CN117232654A - Image space telecentric polarization spectrum imaging system and method - Google Patents
Image space telecentric polarization spectrum imaging system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117232654A CN117232654A CN202311051286.1A CN202311051286A CN117232654A CN 117232654 A CN117232654 A CN 117232654A CN 202311051286 A CN202311051286 A CN 202311051286A CN 117232654 A CN117232654 A CN 117232654A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an image space telecentric polarization spectrum imaging system and a method, wherein the system comprises the following steps: an aperture stop AS for constructing an image side telecentric optical path; the imaging lens group IL is used for converging incident light rays to the pixel-level mosaic spectrum filter; the spectrum filter CVF is used for transmitting light rays of a specific spectrum band; the imaging lens group II is used for converging incident light rays to the micro-polarization array; a micro-polarization array MPA for polarizing incident light and generating light rays of different polarization states; a focal plane array FPA for imaging incident light. The system has the functions of images and videos, has a simple structure, is easy to miniaturize and lighten, and has important application value in the fields of target detection, target detection and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vibration spectrum imaging, and relates to an image space telecentric polarization spectrum imaging system and method.
Background
The intensity characteristic, the spectral characteristic and the polarization characteristic are basic characteristics of light, and have important significance in various fields of aerospace, industrial detection and the like, and simultaneously acquiring the spatial light intensity distribution, the spectrum and the polarization information of a target and a background. The conventional optical imaging system can acquire the space light intensity distribution information, the spectral imaging system can acquire the space light intensity distribution and the spectral information at the same time, the polarization imaging system can acquire the space light intensity distribution information and the polarization information of a target and a background at the same time, and the polarization spectral imaging system can acquire the space light intensity distribution, the spectrum and the polarization information at the same time, so that the imaging information quantity is greatly improved, and important data support is provided for applications such as target detection. At present, a typical polarization spectrum imaging system has various types of time-sharing type, aperture-division type, spectrum modulation type and the like, wherein the time-sharing type generally obtains polarization information through the control of a polarization component, and the problem of asynchronous time for obtaining the polarization information exists; the aperture separation type optical system generally needs to be provided with a plurality of optical channels to acquire polarization information, and has the problems of large volume, heavy weight, complex installation and adjustment and the like; the spectrum modulation type usually needs to perform interference modulation on information and then demodulate the information, and has the problem of complex data processing process and the like. Therefore, how to design a small-sized and light-weight system, and to directly obtain the polarization spectrum information of the target at the same time is an important technical problem.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: an image-side telecentric polarization spectral imaging system, the system comprising:
an aperture stop AS for constructing an image side telecentric optical path;
the imaging lens group IL is used for converging incident light rays to the pixel-level mosaic spectrum filter;
the spectrum filter CVF is used for transmitting light rays of a specific spectrum band;
the imaging lens group II is used for converging incident light rays to the micro-polarization array;
a micro-polarization array MPA for polarizing incident light and generating light rays of different polarization states;
a focal plane array FPA for imaging incident light.
An aperture diaphragm AS, an imaging lens group I IL, a spectrum filter CVF, an imaging lens group II IL, a micro polarization array MPA and a focal plane array FPA are sequentially arranged along the light ray direction.
Further, the centers of the aperture stop AS, the imaging lens group one IL, the spectral filter CVF, the imaging lens group two IL, the micro polarization array MPA, and the focal plane array FPA are on the same axis.
Based on the imaging method based on the image-space telecentric polarization spectrum imaging system, the method comprises the following steps:
step one, incident light I passes through an aperture stop AS placed on an IL object focal plane of an imaging lens group;
step two, emergent rays of the aperture diaphragm AS are incident on an imaging lens group I IL;
step three, converging the IL emergent light of the imaging lens group to a pixel-level mosaic spectrum filter CVF with the channel number of n being n, wherein n is the spectrum channel number of the pixel-level mosaic spectrum filter, each channel is one pixel, and the size of each pixel is c;
step four, the outgoing light of the pixel-level mosaic spectrum filter CVF is incident to the imaging lens group II;
step five, converging the emergent light of the second IL of the imaging lens group onto a micro-polarization array MPA comprising 4 polarization states of 0 degrees, 45 degrees, 90 degrees and 135 degrees, wherein the size of each pixel is b;
and step six, imaging the emergent light of the micro-polarization array MPA on a focal plane array FPA with the pixel size of a to obtain a t-n-4 polarized spectrum image.
