CN117204987B

CN117204987B - Talus prosthesis

Info

Publication number: CN117204987B
Application number: CN202311475228.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马骏
Original assignee: Beijing AK Medical Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing AK Medical Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-11-07
Filing date: 2023-11-07
Publication date: 2024-03-01
Anticipated expiration: 2043-11-07
Also published as: CN117204987A

Abstract

The present invention provides a talus prosthesis comprising: a talus body having an inner cavity and a through hole communicating with the inner cavity; a talar cover arranged on the talar body, wherein the shape of the talar cover is matched with that of the talar body; the fixed hook is fixedly arranged in the through hole in a penetrating mode and protrudes out of the outer side wall of the talus body. According to the technical scheme, the problem that the talus prosthesis in the related technology is unstable in connection can be solved.

Description

Talus prosthesis

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of prostheses, in particular to a talus prosthesis.

Background

The talus is the hinge connecting the lower limb and the foot, and the coupling of gravity transmission and movement is an important functional unit of the foot. The talus is located in the ankle cavity, forms a tibialis joint (ankle joint), a subtalar joint and a navicular joint with the distal tibial joint surface, anterior, medial and posterior tibial joint surfaces and navicular bones, respectively, and has numerous peripheral ligaments attached, irregular appearance and relatively complex anatomy.

Talus injury is a very common ankle joint disorder, and is frequently seen in trauma, chronic joint instability patients. Light talus cartilage damage begins at the cartilage surface or the full layer of cartilage, and as the damage continues or lacks treatment, cartilage and subchondral bone can be stripped to form freebodies, which in turn can cause cartilage defects, as the subchondral bone is involved, bone can harden, necrose, and form bone cysts, eventually developing osteoarthritis and osteoarthritis. The clinic treatment of the cartilage injury of the talus is mainly to adopt corresponding treatment methods according to different types of cartilage injury. For minor cartilage injuries, a conservative approach or ankle arthroscopic surgery may be used for cleaning; and for lesions with larger areas, cystic lesions or lesions after bone marrow stimulation operation failure under arthroscope, an alternative treatment method such as autologous bone cartilage transplantation should be adopted after the lesions are cleaned. The method for treating the east-tearing wall and west-tearing wall is characterized in that the autologous bone is transplanted to the focus side, the bone-taking part is damaged, pain and infection of the bone-taking part can be caused, in addition, the autologous bone is easily absorbed, the supporting effect is not strong, and the transplanting effect is not guaranteed.

In recent years, there have been some prostheses made of metal that fill cartilage defects and subchondral bone defects following cartilage damage in talus bones. However, since the damage to the cartilage of the talus is frequently caused at both lateral edges, particularly at the medial edge, of the talus fornix, and the cartilage cannot be fixed at this position by means of screws or the like, it is difficult to obtain stable fixation of the conventional prosthesis.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a talus prosthesis, which aims to solve the problem of unstable connection of the talus prosthesis in the related art.

The present invention provides a talus prosthesis comprising: a talus body having an inner cavity and a through hole communicating with the inner cavity; a talar cover arranged on the talar body, wherein the shape of the talar cover is matched with that of the talar body; the fixed hook is fixedly arranged in the through hole in a penetrating mode and protrudes out of the outer side wall of the talus body.

Further, the fixed hook comprises a hook body and a fixed cap, the fixed cap is arranged in the through hole, the fixed cap is provided with a mounting hole, and the hook body penetrates through the mounting hole and protrudes out of the outer side wall of the talus body.

Further, the cross-sectional dimension of the hook body gradually decreases in a direction in which the inner cavity of the talus body is directed toward the outer wall thereof, and a tip is formed at an end of the hook body away from the inner cavity of the talus body; and/or the hook body is a hook, and the curvature of the hook body is between 30 and 120 degrees; the length of the hook body is between 1mm and 10 mm.

Further, the plurality of the hook bodies are arranged, the plurality of the mounting holes are formed in the fixing cap, the plurality of the hook bodies are correspondingly arranged in the plurality of the mounting holes in a penetrating mode, and the extending directions of the hook bodies are different; and/or the plurality of through holes are arranged on the talus body at intervals.

