CN117210903A - Application of Prussian blue in anodic oxidation coloring of aluminum alloy - Google Patents
Application of Prussian blue in anodic oxidation coloring of aluminum alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN117210903A CN117210903A CN202311165655.XA CN202311165655A CN117210903A CN 117210903 A CN117210903 A CN 117210903A CN 202311165655 A CN202311165655 A CN 202311165655A CN 117210903 A CN117210903 A CN 117210903A
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- washing
- aluminum alloy
- alloy anode
- anodic oxidation
- coloring
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- DCYOBGZUOMKFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);iron(3+);octadecacyanide Chemical compound [Fe+2].[Fe+2].[Fe+2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] DCYOBGZUOMKFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000013225 prussian blue Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229960003351 prussian blue Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000861 blow drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000276 potassium ferrocyanide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XOGGUFAVLNCTRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapotassium;iron(2+);hexacyanide Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+2].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] XOGGUFAVLNCTRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001094 6061 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004042 decolorization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010407 anodic oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an application of Prussian blue in anodic oxidation coloring of aluminum alloy, which comprises the following process flows: chemical degreasing: chemically degreasing the aluminum alloy anode by adopting alkalescent degreasing powder; washing: washing the aluminum alloy anode subjected to chemical degreasing; sand blasting: carrying out sand blasting on the washed aluminum alloy anode; alkali washing: performing alkaline washing on the aluminum alloy anode after sand blasting; washing: performing water washing operation on the alkali washed aluminum alloy anode; removing the film: removing the film from the treated aluminum alloy anode in an acid solution; washing: washing the aluminum alloy anode after the film removal; chemical polishing: carrying out chemical polishing on the aluminum alloy anode after washing; washing: performing washing operation on the aluminum alloy anode after chemical polishing; anodic oxidation: anodic oxidation with sulfuric acid or mixed acid; washing with water; chemical coloring; washing with water; sealing with boiling water; washing with water; and (5) blow-drying. The invention effectively avoids the color fading of the anodized color under the environments of hydrogen peroxide, low-temperature plasma and strong ultraviolet rays.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy anodic oxidation, in particular to application of Prussian blue in aluminum alloy anodic oxidation coloring.
Background
At present, anodic oxidation is widely applied in the fields of automobiles, medical treatment, semiconductors, automation, lasers, optics, consumer electronics and the like, and organic dyes are mostly adopted for coloring in anodic oxidation processing in China in order to meet the requirements on the functionality and appearance characteristics of products.
However, the organic dye has limited weather resistance, and particularly in the medical field, the organic dye is subjected to environments such as hydrogen peroxide, low-temperature plasma and the like, and is easy to fade and the like, so that the appearance, the safety and the use experience of the whole equipment are affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an application of Prussian blue in anodic oxidation coloring of aluminum alloy, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the application of Prussian blue in anodic oxidation coloring of aluminum alloy comprises the following process flows:
step S1: chemical degreasing: chemically degreasing the aluminum alloy anode by adopting alkalescent degreasing powder;
step S2: washing: washing the aluminum alloy anode subjected to chemical degreasing;
step S3: sand blasting: carrying out sand blasting on the washed aluminum alloy anode;
step S4: alkali washing: performing alkaline washing on the aluminum alloy anode after sand blasting;
step S5: washing: performing water washing operation on the alkali washed aluminum alloy anode;
step S6: removing the film: removing the film from the treated aluminum alloy anode in an acid solution;
step S7: washing: washing the aluminum alloy anode after the film removal;
step S8: chemical polishing: carrying out chemical polishing on the aluminum alloy anode after washing;
step S9: washing: performing washing operation on the aluminum alloy anode after chemical polishing;
step S10: anodic oxidation: anodic oxidation with sulfuric acid or mixed acid;
step S11: washing: washing the oxidized aluminum alloy anode with water;
step S12: chemical coloring: coloring the aluminum alloy anode;
step S13: washing: the colored and soaked aluminum alloy anode is subjected to pure water washing and running water washing;
step S14: and (3) boiling water sealing: boiling and sealing for 20min with deionized water with conductivity less than or equal to 20 mu S/cm;
step S15: washing: flushing the aluminum alloy anode with tap water;
step S16: blow-drying: and drying the washed aluminum alloy anode.
Preferably, the cathode in the process flow is a pure aluminum plate or a lead plate.
Preferably, the chemical degreasing adopts alkalescent degreasing powder 40-60g/L, and is treated for 2-8min at 50-70 ℃.
Preferably, the alkaline washing adopts 40-60g/L NaOH and is carried out for 5-15s at 50-70 ℃.