The invention develops an image space telecentric polarization spectrum imaging method and system research, combines an aperture diaphragm, an imaging lens group, a pixel-level mosaic spectrum filter, a micro-polarization array and a focal plane array, and simultaneously acquires multi-polarization spectrum image information.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a picture element level mosaic spectral filter CVF;
FIG. 2 is a micro-polarizing array MPA;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an image-side telecentric polarization spectroscopy imaging system;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an embodiment of an image-side telecentric polarization spectral imaging method;
fig. 5 is a picture element level mosaic spectral filter CVF with a picture element size of c=8μm×8μm;
fig. 6 is a micro polarization array MPA with a size of b=4μm×4μm for each pixel.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other, and the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless it is specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be clear that the dimensions of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the azimuth or positional relationships indicated by the azimuth terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal", and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the azimuth or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and simplify the description, and these azimuth terms do not indicate and imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific azimuth or be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention: the orientation word "inner and outer" refers to inner and outer relative to the contour of the respective component itself.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "upper surface at … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial location relative to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to define the components, and are only for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meaning unless otherwise stated, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a picture element level mosaic spectral filter CVF;
FIG. 2 is a micro-polarizing array MPA;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an image-side telecentric polarization spectroscopy imaging system;
an image-side telecentric polarization spectral imaging system, the system comprising:
an aperture stop AS for constructing an image side telecentric optical path;
the imaging lens group IL is used for converging incident light rays to the pixel-level mosaic spectrum filter; the first imaging lens group is designed to collect light rays by designing various lens combinations, and the design method is also many, but in the patent, the lens group can be collected only by the method, and the specific method is determined according to the actual situation
The spectrum filter CVF is used for transmitting light rays of a specific spectrum band;
the imaging lens group II is used for converging incident light rays to the micro-polarization array;
a micro-polarization array MPA for polarizing incident light and generating light rays of different polarization states;
a focal plane array FPA for imaging incident light.
An aperture diaphragm AS, an imaging lens group I IL, a spectrum filter CVF, an imaging lens group II IL, a micro polarization array MPA and a focal plane array FPA are sequentially arranged along the light ray direction.
The centers of the aperture diaphragm AS, the first imaging lens group IL, the spectral filter CVF, the second imaging lens group IL, the micro-polarization array MPA and the focal plane array FPA are on the same axis;
the incident light beam passes through an aperture diaphragm AS placed on an object focal plane of the imaging lens group, passes through an imaging lens group I IL1, passes through a pixel-level mosaic spectrum filter CVF and an imaging lens group II IL2, is converged to a micro-polarization array MPA, and is imaged on a focal plane array FPA.
Wherein: the incident modes of light rays under different imaging scenes are different, the light rays can enter an image space telecentric polarization spectrum imaging system to image through various modes such AS a beam shrinking lens group, secondary imaging and the like after the incident of the light rays, and no matter what mode the aperture diaphragm AS is used for adjusting the light beams, the modes such AS the beam shrinking lens group, the secondary imaging and the like are all in the protection scope of the patent.
