CN117205375A - Special titanium-zirconium alloy wire for oral implant and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Special titanium-zirconium alloy wire for oral implant and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117205375A CN117205375A CN202311193735.6A CN202311193735A CN117205375A CN 117205375 A CN117205375 A CN 117205375A CN 202311193735 A CN202311193735 A CN 202311193735A CN 117205375 A CN117205375 A CN 117205375A
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- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- PMTRSEDNJGMXLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium zirconium Chemical compound [Ti].[Zr] PMTRSEDNJGMXLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229910001093 Zr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 239000004053 dental implant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004283 incisor Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- IXQWNVPHFNLUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron titanium Chemical compound [Ti].[Fe] IXQWNVPHFNLUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a special titanium-zirconium alloy wire for an oral implant and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of titanium-zirconium alloy wires. The titanium-zirconium alloy wire comprises the following components: zr:13-18wt%, O:0.14-0.20wt% and the balance Ti and unavoidable impurities, the invention ensures that the product has stable performance, good strength, good plasticity and good matching performance by adopting the processes of multidirectional multi-firing forging, rolling, drawing and the like, reasonable deformation distribution, electric straightening and special finish machining modes of polishing, and can meet the special purpose requirements of the oral implant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of titanium-zirconium alloy wires, in particular to a special titanium-zirconium alloy wire for an oral implant and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The use of oral implants to replace missing teeth has become a conventional treatment option, and pure titanium materials are most widely used in implants, and have the advantages of low density, good corrosion resistance, excellent biocompatibility and the like. However, pure titanium has insufficient mechanical strength, relatively high risk of stress fatigue fracture, greatly shortens the service life of the implant, and is difficult to meet clinical requirements. Meanwhile, the diameter of the implant made of pure titanium is more than or equal to 3.5mm, and the implant can hardly be planted on narrower gum bones or anterior teeth, so that the application of the pure titanium implant is greatly limited.
In order to overcome the defect of insufficient mechanical properties of pure titanium, a small-diameter high-strength implant material is expected to be obtained, so that a plurality of researchers are promoted to add different elements into the pure titanium, and an implant material with better performance than the pure titanium is obtained. Among the numerous alloying elements, ti and Zr belong to IVB group and have similar chemical properties, in addition, from the binary Ti-Zr alloy phase diagram, it can be seen that the binary Ti-Zr alloy phase diagram is completely solid-solved with both high-temperature beta phase and low-temperature alpha phase, so that alpha titanium alloy with various proportions can be formed, which can increase the mechanical strength of the implant, such as tensile strength, hardness and bending strength, and improve the corrosion potential and wear resistance of Ti.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a titanium-zirconium alloy wire for an oral implant and a preparation method thereof, which are used for clinical requirements of high-strength narrow-diameter implants (< 3.5 mm), and have the advantages of reducing the use of bone increment surgery, relieving the pain of patients, realizing domestic replacement of pure titanium of the oral implant material, and the like.
The first aim of the invention is to provide an oral implant titanium-zirconium alloy wire, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: zr:13-18%, O:0.14-0.20%, and the balance of Ti and unavoidable impurities.
Preferably, the Zr is added in the form of technical grade 1 zirconium sponge; the O is added in the form of titanium dioxide; the Ti is added in the form of 0-grade titanium sponge and titanium dioxide.
Preferably, the mass percentage of Zr may be 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, etc.
Preferably, the mass percentage of O may be 0.14%, 0.15%, 0.16%, 0.17%, 0.18%, 0.19%, 0.20%, etc.
Preferably, the 0-grade titanium sponge raw material is 0-grade small-particle titanium sponge meeting the specification in GB/T2524-2010 standard, and the granularity is 0.83-12.7mm.
Preferably, the industrial grade HZr-1 zirconium sponge meeting YS/T397-2015 standard is selected as the industrial grade zirconium sponge raw material, and the granularity is less than or equal to 3.0mm.
Preferably, the hydrogen content of the titanium-zirconium alloy is 0.006% or less.
