CN117203054A - Windshield with improved accident safety and vehicle comprising a windshield with improved accident safety - Google Patents

Windshield with improved accident safety and vehicle comprising a windshield with improved accident safety Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117203054A
CN117203054A CN202380009496.6A CN202380009496A CN117203054A CN 117203054 A CN117203054 A CN 117203054A CN 202380009496 A CN202380009496 A CN 202380009496A CN 117203054 A CN117203054 A CN 117203054A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
polymer film
windscreen
windshield
glass
face region
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202380009496.6A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
E·瓦尔克
M·林
M·拉克施玛南
S·吉尔
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint Gobain Glass France SAS filed Critical Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Publication of CN117203054A publication Critical patent/CN117203054A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10247—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing decorations or patterns for aesthetic reasons
    • B32B17/10256—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing decorations or patterns for aesthetic reasons created by printing techniques
    • B32B17/10266—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing decorations or patterns for aesthetic reasons created by printing techniques on glass pane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10339—Specific parts of the laminated safety glass or glazing being colored or tinted
    • B32B17/10348—Specific parts of the laminated safety glass or glazing being colored or tinted comprising an obscuration band
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    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
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    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
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    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
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    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
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    • B32B17/1077—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing polyurethane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
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    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10788—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing ethylene vinylacetate
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    • B32B17/10899—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by introducing interlayers of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10935—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by introducing interlayers of synthetic resin as a preformed layer, e.g. formed by extrusion
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Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a windscreen (10) having a motor edge (M), a top edge (D) and two side edges (S) extending between the motor edge and the top edge, comprising at least a first sheet (1) having an outer side surface (I) and an inner space side surface (II) and a second sheet (2) having an outer side surface (III) and an inner space side surface (IV), the inner space side surface (II) of the first sheet (1) and the outer side surface (III) of the second sheet (2) being connected to each other via a thermoplastic interlayer (3), and-the thermoplastic interlayer (3) comprises at least one first polymer film (3.1) having a first stiffness and at least one second polymer film (3.2) having a second stiffness, the second stiffness being higher than the first stiffness, -the windscreen (10) comprises at least one second surface area (B), the thermoplastic interlayer (3) comprising at least a second polymer film (3.2) in the second surface area, -the windscreen (10) comprises at least one first polymer film (3.1) and the first polymer film (3.2) comprises at least one second polymer film (3.2), -in the installed state of the windscreen (10) in the motor vehicle, the second planar area (B) comprises at least the contact surface between the opened driver airbag of the motor vehicle and the windscreen (10), and-the at least one second planar area (B) together occupies less than 60% of the total area of the windscreen (10).

Description

Windshield with improved accident safety and vehicle comprising a windshield with improved accident safety
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a windscreen with improved accident safety, a method for manufacturing such a windscreen and a vehicle comprising a windscreen with improved accident safety.
Background
Composite glass panels comprising at least two glass panels and at least one polymer film bonded between the glass panels have been used in a large number of fields of technology for decades, in particular in building glazing and in vehicle manufacturing. In view of the boundary conditions established by the frame and the possible accessories, the choice of materials used and the dimensioning of the components are dependent on the requirements of the specific purpose of use, in particular with respect to the desired mechanical loading capacity of the finished glazing.
In US 3437552A a composite glass sheet comprising two glass sheets and a layer of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) located therebetween is disclosed.
US 6708595 B1 discloses a bulletproof composite glass pane for a motor vehicle, which comprises a stack sequence of a plurality of glass panes and a plurality of bondable interlayers located therebetween.
In particular in the automotive industry, there is a trend to use thinner and therefore lighter glass in composite glass sheets in an effort to reduce weight and to achieve fuel or electricity savings thereby. These glass articles still have to meet the defined mechanical requirements recorded in the relevant industry standards. In this case, both the safety requirements with respect to the vehicle occupants and the safety requirements with respect to further traffic participants and pedestrians are increased. In the event of a frontal part vehicle accident, the airbag integrated in the steering wheel deploys and protects the driver's head from injury in the event of a collision. The deployed airbag has a contact area with the windshield, wherein the airbag is pressed against the windshield from the inner space side surface of the inner glass plate. Thus, the windshield bends, wherein the greatest bending tensile stress occurs on the outside surface of the inner glass pane and the outside surface of the outer glass pane. In the process of weight reduction which is sought in automobile manufacture, windshields are also to be implemented as lightly as possible, for which purpose reduced glass thicknesses of the glass panes are generally used. As the thickness of the glass decreases, the mechanical strength of the area of the windshield where the airbag hits the glass decreases. With a reduced glass thickness, the risk of glass breakage in the region of the airbag increases, which leads to an unoptimized deployment of the airbag. The airbag requires sufficient reaction force in the windshield area to ensure that it opens properly, which is not possible in the event of a glass break. This problem also exists if damage to the windshield has been caused by the accident itself.
Glass articles comprising a system for projecting information are known from DE 10 2019 108 385 A1, EP 0836108 A2, EP 3187917 A2, EP 1804111A1 and EP 0844507 A1.
