CN117227137B - Plastic extruder and application method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a plastic extruder and a use method thereof, belonging to the field of plastic production, and comprising a machine body, a shell arranged on the machine body, a screw rod, an extrusion driving mechanism and an extrusion head arranged at the other end of the shell and communicated with the shell, wherein one end of the shell far away from the extrusion head is provided with a feeding device communicated with the shell, and the plastic extruder is characterized in that: the shell is of an open-close type structure, and the feeding equipment is of a lifting rotary type structure; the shell comprises a left half shell and a right half shell, the bottom ends of the left half shell and the right half shell are vertically and rotatably connected with the top end of the machine body, the opposite sides of the left half shell and the right half shell are in sealing connection, and the opposite sides of the left half shell and the right half shell are connected with the opening and closing driving mechanism; the feeding equipment comprises a feeding cylinder communicated with the shell and a lifting and rotating driving mechanism connected with the feeding cylinder. According to the plastic extruder and the application method thereof, the shell can be quickly opened during maintenance by arranging the open-close type shell and the lifting rotary type feeding equipment, so that the maintenance efficiency is improved.

Description

Plastic extruder and application method thereof

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of plastic production, in particular to a plastic extruder and a using method thereof.

Background

The existing extrusion equipment is divided into two major types, namely a screw extruder and a plunger type extruder, wherein the screw extruder is of a continuous extrusion structure, and materials can be plasticized and uniformly mixed by means of pressure and shearing force generated by rotation of a screw, and then are molded by an extrusion head.

For example:

CN202310585349.5 discloses a horizontal screw extruder structure, which comprises two groups of extruder barrel units which are arranged on a horizontal bottom plate and are in linear butt joint distribution, extrusion screws are correspondingly arranged in the extruder barrel units, the two groups of extruder barrel units after butt joint form a complete barrel with a through middle part and the extrusion screws inside the complete barrel are oppositely arranged, and a discharge space is reserved between the two groups of extrusion screws; the discharge port is arranged on the complete cylinder body opposite to the discharge space, one side of the complete cylinder body, opposite to the discharge direction of the discharge port, is also provided with a group of discharge screws with discharge blades, the discharge screws are driven by a discharge motor and extend to the discharge port, when the discharge port is connected with other directions for discharging, the discharge screws are started to rotate, and the materials conveyed by the extrusion screws to the point are used for steering in the output direction before exiting the extruder.

CN201721058684.6 discloses a precise double-screw extruder, which comprises a frame, a machine barrel is arranged on the frame, the machine barrel consists of a plurality of barrel bodies, the cylinder is internally provided with an 'infinity' type screw groove, the cylinder is internally provided with two parallel screws, and a plurality of threaded elements are sleeved on the screws. The size of each cylinder is smaller, and the size precision is easy to achieve during processing; the dimensional accuracy of single screw thread component is easy to reach when processing, therefore the precision is higher on the whole, and screw thread component and barrel inner wall's clearance is littleer, and during the material processing, material hourglass flows and material remains less, is favorable to improving production efficiency.

CN201020530272.X discloses a double-screw extruder, and it includes motor, the barrel of sectional structure and establishes the screw rod in the barrel, establishes the feeding machine of carrying material to the barrel on the barrel, its characterized in that, the motor links to each other with high-power transmission case, high-power transmission case's output shaft with the syntropy double-screw connection in the barrel. The processing and assembling precision of the extruder is greatly improved, the high-power transmission case and the safety coupling are adopted, the operation stability is high, the failure rate is extremely low, the performance of processed products is effectively improved, the output of the same-size factory building and the same number of operators can be doubled, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.

It is known that the conventional extruder has the following problems:

1. the existing shell is directly covered on the outer side of the screw and is fixed on the machine body, when the inside fails, the whole shell needs to be detached, the maintenance time is long, and the normal operation of production is influenced;

2. most materials advance synchronously under the action of extrusion force of a screw, so that the problem of uneven mixing exists;

3. due to the lack of the blocking structure, unheated and melted materials are easy to be conveyed to the extrusion head under the drive of the screw rod, so that the extrusion head is clamped, and the subsequent use of the extruder is affected.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the utility model provides the plastic extruder and the application method thereof, and the shell can be quickly opened during maintenance by arranging the open-close shell and the lifting rotary type feeding equipment, so that the maintenance efficiency is improved.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a plastic extruder, which comprises a machine body, a shell arranged on the machine body, a screw rod arranged in the shell, an extrusion driving mechanism arranged at one end of the shell and used for driving the screw rod to rotate, an extrusion head arranged at the other end of the shell and communicated with the shell, a feeding device communicated with the shell and arranged at one end of the shell far away from the extrusion head, wherein the shell is of an open-close type structure, and the feeding device is of a lifting rotary type structure;

the shell comprises a left half shell and a right half shell, the bottom ends of the left half shell and the right half shell are vertically and rotatably connected with the top end of the machine body, the opposite sides of the left half shell and the right half shell are in sealing connection, and the opposite sides of the left half shell and the right half shell are connected with the opening and closing driving mechanism;

the feeding equipment comprises a feeding cylinder communicated with the shell and a lifting and rotating driving mechanism connected with the feeding cylinder.

