CN117190923A - Method, device, equipment and medium for measuring roughness of aircraft conduit joint - Google Patents
Method, device, equipment and medium for measuring roughness of aircraft conduit joint Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005315 distribution function Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004439 roughness measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
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Abstract
The application discloses a method, a device, equipment and a medium for measuring roughness of an aircraft conduit joint, which comprise the following steps: obtaining a deformation fringe image of the surface to be measured of the catheter adapter; the deformed stripe image is obtained by projecting sinusoidal grating stripes with phase differences to the surface to be detected of the catheter joint for imaging; switching sinusoidal grating stripes, and returning to the step of obtaining deformed stripe images of the surface to be tested of the catheter joint until full-period phase shift is achieved so as to obtain a plurality of deformed stripe images; acquiring phase distribution information of a plurality of deformed stripe images; establishing a mapping relation between phase distribution information and depth information; the depth information is the height information of the surface to be measured of the catheter adapter; according to the mapping relation, the roughness of the surface to be measured of the catheter joint is obtained, and the application has the advantages of realizing non-contact measurement and avoiding the problem of scratching the surface of the catheter joint.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of digital detection, in particular to a method, a device, equipment and a medium for measuring roughness of an aircraft conduit joint.
Background
The conduit is widely applied to the manufacture of aeronautical equipment such as aeronautical engines, aircraft final assemblies and the like, and the surface roughness of the conduit joint is a key quality characteristic for ensuring the sealing connection of a pipeline system. Small deviations in the surface quality of the conduit can cause aircraft heavy quality problems, and thus high accuracy measurement of microscopic roughness of the conduit joint surface is of great importance for optimizing the quality of the pilot aircraft and the support manufacturing process.
At present, a contact type measuring method is mostly adopted for the surface roughness of the conduit joint, and the problem of scratching the surface of the conduit joint easily exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The application mainly aims to provide a method, a device, equipment and a medium for measuring the roughness of an aircraft conduit joint, and aims to solve the technical problem that the surface of the conduit joint is easily scratched when the roughness of the conduit joint is measured by the conventional contact type measuring method.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the application provides a method for measuring roughness of an aircraft conduit joint, comprising the following steps:
obtaining a deformation fringe image of the surface to be measured of the catheter adapter; the deformed stripe image is obtained by projecting sinusoidal grating stripes with phase differences to the surface to be detected of the catheter joint for imaging;
switching sinusoidal grating stripes, and returning to the step of obtaining deformed stripe images of the surface to be tested of the catheter joint until full-period phase shift is achieved so as to obtain a plurality of deformed stripe images;
acquiring phase distribution information of a plurality of deformed stripe images;
establishing a mapping relation between phase distribution information and depth information; the depth information is the height information of the surface to be measured of the catheter adapter;
and obtaining the roughness of the surface to be measured of the catheter joint according to the mapping relation.
Optionally, the acquiring phase distribution information of the plurality of deformed fringe images includes:
constructing a deformed stripe light intensity distribution function according to the deformed stripe image;
obtaining a phase distribution diagram according to the deformed stripe light intensity distribution function;
according to the phase distribution diagram, phase distribution information is obtained.
Optionally, the expression of the deformed stripe light intensity distribution function is:
wherein I (x, y) represents the light intensity distribution based on the XY plane, R (x, y) represents the reflectance distribution based on the XY plane, A (x, y) represents the background light intensity distribution based on the XY plane, B (x, y) represents the fringe contrast distribution based on the XY plane,representing phase distribution information based on the XY plane, +.>Representing the initial phase.
Optionally, the functional expression of the phase distribution information is:
where n=1, 2, 3..n, N is the number of phase shift steps.
Optionally, the functional expression of the mapping relationship is:
where h (x, y) represents depth information and λ represents a measurement light source center wavelength.
Optionally, the functional expression of the roughness is:
in the formula, roughness represents roughness, and L represents the sampling number of pixel points.
Optionally, before the obtaining the deformation fringe image of the surface to be measured of the catheter adapter, the method further comprises the following steps:
introducing a measuring light source, and setting a projection light path and a photographing light path with preset included angles;
placing the surface to be measured of the catheter adapter in a common view field of a projection light path and a photographic light path;
and adjusting the position of the surface to be measured of the catheter adapter so as to enable the imaging of the surface to be measured of the catheter adapter to be clear.
