CN117185716A - Impact-resistant concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Impact-resistant concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117185716A CN117185716A CN202310957808.8A CN202310957808A CN117185716A CN 117185716 A CN117185716 A CN 117185716A CN 202310957808 A CN202310957808 A CN 202310957808A CN 117185716 A CN117185716 A CN 117185716A
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920006150 hyperbranched polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004841 bisphenol A epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-ol;titanium Chemical compound [Ti].CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical class C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
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- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 4
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- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N epsilon-caprolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCN1 JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phthalic anhydride Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical group CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 2
- BNCOGDMUGQWFQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(ethenyl)silicon Chemical group C=C[Si](C=C)C=C BNCOGDMUGQWFQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OHVLMTFVQDZYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-2-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)C(CN1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)=O OHVLMTFVQDZYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002969 artificial stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005313 fatty acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical group C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- DGVVJWXRCWCCOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene;hydrate Chemical compound O.C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 DGVVJWXRCWCCOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of concrete, and particularly discloses impact-resistant concrete and a preparation method thereof. The impact-resistant concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-200 parts of cement, 400-500 parts of coarse aggregate, 200-400 parts of fine aggregate and water100-300 parts of water reducer 3-20 parts, mixed fiber material 60-100 parts and modified epoxy resin 40-60 parts; the mixed fiber material is a mixture of steel fibers and organic fibers; the modified epoxy resin is SiO 2 The impact strength, the 7d compressive strength and the 28d compressive strength of the prepared concrete are respectively 50.1MPa, 37.5MPa and 59.9MPa, so that the impact resistance of the concrete is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of concrete, in particular to impact-resistant concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The concrete is an artificial stone which is prepared by uniformly stirring, compacting, shaping, curing and hardening a cementing material, granular aggregate (also called aggregate), water and additives and admixtures added when necessary according to a certain proportion.
The concrete has the advantages of abundant raw materials, easy material obtaining, easy molding, low price and capability of being combined with steel to prepare various bearing members, so that the concrete is widely applied in the engineering field. However, the concrete is easy to break and fall off under the impact load, and along with the development of engineering economy, the requirements on engineering quality are higher and higher, and particularly, the requirements on the impact resistance of the concrete are also improved continuously. Therefore, designing a concrete having excellent impact resistance is an urgent problem in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the impact resistance of concrete, the application provides impact-resistant concrete and a preparation method thereof.
In a first aspect, the present application provides an impact-resistant concrete, which adopts the following technical scheme:
an impact-resistant concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-200 parts of cement, 400-500 parts of coarse aggregate, 200-400 parts of fine aggregate, 100-300 parts of water, 3-20 parts of water reducer, 60-100 parts of mixed fiber material and 40-60 parts of modified epoxy resin;
the mixed fiber material is a mixture of steel fibers and organic fibers;
the modified epoxy resin is SiO 2 Modified epoxy resins.
The application relates to impact-resistant concrete, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-200 parts of cement, 400-500 parts of coarse aggregate, 200-400 parts of fine aggregate, 100-300 parts of water, 3-20 parts of water reducer, 60-100 parts of mixed fiber material, 40-60 parts of modified epoxy resin, and the concrete raw material can be any value in the respective range, and can improve the impact resistance of concrete, and when 150 parts of cement, 450 parts of coarse aggregate, 300 parts of fine aggregate, 200 parts of water, 12 parts of water reducer, 80 parts of mixed fiber material, 50 parts of modified epoxy resin and the effect is optimal.
By adopting the technical scheme, cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and water are used as concrete base materials, and a water reducing agent, a mixed fiber material and modified epoxy resin are used as reinforcing materials, wherein the water reducing agent can have a dispersing effect, has functions of water retention, superplasticizing, water reduction and enhancement, and can improve the compressive strength and the impact strength of concrete; the mixed fiber material can improve the defect of brittle concrete, improve the toughness of the concrete and effectively improve the shock resistance of the concrete; meanwhile, the water reducer can enable the fiber concrete to have good working performance, improve workability of the fiber concrete, improve early strength of the concrete and prevent early cracking of the concrete.
