CN117219040A - Sound absorbing material, manufacturing method thereof, loudspeaker and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Sound absorbing material, manufacturing method thereof, loudspeaker and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN117219040A CN117219040A CN202311194806.4A CN202311194806A CN117219040A CN 117219040 A CN117219040 A CN 117219040A CN 202311194806 A CN202311194806 A CN 202311194806A CN 117219040 A CN117219040 A CN 117219040A
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- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical class O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- WECIKJKLCDCIMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-n-(2-cyanoethyl)acetamide Chemical compound ClCC(=O)NCCC#N WECIKJKLCDCIMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
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- HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)C(CN1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JAWMENYCRQKKJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-ylmethyl)-1-oxa-2,8-diazaspiro[4.5]dec-2-en-8-yl]-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]methanone Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)CC1=NOC2(C1)CCN(CC2)C(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F JAWMENYCRQKKJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a sound absorbing material, a manufacturing method thereof, a loudspeaker and electronic equipment, wherein the sound absorbing material is formed by interweaving fibrous materials, the inside of the sound absorbing material is provided with a three-dimensional network structure, the surface of the fibrous material is adhered with a porous powder material through a precipitation aid, and the fibrous material is hydrophilic modified chemical synthetic fibers or the combination of chemical synthetic fibers which are not hydrophilic modified and hydrophilic modified chemical synthetic fibers. The sound absorbing material has high-efficiency acoustic performance, and the acoustic performance of the porous powder material with the acoustic enhancement function per unit mass is superior to that of the acoustic enhancement particles commonly used in the market; the sound absorbing material also has stable acoustic performance, and the acoustic performance is not lost after the sound absorbing material is stored at high temperature and high humidity according to the technical content described in 7.8.4 part of the group standard porous sound absorbing particle for micro-speaker (standard number: T/CECA 78-2022).
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sound absorbing material, a manufacturing method thereof, a loudspeaker and electronic equipment, and belongs to the technical field of materials, in particular to the technical field of electronic acoustic materials.
Background
Electronic products such as mobile phones, tablets, notebook computers and the like are lighter and thinner, so that resonant cavities of speaker system components used by the electronic products are smaller and smaller. As is well known, the resonant cavity of smaller and smaller speakers causes the resonant frequency to increase and the low-frequency sound pressure sensitivity to decrease, and the audio quality requirements of consumers on electronic products such as mobile phones, tablets, notebook computers and the like are higher and higher. In order to solve the contradiction between the two, acoustic reinforcing materials have been developed.
The porous powder material capable of efficiently adsorbing and releasing air molecules is prepared into sound-absorbing particles with average particle size of 200-800 mu m by a molding technology, and the sound-absorbing particles are filled in the cavity of the loudspeaker, so that the method is a conventional method for improving the audio quality of the small-cavity loudspeaker. However, this method also has certain drawbacks, such as: first, the prior art generally fills the sound absorbing particles into the cavity of the speaker by canning, but the canning process is difficult. In particular, the space of the resonant cavity of the micro-speaker is very small, the space height is in the range of hundreds of micrometers, and the quantitative filling of sound-absorbing particles in the resonant cavity is very narrow, which is almost impossible to accomplish. However, the narrow resonant cavity tends to have the greatest effect on low frequencies, and is also the most desirable structure to be filled with sound absorbing material. Secondly, in the speaker working process, traditional sound absorption particles vibrate at high frequency in the cavity and collide with the inner wall of the cavity, so that the phenomenon of breakage and crushing of the sound absorption particles is caused, and the speaker monomer is damaged. In addition, in the filling process at the present stage, sound absorbing particles can only fill about 80% of the back cavity volume of the speaker module, and the back cavity space cannot be fully utilized.
Therefore, providing a novel sound absorbing material (acoustic reinforcing material), a manufacturing method thereof, a speaker and an electronic device have become a technical problem to be solved in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above-described drawbacks and disadvantages, an object of the present invention is to provide a sound absorbing material.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing the sound absorbing material.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a speaker, in which the sound absorbing material described above is mounted in the rear chamber thereof.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide an electronic device having the sound absorbing material described above mounted in a rear speaker chamber.
In order to achieve the above object, in one aspect, the present invention provides a sound absorbing material, wherein the sound absorbing material is formed by interweaving fibrous materials, the inside of the sound absorbing material has a three-dimensional network structure, and the surface of the fibrous materials is adhered with a porous powder material through a precipitation aid;
wherein the fibrous material is a hydrophilically modified chemical synthetic fiber, or a combination of a chemical synthetic fiber that has not been hydrophilically modified and a hydrophilically modified chemical synthetic fiber.
In the sound absorbing material provided by the invention, the porous powder material is attached to the three-dimensional network structure and the surface of the sound absorbing material.
In a specific embodiment of the sound absorbing material according to the present invention, the fibrous material has an absolute dry mass ratio of 19.50-85.95%, the porous powder material has an absolute dry mass ratio of 14.0-80.0%, and the precipitation aid has an absolute dry mass ratio of 0.05-0.5% based on 100% of the total weight of the sound absorbing material.
