CN117199536A - Lithium/sodium ion battery - Google Patents
Lithium/sodium ion battery Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117199536A CN117199536A CN202310984822.7A CN202310984822A CN117199536A CN 117199536 A CN117199536 A CN 117199536A CN 202310984822 A CN202310984822 A CN 202310984822A CN 117199536 A CN117199536 A CN 117199536A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- lithium
- ion battery
- sodium ion
- negative electrode
- electrolyte
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010926 waste battery Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a lithium/sodium ion battery, which comprises an anode, a cathode, electrolyte and the like, and is characterized in that: the positive electrode is of a block structure containing positive electrode active materials of the lithium/sodium ion battery, the negative electrode is of a block structure containing negative electrode active materials of the lithium/sodium ion battery, electrolyte flow channels are formed in the positive electrode block and the negative electrode block, an electrolyte closed loop passing through the positive electrode and the negative electrode is formed in the lithium/sodium ion battery, and an electrolyte driving device is arranged in the closed loop.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of lithium/sodium ion batteries, and in particular to lithium/sodium ion batteries using bulk electrodes.
Background
There are many advantages to making the electrodes of lithium/sodium ion batteries as a block structure compared to the currently commonly used membrane structures: the consumption of the current collector and the diaphragm can be greatly reduced, the manufacturing process is simpler, the energy density of the battery can be improved, the occurrence of internal short circuit of the battery can be reduced, and the disassembly and recovery of the waste battery are simpler and more efficient. However, compared with the membrane electrode, the bulk electrode has the advantages that the diffusion distance between the electrodes of lithium/sodium ions is greatly increased in the charge and discharge process of the battery, so that the battery has great internal resistance, and the battery can only work at low multiplying power, thereby limiting the application of the battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a lithium/sodium ion battery, which comprises an anode, a cathode, electrolyte and the like, and is characterized in that: the positive electrode is of a block structure containing positive electrode active materials of the lithium/sodium ion battery, the negative electrode is of a block structure containing negative electrode active materials of the lithium/sodium ion battery, electrolyte flow channels are formed in the positive electrode block and the negative electrode block, an electrolyte closed loop passing through the positive electrode and the negative electrode is formed in the lithium/sodium ion battery, and an electrolyte driving device is arranged in the closed loop.
Preferably, the electrolyte flow channels in the positive electrode block and the negative electrode block are pore structures or/and capillary structures in the electrodes.
Preferably, the positive electrode and the negative electrode are internally compounded with a conductive material, and the conductive material comprises: metal wires, metal fibers, metal mesh cloth, porous metal, graphite sheets, graphene, carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes.
Preferably, the bulk porous metal acts as a current collector for the positive electrode or/and the negative electrode, and at the same time acts as a support for the positive electrode or/and the negative electrode active material.
Preferably, the metal mesh serves as a current collector of the positive electrode or/and the negative electrode, and simultaneously serves as a carrier of the positive electrode or/and the negative electrode active material.
Preferably, the positive/negative electrode active material powder, the binder, and the conductive material are molded together to form a porous positive/negative electrode block.
Preferably, the metal lithium/sodium is a negative electrode active material, the porous metal is a carrier of a current collector and the negative electrode active material, and the negative electrode of the lithium/sodium ion battery is a porous metal block loaded with the metal lithium/sodium.
Preferably, the lithium/sodium ion battery has a cavity, and two ends of the cavity are communicated through an electrolyte conduit to form a closed loop of electrolyte, and the electrolyte conduit passes through the cavity or bypasses the outside of the cavity.
Preferably, the lithium/sodium ion battery is provided with two or more cavities, and the cavities are communicated end to form a closed loop of electrolyte.
Preferably, the lithium/sodium ion battery is provided with an inner cavity and an outer cavity, the inner cavity is nested in the outer cavity, and the inner cavity is communicated with two ends of the outer cavity to form a closed loop of electrolyte.
Preferably, the positive electrode blocks and the negative electrode blocks in each cavity are alternately arranged, and an isolating film or an isolating layer is arranged between the positive electrode blocks and the negative electrode blocks.
Preferably, when the lithium/sodium ion battery has two or more cavities, the positive and negative electrode blocks are in separate cavities, respectively.
Preferably, the thickness of the isolating layer is 0.1-100 mm, and the isolating layer is a porous sheet block made of an insulating material or a net cloth layer made of an insulating fiber material.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a single-cavity lithium/sodium ion battery of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a dual-cavity lithium/sodium ion battery of the present invention (both positive and negative electrodes in each cavity).
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a dual-cavity lithium/sodium ion battery of the present invention (positive and negative electrodes in separate cavities, respectively).
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an internal and external cavity lithium/sodium ion battery (with both positive and negative electrodes in each cavity) according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an internal and external cavity lithium/sodium ion battery of the present invention (with the positive and negative electrodes in separate cavities).
Reference numerals illustrate: the positive electrode (1), the negative electrode (2), the isolating layer (3), the electrolyte driving pump (4), the electrolyte guide pipe (5), the inner cavity (6) and the outer cavity (7).
Description of the embodiments
Positive/negative electrode block electrode manufacturing: the positive/negative electrode active material powder, the binder and the conductive material are molded together to form a porous block electrode. Further, a carbon layer can be deposited on the fabricated porous block electrode by chemical vapor deposition to improve the mechanical strength and electrical conductivity of the block electrode.
Also provided herein is a bulk electrode with metallic lithium/sodium as a negative electrode active material: the porous metal copper block is used as a negative electrode current collector and a carrier of an active material, and the porous metal copper block loaded with metal lithium/sodium is directly used as a negative electrode of the lithium/sodium ion battery.