The fiber mainly plays a role in bridging cracks and relieving stress concentration at the tip of the cracks in the concrete, and the mixture of the steel fiber and the organic fiber is used as a mixed fiber material, so that a synergistic effect can be achieved in the concrete, the performance advantages among the fibers are complementary, the reinforcement and the toughening can be carried out step by step in different structural layers and loading stages, the hybrid effect and the scale effect of the fiber are exerted, and the tensile and impact resistance of the fiber are enhanced. The steel fiber effectively reduces the stress concentration at the initial defect in the concrete matrix, and inhibits the generation and the expansion of cracks through the bridging effect; the organic fiber mainly improves the internal structure of the concrete, effectively eliminates or reduces the occurrence and development of cracks in early concrete, passivates the stress concentration at the tip of the original crack, ensures that the stress field in the concrete matrix is more continuous and uniform, and simultaneously, the organic fiber bridges microcracks distributed in the concrete and inhibits the microcracks from developing into macroscopic cracks.
SiO is adopted as the modified epoxy resin 2 The modified epoxy resin of the (2) improves the epoxy resin and the nano SiO 2 Interface binding force is increased by SiO 2 The dispersibility and dispersion stability in the matrix can well improve the viscosity and the dispersibility of the epoxy resin matrix, and can generate plastic deformation between particles and the matrix and absorb impact energy when the matrix is impacted, thereby achieving the effect of reinforcing and toughening and improving the impact resistance of the concrete.
Therefore, the raw materials are mutually matched, so that the synergistic effect is achieved, and the impact resistance of the concrete is improved.
As preferable: the SiO is 2 Modified epoxy resin according to SiO 2 The modified epoxy resin comprises 40-60 parts by weight of epoxy resin and nano SiO 2 20-40 parts of water-based curing agent, 10-15 parts of reactive diluent, 3-10 parts of silane coupling agent, 10-30 parts of acetone, 0.5-5 parts of vinyl monomer, 10-20 parts of initiator, 0.5-3 parts of emulsifier, 5-10 parts of emulsifier and 10-15 parts of water.
SiO of the application 2 The modified epoxy resin comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of epoxy resin and nano SiO 2 20-40 parts of water-based curing agent, 10-15 parts of reactive diluent, 3-10 parts of silane coupling agent, 10-30 parts of acetone, 0.5-5 parts of vinyl monomer, 10-20 parts of initiator, 0.5-3 parts of emulsifier, 5-10 parts of water, 10-15 parts of SiO and the like 2 The modified epoxy resin raw material can be any value in the respective range, and can improve the impact resistance of the concrete.
As preferable: the SiO is 2 The preparation method of the modified epoxy resin comprises the following steps:
(1) Silane coupling agent and nano SiO 2 Mixing with acetone, heating to 40-70deg.C, stirring, washing, and drying to obtain silane modified SiO 2 ；
(2) Under alkaline condition, silane is modified into SiO 2 Adding the mixture and an emulsifier into water, performing ultrasonic dispersion, adding vinyl monomers and an initiator, mixing, and reacting at 75-95 ℃ to obtain vinyl polymer coated nano SiO 2 ；
(3) Coating nano SiO on vinyl polymer 2 Adding epoxy resin and reactive diluent, mixing, adding aqueous curing agent, and standing.
By adopting the technical scheme, silane is modified into nano SiO 2 Coating with vinyl polymer, then combining with epoxy resin, and adopting silane coupling agent to make nano SiO 2 Surface treatment is carried out, so that the epoxy resin and nano SiO are improved 2 Interface binding force is increased by SiO 2 Dispersibility and dispersion stability in matrix, and improved nanoparticleCompatibility with polymer, so that the composite material is mixed more uniformly, and the vinyl polymer coats the nano SiO 2 The modified epoxy resin is used for modifying the epoxy resin, and can well improve the viscosity and the dispersibility of the epoxy resin matrix, so that the flexibility of the material is improved, the reinforcing and toughening effects are facilitated, and the impact resistance of the concrete is further improved.
