetic core covering the detection coil and with the foreign matters, the self-inductance and the resistance of the coil with the magnetic core shifting the detection coil by 10cm on the x axis, 10cm on the y axis and 10cm on the x axis and the y axis. The data obtained are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1COMSOL simulation coil inductance and resistance values
(2) Two identical self-excited oscillating circuits are built by Matlab, data under the conditions of foreign matters and no foreign matters are respectively brought into the circuits, and initial self-excited frequency parameters f1 of the coil and self-excited frequency parameters f2 of the coil when the foreign matters exist and the difference delta f=f1-f 2 between the two parameters can be obtained, wherein the values are shown in the following table:
TABLE 2 Current frequency when Matlab simulate the presence or absence of foreign matter
| Magnetic core position | f1(MHz) | f2(MHz) | Δf(kHZ) |
| Without any means for | 4 | 3.997 | 3 |
| Center of the stomach | 4.001 | 4 | -1 |
| x offset by 10cm | 4.002 | 4.033 | -31 |
| y is offset by 10cm | 3.994 | 4.001 | -7 |
| Offset by 10cm in x and y | 3.999 | 3.994 | -5 |
From the simulation data it can be seen that the initial self-exciting oscillation frequency is varied for different core positions. It is therefore necessary to perform an initial exchange of the self-exciting oscillation frequency parameter. And is available from Δf, a change in frequency can be used to detect foreign matter, and thus this scheme is possible.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. Foreign matter detection module based on self-oscillation, its characterized in that: comprising an exciting coil N p And a foreign matter detection coil array, the exciting coil N p Adopt DD coil structure form reverse collusion to set up in the first coil layer of loading board, foreign matter detection coil array set up in the second coil layer of loading board, and the projection of every foreign matter detection coil on vertical direction covers completely exciting coil N p Is a D-type coil of wire.
2. The self-oscillation-based foreign matter detection module of claim 1, wherein: the exciting coil N p And the foreign matter detection coils are all plane coils.
3. The self-oscillation-based foreign matter detection module of claim 1, wherein: the bearing plate is a PCB.
4. A self-oscillating foreign matter detection module according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the exciting coil N p And resistance R 5 Capacitance C 2 And diode VD 2 A first resonant circuit is formed, and the positive electrode of the power supply is connected with the switch tube VT through the first resonant circuit 1 The power supply positive electrode also passes through the resistor R 1 Connected to the switching tube VT 1 Base of (2), switching tube VT 1 Emitter pass resistance R 3 Connect with the negative pole of the power supply and pass through the resistor R 6 And diode VD 3 Feedback to the switching tube VT 1 A base of (2); switching tube VT 1 The base of (2) is also connected with a switch tube VT 2 Collector connection of (C) and switching tube VT 1 The emitter of (2) also passes through a resistor R 4 And a switching tube VT 2 Is connected with the base electrode of the switch tube VT 2 The emitter of the (C) is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply;
each foreign matter detection coil in the foreign matter detection coil array is connected with a switch in series and then connected with a resistor R 2 Capacitance C dc The second resonant circuit is connected to the switchTube VT 1 A diode VD is sequentially and positively connected between the two ends of the foreign matter detection coil array and between the base electrode of the power supply cathode 1 And capacitor C 4 。
5. The self-oscillation based foreign matter detection module of claim 4, wherein: a filter capacitor C is connected between the positive electrode of the power supply and the negative electrode of the power supply 1 。
6. The self-oscillation based foreign matter detection module of claim 4, wherein: in the first resonant circuit: capacitor C 2 Reverse series diode VD 2 And then with the exciting coil N p Form a parallel resonant circuit, a resistor R 5 Connected in parallel with capacitor C 2 And (3) upper part.
7. The self-oscillation based foreign matter detection module of claim 4, wherein: each access switch in the foreign matter detection coil array is controlled by a singlechip, and a resonant current frequency and amplitude detection circuit is also arranged on the foreign matter detection coil array.
8. A response parameter dynamic adjustment method for the foreign object detection module of any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
s1: manually checking whether the foreign matter exists according to a preset period, if the foreign matter exists, cleaning the foreign matter, then entering the step S2, and if the foreign matter does not exist, directly entering the step S2;
s2: adding excitation one by one;
s3: obtaining initial parameters of coil self-excitation, including self-oscillation frequency and current amplitude;
s4: the system initial parameters are recorded and updated, and then foreign matter detection is performed according to the updated data.
9. The method for dynamically adjusting a response parameter of a foreign object detection module according to claim 8, wherein the step of performing the foreign object detection is as follows:
s41: the foreign matter detection coils are excited one by one;
s42: measuring and calculating self-oscillation frequency and current amplitude corresponding to each coil;
s43: judging whether the deviation between the current self-oscillation frequency or current amplitude and the initial parameters of the system exceeds a preset threshold value, if so, indicating that foreign matters exist, entering a normal charging state after cleaning, and if not, indicating that no foreign matters exist, and maintaining the normal charging state of the system.
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