CN117197371A - Digital vegetation modeling and displaying method based on LIM technology - Google Patents
Digital vegetation modeling and displaying method based on LIM technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN117197371A CN117197371A CN202310994249.8A CN202310994249A CN117197371A CN 117197371 A CN117197371 A CN 117197371A CN 202310994249 A CN202310994249 A CN 202310994249A CN 117197371 A CN117197371 A CN 117197371A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a LIM-based digital vegetation modeling and displaying method, which comprises the following steps: three-dimensional scanning is carried out on the real vegetation to obtain a corresponding scanning model; importing the obtained scanning model into modeling software for modeling to form a digital vegetation model; creating materials for the formed digital vegetation model to add texture attributes to the digital vegetation model; deriving a digital vegetation model; importing the exported digital vegetation model into three-dimensional rendering software; establishing a scene by utilizing three-dimensional rendering software, and placing the imported digital vegetation model into the established scene; optimally adjusting textures of the digital vegetation model by utilizing three-dimensional rendering software to realize a required appearance effect; and rendering and displaying the digital vegetation model by utilizing three-dimensional rendering software. The invention improves the manufacturing efficiency, saves the modeling time, and improves the vivid effect and quality of vegetation modeling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of three-dimensional modeling, in particular to a digital vegetation modeling and displaying method based on LIM technology.
Background
In the design, planning and operation of travel projects, the use of a Landscape Information Model (LIM) for fine modeling of vegetation is a critical task. This task involves creating high quality vegetation models according to the actual environment or design requirements, and optimizing and visualizing these models in a virtual environment. Traditionally, these tasks have relied on 3D modeling software, such as Blender,3D max, maya, etc., and vegetation specific modeling software, such as plant factor, etc. Meanwhile, GIS software is used to process geographic data.
In the current vegetation modeling field, whether it be traditional 3D modeling tools (such as Autodesk's 3ds Max, maya, etc.) or specialized plant modeling software (such as plant factor and growth fx), there are limitations in the context of large-scale and fine vegetation modeling.
The first problem is that these tools are inefficient in handling large scale vegetation modeling. Especially in situations where a rich natural environment needs to be built, such as forests, parks, etc., the time and effort required for the conventional 3D modeling method will increase significantly. Moreover, as the complexity of each vegetation model increases, the difficulty and time-consuming nature of manual modeling is also increasing.
Secondly, although the special vegetation modeling software can create a complex vegetation model, the operation difficulty is high, and a large number of parameters are required to be mastered and accurately adjusted by a user. Particularly, in modeling of a large-scale vegetation model, since each tree needs to be independently created and edited, efficient batch operation cannot be realized, which greatly reduces the working efficiency.
Moreover, these tools are mainly oriented in the field of games and visual effects, and the authenticity and fineness of the created models may not meet the requirements of more specialized, more rigorous scientific research, education, or travel projects. These areas may require more accurate simulation of a particular vegetation growth condition or a higher quality visual effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a digital vegetation modeling and displaying method based on LIM technology, and solves the problems of low efficiency, high difficulty, incapability of meeting requirements on authenticity and fineness and the like of the existing vegetation modeling.
The technical scheme for achieving the purpose is as follows:
the invention provides a LIM-based digital vegetation modeling and displaying method, which comprises the following steps:
three-dimensional scanning is carried out on the real vegetation to obtain a corresponding scanning model;
importing the obtained scanning model into modeling software for modeling to form a digital vegetation model;
creating materials for the formed digital vegetation model to add texture attributes to the digital vegetation model;
deriving a digital vegetation model;
importing the exported digital vegetation model into three-dimensional rendering software;
establishing a scene by utilizing three-dimensional rendering software, and placing the imported digital vegetation model into the established scene;
optimally adjusting textures of the digital vegetation model by utilizing three-dimensional rendering software to realize a required appearance effect; and
and rendering and displaying the digital vegetation model by utilizing three-dimensional rendering software.
