CN117198803A - Miniaturized three-station permanent magnet vacuum switch and application method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a miniaturized three-station permanent magnet vacuum switch and a use method thereof, wherein the miniaturized three-station permanent magnet vacuum switch comprises a frame, a grounding switch, an isolating switch, a vacuum switch, an electricity taking device and a controller are arranged on the frame, the vacuum switch drives switching-on and switching-off through a permanent magnet mechanism, the isolating switch drives the switching-on and switching-off through a first rotating shaft, a first mechanical interlocking mechanism is arranged between the permanent magnet mechanism and the first rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft is limited to rotate through the first mechanical interlocking mechanism in a switching-on state of the vacuum switch, the grounding switch drives the switching-on and switching-off through a second rotating shaft, a second mechanical interlocking mechanism is arranged between the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft, and the second mechanical interlocking mechanism limits the rotation of the second rotating shaft in a switching-on state of the isolating switch. The invention can effectively prevent electrical misoperation by arranging the mechanical interlocking mechanism, and the mechanical interlocking mechanism occupies small space without reserving excessive space, thereby being beneficial to the miniaturization of equipment.

Description

Miniaturized three-station permanent magnet vacuum switch and application method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of 10kV high-voltage switches, in particular to a miniaturized three-station permanent magnet vacuum switch and a use method thereof.

Background

When an maintainer operates the three-position switch, electrical misoperation is easy to occur, such as opening and closing operation of the isolating switch in a vacuum switch closing state, or closing operation of the grounding switch in the isolating switch closing state. The existing three-station switch interlocking mechanism mainly relates to protection and interlocking of the isolating switch and the grounding switch, has fewer interlocking mechanisms for the vacuum switch and the isolating switch, has a complex structure and large occupied space, causes the overall structure of the three-station switch to be higher, and is not beneficial to miniaturization of the switch.

In addition, when a three-station vacuum circuit breaker such as JSPW-129D used in a traditional high-voltage switch cabinet is used for switching on a vacuum switch, energy storage operation is required to be carried out on a spring mechanism, the energy storage mechanism is complex in structure, mechanical or electrical faults such as insufficient energy storage and the like are easy to occur due to abrasion when the mechanism is used for a long time, and the phenomenon that switching on or tripping cannot be carried out is caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a miniaturized three-station permanent magnet vacuum switch and a use method thereof, wherein the mechanical interlocking mechanism is arranged, so that electrical misoperation can be effectively prevented, and the mechanical interlocking mechanism occupies small space, does not need to reserve excessive space, and is beneficial to equipment miniaturization.

The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the utility model provides a permanent magnet vacuum switch with interlocking device, which comprises a frame, be provided with earthing switch in the frame, isolator and vacuum switch, vacuum switch passes through permanent magnet mechanism drive divide-shut brake, isolator passes through first pivot drive divide-shut brake, be provided with first mechanical interlocking device between permanent magnet mechanism and the first pivot, under the vacuum switch combined floodgate state, through the rotation of first pivot of first mechanical interlocking device restriction, earthing switch passes through second pivot drive divide-shut brake, be provided with second mechanical interlocking device between first pivot and the second pivot, under the isolator combined floodgate state, the rotation of second pivot is restricted to second mechanical interlocking device.

Further, first mechanical interlocking mechanism includes interlocking push pedal, pendulum block and interlocking push rod, the interlocking push pedal sets up in the frame of first pivot downside, the drive shaft of permanent magnetism mechanism drives the interlocking push pedal through first drive mechanism and makes straight reciprocating motion along the frame, the vertical rotation of pendulum block sets up in the frame, the weight of pendulum block upper end is less than the lower extreme, the lower extreme of pendulum block links to each other with the interlocking push rod, be provided with the spacing subassembly of restriction interlocking push rod swing angle in the frame, still be provided with the operating hole that is used for rotating first pivot in the frame, be provided with the slot of locking on the operating hole lateral wall, under the vacuum switch combined floodgate state, the interlocking push pedal promotes the interlocking push rod and makes the upper end of pendulum block place in the operating hole through the slot of locking.