In the invention, the smaller the diameter or width of the fibrous material, the smaller the length-diameter ratio, and the larger the specific surface area of the fibrous material under the premise of the same mass, which means that the fibrous material has more surface area to interact with the porous powder material with the acoustic enhancement function; the larger the diameter or width of the fibrous material is, the larger the length-diameter ratio is, which means that the interweaving action among the fibrous materials is more abundant, the formed three-dimensional network structure is more complex, and the physical strength of the obtained sound absorbing material is better, but if the diameter or width of the fibrous material is too large, the surface of the sound absorbing material prepared by the fibrous material is rough and uneven, and the length-diameter ratio of the fibrous material is too large, the fibrous material is difficult to disperse in water, the fibrous materials are intertwined, and the fibrous material is difficult to disperse into single fibers. Accordingly, as a specific embodiment of the above sound absorbing material according to the present invention, wherein the fibrous material has a diameter or width ranging from 8 to 70 μm and an aspect ratio ranging from 8 to 500, preferably from 8 to 150. In the present invention, "aspect ratio" refers to the ratio of the length to the diameter of a fibrous material, and in some particular fibrous materials, "aspect ratio" is also understood to be the ratio of the length to the width.
As a specific embodiment of the sound absorbing material according to the present invention, the chemical synthetic fiber which is not hydrophilically modified includes one or a combination of several of polypropylene fiber, polyamide fiber, polyethylene fiber, polyester fiber, polylactic acid fiber, polyether ether ketone fiber, polyphenylene sulfide fiber and polyacrylonitrile fiber.
As a specific embodiment of the above sound absorbing material according to the present invention, the hydrophilically modified chemical synthetic fibers include one or a combination of several of hydrophilically modified polypropylene fibers, hydrophilically modified polyamide fibers, hydrophilically modified polyethylene fibers, hydrophilically modified polyester fibers, hydrophilically modified polylactic acid fibers, hydrophilically modified polyetheretherketone fibers, hydrophilically modified polyphenylene sulfide fibers, and hydrophilically modified polyacrylonitrile fibers.
The hydrophilic modification reagent used for carrying out hydrophilic modification on the chemical synthetic fibers does not have specific requirements, and can be reasonably selected according to actual operation requirements. For example, in some embodiments of the invention, the hydrophilic modifying agent may be maleic anhydride, and correspondingly, the hydrophilic modified chemical synthetic fibers may be maleic anhydride modified polypropylene fibers or maleic anhydride modified polyester fibers, or the like.
The chemical synthetic fiber used in the invention is characterized in that: the fibrous materials have low density, and the mechanical interweaving acting force is the main interaction force, so that a three-dimensional space structure with high porosity, namely a three-dimensional network structure, can be constructed, and is beneficial to air circulation.
As a specific embodiment of the sound absorbing material according to the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the fibrous material includes a circular shape, a flat shape, a special-shaped shape, etc., wherein the special-shaped shape includes a cross-shaped structure, a skin-core structure, a triangle-shaped structure, a clover-leaf structure, a king-shaped structure, a Y-shaped structure, a hollow structure, etc.
As a specific embodiment of the sound absorbing material according to the present invention, the fibrous material may be one kind of chemical synthetic fiber, or may be a combination of a plurality of kinds of chemical synthetic fibers, or may be a combination of chemical synthetic fibers having different diameters or widths and/or different aspect ratios, and preferably, the chemical synthetic fibers include a combination of two or more kinds of chemical synthetic fibers having different diameters or widths and/or different aspect ratios.
The porous powder material used in the invention has an acoustic enhancement function, and can be used for preparing the acoustic enhancement function material commonly used in the field. As a specific embodiment of the sound absorbing material according to the present invention, the porous powder material includes one or a combination of several of zeolite molecular sieve, activated silica, activated carbon, surface porous calcium carbonate, surface porous calcium silicate, alumina, hydrogel, aerogel, and the like.
As a specific embodiment of the sound absorbing material according to the present invention, the zeolite molecular sieve has a particle size of 0.5-10 μm and comprises micropores with a pore diameter of 0.3-0.7nm and mesopores with a pore diameter of 10-30 nm.
As a specific embodiment of the sound absorbing material according to the present invention, the zeolite molecular sieve includes one or a combination of several of MFI structure molecular sieve, FER structure molecular sieve, CHA structure molecular sieve, MEL structure molecular sieve, TON structure molecular sieve, MTT structure molecular sieve, and the like.
As a specific embodiment of the sound absorbing material according to the present invention, the precipitation aid includes one or a combination of several of polyacrylamide, starch, polyethylenimine, polyimide, guar gum, and the like.
