CN117233538A - Fault positioning method and system for power transmission line - Google Patents
Fault positioning method and system for power transmission line Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application provides a fault positioning method and system of a power transmission line, wherein the method comprises the steps of constructing a simulated power transmission line based on a real power transmission line, testing and calibrating the simulated power transmission line through the real power transmission line, introducing faults into the simulated power transmission line, collecting simulated fault data, taking the simulated fault data as a sample to train a fault positioning model, collecting instant fault data of the fault power transmission line when the power transmission line breaks down, and enabling the trained fault positioning model to position fault points of the fault power transmission line based on the instant fault data. According to the scheme, the problem of insufficient fault sample data is solved by means of the simulation line built and tested and calibrated based on the real line, the reliability of simulated fault data is guaranteed through consistency and similarity between the simulated transmission line and the real line, the fault positioning model obtained through simulated fault data training is utilized to realize automatic operation of a fault positioning process, and time required by fault positioning is shortened.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of fault positioning, and particularly relates to a fault positioning method and system for a power transmission line.
Background
Multiple types of line faults can inevitably occur in the operation of the power transmission line, and fault positioning refers to a technology for determining the position and the type of a fault point through collecting related data and analyzing and processing when the power transmission line breaks down. If the fault positioning is not timely and accurate enough, the stable operation of the power transmission line can be affected, the time and effort for manual searching are increased, the time for fault processing is prolonged, the efficiency of fault processing is reduced, the fault can be expanded and spread when serious, and the whole power transmission line is overhauled and maintained, so that the cost for fault processing is greatly increased.
Therefore, fault location of the power transmission line is an important task in operation and maintenance of the power system, and fault location is a feasible method through a fault data training model, however, due to the fact that the probability of occurrence of faults on a real power transmission line is not high, and multiple types of faults exist, if existing fault data are used as references for optimizing fault location technology, the problem that sufficient fault sample data are difficult to obtain can occur.
In the prior art, although the existing fault data can be subjected to data enhancement to obtain a sufficient number of samples, due to the fact that the types and scenes of faults of the power transmission line are very large, the mode can possibly cause the model to be excessively adaptive to certain types of faults in the learning process, and insufficient learning of other types of faults can not cover all fault types and scenes, adaptability and robustness of the model are limited, generalization capability of the model is affected, and accuracy and reliability of fault positioning of the model are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the application provides a fault positioning method of a power transmission line, which comprises the following steps:
building a simulated transmission line based on a real transmission line, and testing and calibrating the simulated transmission line through the real transmission line;
introducing faults into the simulated transmission line and collecting simulated fault data;
training a fault positioning model by taking the simulated fault data as a sample;
when the power transmission line fails, immediate fault data of the failed power transmission line are collected, so that the fault location model after training is used for locating the fault point of the failed power transmission line based on the immediate fault data.
Specifically, the testing and calibrating the simulated transmission line through the real transmission line includes:
verifying the topological structure and the line parameters of the simulated transmission line so as to enable the topological structure of the simulated transmission line to be consistent with the real transmission line, wherein the line parameters of the simulated transmission line are matched with the real transmission line;
testing the response characteristic of the simulation line so that the response characteristic of the simulation power transmission line is consistent with the real power transmission line;
and testing the fault simulation accuracy of the simulated power transmission line so that the fault simulation result of the simulated power transmission line is similar to the real power transmission line.
Further, the testing of the fault simulation accuracy of the simulated transmission line includes:
collecting real fault data of the real power transmission line, and setting corresponding fault conditions in the simulated power transmission line based on any real fault data; the real fault data comprise historical fault data of the real power transmission line and artificial manufactured test fault data;
operating the simulated transmission line, collecting simulated fault data, and comparing the simulated fault data with the real fault data;
and adjusting the simulated power transmission line based on the comparison result, and setting corresponding fault conditions in the simulated power transmission line again based on any different real fault data until the comparison result of continuous preset times meets the preset requirement.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
and acquiring the actual historical fault data of the power transmission line, and performing iterative training on the fault positioning model by taking the historical fault data as an additional sample after training the fault positioning model by taking the simulated fault data as a sample so as to complete the training on the fault positioning model.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
after determining the fault point of the fault transmission line, adding the fault point data of the fault transmission line into the instant fault data, and retraining the fault positioning model by taking the instant fault data as an additional sample.