Further, the second interlocking mechanism comprises a reducing push block and an interlocking rod, one end of the interlocking rod is arranged at the first rotating shaft in a sliding mode, the other end of the interlocking rod is arranged at the second rotating shaft in a sliding mode, a reducing plate with a limiting groove is fixed on the second rotating shaft, the limiting groove is matched with the interlocking rod, a reset spring is arranged on the interlocking rod, the reducing push block is fixed on the first rotating shaft, the reducing push block rotates along with the first rotating shaft, and the interlocking rod is pushed to move. Through the arrangement of the structure, the second mechanical interlocking mechanism limits the rotation of the second rotating shaft in the closing state of the isolating switch, and the second mechanical interlocking mechanism limits the rotation of the first rotating shaft in the closing state of the grounding switch.

Further, the first transmission mechanism comprises a rotating rod, the rotating rod is vertically arranged on the frame in a rotating mode, a first connecting rod is fixed at the upper end of the rotating rod and is in sliding hinge connection with a second connecting rod, the second connecting rod is fixedly connected with a driving shaft of the permanent magnet mechanism, a third connecting rod is fixed at the lower end of the rotating rod and is in sliding hinge connection with the interlocking push plate, a sliding rod is arranged on the interlocking push plate, a linear sliding groove is formed in the frame, and the sliding rod moves along the linear sliding groove.

Further, the limiting component comprises a limiting rod, one end of the limiting rod is hinged with the interlocking push rod, and the other end of the limiting rod is slidably hinged with the strip-shaped hole in the frame.

Further, the vacuum switch comprises a plurality of vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers, the isolating switch comprises an isolating knife assembly arranged on the first rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft is provided with a grounding switch moving contact, the grounding switch moving contact and the isolating knife assembly are in one-to-one correspondence with the vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers, the moving contact of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers is electrically connected with the isolating knife assembly, the isolating knife assembly is electrically connected with a static contact of the grounding switch, and the static contact of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers is connected with an outgoing line row.

Further, be provided with the electricity device of getting that keeps apart the knife tackle spare one-to-one on the frame, get and be provided with the inlet wire row on the electricity device, first pivot drives and keeps apart the knife tackle spare and rotate, makes keep apart the knife tackle spare and inlet wire row electric conduction, still be provided with in the frame with get electric controller, charge indicator and the electrified display device of being connected of electricity device, the controller links to each other with permanent magnetism mechanism.

Further, keep apart the knife tackle spare and include insulating bull stick and keep apart the cutter arbor, the one end of insulating bull stick links to each other with first pivot is articulated, and the other end is articulated with the isolation cutter arbor, and the one end of keeping apart the cutter arbor is the free end, and the other end is articulated with the connection frame, and the connection frame passes through insulating pull rod and links to each other with the frame, and the earthing switch static contact sets up on the connection frame.

Further, the moving contact of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is connected with the insulating column, the driving shaft of the permanent magnet mechanism is connected with the linkage mechanism, the linkage mechanism drives the moving contact of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber to reciprocate through the insulating column, and the permanent magnet mechanism is a bistable permanent magnet mechanism.

Further, be provided with the removal spout that corresponds with the insulated column in the frame, be provided with the removal slide bar that removes along the removal spout on the insulated column, the link gear includes linkage board and linkage seat, and linkage seat and insulated column one-to-one, the linkage seat articulates in the frame, and the one end and the linkage board of linkage seat are articulated, and the other end is articulated with the removal slide bar.

The application method of the miniaturized three-station permanent magnet vacuum switch comprises the following steps:

the permanent magnet mechanism drives the vacuum switch to be switched on, and the first mechanical interlocking mechanism limits the rotation of the first rotating shaft at the same time, if the permanent magnet mechanism drives the vacuum switch to be switched off, the first mechanical interlocking mechanism releases the limitation on the rotation of the first rotating shaft;

the first rotating shaft is rotated, the first rotating shaft drives the isolating switch to be closed, the second mechanical interlocking mechanism limits the rotation of the second rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft is rotated reversely, the first rotating shaft drives the isolating switch to be opened, and the second mechanical interlocking mechanism releases the limit on the rotation of the second rotating shaft;

and the second rotating shaft is rotated to drive the grounding switch to be closed, meanwhile, the second mechanical interlocking mechanism limits the rotation of the first rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft is rotated reversely, the second rotating shaft drives the grounding switch to be opened, and the second mechanical interlocking mechanism releases the limit on the rotation of the first rotating shaft.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention adopts the permanent magnet mechanism to realize the switching-on and switching-off of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, realizes the breaking of the load on the line, and is provided with the first mechanical interlocking mechanism between the permanent magnet mechanism and the isolating switch, wherein the isolating switch can not perform the switching-on and switching-off operation when the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is in a switching-on state, and the isolating switch can perform the switching-on and switching-off operation when the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is in a switching-off state.

