CN117189832A - Self-lubricating gear structure of gear reducer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of self-lubricating gear mechanisms, in particular to a self-lubricating gear structure of a gear reducer, which comprises a reducer case, a plurality of rotating shafts rotatably arranged in the middle of the inner side surface of the reducer case through bearing pieces, gears fixedly arranged in the middle of the side surface of the rotating shafts, and an oil storage cavity which is arranged in the rotating shafts and is close to the positions of the gears.

Description

Self-lubricating gear structure of gear reducer

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of self-lubricating gear mechanisms, in particular to a self-lubricating gear structure of a gear reducer.

Background

The gear transmission has the advantages of simple structure, large transmission torque, high working efficiency, wide application speed range and the like, the gear is one of important transmission mechanisms of the speed reducer, the gear transmission has the characteristics of large transmission power range, high transmission efficiency and capability of randomly transmitting motion and power between two shafts, the gear of the speed reducer is worn seriously in the process of matching transmission, the service life of the gear is obviously shortened due to the fact that the gear is worn seriously under long-time working, and the gear needs to be replaced frequently if lubrication is not performed.

The existing gear transmission device mostly adopts the mode of adding lubricating oil from the outside such as splash lubrication, and splash lubrication is that a rotating gear brings oil at the bottom of a gear box into a gear engagement position for lubrication, but the lubricating oil quantity of splash lubrication is not easy to control: effective lubrication is difficult to achieve when the amount of the lubricating oil is small; when the lubricating oil quantity is large, the oil stirring resistance of the gear is increased, the transmission efficiency and the oil temperature rise are large, and the lubricating quality is influenced. In addition, when the lubricating oil is exhausted, abnormal wear of the tooth surface is caused if the lubricating oil is not timely supplemented, so that frequent oiling maintenance is needed, the labor cost is increased, and greater hidden danger is brought to equipment operation and production safety.

With the development of the trend of high-speed heavy load of gear transmission, the huge centrifugal force makes lubricating oil difficult to adhere to the gear when the gear rotates at high speed, the quantity of lubricating oil entering the meshing area is less, insufficient lubrication is caused, higher contact load also makes the oil extruded out of the meshing area, an effective dynamic pressure oil film is difficult to form, the meshing tooth surface is easy to lack oil lubrication, serious harm is brought to the precision and the service life of a gear transmission system, meanwhile, the gear lubrication mode of external oiling lubrication is adopted, and once a lubrication system fails or the lubricating system oil is insufficient or due to other reasons, when partial gears in a gear train are not sufficiently lubricated, great damage is caused to the gears with poor lubrication, and the service life of the gears is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides a self-lubricating gear structure of a gear reducer, which can effectively solve the problem of low lubricating effect of the self-lubricating gear in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a self-lubricating gear structure of a gear reducer, which comprises a reducer case, a plurality of rotating shafts rotatably arranged in the middle of the inner side surface of the reducer case through bearing pieces, gears fixedly arranged in the middle of the side surface of the rotating shafts, and an oil storage cavity which is arranged in the rotating shafts and is close to the positions of the gears, wherein bearing sleeves for placing balls are arranged in the middle of the bearing pieces, oil drain holes which are uniformly distributed are arranged in the positions of the gears and the bearing sleeves on the inner side surface of the oil storage cavity, the oil drain holes are obliquely arranged in the oil storage cavity, the side surfaces of gear upper tooth blocks are connected with oil storage microstructures, and the oil drain holes are positioned between every two gears on the gears;

the oil supplementing assembly is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft and close to the bearing part, and automatically supplements the inside of the oil storage cavity with lubricating oil when the lubricating oil is absent in the oil storage cavity;

the oil supplementing assembly comprises a first shell, the first shell is mounted at the end part of the rotating shaft, a sliding groove is formed in the first shell, a sliding block is mounted on the sliding groove in a sliding mode, which is far away from the inner side face of the bearing piece, a connecting groove used for communicating the first shell with the oil storage cavity is formed in the inner side face of the sliding groove, which is close to the bearing piece, an adjusting piece is arranged at the position, which is close to the bearing sleeve, of the bearing piece, the connecting groove is automatically enabled to be in an opening state when lubricating oil is lacking in the oil storage cavity, and an auxiliary assembly is arranged at the position, which is close to the first shell, of the outer side face of the speed reducer box and used for supplementing lubricating oil for the inner part of the first shell.

Further, the adjusting piece is including seting up in the inside first mounting groove that corresponds the spread groove position of speed reducer case, the interior top surface elasticity slidable mounting of first mounting groove has the sealing block, the side lower part that the sealing block is close to the spout is the inclined plane form, the side of first mounting groove is close to the position of sealing block and is equipped with the fastener for restrict the position of sealing block.