The second object of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the titanium-zirconium alloy wire for the oral implant, which comprises the following steps:
s1, ingot casting smelting: the component ingredients of the titanium-zirconium alloy wire according to claim 1 are uniformly mixed and pressed into an electrode, and are smelted into an ingot by a vacuum consumable arc furnace;
s2, forging: the finished ingot after sawing riser head and polishing is heated to 960-1000 ℃ by cogging forging for 90-120min, 3 times of upsetting and 3 times of drawing are adopted, and the total forging ratio is in the range of 5.0-7.0; drawing, forging and heating to 910-950 ℃, and preserving heat for 60-90min, wherein the total forging ratio is in the range of 2.0-4.0;
s3, rolling: heating the square billet subjected to surface defect repairing to 800-870 ℃, preserving heat for 30-70min, and hot rolling until the total deformation is not less than 70%;
s4, hot drawing: heating the rod blank, wherein the heating area is 3-6m long, the heating temperature is 720-780 ℃, and the rod blank is drawn to the specification of less than phi 6.00mm in a multi-mode small deformation mode;
s5, heat treatment: annealing the hot wire drawing material after cutting, wherein the heat treatment process is heating to 600-700 ℃, preserving heat for 40-90min, and air cooling to room temperature;
s6, straightening and polishing: the required size of the titanium-zirconium alloy wire is obtained.
Preferably, the smelting times in the step S1 are three times, and the last smelting vacuum degree is less than 1.0x10 -1 pa, the size of the ingot can be reasonably configured by a person skilled in the art according to the size of the finished product and the actual situation, and the invention is not particularly limited to this.
Preferably, in the step S2, forging is performed by adopting 1600-4500T press equipment, and the method of combining process three upsetting three drawing and drawing forging is adopted.
Preferably, the heating step in the step S3 is further preferably performed at 830-870 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 40-70min.
Preferably, in the step S4, a tubular electric furnace is adopted for heating, a lubricant adopted in the hot drawing process is graphite emulsion, the hot drawing speed is within the range of 1-3m/min, and the hot drawing deformation is controlled within the range of 0.3-0.5 mm/die number; the specification of the rod blank obtained by hot drawing is finished product specification + (0.2-0.5) mm (the specification refers to the diameter size).
Preferably, the apparatus for heat treatment in step S5 is an electric furnace, and the environment in the electric furnace is a micro-oxidizing atmosphere.
Preferably, in order to ensure the straightness and the surface quality of the finished product, the straightening in the step S6 is specifically electric straightening, the counterweight is 15-30kg, the current is set to be 150-200A, and the temperature is 550-650 ℃; the grinding process adopts a centerless grinder, and the reducing amount is controlled to be between 0.2 and 0.5 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the oral implant titanium zirconium alloy wire provided by the invention has stable room temperature tensile property data, good consistency, high tensile strength of more than or equal to 850MPa, high hardness of more than or equal to 250HV, high grain size grade of more than 12, and hydrogen content of the finished wire of less than 0.006%. The titanium-zirconium alloy wire for the oral implant has uniform chemical components of cast ingots, and the reasonable deformation distribution and special finish machining modes of electric straightening and polishing through the processes of multidirectional multi-firing forging, rolling, drawing and the like, so that the product has stable performance, good strength, plasticity and good matching property, meets the special purpose requirements of the oral implant, and has wide application prospect because the working performance of the titanium-zirconium alloy wire for the oral implant is not replaced by the existing pure titanium material after the titanium-zirconium alloy wire for the oral implant is manufactured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a microstructure of a titanium-zirconium alloy wire having a gauge of phi 4.0mm in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the invention, are within the scope of the invention.
The test methods or test methods described in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the starting materials and auxiliaries, unless otherwise specified, are obtained commercially from conventional sources or are prepared in conventional manner.
Examples 1 to 2
The preparation method of the titanium-zirconium alloy wire for the oral implant comprises the following steps:
s1, ingot casting smelting: selecting 0-level sponge titanium, 1-level sponge zirconium and titanium dioxide powder as raw materials, mixing alloy components uniformly, pressing an electrode, and smelting the pressed electrode rod in a vacuum consumable smelting furnace with the vacuum degree not exceeding 1.0X10-1 pa, the smelting current being 1400A, the smelting voltage being 32V and the alternating current steady arc current being 4A for 3 times to obtain phi 110X Lmm cast ingots;
the chemical composition of the ingot was tested and the results are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1
| Element(s) | Zr/％ | O/％ | Fe/％ | C/％ | N/％ | H/％ |
| The invention requires | 13.0～18.0 | 0.15～0.20 | <0.25 | <0.05 | <0.05 | <0.008 |
| Example 1 | 15.32 | 0.179 | 0.028 | 0.004 | 0.009 | 0.0022 |
| Example 2 | 15.15 | 0.190 | 0.029 | 0.005 | 0.010 | 0.0027 |
The (alpha+beta/beta) phase transition point is 913 ℃ measured by a metallographic method, wherein the H element is the detection result of the finished product;
s2, forging: the finished ingot after sawing riser and polishing is subjected to forging by two fires, the ingot after smelting is subjected to cogging forging and heating to 980 ℃ for 90min, 3 times of upsetting and 3 times of drawing are adopted, and the total forging ratio is 6.0; drawing, forging and heating to 930 ℃, and preserving heat for 60min, wherein the total forging ratio is 3.3, so as to obtain a forged bar blank;
s3, rolling the forged bar blank: heating the square billet subjected to surface defect grinding to 850 ℃, preserving heat for 40min, and hot-rolling to obtain a bar billet, wherein the total deformation is 95%;
s4, hot drawing: heating the rod blank, gradually reducing the heating temperature from 780 ℃ to 740 ℃, controlling the drawing speed to be 1.5m/min, controlling the hot drawing deformation to be 0.4 mm/die number, and drawing the rod blank to the specification of phi 6.00mm or less;
s5, heat treatment: annealing the hot wire drawing material after cutting, wherein the heat treatment procedure is heating to 630 ℃, preserving heat for 60min, and air cooling to room temperature;
s6, straightening and polishing: setting 30kg of electric straightening counter weight, setting 180A of current and 600 ℃; and adopting a centerless grinder for grinding, controlling the reducing amount to be 0.4mm, and obtaining the required size of the titanium-zirconium alloy wire.