The second mechanical interlocking mechanism is arranged between the isolating switch and the grounding switch, so that the interlocking function is realized, the isolating switch can be used for switching on and off when the grounding switch is switched off, and the grounding switch cannot be used for switching on when the isolating switch is in a switching on state.

According to the three-station permanent magnet vacuum switch, the isolating switch, the grounding switch, the isolating switch and the permanent magnet mechanism are provided with the mechanical interlocking mechanism, so that electrical misoperation can be effectively prevented, the equipment height is reduced, excessive space is not required to be reserved, and the equipment miniaturization is facilitated.

The disconnecting switch has obvious overhaul fracture when being disconnected, the load side can be reliably grounded through the grounding switch, the power taking device is adopted to replace the traditional electromagnetic voltage transformer to be used as a power supply, the voltage transformer burning accident caused by electromagnetic resonance and secondary short circuit of the system can be prevented, and meanwhile, the power taking device is small in size and beneficial to the reduction of the equipment size.

The isolating switch is matched with the vacuum switch to realize the breaking and isolation of the on-load circuit, the vacuum switch adopts the vacuum arc extinguishing chamber and uses the bistable electromagnetic mechanism to break the on-load circuit, and the on-load circuit has the advantages of high breaking and closing speed, short arcing time, long service life and the like.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a permanent magnet vacuum switch of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of a permanent magnet vacuum switch;

FIG. 3 is a rear view of the permanent magnet vacuum switch;

FIG. 4 is a right side view of the permanent magnet vacuum switch;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of A-A of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a top view of a permanent magnet vacuum switch;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion of C in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of part of D in FIG. 6;

FIG. 9 is a bottom view of the permanent magnet vacuum switch;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of B-B of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a left side view of the permanent magnet vacuum switch;

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of E-E of FIG. 11;

fig. 13 is a partial enlarged view of a in fig. 11.

The device comprises a frame 1, a permanent magnet mechanism 2, a first rotating shaft 3, an interlocking push plate 4, a swinging block 5, an interlocking push rod 6, a sliding rod 7, a linear sliding chute 8, a rotating rod 9, a first connecting rod 10, a second connecting rod 11, a third connecting rod 12, a pin shaft 13, a long hole 14, a limiting rod 15, a bar-shaped hole 16, an operating hole 17, a locking groove 18, a second rotating shaft 19, a reducing push block 20, an interlocking rod 21, a sliding rail 22, a return spring 23, a limiting groove 24, a vacuum arc extinguishing chamber 25, a wire outlet row 26, an insulating rotating rod 27, an isolating cutter bar 28, a connecting frame 29, an insulating pull rod 30, a grounding switch static contact 31, a grounding switch movable contact 32, an electricity taking device 33, a wire inlet row 34, an insulating column 35, a movable sliding rod 36, a movable sliding chute 37, a linkage plate 38, a linkage seat 39, a limiting frame 40, a supporting spring 41, a reducing plate 42, a controller 43, a charging indicator lamp 44 and a charging display device 45.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, 4, 5 and 9, a miniaturized three-station permanent magnet vacuum switch comprises a frame 1, wherein a grounding switch, an isolating switch and a vacuum switch are installed on the frame 1, the vacuum switch drives switching-on and switching-off through a permanent magnet mechanism 2, a first rotating shaft 3 is installed on the frame 1 on one side of the permanent magnet mechanism 2, the isolating switch is driven to switch on and off through rotating the first rotating shaft 3, a first mechanical interlocking mechanism is arranged between a driving shaft of the permanent magnet mechanism 2 and the first rotating shaft 3, the first mechanical interlocking mechanism comprises an interlocking push plate 4, a swinging block 5 and an interlocking push rod 6, the interlocking push plate 4 is arranged on the frame 1 on the lower side of the first rotating shaft 3 in a sliding mode, a sliding rod 7 is connected to the lower end of the interlocking push plate 4, a linear sliding groove 8 is arranged on the frame 1, the sliding rod 7 moves along the linear sliding groove 8 to limit the moving route and the moving distance of the interlocking push plate 4, and the driving shaft of the permanent magnet mechanism 2 drives the interlocking push plate 4 to do linear reciprocating motion along the linear sliding groove 8 through a first driving mechanism.

As shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, the first transmission mechanism comprises a rotating rod 9, the rotating rod 9 is vertically rotatably installed on the frame 1, a first connecting rod 10 is fixed at the upper end of the rotating rod 9, the first connecting rod 10 is in sliding hinge connection with a second connecting rod 11, the second connecting rod 11 is fixedly connected with a driving shaft of the permanent magnet mechanism 2, a third connecting rod 12 is fixed at the lower end of the rotating rod 9, the third connecting rod 12 is in sliding hinge connection with the interlocking push plate 4, and the specific structure of the sliding hinge is as follows: the first connecting rod 10 is connected with a pin shaft 13, the second connecting rod 11 is provided with a long hole 14, and the pin shaft 13 passes through the long hole 14 and moves along the long hole 14. The driving shaft of the permanent magnet mechanism 2 linearly reciprocates, so that the second connecting rod 11 is driven to linearly reciprocate, the second connecting rod 11 drives the rotating rod 9 to rotate through the first connecting rod 10, and the rotating rod 9 drives the interlocking push plate 4 to move along the linear sliding groove 8 through the third connecting rod 12.

As shown in fig. 2, 5 and 7, the swinging block 5 is vertically and rotatably connected to the frame 1 through a shaft rod, the weight of the upper end of the swinging block 5 is smaller than that of the lower end, the lower end of the swinging block 5 is connected with the interlocking push rod 6, a limiting component for limiting the swinging angle of the interlocking push rod 6 is arranged on the frame 1, the limiting component comprises a limiting rod 15, one end of the limiting rod 15 is hinged with the interlocking push rod 6, and the other end of the limiting rod 15 is slidably hinged with a strip-shaped hole 16 in the frame 1. When the swing block 5 drives the interlocking push rod 6 to swing, the limit rod 15 is driven to move along the bar-shaped hole 16, and the bar-shaped hole 16 limits the moving route and distance of the limit rod 15, so that the swinging angle of the swing block 5 is limited. As shown in fig. 2 and 8, the frame 1 is further provided with an operation hole 17 for rotating the first rotating shaft 3, a locking slot 18 is formed on a side wall of the operation hole 17, and in a vacuum switch closing state, the interlocking push plate 4 pushes the interlocking push rod 6 to move, so that the upper end of the swinging block 5 is placed in the operation hole 17 through the locking slot 18.

In the vacuum switch closing state, the rotation of the first rotating shaft 3 is limited by the first mechanical interlocking mechanism, and the specific method is as follows: when the vacuum switch is switched on, the first transmission mechanism pushes the interlocking push plate 4 to move towards the swinging block 5, the interlocking push plate 4 pushes the interlocking push rod 6 to rotate upwards, so that the upper end of the swing is driven to rotate downwards, and the upper end of the swing is placed in the operation hole 17 through the locking groove 18, so that an operator cannot insert a tool such as a socket wrench into the operation hole 17 to rotate the first rotating shaft 3, and the opening and closing operation of the isolating switch cannot be performed. When the vacuum switch is opened, the interlocking push plate 4 is driven to reversely move, the interlocking push rod 6 is far away, the lower end of the swinging block 5 moves downwards to reset due to dead weight, so that the upper end of the swinging block 5 is driven to withdraw from the operation hole 17 along the locking groove 18, and an operator can insert a tool into the operation hole 17 to rotate the first rotating shaft 3.