JP 200833141 A1 discloses a laminated glass article comprising an interlayer having a first region and a second region. The first region extends along the lower edge and/or both sides of the glass article, wherein the tensile stiffness of the interlayer is higher in the first region than in the second region.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the present invention is therefore to provide an improved windscreen which enables correct deployment of the airbag and thus provides greater accident safety even in the event of a breakage of one or both glass panes of the windscreen.
According to the proposal of the invention, the object is achieved by a windshield according to claim 1. Advantageous configurations of the invention emerge from the dependent claims.
The windshield according to the invention comprises at least one first glass pane and at least one second glass pane, which are connected to one another by means of a thermoplastic interlayer. The first glass sheet has an outer side surface I and an inner space side surface II. The second glass sheet has an outer side surface III and an inner space side surface IV. In the installed state in which the windshield is installed in the motor vehicle, the outer side surfaces of the glass plates face the vehicle environment, and the inner space side surfaces represent the surfaces of the glass plates facing the vehicle inner space, respectively. The inner space side surface II of the first glass pane is connected to the outer side surface III of the second glass pane via a thermoplastic intermediate layer, wherein the intermediate layer comprises at least one first polymer film having a first stiffness and at least one second polymer film having a second stiffness. The windshield includes at least one first face region in which the thermoplastic interlayer includes at least one first polymer film. The windshield includes a second face region in which the thermoplastic interlayer comprises a second polymer film. Here, the first face region does not include the second polymer film. The second stiffness of the second polymer film is higher than the first stiffness of the first polymer film, so that the thermoplastic intermediate layer has an improved stiffness in the second surface region. The second surface region comprises at least the contact surface between the deployed driver airbag and the windshield of the motor vehicle, which surface is dependent on the installation state of the windshield in the motor vehicle. Here, even in the event of a glass pane rupture, the higher rigidity of the second polymer film in the second face region of the windscreen ensures higher mechanical stability and provides sufficient reaction force for the airbag to open the glass pane. Thus, it is ensured that the airbag is opened without error. The second panel or panels occupy less than 60% of the total area of the windscreen, wherein in the case of a plurality of second panels the individual areas of the second panels are added together. This is advantageous in order to be able to provide a harder second polymer film which improves the accident safety in the necessary positions of the windscreen and to maintain the advantageous properties of the first polymer film in the further areas. The higher the stiffness of the polymer film, the less flexible the film, with consequent reduced breaking strength and reduced flowability upon lamination. The second, more rigid polymer film thus has this disadvantage, whereas the first polymer film shows good breaking strength and flowability in the heated state. The composite quality of the windshield is expected to be poor in the case where the second polymer film is fully incorporated in the composite glass sheet. If the first polymer film is used in its entirety and no additional second polymer film is used, the desired improved reaction force cannot be achieved when the airbag is deployed. The first polymer film ensures further advantageous acoustic properties in addition to a secure connection of the glass panes. The area of the windshield in which the second polymer film is not disposed is referred to as a first area. The area of the first face region is derived from the total area of the windshield subtracted by the area of the second face region. The second polymeric film is not disposed outside the second face region. The first polymeric film is disposed at least in the first panel region and may also extend into the second panel region. With the windshield according to the invention, improved traffic safety can be achieved with the mechanical stability of the windshield remaining unchanged.
According to the invention, the second surface region comprises at least the contact surface between the deployed driver airbag and the windshield of the motor vehicle, which surface is dependent on the installation state of the windshield in the motor vehicle. The windshield is produced individually for a specific motor vehicle model. With this model, the subsequent installation position can be determined even when the windshield is not in the installed state, and therefore, the contact surface of the deployed driver airbag with the windshield can be determined according to the windshield itself.
The inventors determined that the stiffer second polymer film only marginally improves the stiffness of the glass laminate before the glass sheet breaks, and that the stiffness of the glass sheet itself is a major factor for the stiffness of the windscreen in the undamaged state. After the glass breaks due to an accident or release of the airbag, the rigidity of the glass laminate is greatly reduced, as can also be seen in the apparent sinking of the windshield as the crack expands. Upon breakage of the glass sheet, delamination and stretching of the thermoplastic interlayer comprising the second polymer film occurs in the region of the glass breakage. The stiffer second polymeric film has lower ductility, i.e., the maximum ductility of the film before tearing is reduced compared to the first polymeric film. By introducing a second, higher stiffness polymer film, the stiffness of the damaged area is significantly higher than in a standard windshield comprising only the first polymer film. The windscreen according to the invention thus provides a higher reaction force for the optimised deployment of the air-bag.