Preferably, the opening and closing driving mechanism comprises an opening and closing driving cylinder fixed in the machine body, a vertical sliding block connected with the output end of the opening and closing driving cylinder, a left driving connecting rod and a right driving connecting rod, a left driving disc and a right driving disc, wherein one end of the left driving connecting rod and one end of the right driving connecting rod are vertically and rotationally connected with the symmetrical positions of the vertical sliding block, the left driving disc and the right driving disc are respectively and vertically rotationally connected with the other end of the left driving connecting rod and the other end of the right driving connecting rod, and one end of the left driving connecting rod and one end of the right driving connecting rod are respectively and vertically rotationally connected with the left half shell and the right half shell;

the left driving disc and the right driving disc are also vertically and rotatably connected with the inside of the machine body.

Preferably, the bottom limit switch and the top limit switch are respectively arranged at the upper and lower positions inside the machine body and corresponding to the vertical sliding blocks, the bottom limit switch and the top limit switch are connected with the input end of the controller, and the output end of the controller is connected with the electromagnetic switch valve for controlling the opening and closing driving cylinder to open and stop.

Preferably, one end of the left half shell far away from the extrusion head is connected with one end of the right half shell far away from the extrusion head through a manual closing assembly, the manual closing assembly comprises a left positioning ring and a right positioning ring which are respectively fixed at the end part of the left half shell and the end part of the right half shell, the top end of the left positioning ring and the top end of the right positioning ring are respectively provided with an arc positioning groove, the arc positioning groove is clamped with an arc positioning block, and one end of the arc positioning block, which is away from the arc positioning groove, is connected with the left half shell or the right half shell through a compression spring.

Preferably, the lifting rotary driving mechanism comprises a base, a protective shell fixed at the top end of the base, a vertical worm with the bottom end penetrating into the protective shell, a worm wheel meshed with the vertical worm penetrating into the protective shell, and a lifting rotary driving motor connected with the worm wheel through a chain wheel and a chain;

the top end of the vertical worm extends out of the protective shell and is connected with the feeding cylinder through the transverse supporting rod after extending out of the protective shell;

the top end inner wall of the protective housing is provided with a plurality of balls in a rotating mode at positions corresponding to the vertical worms, and the balls are arranged around the vertical worms and in rolling contact with the vertical worms.

Preferably, the feeding barrel comprises a top horn barrel, a sealing cover fixed at the top end of the top horn barrel, a straight barrel fixed at the bottom end of the top horn barrel and a stirring assembly rotatably arranged in the feeding barrel, and the bottom end of the straight barrel is communicated with the shell;

the stirring assembly comprises a stirring driving motor fixed at the top end of the sealing cover, an output shaft of the stirring driving motor stretches into the feeding cylinder and then is connected with a stirring shaft, one side of a scraping arm plate is connected to the stirring shaft at a position corresponding to the top end horn cylinder through a transverse connecting rod, the other side of the scraping arm plate is attached to the inner wall of the top end horn cylinder, and a blanking screw is fixed to the stirring shaft at a position corresponding to the straight tube cylinder;

a plurality of feeding holes which are arranged in an annular array are formed in the sealing cover;

the sealing cover is fixedly connected with the transverse connecting rod.

Preferably, the inside direction that just corresponds the material and advance of shell divide into feed section, heating section and pressurization section in proper order, and the inside position that just corresponds the heating section of shell is fixed with the heater strip, and the one end that just corresponds the heating section and be close to the feed section on the shell inner wall is fixed with and hinders the material ring, hinders the outer wall of material ring and the inner wall fixed connection of shell, hinders and leaves the material passageway between the inner wall of material ring and the screw rod, and the size of material passageway is less than the size of material.

