CN117213661A - Transformer winding temperature measurement method, device, system and equipment based on quantum sensing - Google Patents
Transformer winding temperature measurement method, device, system and equipment based on quantum sensing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a method, a device, a system, an optical device, a storage medium and a computer program product for measuring temperature of a transformer winding based on quantum sensing. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring the initial temperature of a transformer winding of the target transformer at a preset initial moment through a fiber bragg grating temperature measuring device in the target transformer; under the condition that a target transformer operates, obtaining the fluorescence intensity variation of a diamond color center quantum sensor in the target transformer between a preset starting moment and a preset ending moment; and obtaining the target temperature of the transformer winding at the preset end time according to the initial temperature and the fluorescence intensity variation. In the method, the sensitivity and the anti-interference capability of the temperature detection of the transformer winding can be improved, and the accuracy and the simplicity of the temperature detection of the transformer winding can be further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of power detection, in particular to a method, a device, a system, an optical device, a storage medium and a computer program product for measuring temperature of a transformer winding based on quantum sensing.
Background
The transformer is an important device in a power transmission and transformation link, is also a heavy asset with higher value in a power grid system, and the transformer fault often causes power interruption to bring about important economic loss, and an effective transformer fault monitoring technology is important to improving the safety and stability of the power grid system. The temperature rise of the winding has great influence on the insulation safety and service life of the transformer, and the accurate measurement of the temperature of the winding can accurately grasp the running state of the transformer and prevent latent faults.
The traditional transformer winding temperature measurement method mainly comprises thermal resistance, thermocouple, infrared temperature measurement, optical fiber sensing temperature measurement and the like. The thermal resistor and the thermocouple are the most traditional technologies, and a small number of thermocouples are arranged at key positions in the current operation transformer for temperature monitoring; although the infrared temperature measurement technology has higher precision and convenient use, the principle of the infrared temperature measurement technology needs infrared rays to be directly irradiated to the surface of an object to be measured, and is difficult to apply to winding temperature measurement; the optical fiber sensing temperature measurement technology has been developed rapidly in recent years, and an optical fiber temperature sensor is generally bound or stuck on the insulating outer side of transformer winding paper, but the optical fiber temperature sensor is easy to be affected by external factors due to factors such as poor dynamic response of the contact type measuring optical fiber sensor, and measurement is inaccurate. These methods generally suffer from low sensitivity and low accuracy.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing, it is desirable to provide a method, apparatus, system, optical device, storage medium, and computer program product for measuring temperature of a transformer winding based on quantum sensing.
In a first aspect, the application provides a method for measuring temperature of a transformer winding based on quantum sensing, which is applied to an optical device in a transformer winding temperature measuring system based on quantum sensing. The method comprises the following steps:
acquiring the initial temperature of a transformer winding of a target transformer at a preset starting moment through a fiber bragg grating temperature measuring device in the target transformer;
under the condition that a target transformer operates, obtaining the fluorescence intensity variation of a diamond color center quantum sensor in the target transformer between the preset starting moment and the preset ending moment;
and obtaining the target temperature of the transformer winding at the preset end time according to the initial temperature and the fluorescence intensity variation.
In one embodiment, the obtaining the change amount of the fluorescence intensity of the diamond color center quantum sensor in the target transformer between the preset starting time and the preset ending time includes: acquiring first modulated fluorescence intensity of the diamond color center quantum sensor at the preset starting moment; acquiring second modulated fluorescence intensity of the diamond color center quantum sensor at the preset end time; and determining the difference value between the second fluorescence intensity and the first modulation fluorescence intensity as the fluorescence intensity variation.
In one embodiment, the obtaining the first modulated fluorescence intensity of the diamond color center quantum sensor at the preset starting time includes: transmitting a laser signal to the diamond color center quantum sensor at the preset starting moment; the laser signal is used for exciting the diamond color center quantum sensor to emit a first fluorescent signal aiming at the laser signal; and obtaining a modulated microwave signal aiming at the first fluorescent signal, and modulating the first fluorescent signal through the modulated microwave signal to obtain the first modulated fluorescent intensity of the first fluorescent signal.
In one embodiment, the obtaining the second modulated fluorescence intensity of the diamond color center quantum sensor at the preset end time includes: transmitting a laser signal to the diamond color center quantum sensor at the preset end time; the laser signal is used for exciting the diamond color center quantum sensor to emit a second fluorescent signal aiming at the laser signal; and obtaining a modulated microwave signal aiming at the second fluorescent signal, and modulating the second fluorescent signal through the modulated microwave signal to obtain second modulated fluorescent intensity of the second fluorescent signal.
In one embodiment, the obtaining the target temperature of the transformer winding at the preset end time according to the initial temperature and the fluorescence intensity variation includes: and according to the fluorescence variation, acquiring the temperature variation of the transformer winding between the preset starting time and the preset ending time, and determining the sum of the initial temperature and the temperature variation as the target temperature.
