CN117187738A - Process method for vapor deposition of chromium-aluminum diffusion layer on inner and outer surfaces of hollow blade - Google Patents
Process method for vapor deposition of chromium-aluminum diffusion layer on inner and outer surfaces of hollow blade Download PDFInfo
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- CN117187738A CN117187738A CN202311464768.XA CN202311464768A CN117187738A CN 117187738 A CN117187738 A CN 117187738A CN 202311464768 A CN202311464768 A CN 202311464768A CN 117187738 A CN117187738 A CN 117187738A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- QRRWWGNBSQSBAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;chromium Chemical group [AlH3].[Cr] QRRWWGNBSQSBAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005269 aluminizing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005254 chromizing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007613 slurry method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a process method for vapor deposition of a chromium aluminized layer on the inner surface and the outer surface of a hollow blade, which comprises the following steps: placing an air guide tool for placing parts on a support of a reaction chamber station, and placing an internal Al generator on the reaction chamber station; after the external Al generator and the reaction chamber reach the temperature, the HCl gas of the external Al generator and aluminum particles in the external Al generator form aluminized gas with the capability of reacting on the surface of the part, and the aluminized gas is connected with a carrier gas H of a main gas pipeline 2 After mixing, entering a reaction chamber; the mixed gas entering the reaction chamber reacts with aluminum particles and chromium particles in the internal Al generator through the internal Al generator to generate active aluminum atoms and active chromium atoms; under the low pressure state, the active aluminum atoms and the active chromium atoms react with the surface of the part chemically to form a chromium-rich aluminum infiltration layer; according to the technical scheme, the chromium-aluminum infiltration layer with uniform thickness and components can be obtained on the inner cavity and the outer surface, and the service life of the blade is effectively prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hollow blade heat treatment, in particular to a process method for vapor deposition of a chromium-aluminum diffusion layer on the inner surface and the outer surface of a hollow blade.
Background
In the process for preparing the chromium-aluminum diffusion layer on the surface of the metal material, the process method mainly adopts an embedding method and a slurry method. The embedding method adopts chromium-aluminum penetrant and activator to mix according to proportion, uniformly stir and embed the workpiece in the penetrant after activation treatment, and prepares the permeated layer at a certain temperature. The slurry method is to mix chromium-aluminum penetrant and activator in proportion, add proper binder to prepare spraying slurry, then use spraying or brushing mode to coat the slurry on the surface to be permeated of the workpiece, dry the coated slurry layer, then put it into a pit furnace or vacuum furnace, keep the temperature for proper time at a certain temperature, and then obtain the needed permeated layer in the slurry layer coating area. The common disadvantage of both methods is that: 1. the preparation requirements of chromium-aluminum diffusion layers of the inner cavities of the hollow blades with the complex cavities and the air-cooling pore channels cannot be met; 2. the control level of the seepage layer preparation process is low; 3. the process for adjusting the chromium and aluminum contents in the seepage layer is complex. In order to solve the above problems, the present technology has been developed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a process method for vapor deposition of a chromium-aluminum diffusion layer on the inner and outer surfaces of a hollow blade; the specific technical scheme is as follows:
the technological process of depositing chromizing and aluminizing layer on the inner and outer surfaces of hollow vane includes the following steps:
step one: the Al generator is divided into an external Al generator and an internal Al generator; chromium particles are placed in an inner Al generator, and aluminum particles are placed in an outer Al generator and an inner Al generator in a flat-laid manner;
step two: pre-treating and cleaning the parts;
removing oxide skin and other attachments on the surface of a part by adopting a liquid sand blowing machine, wherein the sand grain size of corundum sand in the liquid sand blowing machine is 120-220 meshes, and the working pressure is 0.2-0.5 MPa;
cleaning the parts by adopting an ultrasonic cleaning method, wherein sand grains and residues are avoided after the parts are cleaned;
step three: placing an air guide tool for placing parts on a support of a reaction chamber station, wherein an air inlet pipe of the air guide tool is connected with an air outlet hole on a support plate of the reaction chamber station;
step four: placing an internal Al generator on a reaction chamber station;
step five: heating an external Al generator and a reaction chamber, heating the external Al generator to 200-400 ℃, and heating the reaction chamber to 900-1100 ℃; introducing H into external Al generator 2 And HCl gas, H 2 The flow is 2L/min-10L/min, and the HCl flow is 2L/min-2.5L/min; wherein HCl gas is a reaction gas, H 2 Is a carrier gas; simultaneously introducing H from the main gas pipeline into the reaction chamber 2 This way H 2 The method has two functions, namely, before the deposition of active aluminum atoms and active chromium atoms, the surfaces of chromium particles, aluminum particles and parts in the reaction chamber are purified; secondly, the HCl gas is used as carrier gas and is mixed with the gas passing through an external Al generator to control the HCl gas to be in HCl and H 2 Proportion in the mixed gas; h 2 The flow rate of the water is 20-30L/min and L/min;