Preferably, the extrusion driving mechanism comprises a machine base, and a shaking unit and an extrusion driving unit which are arranged on the machine base, wherein the shaking unit comprises a shaking driving motor, a first transmission connecting rod, and a second transmission connecting rod, wherein one end of the first transmission connecting rod is vertically and rotatably connected with the output end of the shaking driving motor, and the second transmission connecting rod is vertically and rotatably connected with the other end of the first transmission connecting rod;

the extrusion driving unit comprises a mounting plate and an extrusion driving motor, wherein the mounting plate is vertically and rotatably connected with one end of the second transmission connecting rod far away from the first transmission connecting rod, the extrusion driving motor is fixed on the mounting plate, the extrusion driving motor is connected with one end of the screw rod penetrating out of the shell, and the screw rod is horizontally and slidably connected with a positioning ring sleeve formed by a left positioning ring and a right positioning ring through a linear bearing;

the mounting plate is horizontally and slidably connected with the machine base.

Preferably, the opposite sides of the left half shell and the right half shell are provided with sealing grooves which are arranged in a staggered way, and sealing rubber strips are fixed in the sealing grooves;

a laser sensor is fixed on the machine body and corresponds to the position of the transverse supporting rod, the laser sensor is connected with the input end of the controller, and the output end of the controller is connected with the lifting rotary driving motor.

A method of using a plastic extruder comprising the steps of:

s1, assembling:

s11, opening a lifting rotary driving motor, driving a worm wheel to rotate by the lifting rotary driving motor, and enabling the worm wheel to drive a vertical worm to rotate and simultaneously descend until a laser sensor monitors a signal of the horizontal support rod in place, wherein a feeding cylinder is positioned right above a machine body at the moment, and closing the lifting rotary driving motor;

s12, pulling the arc-shaped positioning block upwards, opening the opening and closing driving cylinder, driving the vertical sliding block to move downwards by the opening and closing driving cylinder, driving the left driving disc to rotate along the pointer under the action of the left driving connecting rod and the right driving connecting rod, driving the left driving connecting rod and the right driving connecting rod to push the left half shell and the right half shell upwards respectively until the vertical sliding block is in contact with the bottom limit switch, closing the opening and closing driving cylinder through the electromagnetic switch valve, loosening the arc-shaped positioning block, and pressing the arc-shaped positioning block into the arc-shaped positioning groove under the action of the compression spring;

s13, assembling extrusion heads at the ends of the left half shell and the right half shell by means of sealing screws;

s2, blanking:

the stirring driving motor is turned on, the feeding pipe is connected to the feeding hole, and materials enter the feeding cylinder from the feeding pipe and the feeding hole and fall into the straight cylinder of the feeding cylinder under the action of self gravity, and are conveyed into the shell by means of the discharging screw;

s3, extruding:

opening extrusion driving motor and rocking driving motor, rocking driving motor drives the extrusion driving motor on the mounting panel through first connecting rod and second connecting rod and rocks reciprocally, and then drives the screw rod and rock reciprocally, extrude driving motor drive screw rod rotation simultaneously, the screw rod is sent into the heating section heating by the material that the feed cylinder got into the feed section when rotating and rocking reciprocally, the material after the heating melting gets into the extrusion section and is extruded by the extrusion head under extrusion pressure, in this in-process, the material that does not melt after the heating is under the effect of blocking the material ring, stop and keep heating in the heating section until the melting.

The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

1. through setting up the shell and the lifting rotary type's of open-close type feed arrangement, can open the shell fast when the maintenance, improved maintenance efficiency.

2. The screw rod easy to wear is arranged in a segmented mode, and a new screw rod section can be directly replaced after a screw rod section at one end is worn, so that maintenance cost is reduced.

3. Through setting up and rocking the unit, can make the screw rod reciprocal rocking in the pivoted, improved the mixing uniformity of material.

4. By providing a material blocking ring between the heating section and the extrusion section, unmelted particles are blocked from entering the extrusion section.

The technical scheme of the utility model is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a plastic extruder of the present utility model;

fig. 2 is an enlarged view at a in fig. 1;

FIG. 3 is a transverse cross-sectional view of a plastic extruder of the present utility model;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a manual closing assembly of a plastic extruder according to the present utility model.