Further, the method further comprises:
dividing a power transmission line into a plurality of different line categories;
when the simulated fault data is used as a sample to train the fault positioning model, determining the line type of the simulated power transmission line which is used as the source of the simulated fault data, and adding a label corresponding to the line type for the simulated fault data;
when the power transmission line fails, the line type of the failed power transmission line is obtained, and the fault positioning model adjusts and positions the strategy of fault points based on the line type of the failed power transmission line.
Specifically, the building of the simulated transmission line based on the real transmission line includes:
and acquiring data of a real power transmission line, determining a scale, and building the simulated power transmission line according to the scale based on the data of the real power transmission line.
Optionally, the simulated transmission line comprises a software simulated transmission line and a physical entity simulated transmission line.
The application also provides a fault positioning system of the power transmission line, which comprises:
the line construction module is used for constructing a simulated transmission line based on a real transmission line, and testing and calibrating the simulated transmission line through the real transmission line;
the fault simulation module is used for introducing faults in the simulated transmission line and collecting simulated fault data;
the simulation training module is used for taking the simulation fault data as a sample to train a fault positioning model;
the fault positioning module is used for collecting instant fault data of the fault transmission line when the transmission line fails, so that the fault positioning model for completing training positions the fault point of the fault transmission line based on the instant fault data.
The application also provides a fault positioning model which is obtained by training according to the fault positioning method of the power transmission line.
The application has at least the following beneficial effects:
according to the method, simulated fault data are obtained by constructing a simulated transmission line to train a fault positioning model, the number of samples is guaranteed, meanwhile, the fault positioning model cannot be excessively adaptive to certain types of faults in the learning process, more fault types and scenes can be covered, the reliability of the simulated fault data is guaranteed through testing and calibrating based on a real line, the adaptability, robustness and generalization capability of the fault positioning model are excellent, automatic fault positioning of the fault line can be achieved, and the fault positioning efficiency is greatly improved;
further, the simulation effect of the simulated transmission line can be ensured to be more accurate and reliable by calibrating and testing the topological structure, the line parameters and the response characteristics of the simulated transmission line and the real transmission line, the precision and the stability of a fault positioning model are improved, and the fault simulation accuracy of the simulated transmission line is improved by collecting fault data of the real transmission line, applying the fault data to the simulated transmission line and comparing the simulated fault data with the real fault data;
in addition, the scheme also carries out iterative training on the fault positioning model by using the historical fault data of the real power transmission line, acquires the actual fault data to retrain the fault positioning model after the actual fault occurs and is finished being checked, can add labels for the simulated fault data according to different line types, and adjusts the strategy for positioning the fault point based on the line type of the fault power transmission line, thereby further improving the accuracy and the robustness of the fault positioning model and enabling the fault positioning model to have certain pertinence and adaptability.
Therefore, the application provides a fault positioning method and system for a power transmission line, the problem of insufficient fault sample data is solved by means of a simulation line built and tested and calibrated based on a real line, the reliability of simulated fault data is ensured through consistency and similarity between the simulated power transmission line and the real line, the automatic operation of a fault positioning process is realized by using a fault positioning model obtained through training the simulated fault data, and the time required by fault positioning is reduced.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is an overall flow chart of a fault locating method of a power transmission line provided in embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of training a model and determining fault localization strategies based on line categories;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method of testing fault simulation accuracy of a simulated transmission line;
fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a fault location system of a power transmission line according to embodiment 2.
Reference numerals
10-a line building module; 11-a fault setting unit; 12-a data comparison unit; 13-a line adjustment unit; 20-a fault simulation module; 30-simulating a training module; 40-iterating the training module; 50-a fault location module; 60-retraining a module; 70-a category classification module; 80-a tag assignment module; 90-policy adjustment module.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
Hereinafter, various embodiments of the present application will be described more fully. The application is capable of various embodiments and of modifications and variations therein. However, it should be understood that: there is no intention to limit the various embodiments of the application to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but rather the application is to be understood to cover all modifications, equivalents, and/or alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the various embodiments of the application.
Hereinafter, the terms "comprises" or "comprising" as may be used in various embodiments of the present application indicate the presence of the disclosed functions, operations or elements, and are not limiting of the addition of one or more functions, operations or elements. Furthermore, as used in various embodiments of the application, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and their cognate terms are intended to refer to a particular feature, number, step, operation, element, component, or combination of the foregoing, and should not be interpreted as first excluding the existence of or increasing likelihood of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations of the foregoing.