As preferable: the epoxy resin is carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester epoxy resin, and the preparation method of the carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester epoxy resin comprises the following steps:
(1) Under the protection of inert gas, adding 16-20kg of anhydride and 16-20kg of glycol into 150-190kg of methanol, heating to 30-50 ℃ for reaction under stirring, then adding 2-5kg of anhydride and 0.1-1kg of butyl titanate, heating to 50-80 ℃ for reaction, and then drying to obtain carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester;
(2) Adding 5-10kg of triethylamine and 100-140kg of epichlorohydrin into 100-130kg of acetonitrile, heating to 55-75 ℃ for reaction, adding 80-120kg of bisphenol A epoxy resin and 5-15kg of diethylenetriamine, and heating to 75-85 ℃ for reaction to obtain the carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, epoxy is terminal carboxyl hyperbranched polyester epoxy, because there is a large amount of free volumes in the hyperbranched polyester molecule, can absorb and alleviate impact energy, and the carboxyl end can make terminal carboxyl hyperbranched polyester and epoxy can be fine compatible for terminal carboxyl hyperbranched polyester epoxy's crosslink density increases, increases solubility and reduces viscosity, absorbs impact energy when concrete is impacted simultaneously, thereby reaches the purpose of toughening, consequently, can further improve the impact resistance of concrete.
As preferable: the weight ratio of the water reducer to the mixed fiber material is 1: (8-10).
By adopting the technical scheme, the weight ratio of the water reducer to the mixed fiber material is adjusted, so that the impact resistance of the concrete is further improved.
As preferable: the organic fiber is a mixture of polypropylene fiber and polyvinyl alcohol fiber.
By adopting the technical scheme, the polypropylene fiber has excellent early crack resistance and later-period crack resistance, aims at large and small cracks, strengthens the compactness of concrete, and can form a disordered supporting system in the concrete, so that the plastic shrinkage and dry shrinkage crack formation of the concrete can be effectively prevented, namely the crack resistance of the polyvinyl alcohol fiber mainly aims at small and large cracks, the polypropylene fiber and the polyvinyl alcohol fiber have small elastic modulus and large number and have extremely large deformation elongation, a large amount of energy is consumed in the tensile deformation elongation process, and the two are matched to radically prevent the crack of the concrete, so that the impact toughness is improved.
Therefore, the steel fiber, the polypropylene fiber and the polyvinyl alcohol fiber are cooperatively matched to play the reinforcing and toughening effects, so that the impact resistance of the concrete is further improved.
As preferable: the weight ratio of the polypropylene fiber to the polyvinyl alcohol fiber is (2-4): 1.
by adopting the technical scheme, the weight ratio of the polypropylene fiber to the polyvinyl alcohol fiber is adjusted, so that the impact resistance of the concrete is further improved.
As preferable: the water reducer is a polycarboxylate water reducer.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, use polycarboxylate water reducer in the concrete, can prevent concrete slump loss and not arouse obvious retarder, the mobility is good to the concrete reinforcing effect is showing to improve the shock resistance of concrete.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing an impact resistant concrete according to any one of the above.
The preparation method of the impact-resistant concrete comprises the following operation steps: adding coarse aggregate and fine aggregate, stirring, adding cement and steel fiber, stirring, adding organic fiber, adding water, stirring, and finally adding modified epoxy resin and water reducer, and mixing.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
(1) The application adjusts the cement and the thick boneThe raw materials of the material, fine aggregate, water reducing agent, mixed fiber material and modified epoxy resin are mixed, the mixed fiber is controlled to be a mixture of organic fiber and steel fiber, and the epoxy resin is modified to SiO 2 The epoxy resin was modified so that the impact strength, 7d compressive strength and 28d compressive strength of the concrete were 50.1MPa, 37.5MPa and 59.9MPa, respectively.
(2) According to the application, the types and weight ratio of the organic fibers and the steel fibers are regulated, so that the steel fibers, the polypropylene fibers and the polyvinyl alcohol fibers can be cooperatively matched to prevent concrete from cracking, the reinforcing and toughening effects of the concrete are exerted, the impact resistance of the concrete is further improved, and the impact strength, the 7d compressive strength and the 28d compressive strength of the concrete are 46.5MPa, 34.8MPa and 54.5MPa respectively.
(3) According to the application, the weight ratio of the water reducer to the mixed fiber material is regulated, so that the impact resistance of the concrete is further improved, and the impact resistance, the 7d compression strength and the 28d compression strength of the concrete are 47.65MPa, 36.1MPa and 57.1MPa respectively. When the water reducer is further regulated to be the polycarboxylate water reducer, the impact resistance of the concrete is further improved, and the impact strength, the 7d compressive strength and the 28d compressive strength of the concrete are respectively 48.6MPa, 37.1MPa and 59.1MPa.