Wherein: 1. a body;

2. an opening and closing driving mechanism; 21. an opening and closing driving cylinder; 22. a vertical sliding block; 23. a right side drive link; 24. a right side driving disc; 25. a left side drive link; 26. a left drive plate; 27. a right side transmission link; 28. a left side transmission link;

3. a housing; 31. a left half shell; 32. a right half shell;

4. a feeding device; 41. a lifting rotation driving mechanism; 411. a lifting rotary driving motor; 412. a worm wheel; 413. a protective shell; 414. a vertical worm; 415. a ball; 416. a transverse support bar; 42. a feed cylinder; 421. a straight tube; 422. a top horn; 423. a wiper arm plate; 424. a transverse connecting rod; 425. a stirring driving motor; 426. sealing cover; 427. a stirring shaft; 428. a blanking screw;

5. a screw; 51. an internal connecting rod; 52. a screw section; 6. a material blocking ring; 7. an extrusion head;

8. a manual closure assembly; 81. a left positioning ring; 82. a compression spring; 83. an arc-shaped positioning block; 84. a right positioning ring;

9. an extrusion drive mechanism; 91. shaking the driving motor; 92. a first drive link; 93. a second drive link; 94. a mounting plate; 95. and extruding a driving motor.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model more apparent, the embodiments of the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the embodiment of the utility model, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present application based on the embodiments herein. Examples of the embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements throughout or elements having like or similar functionality.

It should be noted that the terms "comprises" and "comprising," along with any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or server that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc., are directions or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, or those that are conventionally put in use, are merely for convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements to be referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

In the description of the present utility model, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

As shown in fig. 1-4, a plastic extruder comprises a machine body 1, a housing 3 arranged on the machine body 1, a screw 5 arranged in the housing 3, an extrusion driving mechanism 9 arranged at one end of the housing 3 and used for driving the screw 5 to rotate, and an extrusion head 7 arranged at the other end of the housing 3 and communicated with the housing 3, wherein a feeding device 4 communicated with the housing 3 is arranged at one end, far away from the extrusion head 7, of the housing 3, the housing 3 is of an open-close type structure, and the feeding device 4 is of a lifting rotary type structure; the shell 3 comprises a left half shell 31 and a right half shell 32, the bottom ends of the left half shell 31 and the right half shell 32 are vertically and rotatably connected with the top end of the machine body 1, the opposite sides of the left half shell 31 and the right half shell 32 are in sealed connection, and the opposite sides of the left half shell 31 and the right half shell 32 are connected with the opening and closing driving mechanism 2; the feeding device 4 includes a feeding cylinder 42 communicating with the housing 3 and a lifting and rotating drive mechanism 41 connected to the feeding cylinder 42.

Preferably, the opening and closing driving mechanism 2 comprises an opening and closing driving cylinder 21 fixed in the machine body 1, a vertical sliding block 22 connected with the output end of the opening and closing driving cylinder 21, a left driving connecting rod 25 and a right driving connecting rod 23 with one end vertically and rotatably connected with the symmetrical position of the vertical sliding block 22, a left driving disk 26 and a right driving disk 24 respectively vertically and rotatably connected with the other end of the left driving connecting rod 25 and the other end of the right driving connecting rod 23, one end of a left transmission connecting rod 28 and one end of a right transmission connecting rod 27 respectively vertically and rotatably connected with the symmetrical position of the left driving connecting rod 25 and the right driving connecting rod 23 on the left driving disk 26 and the right driving disk 24 respectively, and the other end of the left transmission connecting rod 28 and the other end of the right transmission connecting rod 27 are respectively and vertically and rotatably connected with the left half shell 31 and the right half shell 32; the left side driving disk 26 and the right side driving disk 24 are also vertically and rotatably connected with the inside of the machine body 1.

Preferably, a bottom limit switch and a top limit switch are respectively arranged in the machine body 1 and above and below the vertical sliding block 22, the bottom limit switch and the top limit switch are connected with the input end of a controller, and the output end of the controller is connected with an electromagnetic switch valve for controlling the opening and closing of the driving cylinder 21.

Preferably, one end of the left half shell 31 far away from the extrusion head 7 is connected with one end of the right half shell 32 far away from the extrusion head 7 through a manual closing assembly 8, the manual closing assembly 8 comprises a left positioning ring 81 and a right positioning ring 84 which are respectively fixed at the end part of the left half shell 31 and the end part of the right half shell 32, the top ends of the left positioning ring 81 and the right positioning ring 84 are respectively provided with an arc positioning groove, the arc positioning groove is clamped with an arc positioning block 83, and one end of the arc positioning block 83 far away from the arc positioning groove is connected with the left half shell 31 or the right half shell 32 through a compression spring 82.

Preferably, the lifting and rotating driving mechanism 41 comprises a base, a protective shell 413 fixed at the top end of the base, a vertical worm 414 with the bottom end penetrating into the protective shell 413, a worm wheel 412 meshed with the vertical worm 414 penetrating into the protective shell 413, and a lifting and rotating driving motor 411 connected with the worm wheel 412 through a chain wheel and a chain; the top end of the vertical worm 414 extends out of the protective shell 413, and the vertical worm 414 extends out of the protective shell 413 and is connected with the feeding cylinder 42 through a transverse supporting rod 416; the top end inner wall of the protective housing 413 is provided with a plurality of balls 415 in a rotating manner corresponding to the position of the vertical worm 414, the balls 415 are arranged around the vertical worm 414 and are in rolling contact with the vertical worm 414, and the balls 415 in the embodiment universally rotate in grooves formed in the inner wall of the protective housing 413.