As a specific embodiment of the sound-absorbing material according to the present invention, the sound-absorbing material has a gram weight in the range of 50 to 1200g/m 2 。
As a specific embodiment of the sound absorbing material according to the present invention, the shape of the sound absorbing material includes a sheet shape, a block shape, an irregular shape, or the like. When the sound absorbing material is used, a person skilled in the art can appropriately select a sound absorbing material of an appropriate shape as required. In addition, the person skilled in the art can also combine the conventional means to obtain the sound absorbing material with the target shape on the basis of the manufacturing method provided by the invention.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a manufacturing method of the sound absorbing material, wherein the manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
step one: respectively dispersing fibrous materials, porous powder materials and precipitation aids in water to obtain fibrous material dispersion liquid, porous powder material dispersion liquid and precipitation aid dispersion liquid;
step two: adding the porous powder material dispersion liquid into the fibrous material dispersion liquid, uniformly mixing, adding the precipitation aid dispersion liquid, uniformly mixing, so that the fibrous materials are mutually interwoven, and simultaneously precipitating the porous powder material on the surface of the fibrous materials;
step three: filtering the mixed solution obtained in the step two to obtain a precursor material;
step four: and drying the precursor material to obtain the sound absorbing material.
In a specific embodiment of the above manufacturing method according to the present invention, in the first step, the absolute dry mass concentration of the fibrous material is 0.5-4% based on 100% of the total weight of the fibrous material dispersion.
In the first step, the absolute dry mass concentration of the porous powder material is 1-50% based on 100% of the total weight of the porous powder material dispersion.
As a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned preparation method of the present invention, in the first step, the absolute dry mass concentration of the precipitation aid is 0.01-4.00% based on 100% of the total weight of the precipitation aid dispersion.
In one embodiment of the above manufacturing method of the present invention, in the first step, the water includes one or more of deionized water, distilled water and reverse osmosis water.
In the second step, which is a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned manufacturing method of the present invention, in order to achieve faster and better mixing uniformity, the step is performed under stirring. In the second step, the interweaving of the fibrous materials and the precipitation of the porous powder materials on the surface of the fibrous materials are performed simultaneously.
In the third step, the mixed solution obtained in the second step is filtered to primarily remove the water in the mixed solution, and the water content of the obtained material can be 10-80wt%. The filtering in the third step is conventional operation and can be adjusted according to the actual operation condition of the site. For example, in some embodiments of the invention, the filtration is suction filtration.
The present invention can control the shape of the obtained sound absorbing material by the filtering operation in the third step. If the filtration is carried out for a plurality of times in the third step, the thickness of the material stack is increased to become a blocky sound absorbing material, namely the thickness of the sound absorbing material can be controlled by the filtration; in addition, the irregular-shaped sound absorbing material can be obtained by filtering with dies of different shapes according to the requirement, and the block-shaped or irregular-shaped sound absorbing material obtained after drying can be cut to obtain the irregular-shaped sound absorbing material.
In the fourth step, the drying is a conventional operation, and can be adjusted according to the actual operation condition in the field, so long as the removal of the moisture in the precursor material is ensured. For example, in some embodiments of the invention, the drying is performed by drying the precursor material using a vacuum freeze dryer or a forced air drying oven or the like.
In the aqueous system, no acting force exists between the porous powder material with the acoustic enhancement function and the fibrous material. Therefore, a precipitation aid is used in the production of the sound absorbing material, and the precipitation aid itself has a viscosity and an adhesion effect, so that particles of the porous powder material can be precipitated on the surface of the fibrous material.
In yet another aspect, the present invention also provides a speaker comprising one or more acoustic sensors, one or more housings, the one or more acoustic sensors in combination with the one or more housings forming a speaker rear cavity, wherein the speaker rear cavity is fitted with the sound absorbing material described above.
In still another aspect, the present invention further provides an electronic device, wherein the sound absorbing material described above is mounted in a speaker rear cavity of the electronic device.
As a specific embodiment of the electronic device according to the present invention, the electronic device includes a smart phone, a TWS headset, a pair of smart glasses, a smart watch, a VR device, an AR device, a tablet computer, a light notebook computer, or the like.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. high-efficiency mass production: the invention can produce sound absorbing material in high efficiency and mass without using special equipment and special raw materials and chemicals.
2. And (3) any cutting: the sound absorbing material can be cut into a required shape according to the size and the dimension of the rear cavity of the loudspeaker and filled in the rear cavity of the loudspeaker.
3. The acoustic performance is high-efficiency: the sound absorbing material provided by the invention has high-efficiency acoustic performance, and the acoustic performance of the porous powder material with the acoustic enhancement function per unit mass is superior to that of the acoustic enhancement particles commonly used in the market.
4. The sound absorbing material provided by the invention has stable acoustic performance, and the acoustic performance of the sound absorbing material is not lost after the sound absorbing material is subjected to high-temperature and high-humidity storage according to the technical content recorded in 7.8.4 part of the group standard porous sound absorbing particle for micro-speaker (standard number: T/CECA 78-2022).