step six: after the external Al generator and the reaction chamber reach the temperature, the HCl gas of the external Al generator and aluminum particles in the external Al generator form aluminized gas with the capability of reacting on the surface of the part, and the aluminized gas is connected with a carrier gas H of a main gas pipeline 2 After mixing, entering a reaction chamber; the mixed gas entering the reaction chamber reacts with aluminum particles and chromium particles in the internal Al generator through the internal Al generator to generate active aluminum atoms and active chromium atoms; under the low pressure state, the active aluminum atoms and the active chromium atoms react with the surface of the part chemically to form a chromium-rich aluminum infiltration layer; when the reaction chamber reaches 900-1100 ℃, the deposition time of active aluminum atoms and active chromium atoms is 120-180 min, and the pressure in the reaction chamber is 150-250 mbar;
step seven: after the active aluminum atoms and the active chromium atoms are deposited, the reaction chamber stops heating, and simultaneously, the HCl gas is stopped being introduced into the external Al generator, and the H is still introduced into the external Al generator 2 A gas;
step eight: stopping introducing H into the external Al generator when the temperature of the reaction chamber is reduced to below 500 DEG C 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the H introduced into the main gas pipeline 2 Stopping, switching to introducing N into the main gas pipeline 2 Or Ar, cooling;
step nine: and taking out the part after the temperature of the reaction chamber is reduced to below 80 ℃, and then putting the part into a vacuum furnace for annealing treatment, wherein the annealing temperature is 1000-1050 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2-3 h.
In the first step, the placement amount of aluminum particles and chromium particles is determined according to the furnace loading amount, the infiltration depth and the technological parameters.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
(1) A complete, continuous and compact chroming-aluminizing layer can be formed on the inner cavity and the outer surface of the blade;
(2) The chromium-aluminum infiltration layer has higher uniformity on the inner cavity cooling channel and the outer surface, and the thickness is basically consistent;
(3) The chemical heat treatment method is not limited by the shape and structure of the manufactured part, and has strong process adaptability;
(4) The process method can solve the problems of hole blocking and difficult cleaning of the penetrating agent in the traditional chromizing aluminum process;
(5) The cost of the needed raw materials is low, the process is simple, and the production efficiency is high;
(6) The chromium and aluminum content in the chromium-aluminum infiltration layer can be controlled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the structure morphology of the chromia-aluminized layer in example 2.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited by the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The technological process of depositing chromizing and aluminizing layer on the inner and outer surfaces of hollow vane includes the following steps:
step one: the Al generator is divided into an external Al generator and an internal Al generator; chromium particles are placed in an inner Al generator, and aluminum particles are placed in an outer Al generator and an inner Al generator in a flat-laid manner; the placement amount of the aluminum particles and the chromium particles is determined according to the furnace loading amount, the infiltration layer depth and the technological parameters, so as to ensure sufficient infiltration agent supply.
Step two: pre-treating and cleaning the parts; removing oxide skin and other attachments on the surface of a part by adopting a liquid sand blowing machine, wherein the sand grain size of corundum sand in the liquid sand blowing machine is 120 meshes, and the working pressure is 0.2MPa; the ultrasonic cleaning method is adopted to clean the parts, and sand grains and residues are avoided after the parts are cleaned;
step three: placing an air guide tool for placing parts on a support of a reaction chamber station, wherein an air inlet pipe of the air guide tool is connected with an air outlet hole on a support plate of the reaction chamber station;
step four: placing an internal Al generator on a reaction chamber station;
step five: heating an external Al generator and a reaction chamber, wherein the external Al generator is heated to 200 ℃, and the reaction chamber is heated to 900 ℃; introducing H into external Al generator 2 And HCl gas, H 2 The flow is 2L/min, and the HCl flow is 2L/min; wherein HCl gas is a reaction gas, H 2 Is a carrier gas; simultaneously introducing H from the main gas pipeline into the reaction chamber 2 ，H 2 The flow rate of the water is 20-30L/min and L/min;
step six: after the external Al generator and the reaction chamber reach the temperature, the HCl gas of the external Al generator and aluminum particles in the external Al generator form aluminized gas with the capability of reacting on the surface of the part, and the aluminized gas is connected with a carrier gas H of a main gas pipeline 2 After mixing, entering a reaction chamber; the mixed gas entering the reaction chamber reacts with aluminum particles and chromium particles in the internal Al generator through the internal Al generator to generate active aluminum atoms and active chromium atoms; under the low pressure state, the active aluminum atoms and the active chromium atoms react with the surface of the part chemically to form a chromium-rich aluminum infiltration layer; the deposition time of the active aluminum atoms and the active chromium atoms is 120min when the temperature of the reaction chamber reaches 900 ℃, and the pressure in the reaction chamber is 150 mbar;
step seven: after the active aluminum atoms and the active chromium atoms are deposited, the reaction chamber stops heating, and simultaneously, the HCl gas is stopped being introduced into the external Al generator, and the H is still introduced into the external Al generator 2 A gas;
step eight: stopping introducing H into the external Al generator when the temperature of the reaction chamber is reduced to below 500 DEG C 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the H introduced into the main gas pipeline 2 Stopping, switching to introducing N into the main gas pipeline 2 Or Ar, cooling；
Step nine: and taking out the part after the temperature of the reaction chamber is reduced to below 80 ℃, and then putting the part into a vacuum furnace for annealing treatment, wherein the annealing temperature is 1000 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2 hours.