In various embodiments of the application, the expression "or" at least one of a or/and B "includes any or all combinations of the words listed simultaneously. For example, the expression "a or B" or "at least one of a or/and B" may include a, may include B or may include both a and B.
Expressions (such as "first", "second", etc.) used in the various embodiments of the application may modify various constituent elements in the various embodiments, but the respective constituent elements may not be limited. For example, the above description does not limit the order and/or importance of the elements. The above description is only intended to distinguish one element from another element. For example, the first user device and the second user device indicate different user devices, although both are user devices. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of various embodiments of the present application.
It should be noted that: in the present application, unless explicitly specified and defined otherwise, terms such as "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; may be a communication between the interiors of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present application, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the terms indicating an orientation or a positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and simplicity of description, not to indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the application.
The terminology used in the various embodiments of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the various embodiments of the application. As used herein, the singular is intended to include the plural as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which various embodiments of the application belong. The terms (such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries) will be interpreted as having a meaning that is the same as the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein in connection with the various embodiments of the application.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a fault positioning method for a power transmission line, referring to fig. 1, the method includes:
s100: and constructing a simulated transmission line based on the real transmission line, and testing and calibrating the simulated transmission line through the real transmission line.
Specifically, the simulated transmission line may include a software simulated transmission line and a physical entity simulated transmission line, where the software simulated transmission line may be built based on corresponding electrical parameters, topological structures, and the like using power system simulation software such as PSCAD, EMTP, and the like;
it should be noted that, the PSCAD (Power System Computer Aided Design, computer aided design of a power system) is a professional software for simulating and analyzing a power system, and the PSCAD can simulate and analyze various phenomena in a power transmission line based on a time domain, including power transmission line faults, actions of a protection line, performance of the power transmission line, and the like, so that a complex power system can be quickly and accurately simulated to assist in optimizing the simulated power transmission line;
the EMTP (Electromagnetic Transients Program, electromagnetic transient program) is a computer simulation software for electromagnetic transient analysis of a power system, and can simulate and analyze various electromagnetic transient phenomena in a power transmission line, such as lightning overvoltage, switch operation overvoltage, short-circuit current, resonance, dynamic performance of the power transmission line and the like, and the EMTP can be also applied to simulate optimization of the power transmission line and research of protection and control strategies.
S200: and introducing faults into the simulated transmission line and collecting simulated fault data.
It should be noted that, in step S200, various types of faults, such as short circuit, open circuit, ground fault, etc., need to be manually introduced into the established simulated transmission line, and different fault conditions may be simulated by changing line parameters, such as voltage, resistance, fault location, fault type, etc.; after the fault is introduced, corresponding data such as voltage waveforms, current waveforms, fault positions, fault types and the like are recorded as simulated fault data.
In addition, when faults are introduced into the simulated transmission line and simulated fault data are collected, proper data collection equipment such as high-precision current transformers and voltage sensors are required to ensure that the collected simulated fault data have sufficient precision and accuracy.
S300: and training a fault positioning model by taking the simulated fault data as a sample.
S500: when the power transmission line fails, immediate fault data of the failed power transmission line are collected, so that a fault positioning model which completes training performs fault positioning on the failed power transmission line based on the immediate fault data.
It should be noted that, in the method provided in this embodiment, a plurality of corresponding simulated power transmission lines may be built based on a plurality of real power transmission lines to obtain samples with sufficient versatility, so that the fault location model obtained by training in this scheme may learn characteristics and location methods of a plurality of different fault types, and may be widely applied to fault location of various power transmission lines besides being applicable to fault location of a real power transmission line as a template thereof.
Preferably, the method provided by the embodiment may further train the model by acquiring historical fault data of the real power transmission line and using immediate fault data when the power transmission line fails, so that the method further includes:
s400: and performing iterative training on the fault positioning model by taking the historical fault data as an additional sample.
In a specific embodiment, the simulated fault data collected in the step S200 may be divided into a training data set and a verification data set, and the obtained historical fault data of the real power transmission line is used as a test data set to train a fault positioning model;
the training data set is used for training the fault location model, the verification data set is used for evaluating the performance of the fault location model to adjust and optimize, the test data set is used for evaluating the performance and generalization capability of the fault location model to reflect the performance of the fault location model in a real scene, and the test data set is used as a final evaluation index of the fault location model and can be used as a basis for judging whether the fault location model is trained or the model is further improved.