The windshield is provided for separating the vehicle interior space from the external environment. That is to say, the windshield is a window pane which is inserted into a window opening of a vehicle body or is provided for this purpose. The windshield is placed in an opening of a vehicle body provided for this purpose between the hood, the roof of the vehicle body and the a-beam of the vehicle body. The edge of the windshield that is closest to the motor area of the vehicle in the installed state is referred to as the motor edge, while the edge opposite the motor edge is referred to as the roof edge and is oriented adjacent to the roof of the vehicle. The two edges of the windshield that extend adjacent to the a-beam (also referred to as the a-pillar) are referred to as the side edges of the windshield and interconnect the motor edge with the top edge. The first glass pane constitutes an outer glass pane of the windscreen facing the external vehicle environment, while the second glass pane of the windscreen forms an inner glass pane facing the vehicle interior space. It is to be understood that the first glass plate, the second glass plate, and the thermoplastic interlayer have substantially the same outer dimensions. The surface of each glass plate that faces the external environment of the vehicle in the installed position is referred to as an outside surface. The surface of each glass plate that faces the interior space of the vehicle in the mounted position is referred to as an interior space side surface. The inner space side surface of the outer glass sheet is connected to the outer side surface of the inner glass sheet via a thermoplastic interlayer. In general, the outer side surface of the outer glass plate is referred to as "I-plane", the inner space side surface of the outer glass plate is referred to as "II-plane", the outer side surface of the inner glass plate is referred to as "III-plane", and the inner space side surface of the inner glass plate is referred to as "IV-plane".
The windshield according to the invention has at least one second surface area in which a second polymer film is introduced. There may also be a plurality of second face regions. No second polymeric film is introduced outside the second face region. The size of the second surface area can vary, but according to the invention at least comprises a contact surface between the deployed driver airbag of the vehicle and the windshield, which surface is dependent on the installation state of the windshield in the motor vehicle. The second polymer film cooperates with the first polymer film to form a thermoplastic intermediate layer. The first polymer film and the second polymer film may be constructed in one layer or in multiple layers, respectively. In one possible embodiment, the first polymer film is embodied as a film laminate and/or the second polymer film is embodied as a film laminate, for example as a three-layer film laminate. Preferably, the first polymer film and the second polymer film are implemented as single layer films.
According to the invention, the thermoplastic intermediate layer comprises at least one first polymer film having a first stiffness and at least one second polymer film having a second stiffness. The thermoplastic intermediate layer may additionally comprise one or more additional films. This may be, for example, a film with an electrically switchable function or a film with a dyed region.
The at least one first polymer film and the at least one second polymer film are introduced in the windshield in a superimposed and/or adjacent manner to one another. In this case, it is preferable to determine whether the first polymer film and the second polymer film are applied overlapping or adjacent to each other, depending on the size of the second surface area.
The driver side of the motor vehicle can be arranged either on the right-hand vehicle side or on the left-hand vehicle side, viewed from the vehicle cabin outwards. Correspondingly, the at least one second surface area is arranged on the right and/or left side of the windshield, viewed in the direction of travel from the vehicle cabin outwards. At least one second surface region comprising the contact surface between the opened driver airbag and the windshield is preferably within the so-called B-view of the windshield.
The windshield has a central field of view, which places high demands on the optical quality of the central field of view. The central field of view must have a high light transmittance (typically greater than 70%). The central field of view is referred to by the skilled person as, inter alia, the B field of view or the B field of view. The B field of view and its technical requirements are regulated in the United nations European economic Commission (UN/ECE) code 43 (ECE-R43, "unified regulations for approval of safety glass materials and their installation in vehicles (Einheitliche Bedingungen f U rdie Genehmigung der Sicherheitsverglasungswerkstoffe und ihres Einbaus in Fahrzeuge)"). Where the B field of view is defined in appendix 18.
It is particularly preferred that the windshield also has a second surface area in the region of contact of the secondary driver airbag with the windshield. The second surface area may optionally be formed separately from or continuously with a second surface area comprising the contact surface between the driver airbag and the windshield. In the region of the secondary driver airbag, the second surface region protrudes from the motor edge, preferably up to a height of up to 50% of the windshield height, wherein the height of the windshield is determined by the distance between the motor edge and the top edge of the windshield.
In a preferred embodiment, the windshield has only one first and one second surface area, which together cover the total area of the windshield. In a further preferred embodiment, the windscreen has a continuous first surface area, which surrounds a plurality of second surface areas. In addition to the second surface area covering the contact surface of the opened driver airbag with the windshield, a further second surface area may be provided, for example, in the region of the contact surface of the opened passenger airbag with the windshield.
In principle, it is worth equipping the second polymer film with a larger area fraction in terms of the greatest possible load carrying capacity of the windshield, however this is generally not merely advantageous due to the lower breaking strength of the second polymer film and for reasons of cost.
Preferably, the second panel region or regions together occupy less than 50% of the total area of the windscreen, preferably less than 20% to 40% of the total area of the windscreen. Here, in the case of a plurality of second face regions, the individual areas of the respective second face regions are added together. In tests, it has been found that the so-called preferred area proportion of the second surface region is sufficient to cover the contact surface between the airbag and the windshield. The remaining first surface area is here large enough to ensure a good connection of the individual glass panes of the windscreen. Thus, improved traffic safety can be achieved with the mechanical stability of the windshield remaining unchanged.
Preferably, the second face region is surrounded by the first face region, wherein the first face region comprises at least one first polymer film. The second surface area is limited only locally to the areas necessary for accident safety, and an optimized connection of the glass panes is ensured by the at least one first polymer film around the surface area and in the rest of the windshield. It is particularly preferred that the first face region comprises exactly one first polymer film. The thermoplastic intermediate layer in the first face region is composed in particular of a first polymer film, wherein no further polymer film is arranged between the first polymer film and the first glass pane and between the first polymer film and the second glass pane.