Example 2
The technological process of depositing chromizing and aluminizing layer on the inner and outer surfaces of hollow vane includes the following steps:
step one: the Al generator is divided into an external Al generator and an internal Al generator; chromium particles are placed in an inner Al generator, and aluminum particles are placed in an outer Al generator and an inner Al generator in a flat-laid manner; the placement amount of the aluminum particles and the chromium particles is determined according to the furnace loading amount, the infiltration layer depth and the technological parameters, so as to ensure sufficient infiltration agent supply.
Step two: pre-treating and cleaning the parts;
removing oxide skin and other attachments on the surface of a part by adopting a liquid sand blowing machine, wherein the sand grain size of corundum sand in the liquid sand blowing machine is 220 meshes, and the working pressure is 0.5MPa;
cleaning the parts by adopting an ultrasonic cleaning method, wherein sand grains and residues are avoided after the parts are cleaned;
step three: placing an air guide tool for placing parts on a support of a reaction chamber station, wherein an air inlet pipe of the air guide tool is connected with an air outlet hole on a support plate of the reaction chamber station;
step four: placing an internal Al generator on a reaction chamber station;
step five: heating an external Al generator and a reaction chamber, wherein the external Al generator is heated to 400 ℃, and the reaction chamber is heated to 1100 ℃; introducing H into external Al generator 2 And HCl gas, H 2 The flow is 10L/min, and the HCl flow is 2.5L/min; wherein HCl gas is a reaction gas, H 2 Is a carrier gas; simultaneously introducing H from the main gas pipeline into the reaction chamber 2 ，H 2 The flow rate of the water is 30L/min;
step six: after the external Al generator and the reaction chamber reach the temperature, the HCl gas of the external Al generator and aluminum particles in the external Al generator form aluminized gas with the capability of reacting on the surface of the part, and the aluminized gas is connected with a carrier gas H of a main gas pipeline 2 After mixing, entering a reaction chamber;the mixed gas entering the reaction chamber reacts with aluminum particles and chromium particles in the internal Al generator through the internal Al generator to generate active aluminum atoms and active chromium atoms; under the low pressure state, the active aluminum atoms and the active chromium atoms react with the surface of the part chemically to form a chromium-rich aluminum infiltration layer; the deposition time of the active aluminum atoms and the active chromium atoms is 180min when the reaction chamber reaches 1100 ℃, and the pressure in the reaction chamber is 250mbar;
step seven: after the active aluminum atoms and the active chromium atoms are deposited, the reaction chamber stops heating, and simultaneously, the HCl gas is stopped being introduced into the external Al generator, and the H is still introduced into the external Al generator 2 A gas;
step eight: stopping introducing H into the external Al generator when the temperature of the reaction chamber is reduced to below 500 DEG C 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the H introduced into the main gas pipeline 2 Stopping, switching to introducing N into the main gas pipeline 2 Or Ar, cooling;
step nine: and taking out the part after the temperature of the reaction chamber is reduced to below 80 ℃, and then putting the part into a vacuum furnace for annealing treatment, wherein the annealing temperature is 1050 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3 hours.
According to the process method of the inner and outer surfaces of the hollow core blade in the embodiment 2 for vapor deposition of the chromia-aluminizing layer, the structure morphology of the chromia-aluminizing layer in the figure 1 is obtained. Therefore, the process method can simultaneously prepare the chromium-aluminum infiltration layer on the inner surface and the outer surface of the hollow blade with the complex cavity, the infiltration layer components of the inner surface and the outer surface are equivalent, and the infiltration layer components are controllable. The thickness difference between the inner surface and the outer surface is controlled within 5 micrometers, and the protection effect is excellent.