Further, the side wall of the fixing cap is provided with a first conical surface, the hole wall of the through hole is provided with a second conical surface, the first conical surface and the second conical surface are matched, and the cross section sizes of the first conical surface and the second conical surface are gradually reduced in the direction that the inner cavity of the talus body points to the outer wall of the talus body.

Further, the talus prosthesis may further comprise a retaining structure that is engageable with the fixation hook to retain the fixation hook in the through hole.

Further, the retaining structure comprises a threaded column, the through hole comprises a threaded section and a mounting section which are communicated, the mounting section is penetrated by the fixing hook, the threaded column is in threaded connection with the threaded section, and the threaded column is attached to the fixing hook.

Further, the retaining structure further comprises a retaining column, the retaining column is arranged at the lower end of the talus cover, the retaining column is inserted into the inner cavity, the shape of the retaining column is matched with that of the inner cavity, and the side wall of the retaining column can be attached to the fixing hook.

Further, one of the side wall of the retaining post and the cavity wall of the inner cavity is provided with a protrusion, the other of the side wall of the retaining post and the cavity wall of the inner cavity is provided with a groove, and the protrusion is inserted into the groove.

Further, the talus body comprises a bottom plate and an annular coaming arranged on the periphery of the bottom plate in a surrounding mode, the lower end of the annular coaming is connected with the outer edge of the bottom plate, the bottom plate and the annular coaming jointly form an inner cavity, and through holes are formed in the bottom plate and the annular coaming.

When the talar prosthetic is applied, the talar prosthetic is placed in a human talus, the fixing hooks are placed in the inner cavity of the talar and pass through the through holes, the fixing hooks are protruded out of the outer side walls of the talar, the talar is connected with the talar of the human body by the fixing hooks, and the talar cover is arranged on the talar, so that the stable fixation of the talar prosthetic can be realized.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a talus prosthesis provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows yet another schematic structural view of a talar prosthesis provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 illustrates a talar body and fixation hook assembly view of a talar prosthesis provided in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of the structure of a talus body of a talus prosthesis provided in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 5 shows a schematic structural view of a hook body of a talar prosthesis provided in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 6 shows a schematic structural view of a securing cap for a talar prosthesis provided in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 7 shows a schematic structural view of a talar cap of a talar prosthesis provided in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 8 shows a schematic structural view of a threaded post of a talar prosthesis provided in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 9 shows an assembly view of a talar prosthesis and a talus provided in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.

Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:

1. talus bone;

10. talus body; 11. an inner cavity; 111. a groove; 12. a through hole; 13. a bottom plate; 14. an annular coaming;

20. a talar cap;

30. a fixed hook; 31. a hook body; 32. a fixing cap; 321. a mounting hole;

40. a stop structure; 41. a threaded column; 42. a retaining column; 421. a protrusion.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 9, an embodiment of the present invention provides a talar prosthesis comprising a talar body 10, a talar cap 20, and a fixation hook 30, the talar body 10 having a cavity 11 and a through hole 12 communicating with the cavity 11; the talar cover 20 is arranged on the talar body 10, and the shape of the talar cover 20 is matched with the shape of the talar body 10; the fixing hook 30 is fixedly arranged through the through hole 12, and the fixing hook 30 protrudes out of the outer side wall of the talus body 10.

When the talar prosthetic is applied, the talar prosthetic is placed in the human talus 1, the fixing hook 30 is placed in the inner cavity 11 of the talar 10 and penetrates through the through hole 12, the fixing hook 30 protrudes out of the outer side wall of the talar 10, the talar 10 is connected with the human talar 1 by the fixing hook 30, and the talar cover 20 is covered on the talar 10, so that the talar prosthetic can be firmly fixed.

Wherein the shape of the talar cap 20 is adapted to the shape of the talar body 10, it means that the shape of the outer edge of the talar cap 20 is adapted to the shape of the outer wall of the talar body 10.

It should be noted that the shape of the upper surface of the talar cap 20 needs to be adapted to the shape of the outer surface of the talus to form a smooth joint surface after the talar prosthesis is placed in the talus 1.