In a second aspect, the application provides a transformer winding temperature measurement system based on quantum sensing. The system comprises: the device comprises a diamond color center quantum sensor, an optical device and a fiber grating temperature measuring device; the diamond color center quantum sensor comprises a diamond NV color center and a microwave antenna; the diamond color center quantum sensor is connected with the target transformer through optical fiber communication; the optical device is arranged at a position which meets the preset safety distance outside the target transformer; the optical device and the target transformer are in communication connection through optical fibers and/or cables; the optical device comprises a photoelectric detector and a main control unit, wherein,
the fiber bragg grating temperature measuring device is used for acquiring the initial temperature of a transformer winding of the target transformer at a preset starting moment;
The photoelectric detector is used for acquiring the fluorescence intensity variation of the diamond color center quantum sensor in the target transformer between the preset starting moment and the preset ending moment under the condition that the target transformer operates;
the main control unit is used for acquiring the target temperature of the transformer winding at the preset end time according to the initial temperature and the fluorescence intensity variation.
In one embodiment, the transformer winding temperature measurement system further comprises a laser light source and a microwave generator; the laser light source is arranged on the optical device; the laser light source and the diamond color center quantum sensor are connected through optical fiber communication; the microwave generator is arranged on the optical device; the microwave generator is in communication connection with the main control unit through a cable, wherein the laser light source is used for transmitting laser signals to the diamond color center quantum sensor at the preset starting moment; the laser signal is used for exciting the diamond color center quantum sensor to emit a first fluorescent signal aiming at the laser signal; the microwave generator is used for acquiring a modulated microwave signal aiming at the first fluorescent signal, modulating the first fluorescent signal through the modulated microwave signal and obtaining first modulated fluorescent intensity of the first fluorescent signal.
In a third aspect, the application provides a transformer winding temperature measuring device based on quantum sensing. The device comprises:
the temperature measuring module is used for acquiring the initial temperature of the transformer winding of the target transformer at a preset starting moment through the fiber bragg grating temperature measuring device in the target transformer;
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the fluorescence intensity variation of the diamond color center quantum sensor in the target transformer between the preset starting moment and the preset ending moment under the condition that the target transformer operates;
and the calculation module is used for acquiring the target temperature of the transformer winding at the preset end time according to the initial temperature and the fluorescence intensity variation.
In a fourth aspect, the present application also provides an optical device. The optical device comprises a memory storing a computer program and a processor which when executing the computer program performs the steps of:
acquiring the initial temperature of a transformer winding of a target transformer at a preset starting moment through a fiber bragg grating temperature measuring device in the target transformer;
under the condition that a target transformer operates, obtaining the fluorescence intensity variation of a diamond color center quantum sensor in the target transformer between the preset starting moment and the preset ending moment;
And obtaining the target temperature of the transformer winding at the preset end time according to the initial temperature and the fluorescence intensity variation.
In a fifth aspect, the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which when executed by a processor performs the steps of:
acquiring the initial temperature of a transformer winding of a target transformer at a preset starting moment through a fiber bragg grating temperature measuring device in the target transformer;
under the condition that a target transformer operates, obtaining the fluorescence intensity variation of a diamond color center quantum sensor in the target transformer between the preset starting moment and the preset ending moment;
and obtaining the target temperature of the transformer winding at the preset end time according to the initial temperature and the fluorescence intensity variation.
In a sixth aspect, the application also provides a computer program product. The computer program product comprises a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of:
acquiring the initial temperature of a transformer winding of a target transformer at a preset starting moment through a fiber bragg grating temperature measuring device in the target transformer;
Under the condition that a target transformer operates, obtaining the fluorescence intensity variation of a diamond color center quantum sensor in the target transformer between the preset starting moment and the preset ending moment;
and obtaining the target temperature of the transformer winding at the preset end time according to the initial temperature and the fluorescence intensity variation.
In the method, the device, the system, the optical device, the storage medium and the computer program product for measuring the temperature of the transformer winding based on quantum sensing, the temperature detection of the transformer winding of the target transformer can be realized based on the transformer winding temperature measuring system based on quantum sensing. Under the condition that the target transformer operates, the fiber bragg grating temperature measuring device based on the quantum sensing-based transformer winding temperature measuring system can acquire the initial temperature of the transformer winding of the target transformer at a preset starting moment, and send the initial temperature to a main control unit of the quantum sensing-based transformer winding temperature measuring system through a cable; then, the fluorescence intensity variation of the diamond color center quantum sensor between the preset starting time and the preset ending time can be obtained based on the photoelectric detector of the transformer winding temperature measuring system based on quantum sensing; the fluorescence intensity variation is sent to a main control unit of the transformer winding temperature measurement system based on quantum sensing through a cable; furthermore, the main control unit can obtain the target temperature of the transformer winding at the preset end time according to the initial temperature and the fluorescence intensity variation. In the method provided by the embodiment of the application, the dependence relationship between the diamond NV color center quantum level and the transformer winding can be utilized, in the detection of the transformer winding of the target transformer, the temperature change of the transformer winding of the target transformer can be determined by detecting the change of the modulated fluorescence intensity of the diamond NV color center first fluorescence signal, and the initial temperature of the transformer winding of the target transformer at the preset starting moment can be obtained as the reference temperature based on the fiber bragg grating temperature measuring device, so that the accuracy of the temperature detection of the transformer winding is improved, the influence of medium interference, conductor interference, electromagnetic interference and the like on weak electric signals can be avoided by the diamond NV color center fluorescence detection mode, the sensitivity and the anti-interference capability of the temperature detection of the transformer winding can be improved, and the accuracy and the convenience of the temperature detection of the transformer winding can be further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a transformer winding temperature measurement system based on quantum sensing according to one embodiment;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for measuring temperature of a transformer winding based on quantum sensing according to an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement structure of a fiber grating temperature measuring device according to an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement structure of a fiber grating temperature measuring device and a diamond color center quantum sensor according to an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of fluorescence spectra of diamond color centers provided in one embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of obtaining a change in fluorescence intensity according to one embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a device for measuring temperature of a transformer winding based on quantum sensing according to an embodiment;
fig. 8 is an internal structural view of an optical device according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
The transformer winding temperature measurement method based on quantum sensing provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to a transformer winding temperature measurement system based on quantum sensing as shown in figure 1. The transformer winding temperature measurement system based on quantum sensing can comprise: the device comprises a diamond color center quantum sensor, an optical device and a fiber grating temperature measuring device; the diamond color center quantum sensor comprises a diamond NV color center and a microwave antenna; the diamond color center quantum sensor is connected with the target transformer through optical fiber communication; the optical device is arranged at a position which meets the preset safety distance outside the target transformer; the optical device and the target transformer are in communication connection through optical fibers and/or cables; the optical device comprises a photoelectric detector and a main control unit, wherein,
Target transformer: the target transformer may be a transformer to be detected by partial discharge in the power system, i.e. a transformer to be detected; the transformer to be tested can be any one of transformers in a power system.