Preferably, the chemical polishing employs HNO 3 10％，H 2 SO 4 15％，H 3 PO 4 75%, and treating at 105-115 deg.C for 15-35s.
Preferably, the sulfuric acid anodize: h 2 SO 4 100-150g/L, treating at 19-21deg.C for 10-120min, and preparing 3 test pieces with film thickness of 5 μm, 15 μm, 30 μm, 45 μm at different time periods by using German fischer eddy current film thickness instrument; the test piece adopts a national standard 6061 aluminum plate with 55mm 35mm 2 mm;
preferably, the mixed acid anodize: h 2 SO 4 100-150g/L，H 2 C 2 O 4 20-30g/L，C 6 H 8 O 7 15-25g/L, treating at 4-12deg.C for 15-120min, and preparing 3 test pieces with film thickness of 5 μm, 15 μm, 30 μm and 45 μm respectively in different time periods by using German fischer eddy current film thickness instrument; the test piece adopts a national standard 6061 aluminum plate with 55mm 35mm 2 mm.
Preferably, the chemical coloration: 3 test pieces with different film thicknesses are used, 6g/L, 12g/L and 30g/L of potassium ferrocyanide solution are respectively adopted for soaking for 40s, and after pure water washing, 50g/L of ferric trichloride solution is adopted for soaking for 60s.
Preferably, the chemical coloring is followed by performance testing:
using a neutral salt spray tester to test according to a salt spray test standard of an artificial atmosphere corrosion test of GB/T-10125;
h was used at a concentration of 30% 2 O 2 After soaking for 168 hours at room temperature, observing whether decoloring;
h was used at a concentration of 30% 2 O 2 Spraying on towel, wrapping test piece, placing in a constant temperature 60 deg.C incubator for 48 hr, and spraying H again on towel every 12 hr 2 O 2 Whether or not discoloration is observed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the color after anodic oxidation is effectively prevented from fading under the environments of hydrogen peroxide, low-temperature plasma and strong ultraviolet rays.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a comparative schematic of the chemical coloring of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a technical solution: the application of Prussian blue in anodic oxidation coloring of aluminum alloy comprises the following process flows:
step S1: chemical degreasing: chemically degreasing the aluminum alloy anode by adopting alkalescent degreasing powder;
step S2: washing: washing the aluminum alloy anode subjected to chemical degreasing;
step S3: sand blasting: carrying out sand blasting on the washed aluminum alloy anode;
step S4: alkali washing: performing alkaline washing on the aluminum alloy anode after sand blasting;
step S5: washing: performing water washing operation on the alkali washed aluminum alloy anode;
step S6: removing the film: removing the film from the treated aluminum alloy anode in an acid solution;
step S7: washing: washing the aluminum alloy anode after the film removal;
step S8: chemical polishing: carrying out chemical polishing on the aluminum alloy anode after washing;
step S9: washing: performing washing operation on the aluminum alloy anode after chemical polishing;
step S10: anodic oxidation: anodic oxidation with sulfuric acid or mixed acid;
step S11: washing: washing the oxidized aluminum alloy anode with water;
step S12: chemical coloring: coloring the aluminum alloy anode;
step S13: washing: the colored and soaked aluminum alloy anode is subjected to pure water washing and running water washing;
step S14: and (3) boiling water sealing: boiling and sealing for 20min with deionized water with conductivity less than or equal to 20 mu S/cm;
step S15: washing: flushing the aluminum alloy anode with tap water;
step S16: blow-drying: and drying the washed aluminum alloy anode.
In the invention, the cathode in the process flow is a pure aluminum plate or a lead plate.
In the invention, the chemical degreasing adopts alkalescent degreasing powder 40-60g/L, and is treated for 2-8min at 50-70 ℃.
In the invention, naOH 40-60g/L is adopted for alkali washing, and the alkali washing is processed for 5-15s at 50-70 ℃.
In the invention, HNO is adopted in the chemical polishing 3 10％，H 2 SO 4 15％，H 3 PO 4 75%, and treating at 105-115 deg.C for 15-35s.
In the invention, the sulfuric acid anodic oxidation: h 2 SO 4 100-150g/L, treating at 19-21deg.C for 10-120min, and preparing 3 test pieces with film thickness of 5 μm, 15 μm, 30 μm, 45 μm at different time periods by using German fischer eddy current film thickness instrument; the test piece adopts a national standard 6061 aluminum plate with 55mm 35mm 2 mm;
in the present invention, the mixingAcid anodic oxidation: h 2 SO 4 100-150g/L，H 2 C 2 O 4 20-30g/L，C 6 H 8 O 7 15-25g/L, treating at 4-12deg.C for 15-120min, and preparing 3 test pieces with film thickness of 5 μm, 15 μm, 30 μm and 45 μm respectively in different time periods by using German fischer eddy current film thickness instrument; the test piece adopts a national standard 6061 aluminum plate with 55mm 35mm 2 mm.