The digital vegetation modeling and displaying method simplifies vegetation modeling flow, improves manufacturing efficiency, saves modeling time, and can quickly start even for designers without depth 3D modeling experience. According to the invention, modeling software is utilized to create materials for digital vegetation modeling, and texture attributes are added, so that the digital vegetation model can be used for more finely adjusting vegetation textures in subsequent three-dimensional rendering software, the realistic effect of vegetation modeling is improved, and the quality of the vegetation model is improved.
The invention relates to a LIM-based digital vegetation modeling and displaying method, which is further improved in that when a digital vegetation model is established, the digital vegetation model formed based on the scanning model is edited, and the method comprises the following steps:
adjusting the form and branch structure of the digital vegetation model;
and adjusting the blade shape and the material of the digital vegetation model.
The invention relates to a LIM-based digital vegetation modeling and displaying method, which is further improved in that the formed digital vegetation model is created by materials, and comprises the following steps:
performing texture mapping setting, shader setting and illumination effect setting on the digital vegetation model;
adding a texture map to the digital vegetation model;
and performing diffuse reflection attribute, specular reflection attribute and transparent attribute setting on the digital vegetation model.
The LIM-based digital vegetation modeling and displaying method is further improved in that before the digital vegetation model is derived, the method further comprises the following steps:
geometric simplification is carried out on the digital vegetation model so as to reduce the number of branches and blades in the digital vegetation model.
The LIM-based digital vegetation modeling and displaying method is further improved in that before the digital vegetation model is derived, the method further comprises the following steps:
and carrying out collision body optimization on the digital vegetation model, and adjusting the shape and the grade of the collision body of the digital vegetation model.
The LIM-based digital vegetation modeling and displaying method is further improved in that when the digital vegetation model is placed in an established scene, the size, the pose and the layout of the digital vegetation model in the scene are adjusted.
The invention relates to a LIM-based digital vegetation modeling and displaying method, which is further improved in that texture of a digital vegetation model is optimized and adjusted by utilizing three-dimensional rendering software, and comprises the following steps:
entering a material editor of the three-dimensional rendering software;
in the texture editor, texture mapping, color, transparency, and reflectance properties are adjusted for the digital vegetation model.
The LIM-based digital vegetation modeling and displaying method is further improved in that when the digital vegetation model is rendered and displayed by utilizing three-dimensional rendering software, illumination, shadow and ambient light parameters are adjusted.
A further improvement of the LIM-based digital vegetation modeling and demonstration method of the present invention is that the modeling software is SpeedTree Games Modeler software.
A further improvement of the LIM-based digital vegetation modeling and demonstration method of the present invention is that the three-dimensional rendering software is UE5.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of LIM-based digital vegetation modeling and demonstration of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and the specific examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a method for modeling and displaying digital vegetation based on LIM (landscape architecture information model), which aims to solve the problem of how to effectively create, modify and display a fine three-dimensional vegetation model in real time in a unified environment in the field of travel projects. The existing design, planning and operation links all require the creation of accurate vegetation models from real plant data. However, conventional three-dimensional modeling tools have limited processing power for vegetation information data, and professional Geographic Information System (GIS) software lacks powerful three-dimensional modeling and visualization capabilities. The core of the invention is to integrate different software and data by using LIM technology, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of vegetation modeling and display. The method comprises the steps of generating a basic vegetation model by utilizing real plant data acquired by a three-dimensional laser scanning technology, modifying and optimizing the basic model by utilizing SpeedTree software, and rendering the optimized vegetation model in real time by utilizing Unreal Engine 5 (UE 5). In the process, the LIM technology plays an integrated role of data and flow, and ensures that all stages from data acquisition, model creation, optimization, presentation and the like are performed in a unified environment. The comprehensive vegetation modeling and displaying method not only can meet the demands of landscape designers, planning planners and operation management staff, but also can be effectively integrated into the LIM, so that information from the acquisition of vegetation data to the creation, optimization, display and other stages of the model can be communicated in a unified environment. Thereby improving the working efficiency and the quality and providing a brand new solution for the travel projects. The method for modeling and displaying LIM-based digital vegetation of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to FIG. 1, a flow chart of a method of LIM-based digital vegetation modeling and demonstration of the present invention is shown. The method of the present invention for LIM-based digital vegetation modeling and demonstration will now be described with reference to fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 1, the LIM-based digital vegetation modeling and display method of the present invention includes the steps of:
step S101 is executed to perform three-dimensional scanning on the real vegetation to obtain a corresponding scanning model; step S102 is then executed;
step S102 is executed, the obtained scanning model is imported into modeling software for modeling, so that a digital vegetation model is formed; step S103 is then performed;
executing step S103, creating materials for the formed digital vegetation model to add texture attributes to the digital vegetation model; step S104 is then executed;
step S104 is executed, and a digital vegetation model is exported; step S105 is then performed;
step S105 is executed, and the exported digital vegetation model is imported into three-dimensional rendering software; step S106 is then executed;
executing step S106, utilizing three-dimensional rendering software to build a scene, and placing the imported digital vegetation model into the built scene; step S107 is then performed;
executing step S107, and optimally adjusting the textures of the digital vegetation model by utilizing three-dimensional rendering software to realize the required appearance effect; step S108 is then executed;
and executing step S108, and rendering and displaying the digital vegetation model by utilizing three-dimensional rendering software.
