CN117213938A - Thin-specification high-strength steel crack sensitivity evaluation method, device and storage medium - Google Patents

Thin-specification high-strength steel crack sensitivity evaluation method, device and storage medium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117213938A
CN117213938A CN202311071734.4A CN202311071734A CN117213938A CN 117213938 A CN117213938 A CN 117213938A CN 202311071734 A CN202311071734 A CN 202311071734A CN 117213938 A CN117213938 A CN 117213938A
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sample
force
cracks
crack
displacement curve
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Inventor
余立
魏星
陈寅
陈明
刘渊媛
董蓓
周少云
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Wuhan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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Wuhan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202311071734.4A priority Critical patent/CN117213938A/en
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Abstract

The application relates to a thin-specification high-strength steel crack sensitivity evaluation method, a device and a storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: processing a reference sample without cracks; processing a comparison sample with cracks; prefabricating fatigue cracks on the comparative sample; drawing a first force versus displacement curve of the reference specimen; drawing a second force and displacement curve of the comparison sample; and calculating a crack sensitivity coefficient according to the first force and displacement curve and the second force and displacement curve. The application avoids the criterion for artificially judging the generation of cracks, eliminates the influence of human factors and ensures that the accuracy of the result is higher; the influence of different punching processes on the edge damage of the sample is eliminated, so that the edge damage of the sample is positioned on the same horizontal line, and the judgment of crack sensitivity is more scientific and reliable; the crack sensitivity in different directions can be tested according to the requirements, so that the blanking process is guided, and the stress direction of the flanging crack risk is in the direction of relatively low sensitivity of the material.

Description

Thin-specification high-strength steel crack sensitivity evaluation method, device and storage medium
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of agricultural activities, in particular to a thin-specification high-strength steel crack sensitivity evaluation method, a device and a storage medium.
Background
High strength steel sheets are largely used for the body-in-white of automobiles due to the demands of the automobiles for light weight and collision safety. The high-strength steel part is relatively simple in geometric shape compared with the soft steel deep-drawing part, the failure modes of the soft steel part are also greatly different, the soft steel part is subjected to plane strain, bulging and other cracking at deep drawing positions such as part fillets and the like, and the high-strength steel part is often subjected to flanging cracking at the edges of the material.
The high-strength steel flanging cracking is related to the size and the direction of burrs at the edge, and has a certain relation with the characteristics of the material, namely the sensitivity of the material to cracks. The sensitivity of the material to the cracks is related to flanging cracking, and the existence of the microcracks on the fracture can be seen from the microcosmic view because the material is sheared and extruded by the sword blade during blanking to cause certain damage to the edge of the plate, and the microcracks are expanded because the stress concentration of the material is formed during the flanging stretching process due to the existence of the microcracks, so that the edge of the material is deformed to generate cracking when the elongation rate of the material is far smaller than that of the material. If the material has strong crack-stopping performance, microcracks of the material can be passivated at crack tips, further expansion of cracks is slowed down or prevented, and the macroscopic appearance of the material has good flanging performance; in contrast, if the crack-stopping performance of the material is poor, the crack sensitivity is high, microcracks can rapidly expand, and macrocracks are gradually accumulated to form macroscopic cracks so as to cause the failure of the edge.
Evaluating crack sensitivity of thin high-strength steel in a large deformation process is a difficulty in the industry, and the flanging performance of materials is often represented by hole expansion ratio in the industry, and the method has great limitation:
(1) According to the method, the machine is stopped when the occurrence of the penetrating crack is observed artificially, the ratio (hole expansion ratio) of the diameter increment of the current hole to the original hole diameter is used as the characteristic of evaluating flanging, and the artificial factors are large, particularly, the method has large uncertainty for judging the penetrating crack of the sheet material with thin specification, so that the fluctuation of the experiment is large, and the reliability is relatively poor;
(2) The method is greatly affected by blanking (trimming) of the plate, the die states of different laboratories are different (such as clearance, sharpness of a sword blade and the like) during punching, the initial states of test sample pieces are inconsistent due to uncertain factors, non-material factors which can influence test results are introduced, and the test results cannot completely reflect the characteristics of materials;
(3) The method cannot judge crack sensitivity of the material in different directions, particularly the sheet material tends to have variability, namely the performance of the sheet material in each direction is different, the crack sensitivity is also different, the flanging performance of the material can only be judged to be the weakest direction through the penetrating crack of the round hole, the performance in different directions (such as rolling direction, transverse direction and the like) cannot be represented, and the method has no guiding significance for finding out the optimal forming direction.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems or at least partially solve the technical problems, the application provides a thin-specification high-strength steel crack sensitivity evaluation method, a device and a storage medium.