As shown in fig. 1, 3, 9 and 10, a second rotating shaft 19 is installed on the frame 1, the second rotating shaft 19 is located on the frame 1 on the other side of the permanent magnet mechanism 2, the second rotating shaft 19 is rotated to drive the grounding switch to perform opening and closing operations, a second mechanical interlocking mechanism is arranged between the first rotating shaft 3 and the second rotating shaft 19, the second mechanical interlocking mechanism is located at one end, far away from the first mechanical interlocking mechanism, of the first rotating shaft 3, the second interlocking mechanism comprises a reducing push block 20 and an interlocking rod 21, one end of the interlocking rod 21 is slidably arranged at the first rotating shaft 3, the other end of the interlocking rod 21 is slidably arranged at the second rotating shaft 19, the ends of the first rotating shaft 3 and the second rotating shaft 19 are rotatably connected with a slide 22, the end of the interlocking rod 21 is slidably arranged in the slide 22, a reset spring 23 is sleeved on the interlocking rod 21, a reducing plate 42 with a limiting groove 24 is fixed on the second rotating shaft 19, the limiting groove 24 is matched with the interlocking rod 21, the reducing push block 20 is fixed on the first rotating shaft 3, the reducing push block 20 rotates along with the first rotating shaft 3, and the interlocking rod 21 is pushed to move.

In the closing state of the isolating switch, the second mechanical interlocking mechanism limits the rotation of the second rotating shaft 19, and the specific method is as follows: when the isolating switch is switched on, the first rotating shaft 3 drives the reducing push block 20 to rotate, one side with larger diameter of the reducing push block 20 pushes the interlocking rod 21 to slide towards the second rotating shaft 19 and is placed in the limiting groove 24, the reset spring 23 compresses, and the interlocking rod 21 is matched with the limiting groove 24 to limit the rotation of the second rotating shaft 19, so that the switching-on operation of the grounding switch cannot be performed. When the isolating switch is opened, the first rotating shaft 3 drives the side with smaller diameter of the reducing push block 20 to rotate to the position of the interlocking rod 21, the return spring 23 enables the interlocking rod 21 to return and withdraw from the limiting groove 24, and the second rotating shaft 19 can rotate, so that the closing operation of the grounding switch is performed. In addition, when the grounding switch is switched on, the second rotating shaft 19 rotates to drive the reducing plate 42 to rotate, the limiting groove 24 is away from the interlocking rod 21, one side with larger diameter of the reducing plate 42 is propped against the interlocking rod 21, and the interlocking rod 21 is propped against one side with smaller diameter of the reducing push block 20 to limit the rotation of the first rotating shaft 3, so that the isolating switch can only perform switching-on and switching-off operation when the grounding switch is switched off.

Example 2

This embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 1 except that: as shown in fig. 1-3, the vacuum switch comprises a plurality of vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers 25, such as 3, the first rotating shaft 3 is provided with isolation knife assemblies, the isolation knife assemblies are in one-to-one correspondence with the vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers 25, each isolation knife assembly comprises an insulation rotating rod 27 and an isolation knife rod 28, one end of each insulation rotating rod 27 is hinged with the corresponding first rotating shaft 3, the other end of each insulation rotating rod 27 is hinged with the corresponding isolation knife rod 28, one end of each isolation knife rod 28 is a free end, the other end of each isolation knife rod 28 is hinged with a connecting frame 29, the connecting frame 29 is fixedly connected with the frame 1 through an insulation pull rod 30, and a grounding switch fixed contact 31 is fixed on the connecting frame 29.

The second rotating shaft 19 is fixedly provided with a grounding switch moving contact 32, the grounding switch moving contact 32 corresponds to the vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers 25 one by one, the moving contact of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers 25 is electrically connected with the isolating cutter bar 28, the isolating cutter bar 28 is electrically connected with the grounding switch fixed contact 31, such as a wire, and the fixed contact of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers 25 is connected with the outlet line 26.