Optionally, the preset included angle is 20 ° -60 °.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application further provides an aircraft conduit joint roughness measurement device, comprising:
the image acquisition module is used for acquiring a deformed stripe image of the surface to be detected of the catheter joint; the deformed stripe image is obtained by projecting sinusoidal grating stripes with phase differences to the surface to be detected of the catheter joint for imaging;
the multi-step phase shift module is used for switching sinusoidal grating stripes and returning to the step of acquiring deformed stripe images of the surface to be tested of the catheter joint until full-period phase shift is achieved so as to acquire a plurality of deformed stripe images;
the information acquisition module is used for acquiring phase distribution information of the plurality of deformed stripe images;
the mapping relation construction module is used for establishing a mapping relation between the phase distribution information and the depth information; the depth information is the height information of the surface to be measured of the catheter adapter;
and the roughness calculation module is used for obtaining the roughness of the surface to be measured of the catheter joint according to the mapping relation.
To achieve the above object, the present application further provides a computer device, which includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the above method.
To achieve the above object, the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, and a processor executing the computer program to implement the above method.
The beneficial effects that the application can realize are as follows:
according to the application, the sinusoidal grating strips with phase differences are projected to the surface to be detected of the catheter joint for imaging, so that the deformed strip images of the surface to be detected of the catheter joint are acquired, then the sinusoidal grating strips are switched, one deformed strip image can be acquired every time until full-period phase shift is achieved, a plurality of deformed strip images are obtained, phase distribution information of the deformed strip images is respectively acquired, then a mapping relation between the phase distribution information and depth information is established, and as the sinusoidal grating strips are projected to the surface to be detected of the catheter joint, the phase information of the modulated strips subjected to the height of the catheter joint is changed, and the surface height information of the catheter joint is encoded in the phase information of the deformed strips, so that the depth information and the phase information have a one-to-one mapping relation, and finally the roughness of the surface to be detected of the catheter joint can be calculated according to the mapping relation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. Like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals throughout the several figures. In the drawings, elements or portions thereof are not necessarily drawn to scale.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an aircraft conduit joint roughness measurement method according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a surface to be measured of a catheter adapter in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a deformed fringe image obtained in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional topography of a measurement region obtained in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a lateral profile of a roughness calculation sampling area obtained in an embodiment of the present application.
The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present application will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiments of the present application are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship between the components, the movement condition, etc. in a specific posture, and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is correspondingly changed.
In the present application, unless specifically stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "affixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "affixed" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral body; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present application, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the meaning of "and/or" as it appears throughout includes three parallel schemes, for example "A and/or B", including the A scheme, or the B scheme, or the scheme where A and B are satisfied simultaneously. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the scope of protection claimed in the present application.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-5, the present embodiment provides a method for measuring roughness of an aircraft conduit joint, including the following steps:
obtaining a deformation fringe image of the surface to be measured of the catheter adapter; the deformed stripe image is obtained by projecting sinusoidal grating stripes with phase differences to the surface to be detected of the catheter joint for imaging;
switching sinusoidal grating stripes, and returning to the step of obtaining deformed stripe images of the surface to be tested of the catheter joint until full-period phase shift is achieved so as to obtain a plurality of deformed stripe images;
acquiring phase distribution information of a plurality of deformed stripe images;
establishing a mapping relation between phase distribution information and depth information; the depth information is the height information of the surface to be measured of the catheter adapter;
and obtaining the roughness of the surface to be measured of the catheter joint according to the mapping relation.
In the prior art, micro-nano level measurement of the surface roughness of a catheter joint mainly depends on contact measurement equipment such as a scanning electron microscope, a scanning tunnel microscope, an atomic force microscope, a step instrument and the like, and the longitudinal resolution of the measurement method is extremely high and can reach the level of sub-nano level, but according to the measurement principle, or by adopting a high-energy electron beam to scan a sample, the physical information of interest is excited through the interaction of the light beam and the surface of an object to achieve the measurement purpose, or the deformation caused by the interaction force of atoms between the tail end of a device and the surface of the object is adopted to carry out the measurement, or a mechanical probe is adopted to slide along the surface of the object to realize the three-dimensional detection, the measurement efficiency of the method is lower, and the measurement is realized by the interaction between various mediums and the surface of the object, so that the surface of the object is damaged or the physical and chemical properties of the surface of the object are easy to change, and therefore the measurement is limited in various detection scenes.