As shown in fig. 3, 5 and 6, the fixing hook 30 includes a hook body 31 and a fixing cap 32, the fixing cap 32 is disposed in the through hole 12, a mounting hole 321 is disposed on the fixing cap 32, and the hook body 31 is disposed through the mounting hole 321 and protrudes from the outer side wall of the talus body 10. With the fixing hook 30 having the above structure, the hook body 31 can be fixed by the fixing cap 32, so that the fixing of the hook body 31 to the talus body 10 is more secure, and the fixing of the talus prosthesis is more secure.

The shape of the outer wall of the fixing cap 32 is adapted to the shape of the hole wall of the through hole 12, so as to realize a stable connection between the two.

As shown in fig. 5, the cross-sectional dimension of the hook 31 is gradually reduced in the direction in which the inner cavity 11 of the talar body 10 is directed to the outer wall thereof, and the end of the hook 31 remote from the inner cavity 11 of the talar body 10 is pointed, so that the hook 31 is easily inserted into the talar 1 using the hook 31 having the above-described structure.

In this embodiment, the hook body 31 is a hook, and the curvature of the hook body 31 is between 30 ° and 120 °, and the hook is adopted to make the connection of the hook body 31 in the bone more stable.

The curvature of the hook body 31 may be any value between 30 °, 60 °, 90 °, and 120 °.

Specifically, the curvature of the hook body 31 refers to an angle between a tangent line of the tip of the hook body 31 and a plane in which a cross section of the other end of the hook body 31 is located.

In this embodiment, the length of the hook body 31 is between 1mm and 10 mm. With the above size range, the hook body 31 can be conveniently inserted into the human skeleton, and can be stably connected with the human skeleton.

The length of the hook body 31 may be any one of 1mm, 3mm, 5mm, 8mm, 10mm, and 1mm to 10 mm.

In the present embodiment, the diameter size of the tip of the hook body 31 is between 0.01mm and 2mm, and the diameter size of the other end of the hook body 31 is between 0.1mm and 5 mm.

Specifically, the cross section of the hook body 31 is a circular structure.

As shown in fig. 1, the number of the hook bodies 31 is plural, the fixing caps 32 are provided with a plurality of mounting holes 321, the plurality of hook bodies 31 are correspondingly arranged in the plurality of mounting holes 321 in a penetrating manner, the extending directions of the hook bodies 31 are different, and the talus prosthesis and the human skeleton can be more firmly connected by arranging the plurality of hook bodies 31 on each fixing cap 32.

In this embodiment, since the extending directions of each hook 31 are different, the stress direction of the connection formed by each hook 31 and the human skeleton is different after the hook 31 is inserted into the human skeleton, so that the connection of the talus body 10 is more stable.

Specifically, the through holes 12 are plural, and the plural through holes 12 are provided at intervals on the talus body 10. With the above structure, a plurality of hooks 31 can be attached to the talus body 10, so that the connection of the talus body 10 is more stable.

In this embodiment, the side wall of the fixing cap 32 has a first conical surface, the wall of the through hole 12 has a second conical surface, and the first conical surface and the second conical surface are matched, and the cross-sectional dimensions of the first conical surface and the second conical surface are gradually reduced in the direction that the inner cavity 11 of the talus body 10 points to the outer wall thereof. By adopting the taper fit mode, the fit between the fixing cap 32 and the through hole 12 is tighter, so that the connection is firmer and the fixing cap is not easy to be separated from the through hole 12.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the talar prosthesis further includes a retaining structure 40, the retaining structure 40 being capable of engaging the fixation hook 30 to retain the fixation hook 30 in the through hole 12. By using the retaining structure 40, retaining of the fixing hook 30 is realized, and the advantage of simple structure is achieved.

As shown in fig. 4, the talar body 10 includes a base plate 13 and an annular surrounding plate 14 surrounding the periphery of the base plate 13, the lower end of the surrounding plate is connected with the outer edge of the base plate 13, the base plate 13 and the annular surrounding plate 14 jointly enclose an inner cavity 11, and through holes 12 are formed in the base plate 13 and the annular surrounding plate 14. The talus body 10 adopting the above structure has the advantages of simple structure and convenient processing.