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 shows the surface morphology of the sheet-like sound absorbing material obtained in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows the surface morphology of the sheet-like sound absorbing material obtained in example 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows the surface morphology of the sheet-like sound absorbing material obtained in example 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an SEM image of the sheet-like sound absorbing material provided in example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the term "comprising" in the description of the invention and the claims and any variations thereof in the above-described figures is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such as a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements that are expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The "range" disclosed herein is given in the form of a lower limit and an upper limit. There may be one or more lower limits and one or more upper limits, respectively. The given range is defined by selecting a lower limit and an upper limit. The selected lower and upper limits define the boundaries of the particular ranges. All ranges defined in this way are combinable, i.e. any lower limit can be combined with any upper limit to form a range. For example, ranges of 60-120 and 80-110 are listed for specific parameters, with the understanding that ranges of 60-110 and 80-120 are also contemplated. Furthermore, if the minimum range values listed are 1 and 2 and the maximum range values listed are 3,4 and 5, then the following ranges are all contemplated: 1-3, 1-4, 1-5, 2-3, 2-4 and 2-5.
In the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the numerical range "a-b" represents a shorthand representation of any combination of real numbers between a and b, where a and b are both real numbers. For example, the numerical range "0-5" means that all real numbers between "0-5" have been listed throughout this disclosure, and "0-5" is only a shorthand representation of a combination of these values.
In the present invention, all the embodiments and preferred embodiments mentioned in the present invention may be combined with each other to form new technical solutions, unless otherwise specified.
In the present invention, all technical features mentioned in the present invention and preferred features may be combined with each other to form a new technical solution unless specifically stated otherwise.
In the present invention, all the steps mentioned herein may be performed sequentially or randomly, but are preferably performed sequentially, unless otherwise specified. For example, the method comprises steps (a) and (b), meaning that the method may comprise steps (a) and (b) performed sequentially, or may comprise steps (b) and (a) performed sequentially. For example, the method may further include step (c), which means that step (c) may be added to the method in any order, for example, the method may include steps (a), (b) and (c), may include steps (a), (c) and (b), may include steps (c), (a) and (b), and the like.
The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, figures and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. The following described embodiments are some, but not all, examples of the present invention and are merely illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. The specific conditions are not noted in the examples and are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention.
In the embodiment, the following method may be used to measure the absolute dry mass ratio of the porous powder material in the sheet-shaped sound absorbing material:
drying the flaky sound absorbing material in a baking oven at 110 ℃ to constant weight, and accurately weighing the weight of the flaky sound absorbing material, and marking the weight as A;
marking the mass of the dried crucible as B, putting the sheet sound absorbing material with the mass of A into the dried crucible, putting the crucible into a high-temperature muffle furnace, setting the temperature-raising program to be 0.5 ℃/min, raising the temperature from room temperature to 525 ℃ and preserving the heat for 120min, and cooling to the room temperature;
weighing the total weight of the crucible and the porous powder material in the crucible, and recording as C;
after the sheet sound absorbing material with the mass A is burnt at high temperature, the mass of the porous powder material contained in the sheet sound absorbing material is marked as D, and D=C-B; in the sheet-shaped sound absorbing material having a mass a, when the absolute dry mass ratio of the porous powder material is E, e= (D/a) ×100%.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a sheet-like sound-absorbing material having a grammage of 500g/m 2 The sheet-shaped sound absorbing material is formed by interweaving fibrous materials, wherein a three-dimensional network structure is arranged in the sheet-shaped sound absorbing material, and porous powder materials are attached to the surface of the fibrous materials through precipitation aids;
wherein the fibrous material is hydrophilic modified chemical synthetic fiber, the hydrophilic modified chemical synthetic fiber is maleic anhydride modified polyester fiber with average width of 15 mu m and length-diameter ratio of 100, and the absolute dry mass ratio is 19.50%;
the precipitation aid is polyacrylamide with molecular weight of 1500 ten thousand;
the porous powder material is ZSM-5 molecular sieve with an average particle diameter of 1.5 mu m and comprises micropores with a pore diameter of 0.55nm and mesopores with a pore diameter of 20 nm;
based on the total weight of the sheet-shaped sound absorbing material as 100%, the absolute dry mass ratio of the fibrous material is 19.50%, the absolute dry mass ratio of the porous powder material is 80.0%, and the absolute dry mass ratio of the precipitation aid is 0.5%;
in this embodiment, the sheet-shaped sound absorbing material is manufactured by a manufacturing method including the following specific steps:
step one: respectively dispersing fibrous materials, porous powder materials and precipitation aids in water according to the formula to obtain fibrous material dispersion liquid, porous powder material dispersion liquid and precipitation aid dispersion liquid;
wherein, based on 100 percent of the total weight of the fibrous material dispersion liquid, the absolute dry mass concentration of the fibrous material is 2.0 percent, based on 100 percent of the total weight of the porous powder material dispersion liquid, the absolute dry mass concentration of the porous powder material is 20 percent, and based on 100 percent of the total weight of the precipitation auxiliary dispersion liquid, the absolute dry mass concentration of the precipitation auxiliary is 0.02 percent;
step two: adding the porous powder material dispersion liquid into the fibrous material dispersion liquid under the condition of stirring, uniformly mixing, adding the precipitation aid dispersion liquid, uniformly mixing, so that the fibrous materials are mutually interweaved, and simultaneously precipitating the porous powder material on the surface of the fibrous materials;
step three: filtering the mixed solution obtained in the step two to obtain a sheet material, wherein the water content of the sheet material is 70wt%;
step four: carrying out air drying on the sheet material, wherein the temperature of the air drying is 110 ℃, the time is 120min, and the sheet sound absorbing material is obtained after the air drying is finished; the absolute dry mass ratio of the porous powder material in the sheet-shaped sound absorbing material is measured by the method shown above, and is compared with the dosage of the porous powder material in the formula, and the comparison result shows that the absolute dry mass ratio and the dosage of the porous powder material are consistent.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a sheet-like sound-absorbing material having a grammage of 500g/m 2 Is interwoven by fibrous materialsThe sheet sound absorbing material is internally provided with a three-dimensional network structure, and the surface of the fibrous material is adhered with a porous powder material through a precipitation auxiliary agent;
wherein the fibrous material consists of hydrophilic modified chemical synthetic fibers, wherein the hydrophilic modified chemical synthetic fibers are maleic anhydride modified polypropylene fibers with an average width of 45 mu m and an aspect ratio of 70, and the absolute dry mass ratio is 39.60%;
the precipitation aid is starch with an average relative molecular weight of 55 ten thousand;
the porous powder material is ZSM-5 molecular sieve with an average particle diameter of 1.5 mu m and comprises micropores with a pore diameter of 0.55nm and mesopores with a pore diameter of 20 nm;
based on the total weight of the sheet-shaped sound absorbing material as 100%, the absolute dry mass ratio of the fibrous material is 39.60%, the absolute dry mass ratio of the porous powder material is 60.0%, and the absolute dry mass ratio of the precipitation aid is 0.4%;
in this embodiment, the sheet-shaped sound absorbing material is manufactured by a manufacturing method including the following specific steps:
step one: respectively dispersing fibrous materials, porous powder materials and precipitation aids in water according to the formula to obtain fibrous material dispersion liquid, porous powder material dispersion liquid and precipitation aid dispersion liquid;
wherein, based on 100 percent of the total weight of the fibrous material dispersion liquid, the absolute dry mass concentration of the fibrous material is 2.0 percent, based on 100 percent of the total weight of the porous powder material dispersion liquid, the absolute dry mass concentration of the porous powder material is 20 percent, and based on 100 percent of the total weight of the precipitation auxiliary dispersion liquid, the absolute dry mass concentration of the precipitation auxiliary is 0.02 percent;
step two: adding the porous powder material dispersion liquid into the fibrous material dispersion liquid under the condition of stirring, uniformly mixing, adding the precipitation aid dispersion liquid, uniformly mixing, so that the fibrous materials are mutually interweaved, and simultaneously precipitating the porous powder material on the surface of the fibrous materials;
step three: filtering the mixed solution obtained in the step two to obtain a sheet material, wherein the water content of the sheet material is 70wt%;
step four: carrying out air drying on the sheet material, wherein the temperature of the air drying is 110 ℃, the time is 120min, and the sheet sound absorbing material is obtained after the air drying is finished; the absolute dry mass ratio of the porous powder material in the sheet-shaped sound absorbing material is measured by the method shown above, and is compared with the dosage of the porous powder material in the formula, and the comparison result shows that the absolute dry mass ratio and the dosage of the porous powder material are consistent.
Example 3
The present embodiment provides a sheet-like sound-absorbing material having a grammage of 500g/m 2 The sheet-shaped sound absorbing material is formed by interweaving fibrous materials, wherein a three-dimensional network structure is arranged in the sheet-shaped sound absorbing material, and porous powder materials are attached to the surface of the fibrous materials through precipitation aids;
wherein the fibrous material consists of hydrophilic modified chemical synthetic fibers and original chemical synthetic fibers, namely chemical synthetic fibers which are not subjected to hydrophilic modification, wherein the hydrophilic modified chemical synthetic fibers are maleic anhydride modified polyester fibers with average width of 15 mu m and length-diameter ratio of 100, and the absolute dry mass ratio is 44.25%; the original chemical synthetic fiber is common polyester fiber which is not modified by maleic anhydride and has an average width of 15 mu m and an slenderness ratio of 100, and the absolute dry mass ratio is 20.00%;
the absolute dry mass ratio of the hydrophilic modified chemical synthetic fiber to the original chemical synthetic fiber is 68.9:31.1;
the precipitation aid is guar gum with an average relative molecular weight of 160 ten thousand;