As shown in fig. 1, an electricity taking device 33 (the specific structure is the same as patent document CN 218162231U) corresponding to the isolating knife assemblies one by one is fixed on the frame 1, an incoming line row 34 is fixed at the lower end of the electricity taking device 33, and an electrified sensor and the electricity taking device are arranged at the incoming line side, so that the operation of the equipment is safe and convenient. The first rotating shaft 3 rotates, the insulation rotating rod 27 drives the free end of the isolation cutter bar 28 to move up and down, and if the free end of the isolation cutter bar 28 moves up, the isolation cutter bar 28 is electrically conducted with the wire inlet row 34. The frame 1 is also fixed with a controller 43 electrically connected with the electricity taking device 33, a charging indicator lamp 44 and a charging display device 45, the controller 43 is connected with the permanent magnet mechanism 2, the controller 43 is used for intelligently controlling the switching on and off of the vacuum switch, the electricity taking device 33 supplies power for the controller 43, and provides electric signals for the charging indicator lamp 44 and the charging display device 45. Through the cooperation of above-mentioned structure, satisfy the requirement of a secondary integration switchgear.

As shown in fig. 11-13, the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber 25 is located below the frame 1, the moving contact of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber 25 is connected with the lower end of the insulating column 35, the upper end of the insulating column 35 is slidably connected with the moving slide bar 36, the frame 1 is provided with a moving slide groove 37 corresponding to the moving slide bar 36, the driving shaft of the permanent magnet mechanism 2 is connected with the linkage mechanism, the linkage mechanism comprises a linkage plate 38 and a linkage seat 39, the linkage seat 39 is in one-to-one correspondence with the insulating column 35, the linkage seat 39 is in an L-shaped structure, the corner of the linkage seat 39 is hinged with the frame 1, the upper end of the linkage seat 39 is hinged with the linkage plate 38, and the lower end is hinged with the moving slide bar 36. A limit frame 40 is fixed on the machine base at the upper end of the movable slide bar 36, and a support spring 41 which is propped against the top of the insulating column 35 is arranged in the limit frame 40. The driving shaft of the permanent magnet mechanism 2 drives the linkage plate 38 to reciprocate, and the linkage plate 38 drives the insulating column 35 to reciprocate up and down through the linkage seat 39, so that the moving contact of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber 25 is driven to reciprocate up and down, and the switching-on and switching-off operation of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber 25 is completed.

The permanent magnet mechanism 2 is a bistable permanent magnet mechanism, the bistable permanent magnet mechanism 2 is adopted, the action speed is high, the operation is stable and reliable, energy storage is not needed when the vacuum switch is actuated, compared with a spring operation machine, the mechanism operation energy is small, the transmission structure is simple, movable parts are greatly reduced, the bistable permanent magnet mechanism 2 is adopted, no degaussing hidden danger exists, and the reliability and the mechanical life are greatly improved.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a miniaturized three station permanent magnetism vacuum switch, includes frame, its characterized in that: the machine frame is provided with a grounding switch, an isolating switch and a vacuum switch, the vacuum switch drives the opening and closing through a permanent magnet mechanism, the isolating switch drives the opening and closing through a first rotating shaft, a first mechanical interlocking mechanism is arranged between the permanent magnet mechanism and the first rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft is limited to rotate through the first mechanical interlocking mechanism in a vacuum switch closing state, the grounding switch drives the opening and closing through a second rotating shaft, a second mechanical interlocking mechanism is arranged between the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft, and the second mechanical interlocking mechanism limits the second rotating shaft to rotate in the isolating switch closing state.

2. A miniaturized three-position permanent magnet vacuum switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first mechanical interlocking mechanism comprises an interlocking push plate, a swinging block and an interlocking push rod, wherein the interlocking push plate is arranged on a frame at the lower side of a first rotating shaft, a driving shaft of the permanent magnet mechanism drives the interlocking push plate to do linear reciprocating motion along the frame through a first transmission mechanism, the swinging block vertically rotates to be arranged on the frame, the weight of the upper end of the swinging block is smaller than that of the lower end, the lower end of the swinging block is connected with the interlocking push rod, a limiting assembly for limiting the swinging angle of the interlocking push rod is arranged on the frame, an operation hole for rotating the first rotating shaft is further formed in the frame, a locking groove is formed in the side wall of the operation hole, and the interlocking push plate pushes the interlocking push rod to enable the upper end of the swinging block to be arranged in the operation hole through the locking groove in a vacuum switch-on state.