Preferably, the feeding barrel 42 comprises a top horn 422, a sealing cover 426 fixed at the top end of the top horn 422, a straight barrel 421 fixed at the bottom end of the top horn 422, and a stirring assembly rotatably arranged in the feeding barrel 42, wherein the bottom end of the straight barrel 421 is communicated with the shell 3; the stirring assembly comprises a stirring driving motor 425 fixed at the top end of a sealing cover 426, an output shaft of the stirring driving motor 425 stretches into the feeding barrel 42 and is connected with a stirring shaft 427, one side of a scraping arm plate 423 is connected to the stirring shaft 427 and corresponds to the position of the top end horn barrel 422 through a transverse connecting rod 424, the other side of the scraping arm plate 423 is attached to the inner wall of the top end horn barrel 422, materials adhered to the inner wall of the feeding barrel 42 are conveniently scraped off, and a blanking screw 428 is fixed on the stirring shaft 427 and corresponds to the position of the straight barrel 421; a plurality of feeding holes which are arranged in an annular array are formed in the sealing cover 426, so that different materials can enter simultaneously; the sealing cap 426 is fixedly connected with the transverse connection rod 424.

Preferably, the inside direction that just corresponds the material and advance of shell 3 divide into feed zone, heating zone and pressurization section in proper order, and the inside position that just corresponds the heating zone of shell 3 is fixed with the heater strip, and the one end that just corresponds the heating zone and be close to the feed zone on the shell 3 inner wall is fixed with and hinders material ring 6, hinders the inner wall fixed connection of the outer wall of material ring 6 and shell 3, hinders and leaves the material passageway between the inner wall of material ring 6 and the screw rod 5, and the size of material passageway is less than the size of material.

Preferably, the extrusion driving mechanism 9 comprises a machine base, and a shaking unit and an extrusion driving unit which are arranged on the machine base, wherein the shaking unit comprises a shaking driving motor 91, a first transmission connecting rod 92 with one end vertically and rotatably connected with the output end of the shaking driving motor 91, and a second transmission connecting rod 93 with the other end vertically and rotatably connected with the first transmission connecting rod 92; the extrusion driving unit comprises a mounting plate 94 which is vertically and rotatably connected with one end of the second transmission connecting rod 93 far away from the first transmission connecting rod 92, and an extrusion driving motor 95 which is fixed on the mounting plate 94, wherein the extrusion driving motor 95 is connected with one end of the screw 5 penetrating out of the shell 3, and the screw 5 is horizontally and slidably connected with a positioning ring sleeve formed by the left positioning ring 81 and the right positioning ring 84 through a linear bearing; the mounting plate 94 is slidably connected to the housing horizontally.

Preferably, sealing grooves which are arranged in a staggered way are formed on opposite sides of the left half shell 31 and the right half shell 32, and sealing rubber strips are fixed in the sealing grooves; a laser sensor is fixed on the machine body 1 and corresponds to the position of the transverse supporting rod 416, the laser sensor is connected with the input end of a controller, and the output end of the controller is connected with the lifting rotary driving motor 411.

It should be noted that, the electronic components are all mature products in the market, and the electronic components are only needed to be purchased and then connected according to the specification, and are not improved, so that the structural principle of the electronic components is not repeated here.