The mechanical properties, microstructures, grain sizes and hardness of the titanium-zirconium alloy wires prepared in examples 1-2 were tested, wherein the mechanical property test was performed according to the following criteria: GB/T228.1-2010; microscopic tissue detection performance criteria: GB/T5168-2020; grain size rating enforcement criteria: GB/T6394-2017; hardness test execution standard: ASTME92-2017, the test results are shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2
Comparative example 1
The difference between comparative example 1 and examples 1-2 is that the alloy element in the titanium sponge is set according to the component proportion value of TA4G in GB/T3620.1-2016 titanium and titanium alloy brand and chemical composition, and 0 grade titanium sponge, titanium iron alloy and titanium dioxide powder are selected as raw materials.
The chemical composition of the ingot was tested and the results are shown in Table 3:
TABLE 3 Table 3
| Element(s) | O/％ | Fe/％ | C/％ | N/％ | H/％ |
| Standard range | <0.40 | <0.50 | <0.08 | <0.05 | <0.015 |
| Detection value | 0.25 | 0.324 | 0.007 | 0.007 | 0.0025 |
The metallographic method is used for measuring the (alpha+beta/beta) phase transition point of 904 ℃, wherein the H element is the detection result of the finished product.
The mechanical properties, grain sizes and hardness of the TA4G wire material prepared in comparative example 1 were tested, wherein the mechanical property test execution standard: GB/T228.1-2010; grain size rating enforcement criteria: GB/T6394-2017; hardness test execution standard: ASTME92-2017, the test results are shown in Table 4:
TABLE 4 Table 4
Comparative examples 2 to 3
Comparative example 2 differs from examples 1-2 in that the ingot phi 110 x Lmm was obtained by twice melting with VAR 2; forging and heating to 980 ℃, preserving heat for 90min, upsetting and drawing forging with 1 firing time, wherein the total forging ratio is 2.9; the thermal pulling deformation is controlled to be 0.5 mm/die number.
Comparative example 3 differs from examples 1-2 in that the ingot phi 110 x Lmm was obtained by 2 times of VAR melting; forging and heating to 980 ℃, preserving heat for 90min, upsetting and drawing forging with 1 firing time, wherein the total forging ratio is 2.9; controlling the thermal pulling deformation to be 0.5 mm/die time; the heat treatment procedure is heating to 700 ℃, preserving heat for 60min, and air cooling to room temperature.
The chemical composition of the cast ingot was tested and the results are shown in Table 5:
TABLE 5
| Element(s) | Zr/％ | O/％ | Fe/％ | C/％ | N/％ | H/％ |
| The invention requires | 13.0～18.0 | 0.15～0.20 | <0.25 | <0.05 | <0.05 | <0.008 |
| Comparative example 2 | 16.02 | 0.165 | 0.030 | 0.006 | 0.014 | 0.0025 |
| Comparative example 3 | 15.70 | 0.18 | 0.031 | 0.005 | 0.010 | 0.0030 |
The mechanical properties, grain sizes and hardness of the wires prepared in comparative examples 2 to 3 were measured, wherein the mechanical property measurement was performed according to the following criteria: GB/T228.1-2010; grain size rating enforcement criteria: GB/T6394-2017; hardness test execution standard: ASTME92-2017, the test results are shown in Table 6:
TABLE 6
As can be seen from comparison, the wires prepared by the same process in comparative example 1 and examples 1-2 have elastic modulus and plasticity index equivalent to those of comparative example 1, and strength index improved by 28% or more than that of comparative example 1, and grain size grade far higher than that of comparative example 1. The titanium-zirconium implant material prepared by the invention has obvious advantages and can be used for replacing the application of TA4 pure titanium implant.