S600: after determining the fault point of the fault transmission line, adding the fault point data of the fault transmission line into the instant fault data, and retraining the fault positioning model by taking the instant fault data as an additional sample.
Step S400 is performed after step S300 is completed, and step S600 is performed after step S500 is completed.
It should be noted that, the simulated fault data collected in the step S200 and the historical fault data in the step S400 both include fault point data, while the immediate fault data collected in the step S500 does not include fault point data, and the fault point data added with the immediate fault data in the step S600 is not directly located through the step S500, but is obtained after specific and accurate investigation of the faulty transmission line; the fault point data includes at least fault location data and fault type data.
Preferably, the simulated fault data collected in step S200, the historical fault data obtained in step S400, and the immediate fault data added with fault point data in step S600 may be preprocessed, including filtering, denoising, data alignment, etc., before the fault location model is trained as a sample or an additional sample, so as to ensure quality and consistency of each fault data.
Preferably, referring to fig. 2, the fault locating method for a power transmission line according to the present embodiment further includes:
s700: the transmission lines are divided into a plurality of different line categories.
It should be noted that the line types of the power transmission line may be divided in various manners according to specific requirements, for example, when dividing according to voltage and current types, the line types of the power transmission line may include, but are not limited to, an ultra high voltage power transmission line, a High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) power transmission line, a High Voltage Alternating Current (HVAC) power transmission line, a medium voltage power transmission line, and a low voltage power transmission line;
while the line category of the power transmission line may include, but is not limited to, overhead power transmission lines, underground power transmission lines, submarine power transmission lines, wind power concentrated power transmission lines, and hybrid power transmission lines when divided by the structure, arrangement environment, and arrangement manner of the conductors.
S800: when the simulated fault data is used as a sample to train a fault positioning model, determining the line type of the simulated transmission line which is used as the source of the simulated fault data, and adding a label corresponding to the line type to the simulated fault data.
Specifically, by optimizing parameters of the fault location model, the fault location model can accurately map input simulated fault data to corresponding categories.
S900: when the power transmission line fails, the line type of the failed power transmission line is obtained, and the fault positioning model adjusts the strategy for positioning the fault point based on the line type of the failed power transmission line.
Therefore, through reasonable data preparation, feature selection and model training, the fault positioning effect of the fault positioning model on the real power transmission line can be optimized, and more reliable guarantee is provided for the safe operation of the power transmission line.
Preferably, when executing step S400 and step S600, corresponding labels are added to the real fault data according to the line type of the real power transmission line in the manner of S700-S900, and the fault positioning model is trained and retrained iteratively by the fault data after the labels are added.
Specifically, the building the simulated transmission line based on the real transmission line in step S100 may include:
and acquiring data of the real power transmission line, determining a scale, and constructing a simulated power transmission line according to the scale based on the data of the real power transmission line.
It should be noted that, the data of the real power transmission line obtained in the present embodiment includes, but is not limited to, data of length, height, material, pillar structure, wire type, and specification of the real power transmission line.
When the physical entity simulation transmission line is manufactured, a proper scale is required to be determined firstly so as to reduce the real transmission line to a proper size, meanwhile, the proportion relation and the characteristics of each part of the real transmission line are maintained, and the selection of the scale is required to be considered according to practical factors such as the size of available materials, manufacturing difficulty and the like. If the scale is too small, the details of the simulated transmission line may be insufficient and the simulation situation may be unrealistic; if the scale is too large, the simulated transmission line may be too large, and it is difficult to carry and collect data.
In this embodiment, the ratio of the physical entity simulation transmission line to the real transmission line is preferably 1:50-1:200.
Specifically, step S100 further includes a step of verifying and calibrating the simulated transmission line, when the physical entity simulated transmission line is constructed, it is necessary to make the conductive wire material used in the physical entity simulated transmission line have conductivity and resistance characteristics identical to or sufficiently similar to those of the actual transmission line, so as to simulate the situation of the actual transmission line as much as possible, and similarly, parameters such as the length, the sectional area, etc. of the conductive wire of the physical entity simulated transmission line should also be determined according to the corresponding parameters of the actual transmission line.