Specifically, three-dimensional laser scanning technology is utilized to obtain three-dimensional data of real vegetation, and the three-dimensional data is a scanning model. The step of importing the scan model into modeling software includes: the modeling software is opened, an 'import' function in a menu is selected, and a correct file format is selected from storage positions of the scanning models, wherein the file format can be 'fbx', so that correct settings and options are selected, and the imported scanning models are consistent with the original scanning models.
Preferably, the modeling software is SpeedTree Games Modeler software.
In one embodiment of the present invention, when a digital vegetation model is established, the digital vegetation model formed based on the scan model is edited, comprising the steps of:
adjusting the form and branch structure of the digital vegetation model;
and adjusting the blade shape and the material of the digital vegetation model.
Specifically, using the toolbar and panel of SpeedTree Games Modeler, the vegetation is edited and adjusted, including: the form and branch structure of the digital vegetation model are adjusted, and the overall form and branch structure of the tree are adjusted by modifying parameters of trunks, branches and blades of the tree. Branches can be added, deleted and modified, and the number and arrangement mode of the blades can be changed so as to achieve the required appearance effect. By adjusting the angles and squares of the trunk and branches, the shape and style of the tree can be significantly changed. The shape and the material of the blade can be adjusted, parameters of the size, the curvature and the like of the blade can be specifically adjusted, and the color, the transparency, the reflection attribute and the like of the blade can be specifically adjusted, so that the individualized vegetation model is edited.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the creation of a material for a digital vegetation model formed includes the steps of:
performing texture mapping setting, shader setting and illumination effect setting on the digital vegetation model;
adding a texture map to the digital vegetation model;
and performing diffuse reflection attribute, specular reflection attribute and transparent attribute setting on the digital vegetation model.
Specifically, at SpeedTree Games Modeler, the texture of vegetation may be created and edited. The texture editor comprises adjustment settings in the aspects of texture mapping, shader setting, illumination effect and the like, and the customization of the appearance of the vegetation model is realized by adding texture mapping, adjusting texture coordinates and a repeated mode, setting the diffuse reflection, specular reflection, transparency and other attributes of the texture.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, before deriving the digital vegetation model, the method further comprises the following steps:
geometric simplification is carried out on the digital vegetation model so as to reduce the number of branches and blades in the digital vegetation model.
Further, before deriving the digital vegetation model, the method further comprises the following steps:
and carrying out collision body optimization on the digital vegetation model, and adjusting the shape and the grade of the collision body of the digital vegetation model.
After the editing of the model and the creation of the material are completed, the model can be optimized and adjusted selectively, wherein the geometric simplification is as follows: the complexity of the model can be reduced by reducing the number of branches and blades, simplifying the modes such as geometric details and the like, thereby improving the performance and rendering speed. "collision volume optimization": the performance of the vegetation model in terms of physical interaction and collision detection is improved by adjusting the shape and the level of the collision body of the model.