In a first aspect, the application provides a method for evaluating crack sensitivity of a thin-gauge high-strength steel, the method comprising the steps of:
processing a reference sample without cracks;
processing a comparison sample with cracks;
prefabricating fatigue cracks on the comparative sample;
drawing a first force versus displacement curve of the reference specimen;
drawing a second force and displacement curve of the comparison sample;
and calculating a crack sensitivity coefficient according to the first force and displacement curve and the second force and displacement curve.
Preferably, the processing of the reference sample without cracks comprises the steps of:
obtaining a rectangular stretching sample without cracks;
polishing the edge of the rectangular stretching sample;
the sides of the rectangular stretched sample are ground to a smooth mirror surface.
Preferably, the processing of the cracked comparative sample comprises the steps of:
obtaining a rectangular stretching sample with cracks;
processing a V-shaped notch in the middle of one side of the rectangular stretching sample;
polishing the edge of the rectangular stretching sample;
the sides of the rectangular stretched sample are ground to a smooth mirror surface.
Preferably, said prefabricating fatigue cracks on said comparative sample comprises the steps of:
installing an extensometer at the notch of the comparison sample;
processing fatigue cracks of the comparative sample by using a low stress amplitude fatigue method;
the length of the fatigue crack is measured by a compliance method.
Preferably, said plotting the first force versus displacement curve of the reference specimen comprises the steps of:
placing the reference sample on a tensile testing machine;
performing a tensile test on the reference sample;
the force and the first force versus displacement curve of the clamp are recorded.
Preferably, said plotting the second force versus displacement curve of the comparative sample comprises the steps of:
placing the comparative sample on a tensile testing machine;
performing a tensile test on the comparative sample;
the force and the second force versus displacement curve of the clamp are recorded.
Preferably, the expression of the crack sensitivity coefficient is:
wherein R represents the crack sensitivity coefficient, fn represents the maximum force of the reference sample on the tensile testing machine, and Fc represents the maximum force of the comparison sample on the tensile testing machine.
In a second aspect, a thin gauge high strength steel crack sensitivity evaluation device is provided, comprising:
the reference sample processing module is used for processing a reference sample without cracks;
the comparison sample processing module is used for processing a comparison sample with cracks;
a fatigue crack prefabrication module for prefabricating a fatigue crack in the comparative sample;
a first curve plotting module for plotting a first force versus displacement curve of the reference sample;
a second curve drawing module for drawing a second force and displacement curve of the comparison sample;
and the sensitivity coefficient calculation module is used for calculating crack sensitivity coefficients according to the first force and displacement curve and the second force and displacement curve.
In a third aspect, an electronic device is provided, including a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, where the processor, the communication interface, and the memory complete communication with each other through the communication bus;
a memory for storing a computer program;
and the processor is used for realizing the thin-specification high-strength steel crack sensitivity evaluation step according to any embodiment of the first aspect when executing the program stored in the memory.
In a fourth aspect, a computer readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored, which computer program, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of thin gauge high strength steel crack sensitivity evaluation according to any one of the embodiments of the first aspect.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application has the following advantages:
the thin-specification high-strength steel crack sensitivity evaluation method, the thin-specification high-strength steel crack sensitivity evaluation device and the storage medium provided by the application avoid the criterion for manually judging the generation of cracks, eliminate the influence of human factors and enable the precision of the result to be higher; the influence of different punching processes on the edge damage of the sample is eliminated, so that the edge damage of the sample is positioned on the same horizontal line, and the judgment of crack sensitivity is more scientific and reliable; the crack sensitivity in different directions can be tested according to the requirements, so that the blanking process is guided, and the stress direction of the flanging crack risk is in the direction of relatively low sensitivity of the material.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the application or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it will be obvious to a person skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for evaluating crack sensitivity of a thin-gauge high-strength steel provided by an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a thin-gauge high-strength steel crack sensitivity evaluation device provided by an embodiment of the application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a non-transitory computer readable storage medium according to the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a reference sample in a method for evaluating crack sensitivity of a thin gauge high strength steel according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a comparative sample in a method for evaluating crack sensitivity of a thin gauge high strength steel according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of force-displacement curves of two samples in a method for evaluating crack sensitivity of a thin-gauge high-strength steel according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of force-displacement curves of two samples in an embodiment of a method for evaluating sensitivity of a thin-gauge high-strength steel crack according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for evaluating crack sensitivity of a thin-gauge high-strength steel according to an embodiment of the present application.