As shown in fig. 3 and 8, the retaining structure 40 includes a threaded post 41, the through hole 12 includes a threaded section and a mounting section that are connected, the fixing hook 30 is disposed through the mounting section, the threaded post 41 is screwed with the threaded section, and the threaded post 41 is attached to the fixing hook 30. By means of the threaded post 41, a threaded connection with the threaded section of the through hole 12 can be formed, and further the fixing hook 30 is prevented from withdrawing from the through hole 12, so that the fixing hook 30 is more firmly connected with the human skeleton.

In this embodiment, the threaded post 41 is attached to the bottom plate 13, and the threaded post 41 is used to attach to the retaining cap 32 to prevent the retaining cap 32 from being withdrawn from the through hole 12.

As shown in fig. 3 and 7, the retaining structure 40 further includes a retaining post 42, the retaining post 42 is disposed at the lower end of the talar cover 20, the retaining post 42 is inserted into the inner cavity 11, the shape of the retaining post 42 is adapted to the shape of the inner cavity 11, and the side wall of the retaining post 42 can be attached to the fixing hook 30. By the retaining post 42, the fixing hook 30 is prevented from being withdrawn from the through hole 12, so that the fixing hook 30 is more firmly connected with the human bone.

In this embodiment, the side walls of the retaining post 42 are in abutment with the retaining cap 32 of the retaining hook 30 on the annular shroud 14.

The shape of the retaining post 42 is adapted to the shape of the inner cavity 11, which means that the sidewall of the retaining post 42 can be attached to the sidewall of the inner cavity 11. When the retaining post 42 is cylindrical, the inner cavity 11 is in the shape of a cylindrical cavity. When the retaining post 42 is a tapered post, the shape of the inner cavity 11 is a tapered cavity.

In this embodiment, the retaining post 42 is a tapered post with a taper of 8 °.

As shown in fig. 3 and 7, one of the side wall of the retaining post 42 and the cavity wall of the inner cavity 11 is provided with a projection 421, and the other of the side wall of the retaining post 42 and the cavity wall of the inner cavity 11 is provided with a recess 111, the projection 421 being inserted into the recess 111. By means of the cooperation of the protrusions 421 and the recesses 111, on the one hand, the positioning of the talar body 10 and the talar cover 20 is facilitated, and at the same time, a rotation between the talar body 10 and the talar cover 20 is prevented, so that the connection between them is more stable.

In the present embodiment, the projection 421 is a columnar structure extending in the axial direction of the stopper post 42.

Wherein the outer wall of the talus body 10 is porous. Bone ingrowth can be facilitated by the porous structure to make the connection of the talar prosthesis more secure.

Specifically, the pore diameter of the porous structure is 200-1000 mu m, and the porosity is 40% -80%.

In the talar prosthesis provided by the application, during surgical implantation, the talar body 10 is firstly implanted to remove a diseased talar defect part, then the fixing cap 32 is fixed on the talar body 10 through the through hole 12 of the talar body 10 by using a tool, and then the hook 31 is inserted into the talar bone through the mounting hole 321 on the fixing cap 32. The hook 31 may be selected to be of a suitable size and direction of curvature to better enhance fixation, depending on the amount of bone surrounding the defect. And the position and the direction of the hook body 31 can be adjusted by rotating the fixing cap 32, so that the hook body 31 is placed at a position with good surrounding bone quality. After the hook body 31 is fixed, the screw column 41 is screwed in, and finally the talar cover 20 is implanted. The talar cap 20 is matched and slid with the protrusion 421 inside the talar body 10 through the groove 111 on the retaining post 42, and the fixing cap 32 can be gradually pressed into the counter bore of the talar body 10 in the downward sliding process, so that firm fixing is realized. After the talar cover 20 is slid into place, it is secured to the talar body 10 by the retaining posts 42, while preventing withdrawal of the hook 31 and cap 32 on the side of the talar body 10.