In a preferred embodiment, the first polymeric film has a recess in the second surface region, and at least one second polymeric film is inserted into this recess. This is advantageous in order to be able to insert the second polymeric film only locally in the areas where it is desired. The first polymer film here surrounds the second polymer film in a frame-like manner and, if appropriate, further films which may be present in the second surface region. The indentations in the first polymer film are advantageous in order to achieve as small a thickness deviation as possible between the first and second surface areas and in order to be able to insert the second polymer film as flush as possible. If the first polymer film is sheared, a local thickening of the thermoplastic intermediate layer in the region of the second polymer film can be avoided by fitting the second polymer film precisely into the recess. Preferably, the indentations of the first polymer film have rounded geometries, particularly preferably elliptical or circular indentations are selected. The rounded geometry helps to avoid false laminations and possible air inclusions in the corner areas.
The thermoplastic intermediate film preferably consists of one or more first polymer films, preferably exactly one first polymer film, in the first face region. This is advantageous to ensure simplified manufacture and simplified introduction of the notch if present in the second face region.
The thermoplastic intermediate layer can be formed in a single layer or in multiple layers in the second surface region and comprises at least one second polymer film. The construction of the thermoplastic intermediate layer in the second face region as a single layer of the second polymer film facilitates a simplified production and a simple integration of the layer stack of the thermoplastic intermediate layer. In addition, here, the thicknesses of the first and second polymer films may be selected to be similar or uniform, thereby avoiding stress in the glass due to localized thickness differences. In a further preferred embodiment, the thermoplastic intermediate layer in the second face region comprises a second polymer film and a first polymer film, which are arranged one above the other and are embedded in the indentations of the first polymer film present in the first face region. This is preferred in order to improve the adhesion and lamination of the thermoplastic intermediate layer in the second panel region. Preferably, the thicknesses of the second polymer film and the first polymer film within the second face region are selected such that the sum thereof has as small a deviation as possible from the thickness of the first polymer film located in the first face region. In a particularly preferred embodiment, a layer stack of a first polymer film, a second polymer film and a first polymer film arranged in this sequence one above the other is provided in the second surface region, in which region the thermoplastic intermediate layer is composed of the layer stack. The first polymeric film disposed adjacent to the second polymeric film in the second face region improves the attachment of the second polymeric film located between the first polymeric films to the glass sheet. In this configuration, the thickness deviation of the thermoplastic intermediate layer between the first and second face regions is also as small as possible. Whether only the second polymer film is present in the second face region or whether it is to be provided with the first polymer film for improved adhesion on one or both sides depends on the choice of material of the second polymer film and its adhesion ability to the glass plate.
In order to minimize stresses in the glass of the windshield, the thickness of the thermoplastic intermediate layer in the first face region is selected such that it deviates from the thickness of the thermoplastic intermediate layer in the second face region by less than 10%, preferably less than 5%, particularly preferably less than 2%. In particular, the thickness of the thermoplastic intermediate layer in the first face region is equal to the thickness of the thermoplastic intermediate layer in the second face region. In order to determine the thickness of the thermoplastic intermediate layer, the thicknesses of all the first and/or second polymer films which are arranged in this region in a planar manner lying one above the other between the inner space-side surface of the outer pane and the outer side surface of the inner pane are added together.
The first polymer film and the second polymer film each comprise one or more monolayers. The thickness of the first polymer film is preferably between 300 μm and 1000 μm, particularly preferably between 350 μm and 850 μm. The thickness of the second polymer film is preferably between 25 μm and 850 μm, wherein the selected thickness of the second polymer film depends on whether or not there is a planar overlap of the first polymer film in the second face region.
In a preferred first embodiment, the at least one second surface region occupies less than 60%, preferably less than 50% of the total area of the windshield and is surrounded by a continuous first surface region. In the first face region, a first polymer film is arranged, which has a recess in the second face region, into which recess a separate second polymer film is inserted. Here, both the first polymer film and the second polymer film have a thickness of 300 μm to 850 μm, preferably 700 μm to 800 μm, wherein it is particularly preferred that the thicknesses of the first polymer film and the second polymer film deviate from each other by less than 10%.
In a preferred second embodiment, the at least one second surface region occupies less than 60%, preferably less than 50% of the total area of the windshield and is surrounded by the continuous first surface region. A first polymeric film is disposed in the first face region, the first polymeric film having a notch in the second face region. The indentations of the first polymeric film of the first face region define a second face region. A layer stack comprising a second polymer film and a first polymer film is disposed in the second face region. Here, the first polymer film in the first face region has a thickness of 600 μm to 850 μm, and the first polymer film in the second face region has a thickness of 300 μm to 825 μm and the second polymer film in the second face region has a thickness of 25 μm to 400 μm. It is particularly preferred that the total thickness of the thermoplastic intermediate layer in the first face region (equal to the thickness of the first polymer film disposed there) deviates less than 10% from the thickness of the thermoplastic intermediate layer in the second face region (defined by the sum of the thicknesses of the first and second polymer films disposed there). For example, the first polymer film in the first face region has a thickness of 760 μm, while in the second face region is disposed a first polymer film having a thickness of 380 μm and a second polymer film having a thickness of 380 μm.