In this embodiment, a sinusoidal grating stripe with a phase difference is projected onto a surface to be measured of a catheter joint to perform imaging, so as to collect a deformed stripe image of the surface to be measured of the catheter joint, then the sinusoidal grating stripe is switched, one deformed stripe image can be collected once switching is performed until reaching full-period phase shift, so as to obtain multiple deformed stripe images, phase distribution information of the multiple deformed stripe images is respectively obtained, then a mapping relation between the phase distribution information and depth information is established, and since the sinusoidal grating stripe is projected onto the surface to be measured of the catheter joint, the phase information of the modulated stripe of the height of the catheter joint changes, and the surface height information of the catheter joint is encoded in the phase information of the deformed stripe, so that the depth information and the phase information have a one-to-one mapping relation, and finally roughness of the surface to be measured of the catheter joint can be obtained according to calculation of the mapping relation.
As an optional implementation manner, the acquiring phase distribution information of the plurality of deformed fringe images includes:
constructing a deformed stripe light intensity distribution function according to the deformed stripe image;
obtaining a phase distribution diagram according to the deformed stripe light intensity distribution function;
according to the phase distribution diagram, phase distribution information is obtained.
In this embodiment, since it is difficult to accurately obtain phase information by using one frame of deformed stripe image, a multi-step phase shift method is used to perform phase analysis, a corresponding deformed stripe light intensity distribution function is constructed by using the deformed stripe image, and then a multi-step phase shift method is used to process the deformed stripe image sequence, so as to obtain a phase distribution map, and finally, phase distribution information can be obtained.
As an alternative embodiment, the expression of the deformed stripe light intensity distribution function is:
wherein I (x, y) represents the light intensity distribution based on the XY plane, R (x, y) represents the reflectance distribution based on the XY plane, A (x, y) represents the background light intensity distribution based on the XY plane, B (x, y) represents the fringe contrast distribution based on the XY plane,representing phase distribution information based on the XY plane, +.>Representing the initial phase.
In the present embodiment, the deformed stripe light intensity distribution condition and the phase distribution information can be calculated based on the expression of the deformed stripe light intensity distribution functionThe method comprises the steps of determining the three-dimensional morphology information of the surface to be measured, laying a foundation for the accurate calculation of the follow-up phase distribution information, and having guiding significance.
It should be noted that, the multi-step phase shift method is used to solve the fringe phase distribution information, which has extremely high resolution precision, and according to the multi-step phase shift resolution phase algorithm, the deformed fringe light intensity distribution function contains three unknowns including the phase distribution information, so that at least three sinusoidal grating fringe patterns with a certain phase difference need to be projected to realize the phase solution, and meanwhile, the group of sinusoidal grating fringe patterns needs to be ensured to realize full-period phase shift.
As an alternative embodiment, the functional expression of the phase distribution information is:
where n=1, 2, 3..n, N is the number of phase shift steps.
In this embodiment, the phase distribution map is obtained by processing the deformed fringe image sequence by using a multi-step phase shift method, so that the phase is solved by using a multi-step phase shift method of phase difference such as N frames of full period, the projected sinusoidal grating fringes are subjected to phase shift once every 1/N of the grating period, and a light intensity distribution map I is correspondingly obtained n The function expression of the phase distribution information is a function adopting an N-step phase shift solution phase shift algorithm, and has guiding significance.
As an alternative embodiment, the functional expression of the mapping relationship is:
where h (x, y) represents depth information and λ represents a measurement light source center wavelength.
In this embodiment, a mapping relationship between phase distribution information and depth information may be established according to a theoretical relationship between fringe phase difference and optical path difference, the phase distribution information is solved by a high-precision fringe phase analysis algorithm, and a three-dimensional morphology of a measurement region of a surface to be measured (as shown in fig. 4) is reconstructed by combining the depth mapping relationship, and based on a functional expression of the mapping relationship, a three-dimensional point cloud acquisition of the surface to be measured of a catheter joint may be further realized, and a precondition is provided for accurate calculation of subsequent roughness.
As an alternative embodiment, the functional expression of the roughness is:
in the formula, roughness represents roughness, and L represents the sampling number of pixel points.
In this embodiment, after the three-dimensional point cloud of the surface to be measured of the catheter adapter is obtained, the roughness of the surface to be measured of the catheter adapter can be calculated and obtained based on the functional expression of the roughness in the sampling range of the x-th row and the L pixel points in the three-dimensional point cloud. Actual measurement of a catheter adapter as shown in fig. 5, the roughness of the catheter adapter sample was calculated to be 0.88um over a sampling range of about 20mm for 45 pixels in line 200.