"comparative examples 2 to 3"2 were melt with a composition of 0.32% in the main element Zr and 0.015% in the O, and "examples 1 to 2"3 were melt with a composition of 0.17% in the main element Zr and 0.011% in the O, and "examples 1 to 2" were significantly superior to "comparative examples 2 to 3" in the uniformity of the composition.
The forging process of the comparative example 2-3 adopts forging with upsetting drawing at 1 fire, the grain size of the finished product is 8.0-9.0 grade, while the forging process of the example 1-2 adopts forging with upsetting drawing at 2 fire, the grain size of the finished product reaches 14-15 grade and is far higher than that of the comparative example 2-3.
The tensile strength index of "comparative examples 2-3" was reduced by about 100MPa and the hardness index was reduced by about 40/HV10 as compared with "examples 1-2". The preparation process disclosed by the invention is superior, the prepared material is uniform and high in component, excellent in mechanical property and moderate in hardness index, and the requirements of implants at narrow gums, front incisors and high occlusion positions can be met.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The special titanium-zirconium alloy wire for the oral implant is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: zr:13-18%, O:0.14-0.20%, and the balance of Ti and unavoidable impurities.
2. The method for producing a titanium-zirconium alloy wire dedicated for an oral implant according to claim 1, wherein Zr is added in the form of industrial grade 1 zirconium sponge.
3. The dental implant dedicated titanium zirconium alloy wire according to claim 1, wherein the O is added in the form of titanium dioxide.
4. The titanium-zirconium alloy wire dedicated for oral implant according to claim 1, wherein the Ti is added in the form of 0-grade titanium sponge and titanium dioxide.
5. The method for preparing the titanium-zirconium alloy wire special for the oral implant according to claim 1, comprising the following steps:
s1, ingot casting smelting: the component ingredients of the titanium-zirconium alloy wire according to claim 1 are uniformly mixed and pressed into an electrode, and are smelted into an ingot by a vacuum consumable arc furnace;
s2, forging: the finished ingot with saw cut riser bottom-rising and polishing is subjected to cogging, forging and heating to 960-1000 ℃, and is kept at the temperature for 90-120min, 3 times of upsetting and 3 times of drawing are adopted, and the total forging ratio is within the range of 5.0-7.0; drawing, forging and heating to 910-950 ℃, and preserving heat for 60-90min, wherein the total forging ratio is in the range of 2.0-4.0;
s3, rolling: heating the square billet subjected to surface defect repairing to 800-870 ℃, preserving heat for 30-70min, and hot rolling until the total deformation is not less than 70%;
s4, hot drawing: heating the rod blank, wherein the heating area is 3-6m long, the heating temperature is 720-780 ℃, and the rod blank is drawn to the specification of less than phi 6.00mm in a multi-mode small deformation mode;
s5, heat treatment: annealing the hot wire drawing material after cutting, wherein the heat treatment process is heating to 600-700 ℃, preserving heat for 40-90min, and air cooling to room temperature;
s6, straightening and polishing: the required size of the titanium-zirconium alloy wire is obtained.
6. The method for preparing a titanium-zirconium alloy wire special for an oral implant according to claim 5, wherein the smelting times in the step S1 are three times, and the last smelting vacuum degree is less than 1.0x10 -1 pa。
7. The method for producing a titanium-zirconium alloy wire dedicated for an oral implant according to claim 5, wherein the forging is performed in step S2 using 1600-4500T press equipment.
8. The method for preparing the titanium-zirconium alloy wire special for the oral implant according to claim 5, wherein the lubricant adopted in the hot drawing process in the step S4 is graphite emulsion, the hot drawing speed is in the range of 1-3m/min, and the hot drawing deformation is controlled to be 0.3-0.5 mm/die number.
9. The method for producing a titanium-zirconium alloy wire dedicated for an oral implant according to claim 5, wherein the heat treatment equipment in step S5 is an electric furnace, and the atmosphere in the electric furnace is a micro-oxidizing atmosphere.
10. The method for preparing the special titanium-zirconium alloy wire for the oral implant according to claim 5, wherein the straightening in the step S6 is specifically electric straightening, the counterweight is 15-30kg, the current is 150-200A, and the temperature is 550-650 ℃; the grinding process adopts a centerless grinder, and the reducing amount is controlled to be between 0.2 and 0.5 mm.
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