Further, the clamping piece is including setting up the spout that is close to the sealing block position in first mounting groove side, spout medial surface elastic connection has first worker shape piece, the side middle part of first worker shape piece middle part connecting rod insert be equipped with spout fixedly connected with first baffle, the side of sealing block corresponds the position of first worker shape piece and sets up in the restriction groove, the inside of bearing piece is close to the position of bearing housing and is equipped with the driving piece for drive first worker shape piece removes.

Further, rolling beads which are uniformly distributed are rotatably connected to the side surfaces of the two sides of the end part of the first I-shaped block.

Further, the driving piece comprises a gas storage groove, the gas storage groove is evenly formed in the inner side face of the bearing sleeve, a first arc-shaped elastic sheet is fixedly arranged at the position, corresponding to the bearing sleeve, of the inner side face of the bearing piece, a first communicating groove is formed in the position, close to the bearing sleeve, of the inner side face of the bearing piece, a first exhaust hole is formed in the side face, close to the first communicating groove, of the gas storage groove, the inner diameter of the first exhaust hole is gradually reduced in the direction, close to the first communicating groove, a first transition section is formed in the side face of the first communicating groove, the first communicating groove is communicated with the gas storage groove through the first exhaust hole, and a first connecting pipe used for communicating the first communicating groove with the sliding groove is connected to the side face of the first communicating groove.

Further, a second communicating groove is formed in the position, close to the first connecting pipe, of the inner side face of the bearing piece, a second exhaust hole is formed in the inner side face of the second communicating groove, the inner radial direction of the second exhaust hole is gradually reduced in the direction, close to the air storage groove, of the second exhaust hole, a second transition section is formed in the side face of the air storage groove, the air storage groove is communicated with the second communicating groove through the second exhaust hole and the second transition section, and the side face of the second communicating groove is connected with the first communicating pipe.

Further, a through hole is formed in the inner side face of the first I-shaped block, close to the first connecting pipe, in a penetrating mode, and the inner diameter of the through hole is smaller than that of the first connecting pipe.

Further, the auxiliary assembly comprises a second shell, a second shell is fixedly arranged at a position, close to the first shell, of the side face of the speed reducer box, an oil storage groove is formed in the second shell, an extrusion block is elastically and slidably connected to the side face of the oil storage groove, a third connecting pipe is connected to the position, close to the first shell, of the inner side face of the oil storage groove, the third connecting pipe is composed of a pipeline and a one-way valve, and the oil storage groove is connected with the sliding groove through the third connecting pipe in a communicating mode.

Further, the auxiliary assembly further comprises a second mounting groove which is formed in the second shell and is close to the position of the oil storage groove, an inner side face of the second mounting groove is connected with an air storage bag body, a side wall of the second shell, which is close to the speed reducer box, is made of a heat conducting material, a second I-shaped block is elastically and slidably connected in the position, which is close to the air storage bag body, of the second mounting groove, a second partition plate fixedly connected with the second mounting groove is inserted in the middle of the side face of the second I-shaped block, a second connecting pipe is connected with the inner top face of the second mounting groove, which is close to the right side of the second partition plate, in a penetrating manner, a second connecting pipe is connected between the oil storage groove and the second mounting groove through the second connecting pipe, and a connecting hole is connected with the inner bottom face of the second mounting groove, which is close to the second connecting pipe.

Further, the oil storage tank has been seted up at the middle part of oil storage chamber, the internal diameter of oil storage tank is greater than the internal diameter of oil storage chamber, the second communicating pipe has been seted up to the inside of oil storage chamber near the position of oil storage tank, the side of second communicating pipe is close to the position of oil storage tank and installs the second arc shell fragment.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

when the gear reducer works, the gear and the rotating shaft are driven to rotate at a high speed, lubricating oil in the oil storage cavity enters the auxiliary assembly under the action of centrifugal force of the rotating shaft and the gear rotating at a high speed, flows to the position of the oil storage microstructure through the oil drain hole and is stored on the oil storage microstructure, and a continuous lubricating effect is achieved; through same oil storage chamber simultaneously for adding lubricating oil on bearing spare and the gear, compare the mode of adding lubricating oil on separately bearing spare, the gear, guaranteed the simultaneity of adding lubricating oil on bearing spare and the gear, reduce bearing spare and one of them lack lubrication and lead to the problem that the overall work effect takes place to descend, reduced the loaded down with trivial details nature of refueling work simultaneously, guaranteed the high efficiency of gear reducer work, can automatically increase lubricating oil when oil storage chamber, bearing spare inside lack lubricating oil, compare the mode of adding lubricating oil regularly among the prior art, can more accurate adding lubricating oil, reduce the influence that produces because bearing spare, the lack lubricating oil on the gear.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is evident that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the complete structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a partial structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional structure of a shaft of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a cross-sectional structure of an oil drain hole of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of an oil storage chamber of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the invention at A in FIG. 3;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the invention at B in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of FIG. 4 at C in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the invention at D in FIG. 5;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the auxiliary assembly of the present invention.