Claims (1)
1. The technological process of depositing chromizing and aluminizing layer on the inner and outer surfaces of hollow vane is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step one: the Al generator is divided into an external Al generator and an internal Al generator; chromium particles are placed in an inner Al generator, and aluminum particles are placed in an outer Al generator and an inner Al generator in a flat-laid manner;
step two: pre-treating and cleaning the parts;
removing oxide skin and other attachments on the surface of a part by adopting a liquid sand blowing machine, wherein the sand grain size of corundum sand in the liquid sand blowing machine is 120-220 meshes, and the working pressure is 0.2-0.5 MPa;
cleaning the parts by adopting an ultrasonic cleaning method, wherein sand grains and residues are avoided after the parts are cleaned;
step three: placing an air guide tool for placing parts on a support of a reaction chamber station, wherein an air inlet pipe of the air guide tool is connected with an air outlet hole on a support plate of the reaction chamber station;
step four: placing an internal Al generator on a reaction chamber station;
step five: heating an external Al generator and a reaction chamber, heating the external Al generator to 200-400 ℃, and heating the reaction chamber to 900-1100 ℃; introducing H into external Al generator 2 And HCl gas, H 2 The flow is 2L/min-10L/min, and the HCl flow is 2L/min-2.5L/min; wherein HCl gas is a reaction gas, H 2 Is a carrier gas; simultaneously introducing H from the main gas pipeline into the reaction chamber 2 ，H 2 The flow rate of the water is 20-30L/min and L/min;
step six: after the external Al generator and the reaction chamber reach the temperature, the HCl gas of the external Al generator and aluminum particles in the external Al generator form aluminized gas with the capability of reacting on the surface of the part, and the aluminized gas is connected with a carrier gas H of a main gas pipeline 2 After mixing, entering a reaction chamber; the mixed gas entering the reaction chamber reacts with aluminum particles and chromium particles in the internal Al generator through the internal Al generator to generate active aluminum atoms and active chromium atoms; under the low pressure state, the active aluminum atoms and the active chromium atoms react with the surface of the part chemically to form a chromium-rich aluminum infiltration layer; when the reaction chamber reaches 900-1100 ℃, the deposition time of active aluminum atoms and active chromium atoms is 120-180 min, and the pressure in the reaction chamber is 150-250 mbar;
step seven: after the active aluminum atoms and the active chromium atoms are deposited, the reaction chamber stops heating, and simultaneously, the HCl gas is stopped being introduced into the external Al generator, and the H is still introduced into the external Al generator 2 A gas;
step eight: stopping introducing H into the external Al generator when the temperature of the reaction chamber is reduced to below 500 DEG C 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the H introduced into the main gas pipeline 2 Stopping, switching to introducing N into the main gas pipeline 2 Or Ar, cooling;
step nine: and taking out the part after the temperature of the reaction chamber is reduced to below 80 ℃, and then putting the part into a vacuum furnace for annealing treatment, wherein the annealing temperature is 1000-1050 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2-3 h.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311464768.XA CN117187738A (en) | 2023-11-07 | 2023-11-07 | Process method for vapor deposition of chromium-aluminum diffusion layer on inner and outer surfaces of hollow blade |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311464768.XA CN117187738A (en) | 2023-11-07 | 2023-11-07 | Process method for vapor deposition of chromium-aluminum diffusion layer on inner and outer surfaces of hollow blade |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4687684A (en) * | 1984-11-29 | 1987-08-18 | The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Britannic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland | Process for diffusion coating metals |
| WO2010048932A1 (en) * | 2008-10-28 | 2010-05-06 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | High-temperature anti-corrosive layer and method for the production thereof |
| CN112430802A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-03-02 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method and device for cleaning fluorine ions of blades with complex inner cavities and preparing aluminide coatings |
| CN116200726A (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2023-06-02 | 无锡透平叶片有限公司 | Method for chemical vapor deposition of AlCr coating on surface of nickel-based superalloy |
-
2023
- 2023-11-07 CN CN202311464768.XA patent/CN117187738A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4687684A (en) * | 1984-11-29 | 1987-08-18 | The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Britannic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland | Process for diffusion coating metals |
| WO2010048932A1 (en) * | 2008-10-28 | 2010-05-06 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | High-temperature anti-corrosive layer and method for the production thereof |
| CN112430802A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-03-02 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method and device for cleaning fluorine ions of blades with complex inner cavities and preparing aluminide coatings |
| CN116200726A (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2023-06-02 | 无锡透平叶片有限公司 | Method for chemical vapor deposition of AlCr coating on surface of nickel-based superalloy |
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