Diamond color center quantum sensor: the diamond color center quantum sensor can be arranged on the inner surface of an oil tank of the target transformer and/or near a winding of the target transformer; the diamond color center quantum sensor comprises a diamond NV color center and a microwave antenna; the diamond NV colour centre may be placed at the tip of an optical fibre through which the fluorescent signal emitted by the diamond NV colour centre is transmitted back to the optical device.
Fiber bragg grating temperature measuring device: the initial temperature of the transformer winding of the target transformer at the preset starting moment can be obtained;
photo detector: the device can be arranged in the optical device, and can establish communication connection with the diamond color center quantum sensor through optical fibers; the modulation fluorescence intensity of the fluorescence signal of the diamond color center quantum sensor at each acquisition time can be obtained, so that the fluorescence intensity variation of the diamond color center quantum sensor in the target transformer between the preset starting time and the preset ending time can be obtained; in some possible implementations, obtaining the amount of change in fluorescence intensity may include: the transformer winding temperature measurement system based on quantum sensing also comprises a laser light source and a microwave generator; the laser light source is arranged on the optical device; the laser light source and the diamond color center quantum sensor are connected through optical fiber communication; the microwave generator is arranged on the optical device; the microwave generator is in communication connection with the main control unit through a cable, wherein the laser light source can emit laser signals to the diamond color center quantum sensor at a preset starting moment; the laser signal is used for exciting the diamond color center quantum sensor to emit a fluorescent signal aiming at the laser signal; the microwave generator can acquire a modulated microwave signal aiming at the fluorescent signal, and modulate the fluorescent signal through the modulated microwave signal to obtain first modulated fluorescent intensity of the fluorescent signal. Furthermore, based on the same method, the second modulation fluorescence intensity of the diamond color center quantum sensor at the preset ending moment can be obtained; thus, the difference between the second modulated fluorescence intensity and the first fluorescence intensity can be determined as the amount of change in fluorescence intensity of the diamond color center quantum sensor between the preset start time and the preset end time.
The main control unit: the main control unit can be arranged in the optical device, and can be in communication connection with the microwave generator and the photoelectric detector through cables. The main control unit receives the initial temperature of the transformer winding of the target transformer sent by the fiber bragg grating temperature measuring device through the cable at the preset starting moment and receives the fluorescence intensity variation of the photoelectric detector between the preset starting moment and the preset ending moment, and can acquire the target temperature of the transformer winding at the preset ending moment according to the initial temperature and the fluorescence intensity variation.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a method for measuring temperature of a transformer winding based on quantum sensing is provided, and in this embodiment, the method includes the following steps:
step S201, obtaining the initial temperature of a transformer winding of the target transformer at a preset starting moment through a fiber bragg grating temperature measuring device in the target transformer.
The target transformer can be a transformer to be detected by partial discharge in the power system, namely a transformer to be detected; the transformer to be tested can be any one of transformers in a power system. A transformer is a stationary electrical device for transforming ac voltage and current to transmit ac power. The electric energy transmission is realized according to the principle of electromagnetic induction. The use of the transformer can be divided into a power transformer, a test transformer, an instrument transformer and a transformer with special purposes: the power transformer is necessary equipment for power transmission and distribution and power distribution of power users; a device for performing a withstand voltage (boost) test on the electrical device by the test transformer; the transformer for the instrument is used for electrical measurement and relay protection (PT, CT) of a power distribution system; the transformers for special use include electric furnace transformers for smelting, electric welding transformers, rectifier transformers for electrolysis, small-sized voltage regulating transformers, etc. Under the condition that the target transformer operates, the target transformer is in a state with an electric field, at this time, a plurality of acquisition periods can be set, and each acquisition period can comprise a preset starting time and a preset ending time. In one possible implementation manner, a fiber grating temperature measuring device can be arranged in the target transformer, the fiber grating is encapsulated by copper metal and is arranged in a winding groove together with the diamond color center quantum sensor, as shown in fig. 3, and an embedded arrangement structure of the fiber grating temperature measuring device in a transformer winding is shown in fig. 4, and the arrangement structure of the fiber grating temperature measuring device and the diamond color center quantum sensor in the transformer winding is shown in fig. 4. The initial temperature of the transformer winding of the target transformer at the preset starting moment can be obtained based on the fiber bragg grating temperature measuring device, and then the initial temperature can be used as a reference value of the detection temperature of the subsequent diamond color center quantum sensor, and finally the target temperature of the transformer winding at the preset ending moment is obtained.