In a preferred third embodiment, the at least one second surface region occupies less than 60%, preferably less than 50% of the total area of the windscreen and is surrounded by the continuous first surface region. A first polymeric film is disposed in the first face region, the first polymeric film having a notch in the second face region. The indentations of the first polymeric film of the first face region define a second face region. A layer stack is inserted in the second surface region, which layer stack comprises, in the following sequence: a first polymer film, a second polymer film, and a first polymer film. Here, the first polymer films in the first face region have a thickness of 600 μm to 850 μm, and the first polymer films in the second face region have a thickness of 200 μm to 400 μm and the second polymer films in the second face region have a thickness of 25 μm to 200 μm, respectively. It is particularly preferred that the total thickness of the thermoplastic intermediate layer in the first face region (equal to the thickness of the first polymer film introduced therein) deviates less than 10% from the thickness of the thermoplastic intermediate layer in the second face region (defined by the sum of the thicknesses of the first and second polymer films introduced therein). For example, the first polymer film in the first face region has a thickness of 760 μm, while two first polymer films each having a thickness of 380 μm and a second polymer film having a thickness of 50 μm are introduced in the second face region.
In principle, thicker or thinner polymer films can also be used, and small thickness differences between the thermoplastic intermediate layer in the first face region and the thermoplastic intermediate layer in the second face region are also acceptable if necessary; however, the thickness ranges and thickness uniformity mentioned above are technically advantageous.
The at least one first polymer film preferably comprises polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyurethane (PU), ionomer, and/or Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA). These materials have proven to be particularly suitable in relation to the secure connection of the glass plates to each other.
The at least one second polymer film preferably comprises polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyurethane (PU), ionomer, and/or Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA).
Preferably, the at least one first polymer film is a film having an elastic modulus of less than 20MPa and the second polymer film is a film having an elastic modulus of greater than 100MPa, the elastic moduli being measured according to standard ASTM D882, respectively.
In a preferred embodiment, the first polymer film is a PVB film having an elastic modulus of less than 20MPa, and the second polymer film is a PVB film or PET film having an elastic modulus of greater than 100MPa, the elastic modulus being measured according to standard ASTM D882, respectively.
In principle, however, a polymer film having a further chemical composition can be used for both the first and the second surface region, provided that it meets the remaining requirements regarding transparency and durability and follows the above-described relationship between the stiffness or elastic modulus of the first and the second polymer film.
The first glass pane and the second glass pane are preferably made of glass, particularly preferably soda lime glass, as is usual for window glass. The first and second glass plates may be made of another glass type, such as quartz glass, borosilicate glass or aluminosilicate glass, or of a rigid transparent plastic, such as polycarbonate or polymethyl methacrylate.
The first glass plate and the second glass plate may be made of non-prestressed glass, partially prestressed glass or prestressed glass, independently of each other. If the first glass sheet and/or the second glass sheet are to be prestressed, this may be thermal prestressing or chemical prestressing.
The first glass plate and the second glass plate have a thickness of preferably 0.8mm to 2.5mm, particularly preferably 1.2mm to 2.2mm, respectively. The thickness of the first glass sheet is typically 1.0mm to 2.5mm. The thickness of the second glass sheet is preferably between 0.8mm and 2.1 mm. The thickness of the first glass sheet is preferably greater than the thickness of the second glass sheet. For example, the thickness of the first glass sheet may be 2.1mm and the thickness of the second glass sheet may be 1.1mm, or the thickness of the first glass sheet may be 1.8mm and the thickness of the second glass sheet may be 1.4mm, or the thickness of the first glass sheet may be 1.6mm and the thickness of the second glass sheet may be 1.1mm, or the thickness of the first glass sheet may be 1.6mm and the thickness of the second glass sheet may be 0.7mm, or the thickness of the first glass sheet may be 1.4mm and the thickness of the second glass sheet may be 1.1mm.
The first glass sheet, the second glass sheet, and the thermoplastic interlayer may be transparent and colorless, but may also be tinted or dyed. The coloration of the outer glass sheet, the inner glass sheet, and the thermoplastic interlayer is selected depending on the desired application of the composite glass sheet. For windshields, it is desirable to have high transmission in the visible range of the spectrum and to forgo dark tinting of the parts. The total transmission through the windshield is greater than 70% in the configuration of the windshield as a motor vehicle, which is dependent on the light type a. The term total transmittance relates to a method for testing the light transmission of a motor vehicle glazing as specified by ECE-R43, appendix 3, ≡9.1.
The windscreen according to the invention is preferably curved in one or more directions of space, as is usual for motor vehicle glazing panels, wherein a typical radius of curvature is in the range of about 10cm to about 40 m. However, the windscreen may also be flat, for example when provided as a glass pane for a bus, train or tractor.
The first glass pane, the second glass pane and/or the thermoplastic interlayer may have a further suitable coating known per se, for example an antireflective coating, a release coating, a scratch-resistant coating, a photocatalytic coating or a sun-shading coating or a low-emissivity coating.