In summary, compared with the contact measurement method, the embodiment has the advantages of non-contact, no damage and the like by utilizing the optical measurement method, and has an irreplaceable position in micro-nano level roughness measurement. The measuring method based on grating projection can project a plurality of sinusoidal grating fringes with a certain phase difference to the surface to be measured of the catheter joint through the fringe projection device, synchronously acquire deformed fringe patterns through the photographing device, store the deformed fringe patterns into a computer, solve phase information through a high-precision fringe phase analysis algorithm, and reconstruct the three-dimensional morphology of the surface to be measured through further combining with height mapping, so that the calculating of the roughness of the surface to be measured of the catheter joint is realized, and the measuring method has the characteristics of large size, high precision, high efficiency and the like, and has wide application prospect in the field of measuring micro-nano level roughness of the surface of the catheter joint.
As an optional embodiment, before the step of obtaining the deformed fringe image of the surface to be measured of the catheter adapter, the method further includes the following steps:
introducing a measuring light source, and setting a projection light path and a photographing light path with preset included angles;
placing the surface to be measured of the catheter adapter in a common view field of a projection light path and a photographic light path;
and adjusting the position of the surface to be measured of the catheter adapter so as to enable the imaging of the surface to be measured of the catheter adapter to be clear.
In this embodiment, the measuring light source may be an LED wide spectrum white light source, the projection light path and the photographing light path may be implemented by a projection device and a photographing device, respectively, after the projection device and the photographing device are placed according to a preset included angle, the surface to be measured of the catheter connector is placed in a common field of view of the projection light path and the photographing light path, and then the object-bearing table for placing the catheter connector is controlled by the upper computer to move up and down, so that the surface to be measured of the catheter connector is imaged clearly in the photographing device, and enters into a focal depth range of the imaging system, and then the upper computer can control the projection device to project a sinusoidal grating with a certain phase difference onto the surface to be measured of the catheter connector, and simultaneously control the photographing device to synchronously collect and store deformed stripe images in the computer, so as to start the roughness measuring step. Therefore, compared with other optical measurement methods such as laser confocal and white light interferometry, the method can adopt a simpler measurement system, can realize measurement only by a projection device and a photographic device, and has the advantage of portability.
It should be noted that, in order to realize high-efficiency and high-precision measurement, a measurement system (including a projection device and a photographing device) needs to be set up strictly according to a theoretical design and measurement is carried out according to relevant steps.
As an alternative embodiment, the predetermined angle is 20 ° -60 °.
In this embodiment, since the measurement system is a triangulation system, there is necessarily a certain angle between the projection device and the photographing device, if the angle is too large, light scattering is serious, insufficient light intensity entering the photographing device causes unclear imaging, and high-quality imaging pictures cannot be obtained; if the angle is too small, double-light path crosstalk is possibly caused, hardware interference is possibly generated, and the measurement result is influenced, so that the imaging angle can be properly adjusted under the condition that the difference between the imaging angle and the simulation condition is not large, and the specific included angle ranges from 20 degrees to 60 degrees. According to the light source scattering model and the camera exposure parameters specifically used by the photographic device, the optimal imaging included angle of 30 degrees can be obtained by further combining the reflectivity of the surface of the object to be detected, and the optimal imaging included angle is obtained through simulation under the conditions that an LED white light source is adopted, the camera exposure time is controlled to be 5ms and the surface of the object to be detected is metal.
Example 2
Based on the same inventive concept as the previous embodiment, this embodiment further provides an aircraft conduit joint roughness measurement device, including:
the image acquisition module is used for acquiring a deformed stripe image of the surface to be detected of the catheter joint; the deformed stripe image is obtained by projecting sinusoidal grating stripes with phase differences to the surface to be detected of the catheter joint for imaging;
the multi-step phase shift module is used for switching sinusoidal grating stripes and returning to the step of acquiring deformed stripe images of the surface to be tested of the catheter joint until full-period phase shift is achieved so as to acquire a plurality of deformed stripe images;
the information acquisition module is used for acquiring phase distribution information of the plurality of deformed stripe images;
the mapping relation construction module is used for establishing a mapping relation between the phase distribution information and the depth information; the depth information is the height information of the surface to be measured of the catheter adapter;
and the roughness calculation module is used for obtaining the roughness of the surface to be measured of the catheter joint according to the mapping relation.