After the physical entity simulation power transmission line is built, a proper test instrument and a proper measurement device can be used for testing and measuring the physical entity simulation power transmission line, for example, a current value and a voltage value in a measurement model such as an ammeter, a voltmeter and the like are used for ensuring that current and voltage data in the model are similar to the actual situation of the actual power transmission line, and ensuring that the fault situation of the actual power transmission line is as close as possible when the physical entity simulation power transmission line is utilized for fault simulation, the test and calibration of the simulation power transmission line in the step S100 specifically can comprise:
verifying the topological structure and the line parameters of the simulated transmission line so that the topological structure of the simulated transmission line is consistent with the real transmission line, and the line parameters of the simulated transmission line are matched with the real transmission line;
testing response characteristics of the simulation line so as to enable the response characteristics of the simulation power transmission line to be consistent with those of the real power transmission line;
and testing the fault simulation accuracy of the simulated transmission line so as to enable the fault simulation result of the simulated transmission line to be similar to the real transmission line.
It should be noted that, the topology structure refers to a relationship between a connection mode of a power transmission line and nodes, and is mainly used for describing the layout and the connection mode of the power transmission line, including but not limited to a starting point and an ending point of the line and a connection relationship between each node;
the response characteristic is the change characteristic of the current parameter when the power transmission line changes, for example, when the voltage of the power transmission line is regulated, the response characteristic of the simulation line is tested and calibrated, so that the difference between the simulation data of the power transmission line and the real power transmission line data can be reduced, and the accuracy of the simulation fault data in simulating the real power transmission line fault condition is improved.
Specifically, referring to fig. 3, the method for testing fault simulation accuracy of a simulated transmission line includes:
s110: and collecting real fault data of the real power transmission line, and setting corresponding fault conditions in the simulated power transmission line based on any real fault data.
It should be noted that, the real fault data of the real power transmission line may include historical fault data of the real power transmission line and test fault data manufactured by man, and there are various ways of manufacturing the fault by man and obtaining the test fault data, for example, short circuit and open circuit are specially performed at a certain position of the power transmission line to obtain the fault data thereof.
S120: and running the simulated transmission line and collecting simulated fault data, and comparing the simulated fault data with real fault data.
It should be noted that, the content of the comparison between the simulated fault data and the actual fault data may include a plurality of indexes including the fault type, the fault location, the fault time, and the like.
S130: and adjusting the simulated transmission line based on the comparison result, and setting corresponding fault conditions in the simulated transmission line again based on any different real fault data until the comparison result of the continuous preset times meets the preset requirement.
The purpose of adjusting the analog power transmission line based on the comparison result is to continuously adjust and optimize the analog power transmission line, and the aspect of the analog power transmission line, which needs to be adjusted, can be determined through analysis of the comparison result. For example, when a deviation exists in the occurrence time of the fault, the time parameter or the event triggering mechanism in the simulated transmission line can be adjusted; when the position error of the fault point is larger, the line transmission parameters and the line segmentation parameters in the analog transmission line can be adjusted.
In a specific embodiment, whether the comparison result meets the preset requirement or not can be judged by setting a preset threshold, specifically, if the comparison difference value between the simulated fault data and the real fault data is within the preset threshold range, the comparison result is judged to meet the preset requirement, otherwise, the comparison result is judged not to meet the preset requirement;
for example, when the preset times are set to three times, if the comparison results of three consecutive times all meet the preset requirement, the fault simulation result of the simulated power transmission line can be considered to be close enough to the real power transmission line, that is, the test of the fault simulation accuracy of the simulated power transmission line is completed.
Preferably, after the construction of the simulated transmission line, in particular the physical entity simulated transmission line, the simulated transmission line may be periodically checked and calibrated, i.e. the operations of steps S110-S130 are periodically performed, to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the simulated transmission line.
Example 2
The present embodiment proposes a fault location system for a power transmission line, for implementing the method proposed in embodiment 1, referring to fig. 4, where the system includes:
the line construction module 10 is used for constructing a simulated transmission line based on a real transmission line, and testing and calibrating the simulated transmission line through the real transmission line;
a fault simulation module 20 for introducing a fault in the simulated transmission line and collecting simulated fault data;
a simulation training module 30 for training a fault localization model using the simulated fault data as a sample;
the fault locating module 50 is configured to collect immediate fault data of a faulty power transmission line when the power transmission line fails, and enable the trained fault locating model to locate a fault point of the faulty power transmission line based on the immediate fault data.