Step S202, under the condition that the target transformer is operated, obtaining the fluorescence intensity variation of the diamond color center quantum sensor in the target transformer between the preset starting time and the preset ending time.
In one possible implementation, a diamond color center quantum sensor may be provided in a target transformer, which may be used to temperature detect transformer windings of the target transformer. The diamond NV color center quantum sensor, namely the diamond color center quantum sensor, is a quantum sensor based on a nitrogen-vacancy (NV) color center in diamond. The NV colour centre in diamond is a special defect structure consisting of one nitrogen atom and one vacancy. It has many excellent properties that make it an ideal quantum sensor. The diamond NV color center quantum sensor may be used to measure and detect a variety of physical and environmental parameters including magnetic fields, temperatures, pressures, electric fields, and the like. The working principle is that the quantum state of the NV color center is changed under the action of an external physical field, so that the physical quantity is measured. Specifically, the working process of the diamond NV color center quantum sensor is as follows: preparation: first, a diamond sample containing NV color centers needs to be prepared. This may be achieved by ion implantation or chemical vapour deposition or the like. Laser excitation: the diamond sample is excited by a laser, and the electron spin of the NV color center is excited to a high energy level. Reading: and reading the excited NV color center by a detection laser, and measuring parameters such as fluorescence intensity or fluorescence lifetime. Physical quantity measurement: the external physical field changes the quantum state of the NV color center, thereby affecting the fluorescence signal. From the measurement of the fluorescent signal, the magnitude or change of the external physical field can be deduced. The diamond NV color center quantum sensor has the advantages of high sensitivity, high resolution, wide measurement range and the like. The sensor has wide application prospect in the fields of biomedicine, material science, environmental monitoring and the like, and can be used for high-precision physical quantity measurement and sensing. In summary, a diamond color center quantum sensor can be arranged in the target transformer, and by utilizing the characteristic that the energy spectrum of the diamond color center quantum sensor changes along with the temperature, the detection of the local temperature of the transformer winding can be realized by detecting the change of the ground state zero field splitting value of the NV color center of the diamond color center quantum sensor along with the temperature, but the initial ground state zero field splitting values of the NV color center under different initial environments are different, and the offset of the ODMR spectrum signal characteristic peak gradually increases along with the continuous increase of the temperature. The reason for this is theoretically explored mainly in several aspects: firstly, the change of the energy level splitting degree between the ground state energy level ms=0 and ms= ±1 is caused by the change of temperature, so that the zero field splitting value D value is changed, and finally the energy level deviation is caused; and secondly, the temperature change causes the interval between the internal lattices of the diamond to change, thereby generating energy band change. Specifically, the NV color center has a dual-level structure, can be excited to emit fluorescence, and the fluorescence intensity changes with a change in temperature. When the NV color center is in the ground state, its electron spin can take two different directions, dense (ms=0) and sparse (ms= ±1), respectively. The two states have different energies and the transition between them is excitable. The charge state and the space state of the diamond NV colour centre change with temperature. At lower temperatures, the electron spin of the NV color center will be in the ground state, which is stable. When the temperature rises, the ground state can be thermally excited, the charge state of the ground state is transferred to the excited state, and the spectral characteristics change after the state change. By measuring the intensity and frequency of these optical signals, the temperature at the location of the diamond NV colour centre can be obtained. The diamond has the advantages of extremely high heat conductivity and high temperature measurement precision, and has unique advantages in the complex liquid insulating oil environment of the transformer winding.
The NV color center spin mainly comprises electron spin and atomic nuclear spin, and can realize high-sensitivity measurement of various physical quantities such as an electric field, a magnetic field, temperature, pressure intensity, angular velocity, ion concentration and the like through precise control of atomic spin states. From the foregoing, it is clear that the energy level structure of the NV color center is composed of the ground state 3A2, the excited state 3E, and the metastable states (1 a, 1E). Among them, for realizing spin detection, the ms=0 state and the ms= ±1 state of the ground state 3 A2. When the NV color center is excited by laser, if the initial spin state is ms=0, the NV color center will transition to the excited state 3E, return to the ms=0 state through spontaneous radiation, and emit fluorescence, and the spin in the whole process obeys the conservation law. When the initial spin state is ms= ±1 state, about 70% of the excited state is finally returned to the ground state and then becomes ms=0 state, and the rest 30% is returned to the metastable state (1 a,1 e), and fluorescence is not emitted in the process. By repeating this procedure, about 75% of the NV color centers can be initialized to the ms=0 state, i.e., the initialization of the NV color centers. Then, when the oscillation frequency provided by the microwave is the same as the energy level frequency of ms=0 state and ms= ±1 state (d=2.87 GHz), the electron spin of the microwave is turned over between ms=0 state and ms= ±1 state by the microwave pulse acting on the NV color center, the turning over degree depends on the power, line width and radiation uniformity degree of the microwave antenna, and the change is finally reflected on the fluorescent signal of the collecting end. When the NV color center is used for measurement, due to the sensitivity of electron spin to physical quantity, the change of the physical quantity is coupled to the electron spin to generate the change of a zero-field splitting value D, the NV color center after laser excitation is used, then the change delta D is found in a microwave frequency sweep mode, and the accurate measurement of the temperature is completed by measuring the change of delta D, so that the method is the basic principle of the NV color center spin detection technology.