In deriving the digital vegetation model, the derivation format is selected as ST9 format, specifically, the "derivation" function in the selection menu, the derivation is selected as ST9 format. Ensuring that the correct output path and file name are selected, facilitating subsequent use. Derived options such as model hierarchy, texture information, texture maps, etc. may be selected to meet project requirements.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional rendering software is UE5. The UE5 opens the item and selects the import function, and selects the vegetation model file in ST9 format derived from SpeedTree Games Modeler from the storage location. The correct settings and options are selected in the import dialog box to ensure that the model is imported correctly into the UE5.
In one embodiment of the invention, the digital vegetation model in the scene is adjusted in size, pose and layout when the digital vegetation model is placed in the established scene.
Entering a scene editor of the UE5, and selecting a proper place and a scene environment; the vegetation model is dragged and dropped to a proper position in the scene and scaled, rotated and layout adjusted to achieve the desired appearance and distribution effect.
Tools and functions in the scene editor, such as grid alignment, copy-paste, auto-alignment, etc., may be used to improve placement efficiency and accuracy.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the texture of the digital vegetation model is optimally adjusted by using three-dimensional rendering software, comprising the steps of:
entering a material editor of the three-dimensional rendering software;
in the texture editor, texture mapping, color, transparency, and reflectance properties are adjusted for the digital vegetation model.
Setting the material and texture of the model in the UE5, selecting a vegetation model and entering a material editor of the UE5, creating or adjusting the material for the vegetation model in the material editor, and adding texture mapping, adjusting the color, transparency, reflection and other vertical materials to realize the required appearance effect.
By adjusting parameters and settings of materials, such as illumination model, diffuse reflection, specular reflection, normal mapping and the like, the sense of reality and visual effect of the vegetation model are enhanced.
In one embodiment of the invention, the illumination, shadow and ambient light parameters are adjusted when rendering and displaying the digital vegetation model by using three-dimensional rendering software.
At the summary of the rendering settings of the UE5, some adjustments are made to achieve the desired rendering effect.
Parameters such as illumination, shadow, ambient light and the like are adjusted to realize high-quality preparation rendering effect.
Using rendering functions provided by the UE5, such as global illumination, real-time shading, volumetric light, etc., to enhance the visual quality and fidelity of the vegetation model;
rendering performance is optimized, such as using LOD (Level of Detail) system, to adjust the level of detail of the model according to distance and field of view to increase rendering efficiency.
The digital vegetation modeling and displaying method based on LIM technology has the main technical key points that:
(1) Importing and editing a scanning model: we first import the scanned vegetation model and then edit it in SpeedTree Games Modeler. This approach enables us to use real world data as the basis for the model while also enabling fine editing and tuning with powerful tools of SpeedTree Games Modeler.
(2) Morphology and texture adjustment: we fine tune the morphology, structure and texture of the model using the parameters and tools in SpeedTree Games Modeler. This enables us to create a realistic vegetation model that meets specific requirements.
(3) Optimization of the model: we use optimization tools in SpeedTree Games Modeler, such as geometry simplification and collider optimization, to improve the performance and rendering efficiency of the model. This is an important improvement in the model processing and can help us achieve efficient rendering while maintaining high quality visual effects.
(4) Processing in UE 5: we use UE5 to further process and render the model. We import the ST9 format model in the UE5, do scene layout, create or adjust textures, and adjust rendering settings. This enables us to create high quality rendering effects with powerful rendering functions of the UE5.
(5) The whole flow is as follows: the whole vegetation model creation and rendering process described by the method is a complete and coherent process, can help a user to create a high-quality vegetation model meeting the requirements step by step from a scanned model, and achieves efficient rendering.
The beneficial effects of the invention include:
high quality model by using SpeedTree Games Modeler and UE5, the invention can produce a vivid high quality vegetation model with abundant model details.
The method simplifies vegetation modeling flow, improves manufacturing efficiency, saves modeling time, and can quickly start even for designers without depth 3D modeling experience.
Customization capability the present invention provides a highly customized vegetation model that can meet different project requirements for creating various styles and types of vegetation.
The invention can provide more realistic illumination and shadow effect by combining the powerful real-time rendering function of the UE5, and enhances the visual sense of the model.
The LIM technology is combined, the invention can be combined with LIM (landscape architecture information model) technology, provides comprehensive and accurate data support for landscape design, planning and operation, and optimizes project planning and management.