Reference numerals in the drawings represent respectively: 1. a speed reducer box; 2. a rotating shaft; 3. a gear; 4. a bearing member; 5. an oil supplementing assembly; 51. a first housing; 52. a sliding groove; 53. a sliding block; 54. a connecting groove; 55. a first mounting groove; 56. a sealing block; 57. a chute; 58. a first I-shaped block; 59. a first separator; 510. a through hole; 511. a first connection pipe; 512. rolling the beads; 513. a gas storage tank; 514. a first arc-shaped elastic sheet; 515. a first communication groove; 516. a first exhaust hole; 517. a first transition section; 518. a second communication groove; 519. a first communication pipe; 5110. a second transition section; 5111. a second exhaust hole; 5112. a limiting groove; 6. an auxiliary component; 61. a second housing; 62. a second mounting groove; 63. a gas storage bag body; 64. a second I-shaped block; 65. a second separator; 66. a second connection pipe; 67. extruding a block; 68. an oil storage tank; 69. a third connection pipe; 610. a connection hole; 7. a bearing sleeve; 8. an oil storage chamber; 9. an oil drain hole; 10. an oil storage microstructure; 11. an oil storage tank; 12. a second communicating pipe; 13. and the second arc-shaped elastic sheet.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

The invention is further described below with reference to examples.

Examples: referring to fig. 1 to 10, a self-lubricating gear structure of a gear reducer comprises a reducer case 1, a plurality of rotating shafts 2 rotatably installed in the middle of the inner side surface of the reducer case 1 through bearing pieces 4, gears 3 fixedly installed in the middle of the side surface of the rotating shafts 2, and an oil storage cavity 8 which is arranged in the rotating shafts 2 and is close to the positions of the gears 3, wherein bearing sleeves 7 for placing balls are arranged in the middle of the bearing pieces 4, oil drain holes 9 which are uniformly distributed are formed in the positions of the gears 3 and the bearing sleeves 7 on the inner side surface of the oil storage cavity 8, the oil drain holes 9 are obliquely arranged in the oil storage cavity 8, the side surfaces of tooth blocks on the gears 3 are connected with oil storage microstructures 10, and the oil drain holes 9 are positioned between every two gears on the gears 3;

the oil supplementing assembly 5 is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft 2 and is close to the bearing part 4, and automatically supplements the lubricating oil in the oil storage cavity 8 when the lubricating oil in the oil storage cavity 8 is lacking;

the oil supplementing assembly 5 comprises a first shell 51, the first shell 51 is arranged at the end part of the rotating shaft 2, a sliding groove 52 is formed in the first shell 51, a sliding block 53 is elastically and slidably arranged on the inner side surface of the sliding groove 52, which is far away from the bearing piece 4, a connecting groove 54 used for communicating the first shell 51 with the oil storage cavity 8 is formed in the inner side surface of the sliding groove 52, which is close to the bearing piece 4, an adjusting piece is arranged at the position, which is close to the bearing sleeve 7, of the inner part of the bearing piece 4, the connecting groove 54 is automatically in an opening state when lubricating oil is lacking in the oil storage cavity 8, and an auxiliary assembly 6 is arranged at the position, which is close to the first shell 51, of the outer side surface of the speed reducer case 1, and is used for supplementing lubricating oil for the inner part of the first shell 51.

When the gear reducer works, the gear 3 and the rotating shaft 2 are driven to rotate at a high speed, under the action of centrifugal force of the rotating shaft 2 and the gear 3, lubricating oil in the oil storage cavity 8 enters the auxiliary assembly 6 and flows to the position of the oil storage microstructure 10 through the oil drain hole 9 and is stored on the oil storage microstructure 10, a continuous lubricating effect is achieved, in the relative movement process of two opposite gears 3 meshed with two tooth blocks, the lubricating oil in the oil storage microstructure 10 adheres to the surfaces of the tooth blocks on the gear 3 and forms an oil film, a lubricating effect is achieved, after the rotation of the gear 3 is stopped, the sprayed lubricating oil is sucked back into the oil storage cavity 8 under the action of capillary force of the oil storage microstructure 10 and the oil drain hole 9, the cyclic use is facilitated, the capillary force refers to the phenomenon that liquid rises in the capillary or pore due to surface tension, when the liquid contacts with the solid surface, certain attractive force exists between liquid molecules and the solid surface, and the attractive force is called surface tension, and the liquid can rise or fall in the slender capillary or pore;

further, when the rotating shaft 2 rotates at a high speed, the lubricating oil in the oil storage cavity 8 also enters the bearing part 4, so that the stable rotation of the balls in the bearing part 4 is ensured, and the following characteristics are provided: high temperature stability: can maintain stable viscosity and performance in high temperature environment and prevent lubricating oil from losing efficacy at high temperature. Oxidation resistance: can resist oxidation and corrosion and prolong the service life of lubricating oil. Abrasion resistance: has excellent wear resistance, and reduces friction and wear between gears and bearings. Extreme pressure properties: under heavy load, an effective extreme pressure liquid film can be formed, and gears and bearings are protected from excessive pressure and abrasion. Dehydration: has good dewatering performance and can rapidly discharge the water in the lubricating system. Compatibility: the material compatibility with the sealing material and the lubricating system is good, the sealing element and the lubricating system are not damaged, and the working effects of the gear 3 and the bearing element 4 can be ensured;