(4) The application uses SiO 2 The modified epoxy resin improves the viscosity and the dispersibility of the epoxy resin matrix, and selects the epoxy resin as carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester epoxy resin, so that the impact resistance of the concrete is further improved, and the impact strength, the 7d compressive strength and the 28d compressive strength of the concrete are respectively 50.1MPa, 37.5MPa and 59.9MPa.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
The following raw materials are all commercial products, so that the raw materials of the application are fully disclosed, and the raw materials are not to be understood as limiting the sources of the raw materials. The method comprises the following steps:
the coarse aggregate adopts broken stone with the grain size of 5-15 mm; the fine aggregate adopts quartz sand, the mud content is 2%, and the mud block content is 0.2%The fineness modulus is 2.5; the cement adopts P.O42.5 ordinary Portland cement; the water reducer adopts a polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducer, the water reducing rate is 45%, the air content is 4.0%, and the naphthalene water reducer is also selected, the water reducing rate is 32%, and the air content is 2.2%; the steel fiber adopts an end hook type, the compressive strength is 800MPa, the length is 25mm, and the diameter is 0.75mm; the compressive strength of the polypropylene fiber is 1200MPa, and the length is 9mm; the compressive strength of the polyvinyl alcohol fiber is 500MPa, and the length is 5mm. The epoxy resin is E51, the epoxy equivalent (g/mol) is 184-195, and the viscosity (25 ℃) is 10000-16000 mPa.s; the bisphenol A type epoxy resin is 128, and the density (rho 25) is 1.36g/cm 3 Viscosity (25 ℃) is 10000-14000 mPa.s, content is 99%, and the product is industrial grade; caprolactam is selected as the water-based curing agent, and the density is 1.01g/cm 3 99.5% of the total weight of the composition; the reactive diluent is epichlorohydrin with the density of 1.18g/cm 3 99.5% of the total weight of the composition; the silane coupling agent is trivinyl silane, the model is A-151, and the density (rho 20) 1.0350 +/-0.005 g/cm 3 99% of content, industrial grade; butyl methacrylate is selected as the vinyl monomer, the density is 0.895g/cm < 3 >, the content is 99%, and the grade is industrial; the initiator is benzoyl peroxide, and the density (rho 25) is 1.16g/cm 3 99% of content, industrial grade; the emulsifier is fatty acid potassium soap with the content of 99 percent, and is of industrial grade; the anhydride is phthalic anhydride with 99 percent of content and is industrial grade.
The following is SiO 2 Preparation example of modified epoxy resin
Preparation example 1
SiO of preparation example 1 2 The modified epoxy resin is prepared through the following operation steps:
(1) 20kg of trivinylsilane is added into 2.6kg of acetone, stirred and mixed uniformly, and then 30kg of nano SiO is added 2 Heating to 55 ℃, reacting for 2 hours at 500 r/min, washing with methanol, and vacuum drying to obtain 28kg of silane modified SiO 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the (2) 28kg of silane modified SiO 2 And 8kg of fatty acid potassium soap were added to 13kg of water, 5kg of CaCO was added 3 Ultrasonic dispersing for 30min, adding 15kg butyl methacrylate and 1.7kg benzoyl peroxide, mixing and stirring uniformly, and reacting at 85 ℃ for 5h to obtain 20kg vinyl polymer coated nano SiO 2 ；
(3) Coating nano SiO on 20kg vinyl polymer 2 Adding 50kg of epoxy resin and 7kg of epichlorohydrin, mixing and stirring for 1h, adding 7kg of caprolactam, stirring for 30min, and standing for 6h to obtain the epoxy resin.
PREPARATION EXAMPLES 2-3
SiO of preparation examples 2 to 3 2 The modified epoxy resin was prepared in the same manner as in preparation example 1, except that in SiO 2 Vinyl polymer coated nano SiO in step (3) in preparation of modified epoxy resin 2 The vinyl polymer coats the nano SiO with different dosage 2 The amounts of the components (A) and (B) were 5kg and 10kg, and the amounts of the other raw material types were the same as those of preparation example 1.