The application provides a thin-specification high-strength steel crack sensitivity evaluation method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, processing a reference sample without cracks;
in an embodiment of the present application, the processing of the reference sample without cracks includes the steps of:
obtaining a rectangular stretching sample without cracks;
polishing the edge of the rectangular stretching sample;
the sides of the rectangular stretched sample are ground to a smooth mirror surface.
Specifically, the edges of the reference sample without cracks need to be polished, burrs and microscopic damages cannot be caused, and the sides of the rectangular tensile sample are polished to a smooth mirror surface.
S2, processing a comparison sample with cracks;
in an embodiment of the present application, the processing of a cracked comparative sample includes the steps of:
obtaining a rectangular stretching sample with cracks;
processing a V-shaped notch in the middle of one side of the rectangular stretching sample;
polishing the edge of the rectangular stretching sample;
the sides of the rectangular stretched sample are ground to a smooth mirror surface.
Specifically, the effective sections of the reference sample and the comparative sample in the stretching direction are consistent, the comparative sample with the crack is cut into a V-shaped notch by a line on one side in the middle of the length of the sample, the notch is used for clamping the extensometer, and the notch crack d recommends 2mm.
S3, prefabricating fatigue cracks on the comparison sample;
in an embodiment of the present application, the prefabricating fatigue cracks on the comparative sample comprises the steps of:
installing an extensometer at the notch of the comparison sample;
processing fatigue cracks of the comparative sample by using a low stress amplitude fatigue method;
the length of the fatigue crack is measured by a compliance method.
Specifically, a fatigue crack is processed by a low stress amplitude fatigue method on a comparison sample with a pre-crack, an extensometer is arranged at a notch, the length of the fatigue crack is measured by a compliance method, the maximum value of the stress amplitude cannot exceed the yield strength of a material, the recommended stress amplitude is 0.1, so that the crack is flatter, the crack expansion speed is slower, the length of the crack can be better controlled, the length of the crack is controlled according to effective ligaments of two samples, and the effective cross sections of a rectangular sample and the pre-crack with the rectangular sample are equal after the pre-fatigue crack is ensured.
S4, drawing a first force and displacement curve of the reference sample;
in an embodiment of the present application, the plotting the first force versus displacement curve of the reference sample includes the steps of:
placing the reference sample on a tensile testing machine;
performing a tensile test on the reference sample;
the force and the first force versus displacement curve of the clamp are recorded.
Specifically, a tensile test is performed on a tensile testing machine on a reference sample, a displacement curve of force and clamp, namely an F-V curve, is recorded, and the force F at the L displacement position on the F-V curve is taken and recorded as Fn.
S5, drawing a second force and displacement curve of the comparison sample;
in an embodiment of the present application, the plotting the second force versus displacement curve of the comparative sample includes the steps of:
placing the comparative sample on a tensile testing machine;
performing a tensile test on the comparative sample;
the force and the second force versus displacement curve of the clamp are recorded.
Specifically, the comparative sample was subjected to a tensile test on a tensile tester, and the force and clamp displacement curve, i.e., the F-V curve, was recorded, taking the force F at the L displacement on the F-V curve, and recording as Fn.
And S6, calculating crack sensitivity coefficients according to the first force and displacement curve and the second force and displacement curve.
Specifically, tensile tests are respectively carried out on a reference sample and a comparison sample on a tensile testing machine, force-displacement curves (F-V curves) of the two samples are respectively recorded, as shown in fig. 7, displacement L corresponding to the maximum force value Fc of the F-V curve of the comparison sample with the prefabricated notch is taken as a reference, the force value corresponding to the displacement L is found on the F-V curve of the reference sample and recorded as Fn, the ratio R of Fn to Fc is used for evaluating the crack sensitivity coefficient of the material, and the crack sensitivity coefficient has the expression:
wherein R represents the crack sensitivity coefficient, fn represents the maximum force of the reference sample on the tensile testing machine, and Fc represents the maximum force of the comparison sample on the tensile testing machine.
Examples:
the method is described using the QP980 material as an example, and the basic material parameters of QP980 are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1
Material Rp0.2/MPa Rm/MPa Agt n r
QP980 698 1047 0.16 0.179 1.020
And selecting a proper direction for sample preparation, wherein the direction is the crack sensitivity coefficient of the direction of the plate to be tested.