the porous powder material is ZSM-5 molecular sieve with an average particle diameter of 1.5 mu m and comprises micropores with a pore diameter of 0.55nm and mesopores with a pore diameter of 20 nm;
based on the total weight of the sheet-shaped sound absorbing material as 100%, the absolute dry mass ratio of the fibrous material is 64.25%, the absolute dry mass ratio of the porous powder material is 35.5%, and the absolute dry mass ratio of the precipitation auxiliary agent is 0.25%;
in this embodiment, the sheet-shaped sound absorbing material is manufactured by a manufacturing method including the following specific steps:
step one: respectively dispersing fibrous materials, porous powder materials and precipitation aids in water according to the formula to obtain fibrous material dispersion liquid, porous powder material dispersion liquid and precipitation aid dispersion liquid;
wherein, based on 100 percent of the total weight of the fibrous material dispersion liquid, the absolute dry mass concentration of the fibrous material is 2.0 percent, based on 100 percent of the total weight of the porous powder material dispersion liquid, the absolute dry mass concentration of the porous powder material is 20 percent, and based on 100 percent of the total weight of the precipitation auxiliary dispersion liquid, the absolute dry mass concentration of the precipitation auxiliary is 0.02 percent;
step two: adding the porous powder material dispersion liquid into the fibrous material dispersion liquid under the condition of stirring, uniformly mixing, adding the precipitation aid dispersion liquid, uniformly mixing, so that the fibrous materials are mutually interweaved, and simultaneously precipitating the porous powder material on the surface of the fibrous materials;
step three: filtering the mixed solution obtained in the step two to obtain a sheet material, wherein the water content of the sheet material is 70wt%;
step four: carrying out air drying on the sheet material, wherein the temperature of the air drying is 110 ℃, the time is 120min, and the sheet sound absorbing material is obtained after the air drying is finished; the absolute dry mass ratio of the porous powder material in the sheet-shaped sound absorbing material is measured by the method shown above, and is compared with the dosage of the porous powder material in the formula, and the comparison result shows that the absolute dry mass ratio and the dosage of the porous powder material are consistent.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a sheet-like sound absorbing material which differs from example 1 only in that:
the fibrous material consists of original chemical synthetic fibers, wherein the original chemical synthetic fibers are common polyester fibers which are not modified by maleic anhydride and have the average width of 15 mu m and the length-diameter ratio of 100, and the absolute dry mass ratio is 19.50 percent.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a sheet-like sound absorbing material which differs from example 2 only in that:
the fibrous material consists of original chemical synthetic fibers, wherein the original chemical synthetic fibers are common polypropylene fibers which are not modified by maleic anhydride and have an average width of 45 mu m and an aspect ratio of 70, and the absolute dry mass ratio is 39.60%.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example provides a sheet-like sound absorbing material which differs from example 1 only in that:
the hydrophilically modified chemical synthetic fibers are maleic anhydride-modified polypropylene fibers having an average width of 15 μm and an aspect ratio of 7.5.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example provides a sheet-like sound absorbing material which differs from example 1 only in that:
the hydrophilically modified chemical synthetic fibers are maleic anhydride-modified polypropylene fibers having an average width of 15 μm and an aspect ratio of 510.
Test example 1
The sheet-like sound-absorbing materials provided in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 4 above were cut into 10 x 10mm sizes, weighed, and then the resonance frequency deviation Δf0 of the sheet-like sound-absorbing materials was measured according to the 7.4 part of the group standard porous sound-absorbing particles for micro speakers (standard number: T/CECA 78-2022), respectively, and the specific results are shown in table 1 below.
Table 1 acoustic performance data of the sheet-like sound-absorbing materials of example 1-example 3 and comparative examples 1-comparative example 4
The sheet-like sound-absorbing materials obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were cut into a size of 10 x 10mm by calculation, and the molecular sieve absolute dry mass in each sheet-like sound-absorbing material was: 40.0mg, 30.0mg, 17.75mg, 40.0mg, 30.0mg, 40.0mg and 40.0mg.
The acoustic efficiency of the sheet-like sound absorbing material per unit mass was calculated according to the following formula, and the obtained acoustic efficiency data are shown in table 2 below.
Acoustic efficiency = Δf0/(absolute dry mass of molecular sieve), units: hz/mg.
Table 2 acoustic efficiency data of the sheet-like sound absorbing materials provided in example 1-example 3 and comparative examples 1-comparative example 4
| Acoustic efficiency Hz/mg | |
| Example 1 | 1.250 |
| Example 2 | 1.267 |
| Example 3 | 1.465 |
| Comparative example 1 | 1.250 |
| Comparative example 2 | 1.267 |
| Comparative example 3 | 1.000 |
| Comparative example 4 | 0.975 |
As is clear from the experimental data in tables 1 and 2, the sheet-like sound absorbing materials provided in examples 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention all have high-efficiency acoustic properties.
As is also known from the experimental data in the above tables 1 and 2, the acoustic properties of the sheet-like sound absorbing materials obtained in example 1 and comparative example 1, example 2 and comparative example 2 are correspondingly the same, which suggests that the use of the hydrophilic modified chemical synthetic fibers does not affect the acoustic properties of the sheet-like sound absorbing materials.