Preparation example 4
SiO of preparation example 4 2 The modified epoxy resin was the same as the preparation method of preparation example 1 except that 50kg of epoxy resin was replaced with 50kg of carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester epoxy resin, and the other raw material types were mixed in the same amounts as in preparation example 1, wherein the preparation method of the carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester epoxy resin was as follows:
(1) At N 2 Under the protection of gas, adding 18kg of phthalic anhydride into 170kg of dimethyl sulfoxide, stirring and mixing uniformly at 500 r/min, adding 18kg of ethylene glycol while stirring, heating to 40 ℃ for reaction for 4 hours, then adding 4kg of phthalic anhydride and 0.6kg of butyl titanate, continuously heating to 65 ℃ for reaction for 2 hours, and then drying in vacuum for 12 hours to obtain 57kg of carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester;
(2) Adding 57kg of carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester into 115kg of acetonitrile, stirring uniformly at 500 rpm, adding 8kg of triethylamine and 120kg of epichlorohydrin while stirring, heating to 65 ℃ for reaction for 2.5 hours, adding 100kg of bisphenol A epoxy resin and 10kg of diethylenetriamine, and continuing heating to 80 ℃ for reaction for 1.5 hours to obtain 71kg of carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester epoxy resin.
Preparation examples 5 to 6
SiO of preparation examples 5 to 6 2 The modified epoxy resin was the same as the preparation method of preparation example 4, except that the amount of bisphenol A type epoxy resin used in the preparation of the carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester epoxy resin was 80kg and 120kg, and the amounts of the other raw material types were the same as those of preparation example 4.
Example 1
The impact resistant concrete of example 1 was prepared by the following preparation method:
according to the mixing amount of table 1, the organic fiber is stirred and dispersed uniformly for standby, the stirrer is started, the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate are added and mixed uniformly, then the cement and the steel fiber are added and mixed uniformly, the organic fiber which is mixed uniformly is added, then the water is added and mixed, finally the SiO is added 2 And uniformly mixing the modified epoxy resin and the water reducer to obtain the impact-resistant concrete. Wherein SiO is 2 The modified epoxy resin is SiO prepared in preparation example 1 2 Modified epoxy resins.
Examples 2 to 8
The impact-resistant concrete of examples 2 to 8 was prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that the amounts of the raw materials were varied, and the details are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 examples 1-8 amounts of raw materials (kg) for impact-resistant concrete
Examples 9 to 12
The impact-resistant concrete of examples 9-12 was prepared in the same manner as in example 7, except that the amount of water-reducing agent used in the amount of raw materials to be prepared was varied, and the kinds and amounts of the remaining raw materials were the same as in example 7, as shown in Table 2 in detail.
TABLE 2 mixing amount (kg) of raw materials for impact resistant concrete of examples 9 to 12
Example 13
The method for preparing impact-resistant concrete of example 13 is the same as that of example 11, except that naphthalene-based water reducer is replaced with polycarboxylate water reducer in the same amount, and the mixing amount of the other raw materials is the same as that of example 11.
Examples 14 to 15
The impact-resistant concretes of examples 14 to 15 were prepared in the same manner as in example 13, except that the amount of modified epoxy resin used was varied, siO 2 The amounts of the modified epoxy resins were 40kg and 60kg, respectively, and the amounts of the other raw material types were the same as in example 13.
Examples 16 to 20
The impact-resistant concretes of examples 16 to 20 were prepared in the same manner as in example 13, except that the modified epoxy resin was selected from the SiO's prepared in preparation examples 2 to 6 2 The amounts of the other raw materials used for the modified epoxy resin were the same as those used in example 13.
Comparative example 1
The impact-resistant concrete of comparative example 1 was prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that the polypropylene fiber was replaced with the steel fiber in the same amount, and the kind and blending amount of the remaining raw materials were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
The impact resistant concrete of comparative example 2 was prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that the steel fiber was replaced with polypropylene fiber in the same amount, and the kind and blending amount of the remaining raw materials were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 3
The impact-resistant concrete of comparative example 3 was prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that the amount of polypropylene fiber was 60kg, the amount of polyvinyl alcohol fiber was 20kg, no steel fiber was added, and the types and amounts of the remaining raw materials were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 4
The impact-resistant concrete of comparative example 4 was prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that the polypropylene fiber was replaced with carbon fiber in the same amount, and the types and blending amounts of the remaining raw materials were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 5
The impact-resistant concrete of comparative example 5 was prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that SiO was used 2 The modified epoxy resin was replaced with an unmodified epoxy resin in the same amount, and the types and amounts of the other raw materials were the same as those in example 1.