The two sides of the rectangular sample are polished by sand paper, and the length sides of the rectangular sample are polished by 80# sand paper, 200# sand paper, 500# sand paper and 800# sand paper respectively until the mirror surface is reached, and simultaneously the change of the gap opposite surface of the gap sample is polished according to the same standard until the mirror surface is reached.
The basic information of the test sample is shown in table 2, fatigue cracks of the notch test sample are prefabricated through high-frequency fatigue, in order to control the length of the cracks, the fatigue crack rate is low, a high fatigue stress ratio r=0.5 is recommended, an extensometer is arranged at the notch, the length of the cracks is monitored through a compliance method, and the length of the crack d is controlled, so that the notch test sample b+d=5 mm, and therefore the rectangular test sample and the notch test sample are guaranteed to have ligaments with the same cross section.
TABLE 2
The two samples were subjected to tensile test, and force and displacement curves were recorded, and as shown in fig. 4, for the notched sample, the maximum force value fc= 54723N of the notched sample and the corresponding displacement lc=12.47 mm were recorded, and then at the same displacement position lc=12.47 mm of the rectangular sample, the corresponding example fn=61202N was obtained.
As shown in fig. 2, there is provided a thin gauge high strength steel crack sensitivity evaluation device comprising:
a reference sample processing module 10 for processing a reference sample without cracks;
a comparative sample processing module 20 for processing a cracked comparative sample;
a fatigue crack prefabrication module 30 for prefabricating a fatigue crack in the comparative sample;
a first curve plotting module 40 for plotting a first force versus displacement curve of the reference sample;
a second curve plotting module 50 for plotting a second force versus displacement curve of the comparative sample;
the sensitivity coefficient calculating module 60 is configured to calculate a crack sensitivity coefficient according to the first force and displacement curve and the second force and displacement curve.
The thin-specification high-strength steel crack sensitivity evaluation device provided by the application can execute the thin-specification high-strength steel crack sensitivity evaluation method provided by the steps.
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present application are merely illustrative of or explanation of the principles of the present application and are in no way limiting of the application. Accordingly, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application should be included in the scope of the present application. Furthermore, the appended claims are intended to cover all such changes and modifications that fall within the scope and boundary of the appended claims, or equivalents of such scope and boundary.
Referring now to fig. 3, a schematic diagram of an electronic device 100 suitable for use in implementing embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. The electronic devices in the embodiments of the present disclosure may include, but are not limited to, mobile terminals such as mobile phones, notebook computers, digital broadcast receivers, PDAs (personal digital assistants), PADs (tablet computers), PMPs (portable multimedia players), in-vehicle terminals (e.g., in-vehicle navigation terminals), and the like, and stationary terminals such as digital TVs, desktop computers, and the like. The electronic device shown in fig. 3 is merely an example and should not be construed to limit the functionality and scope of use of the disclosed embodiments.
As shown in fig. 3, the electronic device 100 may include a processing means (e.g., a central processing unit, a graphics processor, etc.) 101 that may perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a Read Only Memory (ROM) 102 or a program loaded from a storage means 108 into a Random Access Memory (RAM) 103. In the RAM 103, various programs and data necessary for the operation of the electronic apparatus 100 are also stored. The processing device 101, ROM 102, and RAM 103 are connected to each other by a bus 104. An input/output (I/O) interface 105 is also connected to bus 104.
In general, the following devices may be connected to the I/O interface 105: input devices 106 including, for example, a touch screen, touchpad, keyboard, mouse, image sensor, microphone, accelerometer, gyroscope, etc.; an output device 107 including, for example, a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), a speaker, a vibrator, and the like; storage devices 108 including, for example, magnetic tape, hard disk, etc.; and a communication device 109. The communication means 109 may allow the electronic device 100 to communicate wirelessly or by wire with other devices to exchange data. While an electronic device 100 having various means is shown in the figures, it is to be understood that not all of the illustrated means are required to be implemented or provided. More or fewer devices may be implemented or provided instead.
In particular, according to embodiments of the present disclosure, the processes described above with reference to flowcharts may be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of the present disclosure include a computer program product comprising a computer program embodied on a computer readable medium, the computer program comprising program code for performing the method shown in the flowcharts. In such an embodiment, the computer program may be downloaded and installed from a network via the communication means 109, or from the storage means 108, or from the ROM 102. The above-described functions defined in the methods of the embodiments of the present disclosure are performed when the computer program is executed by the processing device 101.