3. A miniaturized three-position permanent magnet vacuum switch according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the second interlocking mechanism comprises a reducing push block and an interlocking rod, one end of the interlocking rod is arranged at the first rotating shaft in a sliding mode, the other end of the interlocking rod is arranged at the second rotating shaft in a sliding mode, a reducing plate with a limiting groove is fixed on the second rotating shaft, the limiting groove is matched with the interlocking rod, a reset spring is arranged on the interlocking rod, the reducing push block is fixed on the first rotating shaft, the reducing push block rotates along with the first rotating shaft, and the interlocking rod is pushed to move.

4. A miniaturized three-position permanent magnet vacuum switch according to claim 2, characterized in that: the first transmission mechanism comprises a rotating rod, the rotating rod is vertically arranged on the frame in a rotating mode, a first connecting rod is fixed at the upper end of the rotating rod, the first connecting rod is in sliding hinge connection with a second connecting rod, the second connecting rod is fixedly connected with a driving shaft of the permanent magnet mechanism, a third connecting rod is fixed at the lower end of the rotating rod, the connecting rod is in sliding hinge connection with the interlocking push plate, a sliding rod is arranged on the interlocking push plate, a linear sliding groove is arranged on the frame, and the sliding rod moves along the linear sliding groove.

5. A miniaturized three-position permanent magnet vacuum switch according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that: the limiting component comprises a limiting rod, one end of the limiting rod is hinged with the interlocking push rod, and the other end of the limiting rod is slidably hinged with the strip-shaped hole in the frame.

6. A miniaturized three-position permanent magnet vacuum switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vacuum switch comprises a plurality of vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers, the isolating switch comprises an isolating knife assembly arranged on a first rotating shaft, a grounding switch moving contact is arranged on a second rotating shaft, the grounding switch moving contact and the isolating knife assembly are in one-to-one correspondence with the vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers, the moving contact of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers is electrically connected with the isolating knife assembly, the isolating knife assembly is electrically connected with a fixed contact of the grounding switch, and the fixed contact of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers is connected with an outgoing line row.

7. A miniaturized three-position permanent magnet vacuum switch according to claim 6, wherein: the electric power taking device is provided with isolation knife assemblies in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the electric power taking device is provided with a wire inlet row, the first rotating shaft drives the isolation knife assemblies to rotate, the isolation knife assemblies are electrically connected with the wire inlet row, and the electric power taking device is further provided with a controller, a charging indicator light and an electrified display device which are electrically connected with the electric power taking device, wherein the controller is connected with the permanent magnet mechanism.

8. A miniaturized three-position permanent magnet vacuum switch according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: the isolation knife assembly comprises an insulation rotating rod and an isolation knife rod, one end of the insulation rotating rod is hinged to the first rotating shaft, the other end of the insulation rotating rod is hinged to the isolation knife rod, one end of the isolation knife rod is a free end, the other end of the isolation knife rod is hinged to the connecting frame, the connecting frame is connected with the frame through the insulation pull rod, and the grounding switch fixed contact is arranged on the connecting frame.

9. A miniaturized three-position permanent magnet vacuum switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: the moving contact of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is connected with the insulating column, the driving shaft of the permanent magnet mechanism is connected with the linkage mechanism, and the linkage mechanism drives the moving contact of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber to reciprocate through the insulating column, and the permanent magnet mechanism is a bistable permanent magnet mechanism.

10. The use method of the miniaturized three-station permanent magnet vacuum switch according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the use method is as follows:

the permanent magnet mechanism drives the vacuum switch to be switched on, and the first mechanical interlocking mechanism limits the rotation of the first rotating shaft at the same time, if the permanent magnet mechanism drives the vacuum switch to be switched off, the first mechanical interlocking mechanism releases the limitation on the rotation of the first rotating shaft;

the first rotating shaft is rotated, the first rotating shaft drives the isolating switch to be closed, the second mechanical interlocking mechanism limits the rotation of the second rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft is rotated reversely, the first rotating shaft drives the isolating switch to be opened, and the second mechanical interlocking mechanism releases the limit on the rotation of the second rotating shaft;

and the second rotating shaft is rotated to drive the grounding switch to be closed, meanwhile, the second mechanical interlocking mechanism limits the rotation of the first rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft is rotated reversely, the second rotating shaft drives the grounding switch to be opened, and the second mechanical interlocking mechanism releases the limit on the rotation of the first rotating shaft.