Performance detection
The impact-resistant concretes obtained in the different examples 1 to 20 and comparative examples 1 to 5 were respectively subjected to performance tests using the following test standards or methods, and the test results are shown in Table 3.
Impact strength, 7d compressive strength and 28d compressive strength: the impact strength, 7d compressive strength and 28d compressive strength of the impact-resistant concrete were measured with reference to GB/T50081-2002 Standard for test method for mechanical Properties of general concrete, and the measurement results are shown in Table 3.
Impact performance distribution uniformity test: randomly taking 30 points at different positions on the concrete after 28 days of solidification to test impact resistance, and then obtaining standard deviation of 30 data, wherein the standard deviation is more than 0.5 and is uneven in impact resistance distribution; the standard deviation is less than or equal to 0.5, and the impact property is uniformly distributed.
TABLE 3 results of Performance test of different impact resistant concretes
The test results in Table 3 show that the impact strength, 7d compressive strength and 28d compressive strength of the impact-resistant concrete obtained by the application are respectively 50.1MPa, 37.5MPa and 59.9MPa, and the impact-resistant concrete has higher mechanical properties, uniform impact property distribution and improved impact resistance.
In examples 1 to 3, the impact strength, 7d compressive strength and 28d compressive strength of the impact-resistant concrete obtained in example 1 were 44.9MPa, 32.9MPa and 50.7MPa, respectively, which are higher than those of examples 2 and 3, respectively, indicating that the impact resistance of the concrete was improved when the weight parts of the steel fiber and the organic fiber were controlled.
The test data of the properties of the impact resistant concrete of examples 4 to 8 show that the impact resistance, 7d compression resistance and 28d compression resistance of the concrete obtained in examples 6 to 8 are 45.9 to 46.5MPa, 34.1 to 34.8MPa and 53.1 to 54.5MPa, respectively, which are higher than those of examples 4 and 5, respectively, showing that when the weight parts of the polypropylene fiber and the polyvinyl alcohol fiber are controlled to be (2 to 4): and 1, the concrete is more suitable, and the impact resistance of the concrete is improved. The synergistic effect of the reinforced concrete and the organic fiber and the steel fiber can effectively prevent the generation and the expansion of concrete cracks, and the steel fiber and the polypropylene fiber and the polyvinyl alcohol fiber can play the roles of reinforcing and toughening, thereby being related to improving the impact resistance of the concrete.
In combination with the performance test data of the impact resistant concretes of examples 7 and examples 9 to 12, it was found that the impact resistance, 7d compressive strength and 28d compressive strength of the concretes obtained in examples 10 to 12 were 47.1 to 47.6MPa, 35.3 to 36.1MPa and 55.5 to 57.1MPa, respectively, which were higher than those of examples 7 and 9, respectively, when the ratio of the water reducing agent to the mixed fiber material in parts by weight was controlled to be 1: and (8-10) is more suitable, and the impact resistance of the concrete is improved. The water reducer can lead the fiber concrete to have good working performance, improve the workability of the fiber concrete, improve the early strength of the concrete and prevent the early cracking of the concrete.
The impact strength, 7d compressive strength and 28d compressive strength of the concrete obtained in example 13 are respectively 48.6MPa, 36.8MPa and 58.5MPa, which are higher than those of example 11 by combining the performance detection data of the impact-resistant concrete in example 11 and example 13, and the impact resistance of the concrete is improved when the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent. Possibly related to the obvious reinforcing effect of the polycarboxylate water reducer on concrete.
The impact strength, 7d compressive strength and 28d compressive strength of the concrete obtained in example 13 were 48.6MPa, 36.8MPa and 58.5MPa, respectively, which were higher than those of examples 14 to 15, in combination with the performance test data of the impact-resistant concrete of example 13 and examples 14 to 15, indicating that SiO in example 13 2 The mixing amount of the modified epoxy resin is proper, and the impact resistance of the concrete is improved. Possibly with SiO 2 The modified epoxy resin can improve the viscosity and the dispersibility of the epoxy resin matrix, and meanwhile, the increase of the crosslinking density of the carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester epoxy resin is beneficial to achieving the effect of reinforcing and toughening the concrete, and further improves the impact resistance of the concrete.