As is also known from the experimental data in the above tables 1 and 2, the acoustic properties of the sheet-like sound-absorbing material provided in comparative example 3 are inferior to those of the sheet-like sound-absorbing material provided in example 1, because: the aspect ratio of the hydrophilically modified chemical synthetic fiber was only 7.5, and was not in the range of 8 to 500, i.e., the hydrophilically modified chemical synthetic fiber was too short, and at this time, the three-dimensional network structure built up by the hydrophilically modified chemical synthetic fiber was not ideal enough, and the pores were insufficient, resulting in that both the acoustic properties and the acoustic efficiency of the sheet-like sound absorbing material provided in comparative example 3 were significantly inferior to those of example 1, and the acoustic properties were significantly lowered.
As is also known from the experimental data in the above tables 1 and 2, the acoustic properties of the sheet-like sound-absorbing material provided in comparative example 4 are inferior to those of the sheet-like sound-absorbing material provided in example 1, because: the aspect ratio of the hydrophilic modified chemical synthetic fibers is not in the range of 8-500 and is as high as 510, namely the hydrophilic modified chemical synthetic fibers are too long, so that the hydrophilic modified chemical synthetic fibers are not easy to disperse due to mutual interweaving, and therefore, the fibers in the powder sheet are unevenly dispersed, the performance of the powder sheet is affected, the acoustic performance and the acoustic efficiency of the sheet-shaped sound absorbing material provided in comparative example 4 are obviously inferior to those of example 1, and the acoustic performance is obviously reduced.
Test example 2
In this test example, the sheet-like sound absorbing materials provided in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were cut into 10 x 10mm sizes, and then the sheet-like sound absorbing materials were subjected to high temperature and high humidity storage Δf' HTHR according to the technical contents described in section 7.8.4 of the group standard porous sound absorbing particles for micro speakers (standard number: T/CECA 78-2022), respectively, and the specific results are shown in table 3 below.
Table 3 high temperature and high humidity storage Δf' HTHR test data for the sheet-like sound absorbing materials provided in example 1-example 3 and comparative examples 1-comparative example 4
| △f’HTHR Hz | |
| Example 1 | 1 |
| Example 2 | 0 |
| Example 3 | -1 |
| Comparative example 1 | -8 |
| Comparative example 2 | -6 |
| Comparative example 3 | 0 |
| Comparative example 4 | -1 |
As can be seen from table 3 above, the acoustic properties of the sheet-like sound absorbing materials provided in examples 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention were not reduced after the high temperature and high humidity treatment, which indicates that the sheet-like sound absorbing materials all have stable properties. However, the sheet-like sound absorbing materials provided in comparative examples 1 and 2 were significantly reduced in acoustic properties after being subjected to high temperature and high humidity treatment, which fully demonstrates that the hydrophilically modified synthetic fibers have an important effect on the high temperature and high humidity storage Δf' HTHR of the sheet-like sound absorbing materials. In addition, since the maleic anhydride-modified polypropylene fibers were used in each of comparative example 3 and comparative example 4, the acoustic properties of the sheet-like acoustic materials obtained by the high-temperature and high-humidity treatment were not significantly reduced, indicating that the sheet-like acoustic materials also had stable properties, but the acoustic properties (acoustic properties in table 1 and acoustic efficiency in table 2) were inferior to those of the examples corresponding thereto.
Test example 3
The surface morphology of the sheet-like sound absorbing materials provided in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention was obtained by using a high-definition digital microscope, and the experimental results obtained are shown in fig. 1 to 3, respectively. As apparent from fig. 1 to 3, the sheet-shaped sound absorbing material provided by the embodiment of the present invention has a three-dimensional network structure formed by interweaving fibrous materials, and the porous powder material particles are precipitated on the surface of the fibrous materials and in the three-dimensional network structure by the action of the precipitation aid. Meanwhile, as can be seen from fig. 1 to fig. 3, the surface of the sheet-shaped sound absorbing material provided by the embodiment of the invention has rich porous structures; and the higher the absolute dry mass ratio of the porous powder material particles in the sheet-shaped sound absorbing material is, the more obvious the porous powder material particles can be adhered to the porous powder material particles in the three-dimensional network structure under the action of the precipitation auxiliary agent.
Test example 4
In this test example, SEM analysis was performed on the sheet-like sound absorbing material provided in example 2 of the present invention, and the SEM image obtained is shown in fig. 4. As can be seen from fig. 4, the sheet-shaped sound absorbing material provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention has a large number of pore structures, i.e., three-dimensional network structures formed by interweaving fibrous materials, and has high porosity. From this, it is reasonably assumed that a large number of pore structures exist in the sheet-like sound absorbing material prepared in other embodiments of the present invention, and the porosity is high.
Comparative test example 1
This comparative test example was first accurately weighed 40.0mg, 30.0mg, 17.75mg of the existing commercially available acoustic enhancement particles (average particle diameter: 420 μm), and then the existing commercially available acoustic enhancement particles were tested for acoustic properties Δf0, high temperature and high humidity storage Δf' HTHR according to the same test method as that of test example 1 and test example 2, and the results are shown in table 4 below.