it is worth noting that the lubricating oil is added to the bearing part 4 and the gear 3 through the same oil storage cavity 8, compared with the mode of adding the lubricating oil to the bearing part 4 and the gear 3 separately, the lubricating oil adding method ensures the synchronism of adding the lubricating oil to the bearing part 4 and the gear 3, reduces the problem that the overall working effect is reduced due to the lack of lubrication of the bearing part 4 and the gear 3, reduces the complexity of oiling work, and ensures the high efficiency of the work of the gear reducer;

referring to fig. 8, the driving member includes an air storage groove 513, the air storage groove 513 is uniformly formed on an inner side surface of the bearing housing 7, a first arc-shaped elastic sheet 514 is fixedly installed at a position of the inner side surface of the air storage groove 513 corresponding to the bearing housing 7, a first communication groove 515 is formed at a position of the inner side surface of the bearing member 4 adjacent to the bearing housing 7, a first exhaust hole 516 is formed at a side surface of the air storage groove 513 adjacent to the first communication groove 515, an inner radial direction of the first exhaust hole 516 is gradually reduced in a direction adjacent to the first communication groove 515, a first transition section 517 is formed at a side surface of the first communication groove 515, and a first connecting pipe 511 for connecting the first communication groove 515 with the sliding groove 57 is connected between the first communication groove 515 and the air storage groove 513 through the first exhaust hole 516 and the first transition section 517;

further, when the oil storage cavity 8 lacks the lubricating oil, the lubricating oil is lacking in the bearing part 4, so that the lubrication degree in the bearing part 4 is reduced, at this time, the rotation resistance of the bearing part 4 is increased, the friction force and the extrusion force between the balls in the bearing part 4 and the side surface of the bearing part 4 are increased, at this time, the balls continuously extrude the first arc-shaped elastic sheet 514, so that the first arc-shaped elastic sheet 514 is elastically deformed, and when the balls extrude the first arc-shaped elastic sheet 514, the first arc-shaped elastic sheet 514 extrudes the gas in the air storage groove 513;

because the first communicating groove 515 is communicated with the air storage groove 513 through the first air vent 516, the opening of the first air vent 516 gradually decreases towards the direction close to the first communicating groove 515, the second communicating groove 518 is communicated with the air storage groove 513 through the second air vent 5111, the inner diameter of the second air vent 5111 decreases towards the direction close to the air storage groove 513, namely, the inner diameter of the communicating end part of the first air vent 516 and the air storage groove 513 is far greater than the inner diameter of the communicating end part of the second transition section 5110 and the air storage groove 513, so that most of air enters the inside of the first communicating groove 515 through the first air vent 516 when the first arc-shaped elastic piece 514 extrudes the air in the air storage groove 513, and the air quantity entering the inside of the first communicating groove 515 is ensured, and meanwhile, when the balls do not extrude the first arc-shaped elastic piece 514, the air quantity of the air in the first communicating groove 515 is reduced;

further, by arranging the first transition section 517 and the second transition section 5110, the sudden decrease or increase of the area change generated in the gas flowing process is buffered, the resistance of the gas flowing is reduced, and meanwhile, the gas can be effectively prevented from flowing back and diffusing, the gas quantity entering the first communication groove 515 is further ensured, and the subsequent working effect is ensured; it is noted that the lengths of the first transition section 517 and the second transition section 5110 are not less than twice the smaller diameters of the first through-air vent 516 and the second through-air vent 5111, so as to ensure that the speed and the pressure of the gas in the transition sections can be gradually and smoothly changed, thereby reducing the resistance and the energy loss in the gas flowing process; the inclination angle of the first transition section 517 and the second transition section 5110 is between 3 degrees and 5 degrees, so that the stability of gas flow is ensured;

referring to fig. 6 to 7, the engaging member includes a sliding groove 57 opened at a position close to the sealing block 56 on the side surface of the first mounting groove 55, a first i-shaped block 58 is elastically connected to the inner side surface of the sliding groove 57, a first partition plate 59 fixedly connected to the sliding groove 57 is inserted in the middle of the side surface of the middle connecting rod of the first i-shaped block 58, the position of the side surface of the sealing block 56 corresponding to the first i-shaped block 58 is opened in the limiting groove 5112, and a driving member is provided in the position close to the bearing sleeve 7 inside the bearing member 4 for driving the first i-shaped block 58 to move;