Light rays are incident in parallel in different imaging scenes including, for example, in a telescope;
in an imaging scene such as a microscope, light rays are incident of divergent light and the like;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an embodiment of an image-side telecentric polarization spectral imaging method;
based on the imaging method based on the image-space telecentric polarization spectrum imaging system, the method comprises the following steps:
step one, incident light I passes through an aperture stop AS placed on an IL object focal plane of an imaging lens group;
step two, emergent rays of the aperture diaphragm AS are incident on an imaging lens group I IL;
step three, converging the IL emergent light of the imaging lens group to a pixel-level mosaic spectrum filter CVF with the channel number of n being n, wherein n is the spectrum channel number of the pixel-level mosaic spectrum filter, each channel is one pixel, and the size of each pixel is c;
step four, the outgoing light of the pixel-level mosaic spectrum filter CVF is incident to the imaging lens group II;
step five, converging the emergent light of the second IL of the imaging lens group onto a micro-polarization array MPA comprising 4 polarization states of 0 degrees, 45 degrees, 90 degrees and 135 degrees, wherein the size of each pixel is b;
and step six, imaging the emergent light of the micro-polarization array MPA on a focal plane array FPA with the pixel size of a to obtain a t-n-4 polarized spectrum image.
Example 1: an imaging method based on an image space telecentric polarization spectrum imaging system, the method comprising the following steps:
step one, incident light I passes through an aperture stop AS placed on an object focal plane of an imaging lens group;
step two, emergent rays of the aperture diaphragm AS are incident on an imaging lens group I IL;
step three, converging an IL-emergent ray of the imaging lens group onto a pixel-level mosaic spectral filter CVF (shown in fig. 5) with a channel number of n×n= 4*4 =16, one pixel per channel, and a pixel size of c×c=8μm×8μm;
step four, the outgoing light of the pixel-level mosaic spectrum filter CVF is incident to the imaging lens group II;
step five, converging the two IL emergent rays of the imaging lens group onto a micro-polarization array MPA (shown in fig. 6) comprising 4 polarization states of 0 °, 45 °, 90 °, 135 ° (wherein each 2×2 pixels are a group of polarization states), and each pixel size b×b=4μm×4μm (wherein b=4μm is 1/2 of the pixel-level mosaic-type hyperspectral filter pixel size c=8μm, i.e. c=t×2b, t=1);
step six, the micro polarization array MPA emits light with a pixel size of a=4μm×4μm (where a=4μm micro polarization array pixel size b=4μm, i.e., b=k×a, k=1), a group of polarized spectral images of tn4=ttn4=1x4x4=64 is obtained.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. An image space telecentric polarization spectrum imaging system, characterized in that: the system comprises:
an aperture stop AS for constructing an image side telecentric optical path;
the imaging lens group IL is used for converging incident light rays to the pixel-level mosaic spectrum filter;
the spectrum filter CVF is used for transmitting light rays of a specific spectrum band;
the imaging lens group II is used for converging incident light rays to the micro-polarization array;
a micro-polarization array MPA for polarizing incident light and generating light rays of different polarization states;
a focal plane array FPA for imaging incident light.
An aperture diaphragm AS, an imaging lens group I IL, a spectrum filter CVF, an imaging lens group II IL, a micro polarization array MPA and a focal plane array FPA are sequentially arranged along the light ray direction.
2. An image side-telecentric polarization spectroscopy imaging system according to claim 1, wherein: the centers of the aperture diaphragm AS, the first imaging lens group IL, the spectral filter CVF, the second imaging lens group IL, the micro-polarization array MPA and the focal plane array FPA are on the same axis.
3. An imaging method based on an image-space telecentric polarization spectrum imaging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, incident light I passes through an aperture stop AS placed on an IL object focal plane of an imaging lens group;
step two, emergent rays of the aperture diaphragm AS are incident on an imaging lens group I IL;
step three, converging the IL emergent light of the imaging lens group to a pixel-level mosaic spectrum filter CVF with the channel number of n being n, wherein n is the spectrum channel number of the pixel-level mosaic spectrum filter, each channel is one pixel, and the size of each pixel is c;
step four, the outgoing light of the pixel-level mosaic spectrum filter CVF is incident to the imaging lens group II;
step five, converging the emergent light of the second IL of the imaging lens group onto a micro-polarization array MPA comprising 4 polarization states of 0 degrees, 45 degrees, 90 degrees and 135 degrees, wherein the size of each pixel is b;
and step six, imaging the emergent light of the micro-polarization array MPA on a focal plane array FPA with the pixel size of a to obtain a t-n-4 polarized spectrum image.
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