In addition, at a preset starting time and a preset ending time, a laser power supply contained in the quantum sensing-based transformer winding temperature measurement system can emit a laser signal to a diamond NV color center in the diamond color center quantum sensor through an optical fiber, the laser signal can excite electron spins of the diamond NV color center to a high energy level, in the process, the diamond NV color center can emit a fluorescent signal, the diamond color center quantum sensor can send the fluorescent signal to the microwave generator through the optical fiber, the microwave generator can modulate the fluorescent signal through modulating the microwave signal to obtain a modulated fluorescent signal, the modulated fluorescent signal is transmitted to the photoelectric detector through the optical fiber, the photoelectric detector can measure the intensity of the modulated fluorescent signal to obtain the modulated fluorescent intensity of the modulated fluorescent signal, and therefore, the first modulated fluorescent intensity of the diamond color center quantum sensor at the preset starting time and the second modulated fluorescent intensity of the diamond color center quantum sensor at the preset ending time can be obtained, and the difference value between the second fluorescent intensity and the first modulated fluorescent intensity can be determined to be the change quantity of the fluorescent intensity.
Fluorescent signal refers to visible or near infrared light emitted by a substance upon excitation. When a substance is subjected to excitation energy (e.g., light or electron beam), its internal electrons are excited to a higher energy level. These excited electrons then undergo a non-radiative transition back to the ground state, releasing energy. This energy is emitted in the form of light, i.e. a fluorescent signal is generated. The fluorescent signal has the following characteristics: fluorescence emission wavelength: the emission wavelength of the fluorescent signal is typically greater than the excitation wavelength because some of the energy is lost during the non-radiative transition. The emission wavelength of the fluorescent signal can be measured by fluorescence spectroscopy. Fluorescence intensity: the intensity of the fluorescent signal depends on the intensity of the excitation energy, the concentration of the substance, and the fluorescence quantum yield of the substance itself. The fluorescence intensity may be represented by a peak value of a fluorescence spectrum or an integrated value of the entire spectrum. Fluorescence lifetime: the lifetime of a fluorescent signal refers to the duration of fluorescent emission. The fluorescence lifetime of different substances can vary in the range of nanoseconds to microseconds. The fluorescence lifetime can be measured by a fluorescence decay curve or a fluorescence lifetime meter. Fluorescent signals have wide application in the fields of scientific research, biomedicine, environmental monitoring and the like. By measuring and analyzing the fluorescent signal, information of the substance, such as concentration, molecular structure, chemical reaction, etc., can be obtained, thereby realizing detection, analysis and monitoring of the substance. As shown in fig. 5, the fluorescence spectrum of the diamond NV color center of the diamond color center quantum sensor may be the same.
Step S203, obtaining the target temperature of the transformer winding at the preset end time according to the initial temperature and the fluorescence intensity variation.
When the main control unit in the quantum sensing-based transformer winding temperature measurement system receives the initial temperature of the transformer winding of the target transformer sent by the fiber grating temperature measurement device through the cable at the preset starting moment and receives the change amount of the fluorescence intensity of the photoelectric detector between the preset starting moment and the preset ending moment, the change relation of the fluorescence intensity of the fluorescence signal of the diamond color center quantum sensor along with the temperature can be combined, the temperature change amount of the transformer winding between the preset starting moment and the preset ending moment can be obtained based on the change amount of the fluorescence intensity, and then the sum of the initial temperature and the temperature change amount can be determined to be the target temperature, and the target temperature can be the temperature of the transformer winding at the preset ending moment.
In the method of the embodiment, the temperature detection of the transformer winding of the target transformer can be realized based on the quantum sensing transformer winding temperature measurement system. Under the condition that the target transformer operates, the fiber bragg grating temperature measuring device based on the quantum sensing-based transformer winding temperature measuring system can acquire the initial temperature of the transformer winding of the target transformer at a preset starting moment, and send the initial temperature to a main control unit of the quantum sensing-based transformer winding temperature measuring system through a cable; then, the fluorescence intensity variation of the diamond color center quantum sensor between the preset starting time and the preset ending time can be obtained based on the photoelectric detector of the transformer winding temperature measuring system based on quantum sensing; the fluorescence intensity variation is sent to a main control unit of the transformer winding temperature measurement system based on quantum sensing through a cable; furthermore, the main control unit can obtain the target temperature of the transformer winding at the preset end time according to the initial temperature and the fluorescence intensity variation. In the method provided by the embodiment of the application, the dependence relationship between the diamond NV color center quantum level and the transformer winding can be utilized, in the detection of the transformer winding of the target transformer, the temperature change of the transformer winding of the target transformer can be determined by detecting the change of the modulated fluorescence intensity of the diamond NV color center fluorescence signal, and the initial temperature of the transformer winding of the target transformer at the preset starting moment can be obtained as the reference temperature based on the fiber bragg grating temperature measuring device, so that the accuracy of the temperature detection of the transformer winding is improved.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, step S202 may include the following steps:
step S601, obtaining first modulated fluorescence intensity of the diamond color center quantum sensor at a preset starting moment.