The vegetation modeling efficiency is improved: by combining the high-efficiency editing capability of the real plant data and the SpeedTree obtained by the scanning technology, the invention can realize rapid establishment of the vegetation model, greatly improve the modeling efficiency and particularly show obvious in large-scale vegetation modeling.
Personalized customization of vegetation models is realized: the powerful editing function of the SpeedTree can enable a user to further edit and customize the generated vegetation model so as to meet different project requirements, and the SpeedTree can easily realize the effects of adjusting vegetation form according to specific climate and soil conditions, changing the visual effects of vegetation such as color, texture and the like.
Optimizing a large-scale vegetation model and realizing real-time rendering: by means of the powerful graphic processing capability of Unreal Engine 5 and the virtualized micro-polygon technology, the method can optimize a large-scale vegetation model and realize real-time rendering. This will greatly enhance the visual effect of the model so that the vegetation will exhibit realistic effects at any viewing angle, which is of great value for travel items where high quality visual effects are required.
In general, the invention can realize the high-efficiency, individuation and high-quality targets of large-scale and fine vegetation modeling, and provides a more practical and flexible vegetation modeling solution for application scenes in multiple fields.
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments of the drawings, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications to the invention based on the above description. Accordingly, certain details of the illustrated embodiments are not to be taken as limiting the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for modeling and displaying digital vegetation based on LIM, comprising the steps of:
three-dimensional scanning is carried out on the real vegetation to obtain a corresponding scanning model;
importing the obtained scanning model into modeling software for modeling to form a digital vegetation model;
creating materials for the formed digital vegetation model to add texture attributes to the digital vegetation model;
deriving a digital vegetation model;
importing the exported digital vegetation model into three-dimensional rendering software;
establishing a scene by utilizing three-dimensional rendering software, and placing the imported digital vegetation model into the established scene;
optimally adjusting textures of the digital vegetation model by utilizing three-dimensional rendering software to realize a required appearance effect; and
and rendering and displaying the digital vegetation model by utilizing three-dimensional rendering software.
2. The LIM-based digital vegetation modeling and demonstration method of claim 1, wherein the digital vegetation model formed based on the scan model is edited when the digital vegetation model is constructed, comprising the steps of:
adjusting the form and branch structure of the digital vegetation model;
and adjusting the blade shape and the material of the digital vegetation model.
3. The LIM-based digital vegetation modeling and demonstration method of claim 1, wherein the creation of materials for the formed digital vegetation model comprises the steps of:
performing texture mapping setting, shader setting and illumination effect setting on the digital vegetation model;
adding a texture map to the digital vegetation model;
and performing diffuse reflection attribute, specular reflection attribute and transparent attribute setting on the digital vegetation model.
4. The LIM-based digital vegetation modeling and demonstration method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of, prior to deriving the digital vegetation model:
geometric simplification is carried out on the digital vegetation model so as to reduce the number of branches and blades in the digital vegetation model.
5. The LIM-based digital vegetation modeling and demonstration method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of, prior to deriving the digital vegetation model:
and carrying out collision body optimization on the digital vegetation model, and adjusting the shape and the grade of the collision body of the digital vegetation model.
6. The LIM-based digital vegetation modeling and demonstration method of claim 1 wherein the digital vegetation model in the scene is adjusted in size, pose and layout as the digital vegetation model is placed into the established scene.
7. The LIM-based digital vegetation modeling and display method of claim 1, wherein the texture of the digital vegetation model is optimally adjusted using three-dimensional rendering software, comprising the steps of:
entering a material editor of the three-dimensional rendering software;
in the texture editor, texture mapping, color, transparency, and reflectance properties are adjusted for the digital vegetation model.
8. The LIM-based digital vegetation modeling and display method of claim 1 wherein illumination, shading, and ambient light parameters are adjusted while rendering the digital vegetation model with three-dimensional rendering software.
9. The LIM-based digital vegetation modeling and demonstration method of claim 1 wherein the modeling software is SpeedTree Games Modeler software.
10. The LIM-based digital vegetation modeling and presentation method of claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional rendering software is UE5.
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