Automotive glazing, in particular windshields, rear glass and roof glass, generally have a peripheral covering print made of opaque enamel, in particular for protecting the glue used for mounting the glass pane from uv radiation and for visually masking it. It is preferable that the first glass plate used as the outer glass plate has at least such a masking print, and it is particularly preferable that not only the first glass plate but also the second glass plate (the inner glass plate and the outer glass plate) are printed so as to prevent a penetration as seen from both sides. The opaque masking print is applied, for example, in the form of a screen print, so that the screen print rewrites the field of view of the glass sheet or forms the outer edge of the glass sheet. The electrical conductors possibly arranged in the edge region of the glass pane and, if appropriate, the uncoated edge region provided in the coated glass pane are preferably masked by the masking print and are thus visually obscured. The opaque screen print may be positioned in any plane of the composite glass sheet.
The invention also includes a method for manufacturing a windscreen according to the invention, said method comprising the following method steps:
a) Providing a first glass plate or a second glass plate,
b) A thermoplastic interlayer comprising a first polymer film and a second polymer film is placed on the first glass plate or the second glass plate,
c) The stack of layers is closed with a second glass plate or a first glass plate,
d) A layer stack comprising at least a first glass sheet, a thermoplastic interlayer, and a second glass sheet is laminated to a windshield.
In step b), the thermoplastic intermediate layer may be laid by laying the first polymer film and the second polymer film simultaneously or successively. Before or after the first and second polymer films are placed in step b), but in any case before step c), the first and second polymer films are cut. The first polymer film and/or the second polymer film may also be implemented in the form of a plurality of films (e.g., two or more thermoplastic films). The features mentioned in the description of the windscreen apply also to the method and vice versa.
If a coating, such as a sun-shading coating or a heatable coating, is applied to the surfaces of the first and second glass sheets that are directed towards the thermoplastic interlayer, it is preferred that the glass sheets are joined to form a composite glass after the coating has been applied. If the windshield includes a coating to be electrically contacted, the electrically conductive layer is electrically contacted by collecting conductors or another suitable electrical conductor prior to lamination of the composite glass sheet.
The printing which may be present, for example, a light-tight masking printing, is preferably applied in a screen printing process.
The first and second glass sheets are preferably joined together by lamination via a thermoplastic interlayer under the influence of heat, vacuum and/or pressure to form the windshield. Methods known per se for manufacturing composite glass sheets can be used. The heated, flowable thermoplastic material flows upon lamination, thereby producing a stable composite.
For example, the so-called autoclave process can be carried out at elevated pressures of about 10bar to 15bar and temperatures of 130 ℃ to 145 ℃ for more than about two hours. The vacuum packaging process or vacuum ring process known per se works, for example, at about 200mbar and 80 to 110 ℃. The first glass sheet, the thermoplastic interlayer, and the second glass sheet may also be pressed into one glass sheet in a calender between at least one pair of rolls. Apparatuses of this type are known for producing glass sheets and generally have at least one heating channel before the pressing device. The temperature during the pressing process is, for example, 40 ℃ to 150 ℃. The combination of the calender process with the autoclave process has proved particularly reliable in practice. Alternatively a vacuum laminator may be used. These vacuum laminators comprise one or more heatable and evacuable chambers in which glass sheets are laminated at a low pressure of 0.01mbar to 800mbar and a temperature of 80 ℃ to 170 ℃ for example in about 60 minutes.
The invention further relates to a motor vehicle comprising at least a vehicle body, at least one driver airbag and a windshield according to the invention, wherein the windshield is mounted in an opening of the vehicle body. The windshield has an upper edge, a lower edge opposite thereto, and two side edges opposite to each other. The upper edge is taken to mean the edge which is arranged to point upwards in the direction of the roof of the vehicle in the installed position. The upper edge is commonly referred to as the top edge or front top edge. The lower edge is taken to mean the edge which is arranged to point downwards in the mounted position in the direction of the vehicle hood. The lower edge is generally referred to as the motor edge. The side edges of the windshield face each other and connect the lower edge to the upper edge. The side edges of the windshield abut a body section commonly referred to as an a-pillar. In the case of a continuous panoramic glass article in which the windshield includes a partial region of the roof, the top edge may be displaced back into the roof region. The motor vehicle is preferably a passenger vehicle.
The features disclosed in connection with a windscreen according to the invention are equally applicable to a motor vehicle comprising such a windscreen.
All references to standards refer to versions thereof that are valid on the filing date.
The various configurations of the present invention may be implemented alone or in any combination. In particular, the features mentioned above and to be explained below can be used not only in the given combination but also in further combinations or alone without exceeding the scope of the invention. Unless the embodiments and/or features thereof are explicitly mentioned as alternatives or mutually exclusive.
The invention will be described in more detail hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, it is noted that different aspects are described that can be used separately or in combination. That is, each aspect may be used with different embodiments of the invention, provided that it is not explicitly configured as a pure alternative.