In the present invention, the chemical coloring: 3 test pieces with different film thicknesses are used, 6g/L, 12g/L and 30g/L of potassium ferrocyanide solution are respectively adopted for soaking for 40s, and after pure water washing, 50g/L of ferric trichloride solution is adopted for soaking for 60s.
In the invention, the performance test is carried out after the chemical coloring:
using a neutral salt spray tester to test according to a salt spray test standard of an artificial atmosphere corrosion test of GB/T-10125;
h was used at a concentration of 30% 2 O 2 After soaking for 168 hours at room temperature, observing whether decoloring;
h was used at a concentration of 30% 2 O 2 Spraying on towel, wrapping test piece, placing in a constant temperature 60 deg.C incubator for 48 hr, and spraying H again on towel every 12 hr 2 O 2 Whether or not discoloration is observed.
Examples
1) Preparing 12 test pieces, namely adopting a national standard 6061 aluminum plate with 55mm 35mm 2mm, respectively preparing 3 sample blocks with film thicknesses of 5 mu m, 15 mu m, 30 mu m and 45 mu m according to a 1.1.4.2 anode process, taking out oxidized parts from an oxidation tank, cleaning, and immersing the oxidized parts in pure water for later use;
2) Preparing 3 concentrations of potassium ferrocyanide solution, 6g/L, 12g/L and 30g/L, taking 3 test pieces with 4 film thicknesses, soaking each film thickness for 40s by using 3 concentrations, fully mixing the potassium ferrocyanide into micropores of an oxide film, cleaning by pure water, and rapidly entering the next working procedure;
3) Immersing the 12 test pieces into 50g/L ferric trichloride solution for 60s respectively, and reacting potassium ferrocyanide with ferric trichloride to generate ferric ferrocyanide, so that Prussian blue is common dust;
4FeCl 3 +3K 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ]→Fe 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ] 3 ↓+12KCl
4) Pouring pure water with the conductivity less than 20 mu S/cm into a 2L beaker, heating the beaker on an electric heating furnace until the beaker boils, taking out a test piece from ferric trichloride, observing that the test piece is dark blue, gradually lightening the test piece after the test piece is placed into boiling water, and solidifying the color after about 5 minutes;
5) Color bumping of anodic oxide film thickness and potassium ferrocyanide concentration
The performance test result of the invention:
1) The neutral salt spray tester is used for referring to GB/T-10125 artificial atmosphere corrosion experiment salt spray test standard to test 720 hours, and the surface has no decolorization and corrosion phenomena
2) H was used at a concentration of 30% 2 O 2 Soaking for 168 hours, and comparing with an untested piece, wherein no obvious decolorization exists;
3) Spraying H with concentration of 30% on towel 2 O 2 After wrapping the test piece, putting the test piece into a 60 ℃ incubator, and spraying H on the towel again every 12H 2 O 2 After 48 hours, the test piece is compared with an untested piece, and no obvious decolorization exists.
Conclusion:
1) The color generated by combining different film forming colors of anodic oxidation with Prussian blue also changes, and the temperature, time, current density, electrolyte composition, brand of aluminum alloy and the like of the anodic oxidation affect the color of the anodic oxidation film, and the darker the base color, the darker the color combined with Prussian blue.
2) The temperature, concentration and time of the inorganic compound also affect the shade of the final color, and the potassium ferrocyanide is used as a main coloring agent, and the ferric trichloride can be replaced by ferric sulfate.