Step S602, obtaining second modulated fluorescence intensity of the diamond color center quantum sensor at a preset end time.
Step S603, determining the difference between the second fluorescence intensity and the first modulated fluorescence intensity as the fluorescence intensity variation.
At a preset starting time and a preset ending time, a laser power supply contained in the quantum sensing-based transformer winding temperature measurement system can emit laser signals to a diamond NV color center in the diamond color center quantum sensor through an optical fiber, the laser signals can excite electron spins of the diamond NV color center to a high energy level, in the process, the diamond NV color center can emit fluorescent signals, the diamond color center quantum sensor can send the fluorescent signals to the microwave generator through the optical fiber, the microwave generator can modulate the fluorescent signals through modulating the microwave signals to obtain modulated fluorescent signals, the modulated fluorescent signals are transmitted to the photoelectric detector through the optical fiber, the photoelectric detector can measure the intensity of the modulated fluorescent signals to obtain modulated fluorescent intensity of the modulated fluorescent signals, and therefore, the first modulated fluorescent intensity of the diamond color center quantum sensor at the preset starting time and the second modulated fluorescent intensity of the diamond color center quantum sensor at the preset ending time can be obtained, and the difference value between the second fluorescent intensity and the first modulated fluorescent intensity can be determined to be the change quantity of the fluorescent intensity.
In one possible implementation, at a preset starting time, a laser signal is emitted to the diamond color center quantum sensor; the laser signal is used for exciting the diamond color center quantum sensor to emit a fluorescent signal aiming at the laser signal; and obtaining a modulated microwave signal aiming at the fluorescent signal, and modulating the fluorescent signal by the modulated microwave signal to obtain the first modulated fluorescent intensity of the fluorescent signal.
In another possible implementation, at a preset end time, a laser signal is emitted to the diamond color center quantum sensor; the laser signal is used for exciting the diamond color center quantum sensor to emit a fluorescent signal aiming at the laser signal; and obtaining a modulated microwave signal aiming at the fluorescent signal, and modulating the fluorescent signal by the modulated microwave signal to obtain second modulated fluorescent intensity of the fluorescent signal.
In the method of the embodiment, the fluorescent signal of the diamond color center quantum sensor can be modulated based on the microwave generator, the modulated fluorescent intensity of the fluorescent signal is accurately calculated, the temperature variation of the transformer winding between the preset starting time and the preset ending time can be conveniently obtained later, the target temperature of the transformer winding is further obtained, and the transformer winding temperature of the target transformer is detected more accurately.
In some embodiments, step S203 may include:
and according to the fluorescence variation, acquiring the temperature variation of the transformer winding between the preset starting time and the preset ending time, and determining the sum of the initial temperature and the temperature variation as the target temperature.
In some possible implementations, a diamond NV color center spin detection technology may be utilized, in combination with a change relation of a fluorescence intensity of a fluorescence signal of the diamond color center quantum sensor with temperature, a temperature change amount of the transformer winding between a preset starting time and a preset ending time may be obtained based on the fluorescence intensity change amount, and further, a sum of the initial temperature and the temperature change amount may be determined as the target temperature, where the target temperature may be a temperature of the transformer winding at the preset ending time.
In the method of the embodiment, the temperature change of the transformer winding of the target transformer can be determined by detecting the change of the modulated fluorescence intensity of the diamond NV color center fluorescence signal, and the initial temperature of the transformer winding of the target transformer at the preset starting moment can be obtained as the reference temperature based on the fiber bragg grating temperature measuring device, so that the accuracy of the temperature detection of the transformer winding is improved.
In some embodiments, a method of preparing in a transformer winding of a target transformer may include:
1. nitrogen (N2) is flowed through the growth chamber using Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) doping to introduce nitrogen impurities into the diamond.
Specifically, the temperature measurement by using the diamond color center quantum sensor is mainly performed by using the diamond NV color center and is realized by using the nitrogen vacancy color center (NV color center) in the diamond. One of the most common impurities found in synthetic and natural diamond is nitrogen, which is a necessary impurity element to create NV colour centre. Nitrogen impurities are introduced using Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) doping to fabricate NV color centers.
2. The growth speed, the growth mode and the surface morphology of the diamond are controlled by controlling the parameters of the nitrogen amount entering the growth chamber, the substrate temperature, the chamber pressure and the like.
3. Samples prepared using chemical vapor deposition doping were mostly mono-substituted nitrogen defects (Ns) and only about 0.5% of the NV colour centers were selected for preparation.
Specifically, the concentration of mono-substituted nitrogen defects (Ns) and Nitrogen Vacancy (NV) defects in diamond, as well as the growth rate, growth pattern and surface morphology of diamond, are all determined by the combination of the following growth conditions: the amount of nitrogen entering the growth chamber, the substrate temperature, the chamber pressure, etc.
4. And annealing the NV color center preparation sample through electron irradiation, and manufacturing the NV color center by using nitrogen defects in a part of the film.
Specifically, in the current technology, a gold stone containing a layer (2 nm thick) of nitrogen-doped material can be grown on a high purity substrate by CVD. Then, a sample produced by electron irradiation may be annealed, and a portion of the nitrogen defects in the thin film may be converted into NV color centers. Furthermore, the NV color center in the CVD nitrogen doped layer shows less depth dispersion and better spin coherence properties than nitrogen ion implantation.