the adjusting piece comprises a first mounting groove 55 which is formed in the speed reducer case 1 and corresponds to the position of the connecting groove 54, a sealing block 56 is elastically and slidably mounted on the inner top surface of the first mounting groove 55, the lower part of the side surface of the sealing block 56, which is close to the sliding groove 57, is in an inclined surface shape, and a clamping piece is arranged at the position, which is close to the sealing block 56, of the side surface of the first mounting groove 55 and is used for limiting the position of the sealing block 56;

further, the gas entering the first communicating groove 515 enters the chute 57 through the first connecting pipe 511 to squeeze the first manifold block 58, along with the gradual increase of the gas amount entering the chute 57, the first manifold block 58 overcomes the elasticity between the first manifold block and the chute 57 and moves away from the limiting groove 5112 until the end of the first manifold block 58 is completely separated from the inside of the limiting groove 5112, at this time, the limitation of the first manifold block 58 on the sealing block 56 is cancelled, because the elasticity of the elastic connection between the sliding block 53 and the first shell 51 is greater than the elasticity of the elastic connection between the sealing block 56 and the first mounting groove 55, at this time, the sliding block 53 squeezes the lubricating oil inside the sliding groove 52, the extrusion force makes the lubricating oil inside the sliding block 53 squeeze the inclined surface of the sealing block 56, the extrusion force makes the sealing block 56 move away from the connecting groove 54 against the elasticity between the first mounting groove 55, the connecting groove 54 is gradually in an open state, the lubricating oil inside the sliding groove 52 enters the inside the oil storage cavity 8 through the connecting groove 54, the inside the oil storage cavity 8 is the inside the oil storage cavity 52, the lubricating oil storage cavity is the inside the oil storage cavity 52, the lubricating oil can be more easily filled in the oil storage cavity 8, and the oil storage cavity can be automatically added to the bearing 4 when the bearing is in the oil storage 3, and the oil storage is more lost, and the oil storage can be automatically added in the oil storage cavity 8 is more lost, and the oil storage state can be automatically added in the oil storage state when the bearing is more lost, and the bearing is added in the oil storage is in the oil storage system and the oil storage system;

it should be noted that, when the bearing member 4 lacks lubricating oil, the lubricating oil stored on the oil storage microstructure 10 can ensure the normal operation of the gear 3, further reduce the influence caused by the lack of lubricating oil on the bearing member 4 and the gear 3, at this time, the extrusion force of the lubricating oil in the sliding groove 52 to the sealing block 56 is reduced, the elastic force of elastic deformation is restored between the sealing block 56 and the first mounting groove 55 to enable the sealing block 56 to return to the initial state, the opening of the connecting groove 54 is in the closed state, the problem that the lubricating oil in the oil storage cavity 8 flows back to the sliding groove 52 is avoided, and the end of the first I-shaped block 58 corresponds to the position of the limiting groove 5112;

referring to fig. 8, a second communicating groove 518 is formed in the inner side surface of the bearing member 4 near the first connecting pipe 511, a second exhaust hole 5111 is formed in the inner side surface of the second communicating groove 518, the inner diameter of the second exhaust hole 5111 gradually decreases in the direction of approaching the air storage groove 513, a second transition section 5110 is formed in the side surface of the air storage groove 513, the air storage groove 513 is communicated with the second communicating groove 518 through the second exhaust hole 5111 and the second transition section 5110, and the side surface of the second communicating groove 518 is connected with a first communicating pipe 519;

it is noted that, referring to fig. 6, through the through hole 510 is formed through the inner side surface of the first i-shaped block 58 near the position of the first connecting pipe 511, the inner diameter of the through hole 510 is smaller than the inner diameter of the first connecting pipe 511, that is, when the lubricating oil is present in the bearing member 4, even though the ball presses the air storage groove 513, the amount of gas generated at this time is small due to the extrusion, the gas generated at this time can be discharged through the through hole 510, so that the problem that the first i-shaped block 58 moves due to the gas entering the inside of the sliding groove 57 as the working time increases when the lubricating oil is present in the bearing member 4 is avoided, the normal operation is ensured, when the amount of lubricating oil in the bearing member 4 is small, the amount of gas generated is larger than the amount of exhaust gas because the inner diameter of the through hole 510 is smaller than the inner diameter of the first connecting pipe 511, the normal operation is not affected, and the deformation of the bearing member 4 is smaller than the amount of gas discharged when the lubricating oil is added in the bearing member 4, the gas in the inside of the sliding groove 57 gradually decreases, the first i-shaped block 58 returns to the normal operation after the elastic clamping operation under the elastic clamping of the first i-shaped block 58 and the first i-shaped block 58 is restored to the normal operation;