Combining example 13 and implementationThe performance test data of the impact-resistant concretes of examples 16 to 20 show that the impact strength, 7d compressive strength and 28d compressive strength of the concrete obtained in example 13 are 48.6MPa, 36.8MPa and 58.5MPa, respectively, higher than those of examples 16 to 17, indicating that the SiO of example 13 2 Vinyl polymer coated nano SiO in step (3) of modified epoxy resin 2 The dosage of the (B) is proper, and the impact resistance of the concrete is improved.
Meanwhile, the impact strength, 7d compressive strength and 28d compressive strength of the impact-resistant concrete obtained in the embodiment 18 are respectively 50.1MPa, 37.5MPa and 59.9MPa, which are also higher than those of the embodiments 19-20, so that the dosage of bisphenol A epoxy resin in the preparation of the carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester epoxy resin in the embodiment 18 is proper, and the impact resistance of the concrete is improved.
In addition, it was found that the present application adds SiO to the impact-resistant concrete raw material in combination with various index data of the concrete of comparative examples 1 to 5 and example 1 2 The modified epoxy resin and the mixed fiber material can improve the impact resistance of the concrete to different degrees.
The present embodiment is only for explanation of the present application and is not to be construed as limiting the present application, and modifications to the present embodiment, which may not creatively contribute to the present application as required by those skilled in the art after reading the present specification, are all protected by patent laws within the scope of claims of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. The impact-resistant concrete is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-200 parts of cement, 400-500 parts of coarse aggregate, 200-400 parts of fine aggregate, 100-300 parts of water, 3-20 parts of water reducer, 60-100 parts of mixed fiber material and 40-60 parts of modified epoxy resin;
the mixed fiber material is a mixture of steel fibers and organic fibers;
the modified epoxy resin is SiO 2 Modified epoxy resins.
2. Impact resistant concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that the SiO 2 Modified epoxy resinAccording to SiO 2 The modified epoxy resin comprises 40-60 parts by weight of epoxy resin and nano SiO 2 20-40 parts of water-based curing agent, 10-15 parts of reactive diluent, 3-10 parts of silane coupling agent, 10-30 parts of acetone, 0.5-5 parts of vinyl monomer, 10-20 parts of initiator, 0.5-3 parts of emulsifier, 5-10 parts of emulsifier and 10-15 parts of water.
3. Impact-resistant concrete according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the SiO 2 The preparation method of the modified epoxy resin comprises the following steps:
(1) Silane coupling agent and nano SiO 2 Mixing with acetone, heating to 40-70deg.C, stirring, washing, and drying to obtain silane modified SiO 2 ；
(2) Under alkaline condition, silane is modified into SiO 2 Adding the mixture and an emulsifier into water, performing ultrasonic dispersion, adding vinyl monomers and an initiator, mixing, and reacting at 75-95 ℃ to obtain vinyl polymer coated nano SiO 2 ；
(3) Coating nano SiO on vinyl polymer 2 Adding epoxy resin and reactive diluent, mixing, adding aqueous curing agent, and standing.
4. The impact resistant concrete according to claim 2, wherein the epoxy resin is carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester epoxy resin, and the preparation method of the carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester epoxy resin is as follows:
(1) Under the protection of inert gas, adding 16-20kg of anhydride and 16-20kg of glycol into 150-190kg of methanol, heating to 30-50 ℃ for reaction under stirring, then adding 2-5kg of anhydride and 0.1-1kg of butyl titanate, heating to 50-80 ℃ for reaction, and then drying to obtain carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester;
(2) Adding 5-10kg of triethylamine and 100-140kg of epichlorohydrin into 100-130kg of acetonitrile, heating to 55-75 ℃ for reaction, adding 80-120kg of bisphenol A epoxy resin and 5-15kg of diethylenetriamine, and heating to 75-85 ℃ for reaction to obtain the carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester.
5. The impact resistant concrete according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the water reducing agent to the mixed fiber material is 1: (8-10).
6. Impact resistant concrete according to claim 1, wherein the organic fibers are a mixture of polypropylene fibers and polyvinyl alcohol fibers.
7. The impact resistant concrete according to claim 6, wherein the weight ratio of the polypropylene fiber to the polyvinyl alcohol fiber is (2-4): 1.
8. impact resistant concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylate water reducing agent.
9. The method for preparing impact-resistant concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises the following operative steps: adding coarse aggregate and fine aggregate, stirring, adding cement and steel fiber, stirring, adding organic fiber, adding water, stirring, and finally adding modified epoxy resin and water reducer, and mixing.
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