In addition, because the talus defect caused by the talus cartilage damage is more on two side edges of the talus fornix, the talus prosthesis is implanted in the shoulder position of the side edge of the talus fornix 1, and a certain included angle is formed between the talus prosthesis and the sagittal plane of the human body due to the angle of the operation approach, so that a certain included angle is formed between the implantation direction of the prosthesis and the stress direction of the talus. When a human body walks and moves, the prosthesis can be subjected to shearing force in addition to positive pressure in the implantation direction, and under the shearing force, the conventional cylindrical prosthesis is easy to break away from the defect part. The hook body 31 of the talus defect prosthesis provided by the invention can be inserted into the talus 1, and after the hook body 31 is subjected to the action of shearing force, the structure of the hook body 31 can greatly enhance the fixing effect and prevent the prosthesis from falling off, so that the problem that the prosthesis is difficult to obtain stable fixation after being implanted is solved.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless it is specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters designate like items in the figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the azimuth or positional relationships indicated by the azimuth terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal", and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the azimuth or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and simplify the description, and these azimuth terms do not indicate and imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific azimuth or be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention; the orientation word "inner and outer" refers to inner and outer relative to the contour of the respective component itself.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "upper surface at … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial location relative to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to define the components, and are only for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meaning unless otherwise stated, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A talus prosthesis, the talus prosthesis comprising:

a talus body (10) having an inner cavity (11) and a through hole (12) communicating with the inner cavity (11);

-a talar cap (20) arranged over said talar body (10), the shape of said talar cap (20) being adapted to the shape of said talar body (10);

a fixing hook (30) fixedly penetrating through the through hole (12), wherein the fixing hook (30) protrudes out of the outer side wall of the talus body (10);

the fixed hook (30) comprises a hook body (31) and a fixed cap (32), the fixed cap (32) is arranged in the through hole (12), a mounting hole (321) is formed in the fixed cap (32), and the hook body (31) penetrates through the mounting hole (321) and protrudes out of the outer side wall of the talus body (10);

the plurality of the hook bodies (31) are arranged, the plurality of the mounting holes (321) are formed in the fixing cap (32), the plurality of the hook bodies (31) are correspondingly arranged in the plurality of the mounting holes (321) in a penetrating mode, and the extending directions of the hook bodies (31) are different;

the talus body (10) comprises a bottom plate (13) and an annular coaming (14) which is arranged on the periphery of the bottom plate (13), the lower end of the annular coaming (14) is connected with the outer edge of the bottom plate (13), the bottom plate (13) and the annular coaming (14) jointly enclose into an inner cavity (11), and the bottom plate (13) and the annular coaming (14) are both provided with through holes (12).

2. The talus prosthesis of claim 1, wherein,

the cross-sectional dimension of the hook body (31) gradually decreases in the direction of the inner cavity (11) of the talus body (10) pointing towards the outer wall thereof, the end of the hook body (31) remote from the inner cavity (11) of the talus body (10) forming a tip; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

the hook body (31) is a hook, and the curvature of the hook body (31) is between 30 and 120 degrees;

the length of the hook body (31) is between 1mm and 10 mm.

3. Talus prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that the through holes (12) are a plurality, a plurality of the through holes (12) being arranged at intervals on the talus body (10).

4. Talus prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that the side wall of the securing cap (32) has a first conical surface and the wall of the through hole (12) has a second conical surface, the first conical surface and the second conical surface cooperating, the cross-sectional dimensions of both of the first conical surface and the second conical surface decreasing in the direction of the inner cavity (11) of the talus body (10) pointing towards its outer wall.

5. A talar prosthesis according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a retaining structure (40), the retaining structure (40) being able to engage with the fixation hook (30) to retain the fixation hook (30) in the through hole (12).

6. The talus prosthesis of claim 5, wherein the retaining structure (40) comprises a threaded post (41), the through hole (12) comprises a threaded section and a mounting section in communication, the fixation hook (30) is threaded through the mounting section, the threaded post (41) is in threaded connection with the threaded section, and the threaded post (41) is in abutment with the fixation hook (30).

7. The talus prosthesis of claim 5, wherein the retaining structure (40) further comprises a retaining post (42), the retaining post (42) is disposed at the lower end of the talus cap (20), the retaining post (42) is inserted into the inner cavity (11), the retaining post (42) is shaped to fit the shape of the inner cavity (11), and a side wall of the retaining post (42) can be fitted to the fixing hook (30).

8. Talus prosthesis according to claim 7, characterized in that one of the side wall of the retaining post (42) and the cavity wall of the inner cavity (11) is provided with a protrusion (421), the other of the side wall of the retaining post (42) and the cavity wall of the inner cavity (11) is provided with a recess (111), the protrusion (421) being inserted in the recess (111).