Preferably, the system further comprises:
the iterative training module 40 is configured to obtain historical fault data of the real power transmission line, and perform iterative training on the fault location model by using the historical fault data as an additional sample;
the retraining module 60 is configured to add the fault point data of the faulty transmission line to the immediate fault data after determining the fault point of the faulty transmission line, and retrain the fault location model by using the immediate fault data as an additional sample.
In a specific embodiment, the simulated fault data collected in the fault simulation module 20 may be divided into a training data set and a verification data set, and the historical fault data of the real power transmission line obtained by the iterative training module 40 is used as a test data set to train the fault location model;
the training data set is used for training the fault location model, the verification data set is used for evaluating the performance of the fault location model to adjust and optimize, the test data set is used for evaluating the performance and generalization capability of the fault location model to reflect the performance of the fault location model in a real scene, and the test data set is used as a final evaluation index of the fault location model and can be used as a basis for judging whether the fault location model is trained or the model is further improved.
It should be noted that, the simulated fault data collected in the fault simulation module 20 and the historical fault data collected by the iterative training module 40 all include fault point data, while the immediate fault data collected in the fault positioning module 50 does not include fault point data, and the fault point data added with the immediate fault data in the retraining module 60 is not directly positioned by the fault positioning module 50, but is obtained after specific and accurate troubleshooting of the fault transmission line; the fault point data includes at least fault location data and fault type data.
Preferably, the fault location system for a power transmission line provided in this embodiment further includes:
a category classification module 70, configured to classify the transmission line into a plurality of different line categories;
the tag giving module 80 is configured to determine a line class of the simulated power transmission line from which the simulated fault data originates when the simulated fault data is used as a sample to train the fault location model, and add a tag corresponding to the line class to the simulated fault data;
the policy adjustment module 90 is configured to obtain a line class of the failed power transmission line when the power transmission line fails, and enable the fault location model to adjust a policy for locating a fault point based on the line class of the failed power transmission line.
Preferably, the label assigning module 80 can add a line type label to the historical fault data collected by the iterative training module 40 and the immediate fault data added with the fault point data by the retraining module 60 in addition to adding a line type label to the simulated fault data collected by the fault simulation module 20, so that the fault location model can perform iterative training and retraining by the fault data added with the label.
Specifically, the testing and calibration of the simulated transmission line in the step performed by the line construction module 10 may specifically include:
verifying the topological structure and the line parameters of the simulated transmission line so that the topological structure of the simulated transmission line is consistent with the real transmission line, and the line parameters of the simulated transmission line are matched with the real transmission line;
testing response characteristics of the simulation line so as to enable the response characteristics of the simulation power transmission line to be consistent with those of the real power transmission line;
and testing the fault simulation accuracy of the simulated transmission line so as to enable the fault simulation result of the simulated transmission line to be similar to the real transmission line.
Thus, further, the line construction module 10 comprises:
a fault setting unit 11, configured to collect real fault data of a real power transmission line, and set a corresponding fault condition in the simulated power transmission line based on any real fault data;
a data comparison unit 12, configured to run the simulated transmission line and collect simulated fault data, and compare the simulated fault data with real fault data;
the line adjusting unit 13 is configured to adjust the simulated power transmission line based on the comparison result of the data comparing unit 12, and set a corresponding fault condition in the simulated power transmission line based on any one of different real fault data again, until the comparison result of the continuous preset times meets the preset requirement.
The purpose of adjusting the analog power transmission line based on the comparison result of the data comparison unit 12 is to continuously adjust and optimize the analog power transmission line, and through analysis of the comparison result, an aspect of the analog power transmission line that needs to be adjusted can be determined. For example, when a deviation exists in the occurrence time of the fault, the time parameter or the event triggering mechanism in the simulated transmission line can be adjusted; when the position error of the fault point is larger, the line transmission parameters and the line segmentation parameters in the analog transmission line can be adjusted.
In a specific embodiment, whether the comparison result meets the preset requirement can be judged by setting a preset threshold value in the data comparison unit 12, specifically, if the comparison difference value between the simulated fault data and the actual fault data is within the preset threshold value range, the data comparison unit 12 judges that the comparison result meets the preset requirement, otherwise, the comparison result is judged not to meet the preset requirement;
for example, when the preset times are set to three times, if the comparison results of three consecutive times all meet the preset requirement, the fault simulation result of the simulated power transmission line can be considered to be close enough to the real power transmission line, that is, the test of the fault simulation accuracy of the simulated power transmission line is completed.