Table 4 test results for commercially available acoustically enhanced particles
| Mass mg | Δf0/Hz | △f’ HTHR/ Hz |
| 40.0 | 46 | -4 |
| 30.0 | 37 | -4 |
| 17.75 | 25 | -2 |
Comparing the experimental data in tables 1, 3 and 4, it can be seen that the acoustic properties Δf0 and the high-temperature and high-humidity storage Δf' HTHR of the sheet-like acoustic absorbing materials provided in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention are significantly better than those of the existing commercially available acoustic reinforcing particles.
The foregoing description of the embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, so that the substitution of equivalent elements or equivalent variations and modifications within the scope of the invention shall fall within the scope of the patent. In addition, the technical features and the technical features, the technical features and the technical invention can be freely combined for use.
Claims (16)
1. The sound absorbing material is characterized in that the sound absorbing material is formed by interweaving fibrous materials, a three-dimensional network structure is arranged in the sound absorbing material, and porous powder materials are attached to the surface of the fibrous materials through precipitation aids;
wherein the fibrous material is a hydrophilically modified chemical synthetic fiber, or a combination of a chemical synthetic fiber that has not been hydrophilically modified and a hydrophilically modified chemical synthetic fiber.
2. The sound absorbing material according to claim 1, wherein the fibrous material has an absolute dry mass ratio of 19.50 to 85.95%, the porous powder material has an absolute dry mass ratio of 14.0 to 80.0%, and the precipitation aid has an absolute dry mass ratio of 0.05 to 0.5% based on 100% of the total weight of the sound absorbing material.
3. The sound absorbing material of claim 1, wherein the fibrous material has a diameter or width in the range of 8-70 μm and an aspect ratio in the range of 8-500.
4. The sound absorbing material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the chemical synthetic fibers that are not hydrophilically modified include one or a combination of several of polypropylene fibers, polyamide fibers, polyethylene fibers, polyester fibers, polylactic acid fibers, polyetheretherketone fibers, polyphenylene sulfide fibers, and polyacrylonitrile fibers.
5. The sound absorbing material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hydrophilically modified chemical synthetic fibers include one or a combination of several of hydrophilically modified polypropylene fibers, hydrophilically modified polyamide fibers, hydrophilically modified polyethylene fibers, hydrophilically modified polyester fibers, hydrophilically modified polylactic acid fibers, hydrophilically modified polyetheretherketone fibers, hydrophilically modified polyphenylene sulfide fibers, and hydrophilically modified polyacrylonitrile fibers.
6. A sound absorbing material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the fibrous material comprises a circular, flat or profiled shape, wherein the profiled shape comprises a cross-shaped structure, a skin-core structure, a triangular structure, a clover structure, a king-shaped structure, a Y-shaped structure or a hollow structure.
7. The sound absorbing material of claim 1, wherein the porous powder material comprises one or a combination of several of zeolite molecular sieve, activated silica, activated carbon, surface porous calcium carbonate, surface porous calcium silicate, alumina, hydrogel, aerogel.
8. The sound absorbing material according to claim 7, wherein the zeolite molecular sieve has a particle diameter of 0.5 to 10 μm and comprises micropores having a pore diameter of 0.3 to 0.7nm and mesopores having a pore diameter of 10 to 30 nm.
9. The sound absorbing material of claim 7 or 8, wherein the zeolite molecular sieve comprises one or a combination of several of MFI structure molecular sieve, FER structure molecular sieve, CHA structure molecular sieve, MEL structure molecular sieve, TON structure molecular sieve, and MTT structure molecular sieve.
10. The sound absorbing material of claim 1, wherein the precipitation aid comprises one or a combination of several of polyacrylamide, starch, polyethylenimine, polyimide, and guar gum.
11. A sound absorbing material according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the sound absorbing material has a grammage in the range of 50-1200g/m 2 。
12. A sound absorbing material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the shape of the sound absorbing material comprises a sheet, a block or an irregular shape.
13. The method of producing a sound absorbing material according to any one of claims 1 to 12, comprising:
step one: respectively dispersing fibrous materials, porous powder materials and precipitation aids in water to obtain fibrous material dispersion liquid, porous powder material dispersion liquid and precipitation aid dispersion liquid;
step two: adding the porous powder material dispersion liquid into the fibrous material dispersion liquid, uniformly mixing, adding the precipitation aid dispersion liquid, uniformly mixing, so that the fibrous materials are mutually interwoven, and simultaneously precipitating the porous powder material on the surface of the fibrous materials;
step three: filtering the mixed solution obtained in the step two to obtain a precursor material;
step four: and drying the precursor material to obtain the sound absorbing material.
14. A loudspeaker comprising one or more acoustic sensors, one or more housings, the one or more acoustic sensors in combination with the one or more housings forming a loudspeaker rear cavity, wherein the loudspeaker rear cavity is fitted with a sound absorbing material according to any one of claims 1-12.
15. An electronic device, characterized in that a sound absorbing material according to any one of claims 1-12 is fitted in a rear speaker chamber of the electronic device.
16. The electronic device of claim 15, wherein the electronic device comprises a smart phone, a TWS headset, a smart glasses, a smart watch, a VR device, an AR device, a tablet computer, or a lightweight notebook computer.
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