Isolation layer: the sheet porous ceramic is used as the isolating layer, and the thickness of the isolating layer is in the range of 0.1-100 mm. The thickness of the isolating layer is far greater than that of a diaphragm in a traditional lithium/sodium ion battery, and lithium dendrites can be effectively prevented from penetrating through the isolating layer to cause internal short circuit of the battery.
The cavity structure of the lithium/sodium ion battery and the distribution of the positive and negative electrodes in the cavity can take various forms, and the following exemplary embodiments are listed below.
Form (1): the lithium/sodium ion battery is provided with a columnar cavity, wherein the cavity is internally provided with a positive electrode, a negative electrode and an isolating layer between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and the positive electrode, the negative electrode and the isolating layer are arranged along the axial direction of the columnar cavity. The electrolyte conduit is communicated with two ends of the cavity, and forms a closed loop of electrolyte together with the cavity. The closed loop is provided with an electrolyte driving pump, and the electrolyte driving pump drives the electrolyte to circularly flow in the battery in the charging and discharging process of the battery.
Form (2): the lithium/sodium ion battery is provided with two columnar cavities, each cavity is internally provided with an anode, a cathode and an isolating layer between the anode and the cathode, and the anode, the cathode and the isolating layer are arranged along the axial direction of the columnar cavity. The two cavities are placed in parallel, two ends of the cavities are communicated by an electrolyte conduit, and the electrolyte conduit and the two cavities form a closed loop of electrolyte together. The closed loop is provided with an electrolyte driving pump, and the electrolyte driving pump drives the electrolyte to circularly flow in the battery in the charging and discharging process of the battery.
Form (3): the difference from form (2) is that there is no separator, the positive electrode is in one of the cavities and the negative electrode is in the other separate cavity.
Form (4): the lithium/sodium ion battery is provided with a columnar inner cavity and an outer cavity, the inner cavity is nested in the outer cavity, the inner cavity and the outer cavity are respectively provided with an anode, a cathode and an isolating layer between the anode and the cathode, and the anode, the cathode and the isolating layer are arranged along the axial direction of the columnar cavity. The inner cavity and the outer cavity are communicated at two ends to form a closed loop of electrolyte, an electrolyte driving pump is arranged in the closed loop, and the electrolyte driving pump drives the electrolyte to circularly flow in the battery in the charging and discharging processes of the battery.
Form (5): the difference from form (4) is that there is no separator layer, the positive electrode block is in one of the cavities and the negative electrode block is in the other separate cavity.
Claims (10)
1. The lithium/sodium ion battery comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode, electrolyte and the like, and is characterized in that the positive electrode is of a block structure containing positive electrode active materials of the lithium/sodium ion battery, the negative electrode is of a block structure containing negative electrode active materials of the lithium/sodium ion battery, electrolyte flowing channels are formed in the positive electrode block and the negative electrode block, an electrolyte closed loop passing through the positive electrode and the negative electrode is formed in the lithium/sodium ion battery, and an electrolyte driving device is arranged in the loop.
2. The lithium/sodium ion battery of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte flow channels in the positive and negative electrode blocks are pore structures or/and capillary structures in the electrodes.
3. The lithium/sodium ion battery of claim 1, wherein the positive and negative electrodes are composited with a conductive material comprising: metal wires, metal fibers, metal mesh cloth, porous metal, graphite sheets, graphene, carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes.
4. The lithium/sodium ion battery of claim 1, wherein the metal lithium/sodium is a negative electrode active material, the porous metal is a carrier of a current collector and the active material, and the negative electrode of the lithium/sodium ion battery is a porous metal block loaded with the metal lithium/sodium.
5. The lithium/sodium ion battery of claim 1, wherein the positive/negative electrode of the lithium/sodium ion battery is a porous block molded from a positive/negative electrode active material powder, a binder, and a conductive material together.
6. The lithium/sodium ion battery of claim 1, wherein the lithium/sodium ion battery has a cavity, and wherein the two ends of the cavity are connected by an electrolyte conduit to form a closed circuit of electrolyte, and wherein the electrolyte conduit passes through the interior of the cavity or bypasses the exterior of the cavity.
7. The lithium/sodium ion battery of claim 1, wherein the lithium/sodium ion battery has two or more cavities, each cavity being in end-to-end communication to form a closed loop of electrolyte.
8. The lithium/sodium ion battery of claim 1, wherein the battery has an inner cavity and an outer cavity, the inner cavity being nested within the outer cavity, the inner cavity being in communication with the outer cavity at both ends forming a closed circuit of electrolyte.
9. A lithium/sodium ion battery according to claim 6, 7 and 8, wherein the positive electrode blocks and the negative electrode blocks in each cavity are alternately arranged, and a separation film or a separation layer is arranged between the positive electrode blocks and the negative electrode blocks, the thickness of the separation layer is in the range of 0.1-100 mm, and the separation layer is a porous sheet block made of an insulating material or a net cloth layer made of an insulating fiber material.
10. The lithium/sodium ion battery of claim 7, 8, wherein the positive and negative electrode blocks are in separate cavities, respectively.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310984822.7A CN117199536A (en) | 2023-08-07 | 2023-08-07 | Lithium/sodium ion battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310984822.7A CN117199536A (en) | 2023-08-07 | 2023-08-07 | Lithium/sodium ion battery |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117199536A true CN117199536A (en) | 2023-12-08 |
Family
ID=89004240
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310984822.7A Pending CN117199536A (en) | 2023-08-07 | 2023-08-07 | Lithium/sodium ion battery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117199536A (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-08-07 CN CN202310984822.7A patent/CN117199536A/en active Pending
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