The screw 5 in this embodiment includes an internal connecting rod 51 and a plurality of screw segments 52 penetrating the external of the internal connecting rod 51 in a linear sequence, the outer wall of each screw segment 52 is fixed with a spiral stirring blade, and the ends of the spiral stirring blades on two adjacent screw segments 52 are aligned, so as to form a continuous spiral structure, so that the screw segments 52 are driven to rotate by the screw 5 at a stirring driving motor 425, and spiral propulsion and stirring operation are realized; and the outer wall of the internal connecting rod 51 is provided with a positioning groove for preventing relative rotation between the screw rod section 52 and the internal connecting rod 51, the positioning groove is an axial groove formed on the outer circumferential side of the internal connecting rod 51, positioning teeth matched with the positioning groove are arranged inside the screw rod section 52, the positioning teeth are triangular teeth which are annularly fixed on the inner wall of the screw rod section, the positioning groove is provided with triangular grooves corresponding to the triangular teeth, thereby the circumferential relative rotation of the screw rod section 52 and the internal connecting rod 51 is limited by utilizing the triangular teeth which are annularly arranged on the inner wall of the screw rod section 52 and the triangular grooves on the positioning groove on the outer wall of the internal connecting rod 51, one end of the positioning groove close to the extrusion head 7 is a blind end, the screw rod section 52 at the innermost end is prevented from being separated, namely, the screw rod section 52 at the innermost end and the internal connecting rod 51 are prevented from axially relative movement during operation, the outer side of the screw rod section 52 at the outermost end is provided with a baffle ring, the baffle ring is in threaded connection with the internal connecting rod 51, that is, axial relative movement of the outermost screw section 52 and the internal connecting rod 51 is avoided during operation, axial relative movement between all screw sections 52 and the internal connecting rod 51 between the innermost screw section 52 and the outermost screw section 52 is avoided by limiting axial relative movement between the innermost screw section 52 and the outermost screw section 52 and the internal connecting rod 51, compared with the integral screw 5 structure, the integral screw 5 structure is replaced when damaged, a split structure is adopted (that is, compared with the traditional integral screw, the embodiment adopts the mode that the internal connecting rod 51 and the screw sections 52 are arranged to be detachable), when a certain screw section 52 is damaged, the baffle ring is unscrewed, the screw sections 52 are sequentially slid outwards along the internal connecting rod 51, all screw sections 52 positioned at the outer end of the damaged screw section 52 are taken out, until the damaged screw rod section 52 is taken out, and after a new screw rod section 52 is put in, the taken-out undamaged screw rod section 52 is pushed into the internal connecting rod 51 again in sequence, and finally, the baffle ring is screwed, so that when a certain screw rod section 52 is damaged, only the corresponding screw rod section 52 needs to be replaced, and the maintenance cost is reduced.

A method of using a plastic extruder comprising the steps of:

s1, assembling:

s11, turning on a lifting rotary driving motor 411, enabling the lifting rotary driving motor 411 to drive a worm wheel 412 to rotate, enabling the worm wheel 412 to drive a vertical worm 414 to rotate and simultaneously descend until a laser sensor monitors a signal of the in-place transverse supporting rod 416, enabling a feeding barrel 42 to be located right above a machine body 1, and turning off the lifting rotary driving motor 411;

s12, an arc-shaped positioning block 83 is pulled upwards, an opening and closing driving cylinder 21 is opened, the opening and closing driving cylinder 21 drives a vertical sliding block 22 to move downwards, at the moment, under the action of a left driving connecting rod 25 and a right driving connecting rod 23, a left driving disc 26 is driven to rotate along a pointer, a right driving disc 24 is driven to rotate anticlockwise, and further a left driving connecting rod 28 and a right driving connecting rod 27 are driven to respectively push a left half shell 31 and a right half shell 32 upwards until the vertical sliding block 22 is contacted with a bottom limit switch, the opening and closing driving cylinder 21 is closed through an electromagnetic switch valve, the arc-shaped positioning block 83 is loosened, and the arc-shaped positioning block 83 is pressed into an arc-shaped positioning groove under the action of a compression spring 82;

s13, assembling the extrusion head 7 at the ends of the left half shell 31 and the right half shell 32 by means of the sealing screw 5;

s2, blanking:

turning on the stirring driving motor 425 and connecting the feeding pipe to the feeding hole, enabling the material to enter the feeding barrel 42 from the feeding pipe and the feeding hole, fall into the straight barrel 421 of the feeding barrel 42 under the action of self gravity, and be conveyed into the shell 3 by the blanking screw 428;

s3, extruding:

opening extrusion driving motor 95 and rocking driving motor 91, rocking driving motor 91 drives extrusion driving motor 95 on mounting panel 94 through first connecting rod and second connecting rod reciprocal rocking, and then drive screw rod 5 reciprocal rocking, extrusion driving motor 95 drives screw rod 5 simultaneously and rotates, screw rod 5 is when rotating and reciprocal rocking will get into the material of feeding section by feed cylinder 42 and send into the heating section heating, the material after the heating melting gets into extrusion section and extrudes by extrusion head 7 under extrusion pressure, in-process, after the heating unmelted material is under the effect of hinder material ring 6, stop in the heating section continuously heating, until the melting.