Drawings
The figures are simplified, schematic illustrations and are not to the right scale. The drawings are not intended to limit the invention in any way. In the figure:
fig. 1 shows a top view of an embodiment of a windscreen according to the invention, and
fig. 2a to 2d show a section through a cross section of the embodiment of the windscreen according to the invention shown in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows a plan view of an embodiment of a windshield 10 according to the invention, while fig. 2a to 2d show a cross section along the section line C' -C according to fig. 1 through the embodiment shown in fig. 1 and a view of the cross section in the enlarged region Z.
The windscreen 10 shown in fig. 1 and 2a-d comprises a first glass pane 1 and a second glass pane 2, which are connected to each other via a thermoplastic interlayer 3. The first glass plate 1 has an outer side surface I and an inner space side surface II. The second glass sheet has an outer side surface III and an inner space side surface IV. The outer side surface I, III is directed in the direction of the surroundings in the installed state of the windshield, while the inner space side surfaces II, IV are directed in the direction of the vehicle inner space in the installed state. The inner space side surface II of the first glass plate 1 is connected to the outer side surface III of the second glass plate 2 via a thermoplastic interlayer 3. The thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 comprises at least a first polymer film 3.1 and a second polymer film 3.2. The windshield 10 has a top edge D, a motor edge M opposite the top edge, and two side edges S opposite each other, which interconnect the motor edge M and the top edge D.
As can be seen from fig. 1 and 2a-d, the second polymer film 3.2 is provided only in a second face region B of the windscreen 10, which in the installed state of the windscreen 10 in the motor vehicle comprises the contact surface between the opened vehicle airbag and the windscreen 10. The remaining face area of the windshield 10 is referred to as a first face area a. The thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 is formed from a first polymer film 3.1 in a first face region a of the windscreen 10. The first glass plate 1 is, for example, a glass plate made of soda lime glass having a thickness of 2.1 mm. The second glass plate 2 is for example made of soda lime glass and has a thickness of 1.6 mm. The first polymer film 3.1 in the first face region a is made for example of PVB which is standard for this type of purpose and has a thickness of 0.76mm. The first polymer film 3.1 is a PVB film with an elastic modulus of less than 20MPa, measured according to standard ASTM D882.
The thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 contains at least one second polymer film within the second surface region B and can be implemented as a single layer or as multiple layers, wherein fig. 2a to d show a preferred embodiment. The detailed construction in the second surface region B is shown in fig. 2B-d. In addition, the embodiments according to fig. 1 and 2a are effective correspondingly.
According to fig. 2B, the thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 in the second surface region B consists of a separate second polymer film 3.2. The second polymer film 3.2 is, for example, a 0.76mm thick ionomer film with high stiffness, as it is, for example, under the trade nameAs is the case with free sales. The second polymer film 3.2 is an ionomer film having an elastic modulus greater than 300MPa, measured according to standard ASTM D882. But for example a harder one can be commercially named + ->The PVB film obtained from DG41 was used as the second polymer film. The second polymer film 3.2 is in this case a PVB film with an elastic modulus of more than 100MPa, measured according to standard ASTM D882. Can also be named +.>Or->A mass-market polymer film is used as the second polymer film. The first polymer film 3.1 in the first face region a has the same thickness as the second polymer film 3.2 in the second face region B.
In fig. 2c, the thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 in the second face region B consists of a first polymer film 3.1 with a thickness of 0.38mm and a second polymer film 3.2 with a thickness of also 0.38 mm. The first polymer film 3.1 is a PVB film having an elastic modulus of less than 20MPa, and the second polymer film 3.2 is a PVB film having an elastic modulus of greater than 100MPa, as measured according to standard ASTM D882, respectively.
According to fig. 2d, the thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 in the second face region B consists of a first polymer film 3.1 with a thickness of 0.38mm, a second polymer film 3.2 with a thickness of 50 μm and a first polymer film 3.1 with a thickness of also 0.38mm in this sequence. Each first polymer film 3.1 is a PVB film having an elastic modulus of less than 20MPa, and the second polymer film 3.2 is a PET film having an elastic modulus of greater than 100MPa, measured according to standard ASTM D882, respectively.
In a first test by the inventors, it was demonstrated that even in the event of a breakage of one of the glass panes 1, 2, in all embodiments the accident safety is improved by a reduction in the deformation of the windscreen 10 in the second surface area B. The improved stiffness of the windshield 10 after the glass panel breaks provides a higher reaction force for the airbag to open that ensures optimal opening of the airbag.