Referring now to fig. 4, there is shown a schematic diagram of a computer readable storage medium suitable for use in implementing embodiments of the present disclosure, the computer readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, is capable of implementing a thin gauge high strength steel crack sensitivity evaluation method as described in any one of the above.
The thin-specification high-strength steel crack sensitivity evaluation method, the thin-specification high-strength steel crack sensitivity evaluation device and the storage medium provided by the application avoid the criterion for manually judging the generation of cracks, eliminate the influence of human factors and enable the precision of the result to be higher; the influence of different punching processes on the edge damage of the sample is eliminated, so that the edge damage of the sample is positioned on the same horizontal line, and the judgment of crack sensitivity is more scientific and reliable; the crack sensitivity in different directions can be tested according to the requirements, so that the blanking process is guided, and the stress direction of the flanging crack risk is in the direction of relatively low sensitivity of the material.
It should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the application to enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. The method for evaluating the crack sensitivity of the thin-specification high-strength steel is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
processing a reference sample without cracks;
processing a comparison sample with cracks;
prefabricating fatigue cracks on the comparative sample;
drawing a first force versus displacement curve of the reference specimen;
drawing a second force and displacement curve of the comparison sample;
and calculating a crack sensitivity coefficient according to the first force and displacement curve and the second force and displacement curve.
2. The method for evaluating crack sensitivity of a thin gauge high strength steel according to claim 1, wherein said processing a reference sample without cracks comprises the steps of:
obtaining a rectangular stretching sample without cracks;
polishing the edge of the rectangular stretching sample;
the sides of the rectangular stretched sample are ground to a smooth mirror surface.
3. The method for evaluating crack sensitivity of a thin gauge high strength steel according to claim 1, wherein the processing of the cracked comparative sample comprises the steps of:
obtaining a rectangular stretching sample with cracks;
processing a V-shaped notch in the middle of one side of the rectangular stretching sample;
polishing the edge of the rectangular stretching sample;
the sides of the rectangular stretched sample are ground to a smooth mirror surface.
4. The method for evaluating crack sensitivity of a thin gauge high strength steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein said prefabricating fatigue cracks on said comparative sample comprises the steps of:
installing an extensometer at the notch of the comparison sample;
processing fatigue cracks of the comparative sample by using a low stress amplitude fatigue method;
the length of the fatigue crack is measured by a compliance method.
5. The method for evaluating the sensitivity to the cracks of the thin gauge high strength steel according to claim 1, wherein the step of plotting the first force versus displacement curve of the reference sample comprises the steps of:
placing the reference sample on a tensile testing machine;
performing a tensile test on the reference sample;
the force and the first force versus displacement curve of the clamp are recorded.
6. The method for evaluating the sensitivity to the crack of the thin gauge high strength steel according to claim 1, wherein the drawing the second force versus displacement curve of the comparative sample comprises the steps of:
placing the comparative sample on a tensile testing machine;
performing a tensile test on the comparative sample;
the force and the second force versus displacement curve of the clamp are recorded.
7. The method for evaluating crack sensitivity of a thin gauge high strength steel according to claim 1, wherein the expression of the crack sensitivity coefficient is:
wherein R represents the crack sensitivity coefficient, fn represents the maximum force of the reference sample on the tensile testing machine, and Fc represents the maximum force of the comparison sample on the tensile testing machine.
8. The utility model provides a thin specification high strength steel crack sensitivity evaluation device which characterized in that includes:
the reference sample processing module is used for processing a reference sample without cracks;
the comparison sample processing module is used for processing a comparison sample with cracks;
a fatigue crack prefabrication module for prefabricating a fatigue crack in the comparative sample;
a first curve plotting module for plotting a first force versus displacement curve of the reference sample;
a second curve drawing module for drawing a second force and displacement curve of the comparison sample;
and the sensitivity coefficient calculation module is used for calculating crack sensitivity coefficients according to the first force and displacement curve and the second force and displacement curve.
9. The electronic equipment is characterized by comprising a processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface and the memory are communicated with each other through the communication bus;
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for implementing the steps of the thin gauge high strength steel crack susceptibility assessment method of any one of claims 1-7 when executing a program stored on a memory.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps of the thin gauge high strength steel crack sensitivity evaluation method as claimed in any one of claims 1-7.
CN202311071734.4A 2023-08-24 2023-08-24 Thin-specification high-strength steel crack sensitivity evaluation method, device and storage medium Pending CN117213938A (en)

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