Preferably, after the construction of the simulated transmission line, in particular the physical entity simulated transmission line, the simulated transmission line may be periodically checked and calibrated, i.e. the fault setting unit 11, the data comparison unit 12 and the line adjustment unit 13 are periodically caused to perform the steps to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the simulated transmission line.
Example 3
The present embodiment proposes a fault location model that is trained according to the fault location method of the power transmission line proposed in embodiment 1.
In summary, the application provides a fault positioning method and system for a power transmission line, which solve the problem of insufficient fault sample data by means of a simulation line built and tested and calibrated based on a real line, ensure the reliability of simulated fault data by simulating the consistency and similarity between the power transmission line and the real line, realize the automatic operation of a fault positioning process by using a fault positioning model obtained by training the simulated fault data, and reduce the time required by fault positioning.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the application is not intended to limit the application to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the application are intended to be included within the scope of the application.
Claims (10)
1. A fault locating method for a power transmission line, the method comprising:
building a simulated transmission line based on a real transmission line, and testing and calibrating the simulated transmission line through the real transmission line;
introducing faults into the simulated transmission line and collecting simulated fault data;
training a fault positioning model by taking the simulated fault data as a sample;
when the power transmission line fails, immediate fault data of the failed power transmission line are collected, so that the fault location model after training is used for locating the fault point of the failed power transmission line based on the immediate fault data.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said testing and calibrating the simulated transmission line through the real transmission line comprises:
verifying the topological structure and the line parameters of the simulated transmission line so as to enable the topological structure of the simulated transmission line to be consistent with the real transmission line, wherein the line parameters of the simulated transmission line are matched with the real transmission line;
testing the response characteristic of the simulation line so that the response characteristic of the simulation power transmission line is consistent with the real power transmission line;
and testing the fault simulation accuracy of the simulated power transmission line so that the fault simulation result of the simulated power transmission line is similar to the real power transmission line.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein said testing fault simulation accuracy of said simulated transmission line comprises:
collecting real fault data of the real power transmission line, and setting corresponding fault conditions in the simulated power transmission line based on any real fault data; the real fault data comprise historical fault data of the real power transmission line and artificial manufactured test fault data;
operating the simulated transmission line, collecting simulated fault data, and comparing the simulated fault data with the real fault data;
and adjusting the simulated power transmission line based on the comparison result, and setting corresponding fault conditions in the simulated power transmission line again based on any different real fault data until the comparison result of continuous preset times meets the preset requirement.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
and acquiring the actual historical fault data of the power transmission line, and performing iterative training on the fault positioning model by taking the historical fault data as an additional sample after training the fault positioning model by taking the simulated fault data as a sample so as to complete the training on the fault positioning model.
5. The method according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the method further comprises:
after determining the fault point of the fault transmission line, adding the fault point data of the fault transmission line into the instant fault data, and retraining the fault positioning model by taking the instant fault data as an additional sample.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
dividing a power transmission line into a plurality of different line categories;
when the simulated fault data is used as a sample to train the fault positioning model, determining the line type of the simulated power transmission line which is used as the source of the simulated fault data, and adding a label corresponding to the line type for the simulated fault data;
when the power transmission line fails, the line type of the failed power transmission line is obtained, and the fault positioning model adjusts and positions the strategy of fault points based on the line type of the failed power transmission line.
7. A method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the building of the simulated transmission line based on the real transmission line comprises:
and acquiring data of a real power transmission line, determining a scale, and building the simulated power transmission line according to the scale based on the data of the real power transmission line.
8. A method according to any of claims 1-3, wherein the simulated transmission line comprises a software simulated transmission line and a physical entity simulated transmission line.
9. A fault location system for a power transmission line, the system comprising:
the line construction module is used for constructing a simulated transmission line based on a real transmission line, and testing and calibrating the simulated transmission line through the real transmission line;
the fault simulation module is used for introducing faults in the simulated transmission line and collecting simulated fault data;
the simulation training module is used for taking the simulation fault data as a sample to train a fault positioning model;
the fault positioning module is used for collecting instant fault data of the fault transmission line when the transmission line fails, so that the fault positioning model for completing training positions the fault point of the fault transmission line based on the instant fault data.
10. A fault localization model characterized in that it is trained according to the method of any one of claims 1-8.
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