1. Further, the embedded structural arrangement of the diamond color center quantum sensor in the transformer winding may include: a125-micrometer rewinding groove is reserved on a metal wire core of a transformer winding, an NV color center sensing unit is embedded in the winding metal wire groove, and a signal guiding optical fiber is arranged along the wire groove and led out from the winding at a phase change position. The led-out optical fiber is used as a support along structures such as a stay, a screen and the like in the transformer, finally guided to the transformer shell, coupled with an external optical fiber lead through a sealing flange and connected to a terminal of the measuring equipment. Among them, PMDS (polydimethylsiloxane) may be used as the encapsulation material, and epoxy resin may be selected as the external adhesive material.
It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowcharts related to the embodiments described above are sequentially shown as indicated by arrows, these steps are not necessarily sequentially performed in the order indicated by the arrows. The steps are not strictly limited to the order of execution unless explicitly recited herein, and the steps may be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some of the steps in the flowcharts described in the above embodiments may include a plurality of steps or a plurality of stages, which are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, and the order of the steps or stages is not necessarily performed sequentially, but may be performed alternately or alternately with at least some of the other steps or stages.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the application also provides a transformer winding temperature measuring device based on quantum sensing, which is used for realizing the transformer winding temperature measuring method based on quantum sensing. The implementation scheme of the device for solving the problem is similar to that described in the above method, so the specific limitation in the embodiment of the one or more quantum sensing-based transformer winding temperature measuring devices provided below can be referred to the limitation of the quantum sensing-based transformer winding temperature measuring method hereinabove, and will not be repeated here.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, there is provided a transformer winding temperature measuring device based on quantum sensing, including: a temperature measurement module 701, an acquisition module 702 and a calculation module 703, wherein:
the temperature measurement module 701 is configured to obtain an initial temperature of a transformer winding of a target transformer at a preset starting time through a fiber bragg grating temperature measurement device in the target transformer;
an obtaining module 702, configured to obtain, when a target transformer is running, a change amount of fluorescence intensity of a diamond color center quantum sensor in the target transformer between the preset starting time and the preset ending time;
and a calculating module 703, configured to obtain a target temperature of the transformer winding at the preset end time according to the initial temperature and the fluorescence intensity variation.
In addition, the obtaining module 702 is further configured to: acquiring first modulated fluorescence intensity of the diamond color center quantum sensor at the preset starting moment; acquiring second modulated fluorescence intensity of the diamond color center quantum sensor at the preset end time; and determining the difference value between the second fluorescence intensity and the first modulation fluorescence intensity as the fluorescence intensity variation.
In one possible implementation, the obtaining module 702 is further configured to: transmitting a laser signal to the diamond color center quantum sensor at the preset starting moment; the laser signal is used for exciting the diamond color center quantum sensor to emit a fluorescent signal aiming at the laser signal; and obtaining a modulated microwave signal aiming at the fluorescent signal, and modulating the fluorescent signal through the modulated microwave signal to obtain the first modulated fluorescent intensity of the fluorescent signal.
The computing module 703 is further configured to: and according to the fluorescence variation, acquiring the temperature variation of the transformer winding between the preset starting time and the preset ending time, and determining the sum of the initial temperature and the temperature variation as the target temperature.
All or part of each module in the transformer winding temperature measuring device based on quantum sensing can be realized by software, hardware and a combination thereof. The above modules may be embedded in hardware or may be independent of a processor in the optical device, or may be stored in software in a memory in the optical device, so that the processor may call and execute operations corresponding to the above modules.
In one embodiment, an optical device is provided, which may be a server, the internal structure of which may be as shown in fig. 8. The optical device includes a processor, a memory, and a network interface connected by a system bus. Wherein the processor of the optical device is configured to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the optical device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, computer programs, and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage media. The database of the optical device is used for storing relevant data of the temperature measurement of the transformer winding based on quantum sensing. The network interface of the optical device is used for communicating with an external terminal through a network connection. The computer program, when executed by a processor, implements a method for measuring temperature of a transformer winding based on quantum sensing.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the structure shown in fig. 8 is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure associated with the present inventive arrangements and is not limiting of the optical device to which the present inventive arrangements are applied, and that a particular optical device may include more or fewer components than shown, or may combine some of the components, or have a different arrangement of components.
In one embodiment, there is also provided an optical device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory having stored therein a computer program, the processor implementing the steps of the method embodiments described above when the computer program is executed.
In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored which, when executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method embodiments described above.
In an embodiment, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method embodiments described above.
The user information (including but not limited to user equipment information, user personal information, etc.) and the data (including but not limited to data for analysis, stored data, presented data, etc.) related to the present application are information and data authorized by the user or sufficiently authorized by each party.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that implementing all or part of the above described methods may be accomplished by way of a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, which when executed, may comprise the steps of the embodiments of the methods described above. Any reference to memory, database, or other medium used in embodiments provided herein may include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. The nonvolatile Memory may include Read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash Memory, optical Memory, high density embedded nonvolatile Memory, resistive random access Memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access Memory (Magnetoresistive Random Access Memory, MRAM), ferroelectric Memory (Ferroelectric Random Access Memory, FRAM), phase change Memory (Phase Change Memory, PCM), graphene Memory, and the like. Volatile memory can include random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) or external cache memory, and the like. By way of illustration, and not limitation, RAM can be in the form of a variety of forms, such as static random access memory (Static Random Access Memory, SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (Dynamic Random Access Memory, DRAM), and the like. The databases referred to in the embodiments provided herein may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. The non-relational database may include, but is not limited to, a blockchain-based distributed database, and the like. The processor referred to in the embodiments provided in the present application may be a general-purpose processor, a central processing unit, a graphics processor, a digital signal processor, a programmable logic unit, a data processing logic unit based on quantum computing, or the like, but is not limited thereto.