As can be seen from the above, after the screw 5 is worn, the arc positioning block 83 is pulled upwards to separate the arc positioning block 83 from the arc positioning groove, then the opening and closing driving cylinder 21 is controlled to drive the vertical sliding block 22 to rise until touching the top limit switch, the left half shell 31 and the right half shell 32 can be driven to open, so as to open the shell 3, then the lifting and rotating driving motor 411 is controlled to rotate reversely, the feeding cylinder 42 is driven to rotate and rise through the worm wheel 412 and move away from the top end of the machine body 1, the screw 5 can be maintained (such as breakage of the screw section 52 on the screw 5), after maintenance is finished, the opening and closing driving cylinder 21 is controlled to drive the vertical sliding block 22 to move downwards until touching the bottom limit switch, at this time, the left half shell 31 and the right half shell 32 are closed, then the arc positioning block 83 is released, the arc positioning block 83 is pressed into the arc positioning groove again under the restoring force of the compression spring 82, then the lifting and rotating driving motor 411 is controlled to rotate positively, the feeding cylinder 42 is driven to rotate and descend through the worm wheel 412 until aligning the top end of the machine body, and maintenance efficiency is improved.

Therefore, the plastic extruder and the application method thereof can quickly open the shell during maintenance by arranging the open-close shell and the lifting rotary type feeding equipment, thereby improving the maintenance efficiency.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model and not for limiting it, and although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical scheme of the utility model can be modified or replaced by the same, and the modified technical scheme cannot deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical scheme of the utility model.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a plastics extruder, includes the organism, sets up the shell on the organism, sets up in the inside screw rod of shell, sets up in shell one end and be used for driving screw rod pivoted extrusion actuating mechanism, sets up in the extrusion head of shell other end and with the shell intercommunication, and the one end of keeping away from the extrusion head on the shell is provided with the feed equipment with the shell intercommunication, its characterized in that: the shell is of an open-close type structure, and the feeding equipment is of a lifting rotary type structure;

the shell comprises a left half shell and a right half shell, the bottom ends of the left half shell and the right half shell are vertically and rotatably connected with the top end of the machine body, the opposite sides of the left half shell and the right half shell are in sealing connection, and the opposite sides of the left half shell and the right half shell are connected with the opening and closing driving mechanism;

the opening and closing driving mechanism comprises an opening and closing driving cylinder fixed in the machine body, a vertical sliding block connected with the output end of the opening and closing driving cylinder, a left driving connecting rod and a right driving connecting rod, a left driving disc and a right driving disc, wherein one end of the left driving connecting rod and one end of the right driving connecting rod are vertically and rotatably connected with the symmetrical positions of the vertical sliding block, the left driving disc and the right driving disc are respectively and vertically rotatably connected with the other end of the left driving connecting rod and the other end of the right driving connecting rod, and one end of the left driving connecting rod and one end of the right driving connecting rod are respectively and vertically rotatably connected with the left half shell and the right half shell;

the left driving disc and the right driving disc are also vertically and rotatably connected with the inside of the machine body;

the feeding equipment comprises a feeding cylinder communicated with the shell and a lifting and rotating driving mechanism connected with the feeding cylinder;

the lifting rotary driving mechanism comprises a base, a protective shell fixed at the top end of the base, a vertical worm with the bottom end penetrating into the protective shell, a worm wheel meshed with the vertical worm penetrating into the protective shell, and a lifting rotary driving motor connected with the worm wheel through a chain wheel and a chain;

the top end of the vertical worm extends out of the protective shell and is connected with the feeding cylinder through the transverse supporting rod after extending out of the protective shell;

a plurality of balls are rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the top end of the protective shell at positions corresponding to the vertical worm, and the balls are arranged around the vertical worm and are in rolling contact with the vertical worm;

the extrusion driving mechanism comprises a machine seat, a shaking unit and an extrusion driving unit, wherein the shaking unit and the extrusion driving unit are arranged on the machine seat, and the shaking unit comprises a shaking driving motor, a first transmission connecting rod with one end vertically and rotatably connected with the output end of the shaking driving motor, and a second transmission connecting rod vertically and rotatably connected with the other end of the first transmission connecting rod;

the extrusion driving unit comprises a mounting plate and an extrusion driving motor, wherein the mounting plate is vertically and rotatably connected with one end of the second transmission connecting rod far away from the first transmission connecting rod, the extrusion driving motor is fixed on the mounting plate, the extrusion driving motor is connected with one end of the screw rod penetrating out of the shell, and the screw rod is horizontally and slidably connected with a positioning ring sleeve formed by a left positioning ring and a right positioning ring through a linear bearing;

the mounting plate is horizontally and slidably connected with the machine base.

2. A plastic extruder according to claim 1, wherein: the upper and lower positions of the machine body, which correspond to the vertical sliding blocks, are respectively provided with a bottom end limit switch and a top end limit switch, the bottom end limit switch and the top end limit switch are connected with the input end of the controller, and the output end of the controller is connected with an electromagnetic switch valve for controlling the opening and closing driving cylinder to open and stop.