The explanation and examples of each module in the apparatus of this embodiment may refer to the method of the foregoing embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
Example 3
Based on the same inventive concept as the previous embodiments, this embodiment provides a computer device, which includes a memory and a processor, where the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the above method.
Example 4
Based on the same inventive concept as the previous embodiments, this embodiment provides a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and a processor executes the computer program to implement the above method.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the application, but rather is intended to cover any equivalents of the structures or equivalent processes disclosed herein or in the alternative, which may be employed directly or indirectly in other related arts.
Claims (11)
1. The method for measuring the roughness of the aircraft conduit joint is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
obtaining a deformation fringe image of the surface to be measured of the catheter adapter; the deformation fringe image is obtained by projecting sinusoidal grating fringes with phase differences on the surface to be detected of the catheter joint for imaging;
switching sinusoidal grating stripes, and returning to the step of obtaining deformed stripe images of the surface to be tested of the catheter joint until full-period phase shift is achieved so as to obtain a plurality of deformed stripe images;
acquiring phase distribution information of a plurality of deformed stripe images;
establishing a mapping relation between the phase distribution information and the depth information; wherein the depth information is the surface height information to be measured of the catheter adapter;
and obtaining the roughness of the surface to be measured of the catheter adapter according to the mapping relation.
2. The method for measuring roughness of an aircraft conduit joint according to claim 1, wherein said obtaining phase distribution information of a plurality of said deformed fringe images comprises:
constructing a deformed stripe light intensity distribution function according to the deformed stripe image;
obtaining a phase distribution diagram according to the deformed stripe light intensity distribution function;
and obtaining phase distribution information according to the phase distribution map.
3. The method for measuring roughness of an aircraft conduit joint according to claim 2, wherein the expression of the deformed stripe light intensity distribution function is:
wherein I (x, y) represents the light intensity distribution based on the XY plane, R (x, y) represents the reflectance distribution based on the XY plane, A (x, y) represents the background light intensity distribution based on the XY plane, B (x, y) represents the fringe contrast distribution based on the XY plane,representing phase distribution information based on the XY plane, +.>Representing the initial phase.
4. A method for measuring roughness of an aircraft conduit joint according to claim 3, wherein the phase distribution information has a functional expression:
where n=1, 2, 3..n, N is the number of phase shift steps.
5. The method for measuring roughness of an aircraft conduit joint according to claim 4, wherein the functional expression of the mapping relationship is:
where h (x, y) represents depth information and λ represents a measurement light source center wavelength.
6. The method for measuring roughness of an aircraft conduit joint according to claim 5, wherein the functional expression of the roughness is:
in the formula, roughness represents roughness, and L represents the sampling number of pixel points.
7. A method for measuring roughness of an aircraft conduit joint according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein before obtaining the deformation fringe image of the surface to be measured of the conduit joint, the method further comprises the steps of:
introducing a measuring light source, and setting a projection light path and a photographing light path with preset included angles;
placing a surface to be measured of the catheter adapter in a common field of view of the projection optical path and the photographic optical path;
and adjusting the position of the surface to be measured of the catheter adapter so as to enable the imaging of the surface to be measured of the catheter adapter to be clear.
8. An aircraft duct joint roughness measurement method as claimed in claim 7, wherein said predetermined angle is 20 ° -60 °.
9. An aircraft conduit joint roughness measurement device, comprising:
the image acquisition module is used for acquiring a deformed stripe image of the surface to be detected of the catheter joint; the deformation fringe image is obtained by projecting sinusoidal grating fringes with phase differences on the surface to be detected of the catheter joint for imaging;
the multi-step phase shift module is used for switching sinusoidal grating stripes and returning to the step of acquiring deformed stripe images of the surface to be tested of the catheter joint until full-period phase shift is achieved so as to acquire a plurality of deformed stripe images;
the information acquisition module is used for acquiring phase distribution information of a plurality of deformed stripe images;
the mapping relation construction module is used for establishing a mapping relation between the phase distribution information and the depth information; wherein the depth information is the surface height information to be measured of the catheter adapter;
and the roughness calculation module is used for obtaining the roughness of the surface to be measured of the conduit joint according to the mapping relation.
10. A computer device, characterized in that it comprises a memory in which a computer program is stored and a processor which executes the computer program, implementing the method according to any of claims 1-6.
11. A computer readable storage medium, having stored thereon a computer program, the computer program being executable by a processor to implement the method of any of claims 1-6.
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