The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the application and are described in detail herein without thereby limiting the scope of the application. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the application, which are all within the scope of the application. Accordingly, the scope of the application should be assessed as that of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for measuring temperature of a transformer winding based on quantum sensing, which is applied to an optical device in a transformer winding temperature measuring system based on quantum sensing, the method comprising:
acquiring the initial temperature of a transformer winding of a target transformer at a preset starting moment through a fiber bragg grating temperature measuring device in the target transformer;
under the condition that a target transformer operates, obtaining the fluorescence intensity variation of a diamond color center quantum sensor in the target transformer between the preset starting moment and the preset ending moment;
And obtaining the target temperature of the transformer winding at the preset end time according to the initial temperature and the fluorescence intensity variation.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the acquiring the amount of change in fluorescence intensity of the diamond color center quantum sensor in the target transformer between the preset start time and the preset end time includes:
acquiring first modulated fluorescence intensity of the diamond color center quantum sensor at the preset starting moment;
acquiring second modulated fluorescence intensity of the diamond color center quantum sensor at the preset end time;
and determining the difference value between the second fluorescence intensity and the first modulation fluorescence intensity as the fluorescence intensity variation.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the obtaining the first modulated fluorescence intensity of the diamond color center quantum sensor at the preset starting time comprises:
transmitting a laser signal to the diamond color center quantum sensor at the preset starting moment; the laser signal is used for exciting the diamond color center quantum sensor to emit a first fluorescent signal aiming at the laser signal;
And obtaining a modulated microwave signal aiming at the first fluorescent signal, and modulating the first fluorescent signal through the modulated microwave signal to obtain the first modulated fluorescent intensity of the first fluorescent signal.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the obtaining the second modulated fluorescence intensity of the diamond color center quantum sensor at the preset end time comprises:
transmitting a laser signal to the diamond color center quantum sensor at the preset end time; the laser signal is used for exciting the diamond color center quantum sensor to emit a second fluorescent signal aiming at the laser signal;
and obtaining a modulated microwave signal aiming at the second fluorescent signal, and modulating the second fluorescent signal through the modulated microwave signal to obtain second modulated fluorescent intensity of the second fluorescent signal.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining the target temperature of the transformer winding at the preset end time according to the initial temperature and the fluorescence intensity variation comprises:
obtaining the temperature variation of the transformer winding between the preset starting time and the preset ending time according to the fluorescence variation,
And determining the sum of the initial temperature and the temperature variation as the target temperature.
6. A quantum sensing-based transformer winding temperature measurement system, the system comprising: the device comprises a diamond color center quantum sensor, an optical device and a fiber grating temperature measuring device; the diamond color center quantum sensor comprises a diamond NV color center and a microwave antenna; the diamond color center quantum sensor is connected with the target transformer through optical fiber communication; the optical device is arranged at a position which meets the preset safety distance outside the target transformer; the optical device and the target transformer are in communication connection through optical fibers and/or cables; the optical device comprises a photoelectric detector and a main control unit, wherein,
the fiber bragg grating temperature measuring device is used for acquiring the initial temperature of a transformer winding of the target transformer at a preset starting moment;
the photoelectric detector is used for acquiring the fluorescence intensity variation of the diamond color center quantum sensor in the target transformer between the preset starting moment and the preset ending moment under the condition that the target transformer operates;
the main control unit is used for acquiring the target temperature of the transformer winding at the preset end time according to the initial temperature and the fluorescence intensity variation.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the quantum sensing-based transformer winding thermometry system further comprises a laser light source and a microwave generator; the laser light source is arranged on the optical device; the laser light source and the diamond color center quantum sensor are connected through optical fiber communication; the microwave generator is arranged on the optical device; the microwave generator is connected with the main control unit through a cable in a communication way, wherein,
the laser light source is used for transmitting laser signals to the diamond color center quantum sensor at the preset starting moment; the laser signal is used for exciting the diamond color center quantum sensor to emit a first fluorescent signal aiming at the laser signal;
the microwave generator is used for acquiring a modulated microwave signal aiming at the first fluorescent signal, modulating the first fluorescent signal through the modulated microwave signal and obtaining first modulated fluorescent intensity of the first fluorescent signal.
8. A quantum sensing-based transformer winding temperature measurement device, characterized by an optical device for use in a quantum sensing-based transformer winding temperature measurement system, the device comprising:
The temperature measuring module is used for acquiring the initial temperature of the transformer winding of the target transformer at a preset starting moment through the fiber bragg grating temperature measuring device in the target transformer;
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the fluorescence intensity variation of the diamond color center quantum sensor in the target transformer between the preset starting moment and the preset ending moment under the condition that the target transformer operates;
and the calculation module is used for acquiring the target temperature of the transformer winding at the preset end time according to the initial temperature and the fluorescence intensity variation.
9. An optical device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that the processor implements the steps of the method of any of claims 1-4 when the computer program is executed.
10. A computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method according to any of claims 1-4.
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