3. A plastic extruder according to claim 2, wherein: the one end that extrusion head was kept away from to left side half shell and the one end that extrusion head was kept away from to right side half shell are connected through manual closure subassembly, and manual closure subassembly is including being fixed in left side locating ring and the right side locating ring of left side half shell tip and right side half shell tip respectively, and arc constant head tank has all been seted up on the top of left side locating ring and the top of right side locating ring, arc constant head tank and arc locating piece joint, and the one end that arc locating piece deviates from arc constant head tank is connected with left half shell or right half shell through hold-down spring.

4. A plastic extruder according to claim 1, wherein: the feeding barrel comprises a top horn barrel, a sealing cover fixed at the top end of the top horn barrel, a straight barrel fixed at the bottom end of the top horn barrel and a stirring assembly rotatably arranged in the feeding barrel, and the bottom end of the straight barrel is communicated with the shell;

the stirring assembly comprises a stirring driving motor fixed at the top end of the sealing cover, an output shaft of the stirring driving motor stretches into the feeding cylinder and then is connected with a stirring shaft, one side of a scraping arm plate is connected to the stirring shaft at a position corresponding to the top end horn cylinder through a transverse connecting rod, the other side of the scraping arm plate is attached to the inner wall of the top end horn cylinder, and a blanking screw is fixed to the stirring shaft at a position corresponding to the straight tube cylinder;

a plurality of feeding holes which are arranged in an annular array are formed in the sealing cover;

the sealing cover is fixedly connected with the transverse connecting rod.

5. A plastic extruder as claimed in claim 4, wherein: inside and the direction that corresponds the material and advance divide into feeding section, heating section and pressurization section in proper order of shell, and the inside position that corresponds the heating section of shell is fixed with the heater strip, and the one end that just corresponds the heating section and be close to the feeding section on the shell inner wall is fixed with and hinders the material ring, hinders the inner wall fixed connection of the outer wall of material ring and shell, hinders and leaves the material passageway between the inner wall of material ring and the screw rod, and the size of material passageway is less than the size of material.

6. A plastic extruder according to claim 1, wherein: sealing grooves which are arranged in a staggered manner are formed in the opposite sides of the left half shell and the right half shell, and sealing rubber strips are fixed in the sealing grooves;

a laser sensor is fixed on the machine body and corresponds to the position of the transverse supporting rod, the laser sensor is connected with the input end of the controller, and the output end of the controller is connected with the lifting rotary driving motor.

7. A method of using a plastic extruder as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:

s1, assembling:

s11, opening a lifting rotary driving motor, driving a worm wheel to rotate by the lifting rotary driving motor, and enabling the worm wheel to drive a vertical worm to rotate and simultaneously descend until a laser sensor monitors a signal of the horizontal support rod in place, wherein a feeding cylinder is positioned right above a machine body at the moment, and closing the lifting rotary driving motor;

s12, pulling the arc-shaped positioning block upwards, opening the opening and closing driving cylinder, driving the vertical sliding block to move downwards by the opening and closing driving cylinder, driving the left driving disc to rotate along the pointer under the action of the left driving connecting rod and the right driving connecting rod, driving the left driving connecting rod and the right driving connecting rod to push the left half shell and the right half shell upwards respectively until the vertical sliding block is in contact with the bottom limit switch, closing the opening and closing driving cylinder through the electromagnetic switch valve, loosening the arc-shaped positioning block, and pressing the arc-shaped positioning block into the arc-shaped positioning groove under the action of the compression spring;

s13, assembling extrusion heads at the ends of the left half shell and the right half shell by means of sealing screws;

s2, blanking:

the stirring driving motor is turned on, the feeding pipe is connected to the feeding hole, and materials enter the feeding cylinder from the feeding pipe and the feeding hole and fall into the straight cylinder of the feeding cylinder under the action of self gravity, and are conveyed into the shell by means of the discharging screw;

s3, extruding:

opening extrusion driving motor and rocking driving motor, rocking driving motor drives the extrusion driving motor on the mounting panel through first connecting rod and second connecting rod and rocks reciprocally, and then drives the screw rod and rock reciprocally, extrude driving motor drive screw rod rotation simultaneously, the screw rod is sent into the heating section heating by the material that the feed cylinder got into the feed section when rotating and rocking reciprocally, the material after the heating melting gets into the extrusion section and is extruded by the extrusion head under extrusion pressure, in this in-process, the material that does not melt after the heating is under the effect of blocking the material ring, stop and keep heating in the heating section until the melting.