further, the rolling beads 512 are uniformly distributed on the two side surfaces of the end part of the first h-shaped block 58 in a rotating way, so that the friction force between the first h-shaped block 58 and the limiting groove 5112 is reduced, meanwhile, the elastic force of the elastic connection between the first h-shaped block 58 and the sliding groove 57 is small, the gas extrusion force required by the elastic force of the first h-shaped block 58 to limit the inside of the groove 5112 is reduced, namely, the required gas quantity is reduced, the time of the bearing piece 4 in the state of lacking lubricating oil is further reduced, the overall working effect is further improved, the influence on the bearing piece 4 is reduced, and notably, when the inside of the bearing piece 4 slightly lacks lubricating oil, the first arc-shaped elastic sheet 514 is frequently extruded, so that the oiling work is ensured to be performed when the inside of the bearing piece 4 slightly lacks lubricating oil, and the problem of reducing the stability of the gear reducer caused by the lack of lubricating oil in the inside of the bearing piece 4 is reduced;

referring to fig. 10, the auxiliary assembly 6 includes a second housing 61, a second housing 61 is fixedly installed at a position of a side surface of the speed reducer case 1, which is close to the first housing 51, an oil storage groove 68 is formed in the second housing 61, a squeezing block 67 is elastically and slidably connected to the side surface of the oil storage groove 68, a third connecting pipe 69 is connected to a position of an inner side surface of the oil storage groove 68, which is close to the first housing 51, the third connecting pipe 69 is composed of a pipe and a one-way valve, and the oil storage groove 68 is connected to the sliding groove 52 through the third connecting pipe 69;

the auxiliary assembly 6 further comprises a second mounting groove 62 which is arranged in the second shell 61 and is close to the position of the oil storage groove 68, the inner side surface of the second mounting groove 62 is connected with an air storage bag body 63, the side wall of the second shell 61, which is close to the speed reducer case 1, is made of a heat conducting material, the position, which is close to the air storage bag body 63, in the second mounting groove 62 is elastically and slidably connected with a second I-shaped block 64, the middle part of the side surface of the second I-shaped block 64 is inserted with a second partition plate 65 fixedly connected with the second mounting groove 62, the right side, which is close to the second partition plate 65, of the inner top surface of the second mounting groove 62 is connected with a second connecting pipe 66 in a penetrating way, the oil storage groove 68 is connected with the second mounting groove 62 in a communicating way through the second connecting pipe 66, and the inner bottom surface, which is close to the second connecting pipe 66, of the second mounting groove 62 is connected with a connecting hole 610

It is noted that when the gear reducer works, the temperature inside the gear reducer is generally 40 ℃ to 80 ℃, and the gas easy to expand due to heat is filled in the gas storage bag 63, for example, carbon dioxide gas with a certain concentration is filled in the gas storage bag 63, namely, when the gear reducer works, the gas storage bag 63 expands and gradually extrudes the second I-shaped block 64, the extrusion force enables the second I-shaped block 64 to overcome the elastic force of elastic connection with the second mounting groove 62 and move away from the gas storage bag 63, in the process, the gas inside the oil storage groove 68 is sucked into the second mounting groove 62 through the second connecting pipe 66 and is positioned on the right side of the second partition plate 65, external air enters the second mounting groove 62 through the connecting hole 610, so that the normal running of the movement of the second I-shaped block 64 is ensured, and after the gas enters the second mounting groove 62 through the second connecting pipe 66, the extrusion force of the gas inside the extrusion block 67 on the lubricating oil storage groove 68 is gradually overcome, namely, when the gear reducer works, the extrusion force of the lubricating oil inside the extrusion block 67 on the extrusion block 68 does not move away from the lubricating oil groove 68, the lubricating oil inside the extrusion block 68 is not carried out on the second connecting pipe 66, the lubricating oil does not enter the sealing groove 52 through the third connecting pipe 69, and the sliding block 52 is prevented from entering the sealing groove 52, and the normal running problem is avoided;

when the gear reducer stops working, the gas in the air storage bag body 63 is restored to be original, the extrusion force of the second I-shaped block 64 disappears, the elastic force of the elastic deformation of the second I-shaped block 64 and the second mounting groove 62 restores the second I-shaped block 64 to a generating state, the gas in the second mounting groove 62 is gradually extruded, the extrusion force enables the gas to enter the second mounting groove 62 through the second connecting pipe 66 to extrude the extrusion block 67, the extrusion force enables the extrusion block 67 to overcome the elastic force between the extrusion block 67 and the second mounting groove 62 to extrude the lubricating oil in the oil storage groove 68, the extrusion force enables the lubricating oil to enter the sliding groove 52 through the third connecting pipe 69 to extrude the sliding block 53, the extrusion force enables the sliding block 53 to overcome the elastic force between the sliding block 53 and the sliding groove 52 to move away from the connecting groove 54, and normal operation of subsequent work is ensured;

it should be noted that, the inner diameter of the connecting hole 610 is the same as that of the second connecting pipe 66, the amount of gas entering the second connecting pipe 66 is the same during the resetting process of the second i-shaped block 64, and when the lubricant in the sliding groove 52 is added, the extruded block 67 does not move any more, the gas in the second mounting groove 62 located on the right side of the second partition 65 is discharged through the connecting hole 610, so that the second i-shaped block 64 can return to the original state normally, and it should be noted that, if the lubricant in the oil storage groove 68 does not block the extruded block 67, the amount of gas entering the oil storage groove 68 located on the left side of the extruded block 67 can make the extruded block 67 move to the position where the third connecting pipe 69 can be, and as the oiling operation is performed, i.e. the amount of lubricant in the oil storage groove 68 is reduced, the amount of gas extruded into the second mounting groove 62 increases during the resetting process of the second i.e. the extruded block 64, so that the normal operation of the extruding operation of the lubricant in the oil storage groove 68 is ensured.