The anodic oxidation parameters and the inorganic compound parameters are adjusted, so that the oxidation film and Prussian blue can be combined to obtain light blue, light gray, dark blue, dark gray and other colors, and when the film thickness reaches a certain thickness, the film is gradually close to black after being combined with Prussian blue.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. The application of Prussian blue in anodic oxidation coloring of aluminum alloy is characterized in that: the method comprises the following process flows:
step S1: chemical degreasing: chemically degreasing the aluminum alloy anode by adopting alkalescent degreasing powder;
step S2: washing: washing the aluminum alloy anode subjected to chemical degreasing;
step S3: sand blasting: carrying out sand blasting on the washed aluminum alloy anode;
step S4: alkali washing: performing alkaline washing on the aluminum alloy anode after sand blasting;
step S5: washing: performing water washing operation on the alkali washed aluminum alloy anode;
step S6: removing the film: removing the film from the treated aluminum alloy anode in an acid solution;
step S7: washing: washing the aluminum alloy anode after the film removal;
step S8: chemical polishing: carrying out chemical polishing on the aluminum alloy anode after washing;
step S9: washing: performing washing operation on the aluminum alloy anode after chemical polishing;
step S10: anodic oxidation: anodic oxidation with sulfuric acid or mixed acid;
step S11: washing: washing the oxidized aluminum alloy anode with water;
step S12: chemical coloring: coloring the aluminum alloy anode;
step S13: washing: the colored and soaked aluminum alloy anode is subjected to pure water washing and running water washing;
step S14: and (3) boiling water sealing: boiling and sealing for 20min with deionized water with conductivity less than or equal to 20 mu S/cm;
step S15: washing: flushing the aluminum alloy anode with tap water;
step S16: blow-drying: and drying the washed aluminum alloy anode.
2. The use of prussian blue in anodic oxidation coloring of aluminum alloys according to claim 1, wherein: the cathode in the process flow is a pure aluminum plate or a lead plate.
3. The use of prussian blue in anodic oxidation coloring of aluminum alloys according to claim 1, wherein: the chemical degreasing adopts alkalescent degreasing powder 40-60g/L, and is treated for 2-8min at 50-70 ℃.
4. The use of prussian blue in anodic oxidation coloring of aluminum alloys according to claim 1, wherein: the alkaline washing adopts NaOH of 40-60g/L and is carried out for 5-15s at 50-70 ℃.
5. The use of prussian blue in anodic oxidation coloring of aluminum alloys according to claim 1, wherein: the chemical polishing adopts HNO 3 10％，H 2 SO 4 15％，H 3 PO 4 75%, and treating at 105-115 deg.C for 15-35s.
6. The use of prussian blue in anodic oxidation coloring of aluminum alloys according to claim 1, wherein: the sulfuric acid anodic oxidation: h 2 SO 4 100-150g/L, treating at 19-21deg.C for 10-120min, and preparing 3 test pieces with film thickness of 5 μm, 15 μm, 30 μm, 45 μm at different time periods by using German fischer eddy current film thickness instrument; the test piece adopts a national standard 6061 aluminum plate with 55mm 35mm 2 mm.
7. The use of prussian blue in anodic oxidation coloring of aluminum alloys according to claim 1, wherein: the mixed acid anodic oxidation: h 2 SO 4 100-150g/L，H 2 C 2 O 4 20-30g/L，C 6 H 8 O 7 15-25g/L, treating at 4-12deg.C for 15-120min, and preparing 3 test pieces with film thickness of 5 μm, 15 μm, 30 μm and 45 μm respectively in different time periods by using German fischer eddy current film thickness instrument; the test piece adopts a national standard 6061 aluminum plate with 55mm 35mm 2 mm.
8. The use of prussian blue in anodic oxidation coloring of aluminum alloys according to claim 1, wherein: the chemical coloring: 3 test pieces with different film thicknesses are used, 6g/L, 12g/L and 30g/L of potassium ferrocyanide solution are respectively adopted for soaking for 40s, and after pure water washing, 50g/L of ferric trichloride solution is adopted for soaking for 60s.
9. The use of prussian blue in anodic oxidation coloring of aluminum alloys according to claim 1, wherein: performance testing is carried out after the chemical coloring:
using a neutral salt spray tester to test according to a salt spray test standard of an artificial atmosphere corrosion test of GB/T-10125;
h was used at a concentration of 30% 2 O 2 After soaking for 168 hours at room temperature, observing whether decoloring;
h was used at a concentration of 30% 2 O 2 Spraying on towel, wrapping test piece, placing in a constant temperature 60 deg.C incubator for 48 hr, and spraying H again on towel every 12 hr 2 O 2 Whether or not discoloration is observed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311165655.XA CN117210903A (en) | 2023-09-11 | 2023-09-11 | Application of Prussian blue in anodic oxidation coloring of aluminum alloy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311165655.XA CN117210903A (en) | 2023-09-11 | 2023-09-11 | Application of Prussian blue in anodic oxidation coloring of aluminum alloy |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN117210903A true CN117210903A (en) | 2023-12-12 |
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| CN202311165655.XA Pending CN117210903A (en) | 2023-09-11 | 2023-09-11 | Application of Prussian blue in anodic oxidation coloring of aluminum alloy |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN117210903A (en) |
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