List of reference numerals
10 windshield
1. First glass plate
2. Second glass plate
3. Thermoplastic intermediate layer
3.1 first Polymer film
3.2 second Polymer film
A first surface area
B second face region
X notch
D top edge
M motor edge
S-side edge
I the outer side surface of the first glass plate 1
II inner space side surface of first glass plate 1
III the outer side surface of the second glass pane 2
Inner space side surface of the second glass plate 2
Z-magnified display area
C' -C profile

Claims (13)

1. A windscreen (10) having a motor edge (M), a top edge (D) and two side edges (S) extending between the motor edge and the top edge, the windscreen comprising at least a first glass pane (1) having an outer side surface (I) and an inner space side surface (II) and a second glass pane (2) having an outer side surface (III) and an inner space side surface (IV), the inner space side surface (II) of the first glass pane (1) and the outer side surface (III) of the second glass pane (2) being connected to each other via a thermoplastic interlayer (3) and,
the thermoplastic intermediate layer (3) comprises at least one first polymer film (3.1) having a first stiffness and at least one second polymer film (3.2) having a second stiffness,
The second stiffness is higher than the first stiffness,
the windshield (10) comprises at least one second surface area (B), in which the thermoplastic intermediate layer (3) comprises at least a second polymer film (3.2),
the windshield (10) comprises at least one first face region (A) in which the thermoplastic intermediate layer (3) comprises at least one first polymer film (3.1) and no second polymer film (3.2),
-in the installed state of the windscreen (10) in a motor vehicle, the second surface area (B) comprises at least the contact surface between the opened driver airbag of the motor vehicle and the windscreen (10), and
-said at least one first face area (B) together occupies less than 60% of the total area of the windscreen (10).
2. A windscreen (10) according to claim 1, wherein said at least one second face area (B) together occupies less than 50%, preferably 20% to 40% of the total area of the windscreen (10).
3. The windscreen (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second face region (B) is surrounded by a first face region (a) and the first face region (a) comprises exactly one first polymer film (3.1).
4. A windscreen (10) according to claim 3, wherein the first polymer film (3.1) has a notch (X) in the at least one second face area (B) and wherein at least one second polymer film (3.2) is placed in the notch (X).
5. A windscreen (10) according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the thermoplastic intermediate layer (3) in the first face area (a) consists of one or more first polymer films (3.1).
6. A windscreen (10) according to one of the claims 3 to 5, wherein the thickness of the thermoplastic intermediate layer (3) in the first face region (a) deviates from the thickness of the thermoplastic intermediate layer (3) in the second face region (B) by less than 10%, preferably less than 5%, particularly preferably less than 2%.
7. The windscreen (10) according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the thermoplastic intermediate layer (3) in the second face region (B) consists of the second polymer film (3.2), or of the second polymer film (3.2) and the first polymer film (3.1), or of the first polymer film (3.1), the second polymer film (3.2) and the first polymer film (3.1) in such a sequence.
8. The windshield (10) according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first polymer film (3.1) comprises polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyurethane (PU), ionomer and/or ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), and the second polymer film (3.2) comprises polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyurethane (PU), ionomer and/or ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA).
9. The windshield (10) according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the first polymer film (3.1) is a PVB film having a modulus of elasticity of less than 20MPa and the second polymer film (3.2) is a PVB film having a modulus of elasticity of more than 100MPa or a PET film having a modulus of elasticity of more than 100MPa, the modulus of elasticity being measured according to standard ASTM D882, respectively.
10. The windscreen (10) according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the first glass pane (1) and the second glass pane (2) comprise glass and have a thickness of 0.8mm to 2.5mm, preferably 1.2mm to 2.2mm, respectively.
11. Method for manufacturing a windscreen (10) according to one of the claims 1 to 10, wherein the method comprises at least the steps of:
a) Providing a first glass pane (1) or a second glass pane (2),
b) A thermoplastic interlayer (3) comprising a first polymer film (3.1) and a second polymer film (3.2) is placed on the first glass plate (1) or the second glass plate (2),
c) Closing the layer stack with the second glass pane (2) or the first glass pane (1), and
d) A layer stack consisting of at least a first glass pane (1), a thermoplastic intermediate layer (3) and a second glass pane (2) is laminated to a windshield (10).
12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the first polymer film (3.1) and the second polymer film (3.2) are placed simultaneously or sequentially in step b).
13. Motor vehicle comprising at least a vehicle body, at least one driver airbag and a windscreen (10) according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the windscreen (10) is fitted into an opening of the vehicle body.
CN202380009496.6A 2022-04-06 2023-03-29 Windshield with improved accident safety and vehicle comprising a windshield with improved accident safety Pending CN117203054A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22167021 2022-04-06
EP22167021.9 2022-04-06
PCT/EP2023/058075 WO2023194164A1 (en) 2022-04-06 2023-03-29 Windscreen having improved collision safety and vehicle comprising same

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CN117203054A true CN117203054A (en) 2023-12-08

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3437552A (en) 1967-08-01 1969-04-08 Du Pont Glass laminate and interlayer
JPH10115802A (en) 1996-10-11 1998-05-06 Central Glass Co Ltd Display device
JPH10148787A (en) 1996-11-20 1998-06-02 Central Glass Co Ltd Display
FR2795365B1 (en) 1999-06-25 2002-07-12 Saint Gobain Vitrage ARMORED SHEET GLASS, PARTICULARLY FOR MOTOR VEHICLES
JP2006098466A (en) 2004-09-28 2006-04-13 Central Glass Co Ltd Windshield for automobile
JP4844362B2 (en) 2006-11-27 2011-12-28 旭硝子株式会社 Laminated glass
CN104267499B (en) 2014-10-14 2016-08-17 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司 A kind of head-up-display system
US10981358B2 (en) 2018-04-03 2021-04-20 AGC Inc. Laminated glass
JP7145240B2 (en) * 2018-08-29 2022-09-30 サン－ゴバン グラス フランス composite glass pane

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