Referring to fig. 9, an oil storage tank 11 is provided in the middle of the oil storage chamber 8, the inner diameter of the oil storage tank 11 is larger than the inner diameter of the oil storage chamber 8, a second communicating pipe 12 is provided in the inner part of the oil storage chamber 8 near the oil storage tank 11, and a second arc-shaped elastic sheet 13 is installed on the side surface of the second communicating pipe 12 near the oil storage tank 11;

after the lubricating oil enters the inside of the oil storage cavity 8 through the connecting groove 54, the second arc-shaped elastic piece 13 is extruded to enable the lubricating oil to elastically deform in a direction away from the oil storage cavity 8, the area of the oil storage cavity 11 is increased, the problem of increasing the oil storage capacity of the oil storage cavity 11 is solved, the problem that the extruding force of the second arc-shaped elastic piece 13 on the lubricating oil inside the oil storage cavity 11 is smaller than the resistance of the oil drain hole 9 on the lubricating oil is worth noting, the problem that the lubricating oil inside the oil storage cavity 8 is extruded by the elastic force of the elastic deformation of the second arc-shaped elastic piece 13 is avoided, when the lubricating oil is lack in the inside of the oil storage cavity 8, the elastic force of the elastic deformation of the second arc-shaped elastic piece 13 is used for extruding the lubricating oil inside the oil storage cavity 11 into the inside of the oil storage cavity 8 to supplement the lubricating oil for the inside of the oil storage cavity 8, the inner diameter of the oil storage cavity 8 is smaller through the arrangement, the inner diameter of the oil storage cavity 11 is larger than the inner diameter of the oil storage cavity 8, the quantity of the lubricating oil stored in a single time of the oil storage cavity 8 is reduced, and the high efficiency of the lubricating oil utilization is guaranteed due to the fact that the centrifugal force flows out of the lubricating oil inside the oil storage cavity 8 when the rotating shaft 2 is controlled, and the inside the lubricating oil inside the oil storage cavity 8 is restored under the action of the elastic force of the second arc-shaped elastic piece 13, and the lubricating oil is rapidly lack in the inside the oil storage cavity 8.

The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; these modifications or substitutions do not depart from the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a self-lubricating gear structure of gear reducer, includes speed reducer case (1), a plurality of pivot (2) of installing in speed reducer case (1) medial surface through bearing piece (4), fixed mounting gear (3) on pivot (2), its characterized in that still includes:

the oil storage device comprises an oil storage cavity (8) which is arranged in a rotating shaft (2) and corresponds to the position of a gear (3), a bearing sleeve (7) for placing balls is arranged in the middle of a bearing piece (4), oil drain holes (9) which are uniformly distributed are respectively formed in the positions of the inner side surface of the oil storage cavity (8) corresponding to the gear (3) and the bearing sleeve (7), oil storage microstructures (10) are respectively arranged on the side surfaces of tooth blocks on the gear (3), and one end of each oil drain hole (9) is positioned between every two tooth blocks on the gear (3);

the oil supplementing assembly (5) is arranged on the rotating shaft (2) and is close to the bearing part (4) and is used for supplementing lubricating oil into the oil storage cavity (8);

the oil supplementing assembly (5) comprises a first shell (51), the first shell (51) is arranged at the end part of the rotating shaft (2), a sliding groove (52) is formed in the first shell (51), a sliding block (53) is elastically installed in the sliding groove (52) in a sliding mode, a connecting groove (54) used for communicating the first shell (51) with the oil storage cavity (8) is formed in the inner side face of the sliding groove (52) close to the bearing part (4), an adjusting part is arranged at the position, close to the bearing sleeve (7), of the inner part of the bearing part (4), the connecting groove (54) is in an opening state when lubricating oil is lacking in the inner part of the oil storage cavity (8), and an auxiliary assembly (6) is arranged at the position, close to the first shell (51), of the outer side face of the speed reducer case (1) and used for supplementing lubricating oil for the inner part of the first shell (51).

2. The self-lubricating gear structure of a gear reducer according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting member comprises a first mounting groove (55) which is formed in the inside of the reducer case (1) and corresponds to the position of the connecting groove (54), a sealing block (56) is elastically and slidably mounted on the inner top surface of the first mounting groove (55), the lower portion of the side surface of the sealing block (56) close to the sliding groove (57) is in an inclined surface shape, and a clamping member is arranged at the position of the side surface of the first mounting groove (55) close to the sealing block (56) and used for limiting the position of the sealing block (56).

3. The self-lubricating gear structure of a gear reducer according to claim 2, wherein the clamping piece comprises a sliding groove (57) which is formed in the side face of the first mounting groove (55) and is close to the position of the sealing block (56), the inner side face of the sliding groove (57) is elastically connected with a first I-shaped block (58), a first partition plate (59) which is fixedly connected with the sliding groove (57) is inserted in the middle of the side face of the middle connecting rod of the first I-shaped block (58), the position, corresponding to the first I-shaped block (58), of the side face of the sealing block (56) is formed in the limiting groove (5112), and a driving piece is arranged in the position, close to the bearing sleeve (7), of the bearing piece (4) and used for driving the first I-shaped block (58) to move.

4. A self-lubricating gear structure of a gear reducer according to claim 3, characterized in that the two side faces of the end of the first i-shaped block (58) are both rotatably connected with uniformly distributed rolling balls (512).

5. The self-lubricating gear structure of a gear reducer according to claim 3, wherein the driving member comprises air storage grooves (513), the air storage grooves (513) are uniformly formed in the inner side surfaces of the bearing sleeves (7), first arc-shaped elastic sheets (514) are fixedly arranged at positions, corresponding to the bearing sleeves (7), of the inner side surfaces of the bearing members (4), first communicating grooves (515) are formed in positions, close to the bearing sleeves (7), of the inner side surfaces of the bearing members (4), first exhaust holes (516) are formed in the side surfaces, close to the first communicating grooves (515), of the air storage grooves (513), the inner radial direction, close to the first communicating grooves (515), of the first exhaust holes (516) is gradually reduced, first transition sections (517) are formed in the side surfaces of the first communicating grooves (515), the first communicating grooves (515) are connected with the first transition sections (517) through the first exhaust holes (516), and the side surfaces of the first communicating grooves (515) are connected with first connecting pipes (511) used for communicating the first communicating grooves (515) with the sliding grooves (57).

6. The self-lubricating gear structure of a gear reducer according to claim 5, wherein the bearing member (4) is provided with a second communicating groove (518) at a position where the inner side surface is close to the first connecting pipe (511), the inner side surface of the second communicating groove (518) is provided with a second exhaust hole (5111), the inner radial direction of the second exhaust hole (5111) is gradually reduced in a direction close to the air storage groove (513), the side surface of the air storage groove (513) is provided with a second transition section (5110), the air storage groove (513) is communicated with the second communicating groove (518) through the second exhaust hole (5111) and the second transition section (5110), and the side surface of the second communicating groove (518) is connected with the first connecting pipe (519).

7. The self-lubricating gear structure of a gear reducer according to claim 5, wherein a through hole (510) is formed through the inner side surface of the first i-shaped block (58) near the first connecting pipe (511), and the inner diameter of the through hole (510) is smaller than the inner diameter of the first connecting pipe (511).

8. The self-lubricating gear structure of a gear reducer according to claim 7, wherein the auxiliary assembly (6) comprises a second shell (61), the second shell (61) is fixedly installed at a position, close to the first shell (51), of the side face of the reducer case (1), an oil storage groove (68) is formed in the second shell (61), an extrusion block (67) is elastically and slidably connected to the side face of the oil storage groove (68), a third connecting pipe (69) is connected to a position, close to the first shell (51), of the inner side face of the oil storage groove (68), the third connecting pipe (69) is composed of a pipeline and a one-way valve, and the oil storage groove (68) is connected with the sliding groove (52) in a communicating mode through the third connecting pipe (69).

9. The self-lubricating gear structure of a gear reducer according to claim 8, wherein the auxiliary assembly (6) further comprises a second mounting groove (62) which is formed in the second housing (61) and is close to the oil storage groove (68), the inner side surface of the second mounting groove (62) is connected with the air storage bag body (63), the side wall of the second housing (61) close to the reducer case (1) is made of a heat conducting material, the second mounting groove (62) is elastically and slidably connected with a second I-shaped block (64) at the position close to the air storage bag body (63), a second partition plate (65) fixedly connected with the second mounting groove (62) is inserted in the middle of the side surface of the second I-shaped block (64), a second connecting pipe (66) is connected with the inner top surface of the second mounting groove (62) close to the right side of the second partition plate (65), the oil storage groove (68) is connected with the second mounting groove (62) in a communicating mode through the second connecting pipe (66), and the bottom surface of the second mounting groove (62) is close to the second connecting pipe (610).

10. The self-lubricating gear structure of a gear reducer according to claim 1, wherein an oil storage tank (11) is provided in the middle of the oil storage cavity (8), the inner diameter of the oil storage tank (11) is larger than the inner diameter of the oil storage cavity (8), a second communicating pipe (12) is provided in the position, close to the oil storage tank (11), of the inner portion of the oil storage cavity (8), and a second arc-shaped elastic sheet (13) is installed in the position, close to the oil storage tank (11), of the side surface of the second communicating pipe (12).