CN117181462A - Pre-separation method for comprehensive utilization of strong magnetic tailings - Google Patents
Pre-separation method for comprehensive utilization of strong magnetic tailings Download PDFInfo
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- CN117181462A CN117181462A CN202311155502.7A CN202311155502A CN117181462A CN 117181462 A CN117181462 A CN 117181462A CN 202311155502 A CN202311155502 A CN 202311155502A CN 117181462 A CN117181462 A CN 117181462A
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 229910001608 iron mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005339 levitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002364 soil amendment Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for comprehensively utilizing and pre-separating strong magnetic tailings, which utilizes the characteristics of fine granularity and low iron mineral content of the strong magnetic tailings, obtains the pre-separating silica concentrate with the purity of more than 98 percent through the processes of one-stage strong magnetic separation, ore grinding, two-stage strong magnetic separation, centrifugal desliming and floatation separation, provides low-cost raw materials for further obtaining high-purity silica with the purity of 99-99.99 percent through the existing mature technology (such as acid leaching technology and the like), and simultaneously obtains silicon-extracted residual materials with the granularity of more than 95 percent of-0.045 mm, and can be directly used as raw materials for preparing other building materials (such as cement) because of the fine granularity and no ore grinding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mineral processing, in particular to a pre-separation method for comprehensive utilization of strong magnetic tailings.
Background
At present, comprehensive utilization of tailings resources is a national strategic development industry, on one hand, the comprehensive utilization of tailings can recover valuable components from the tailings, thereby realizing resource utilization of the tailings, and on the other hand, the comprehensive utilization of the tailings can reduce the discharge amount of the tailings, thereby realizing high-value utilization of the tailings, and the economic and social benefits are remarkable. The prior iron tailing utilization technology mainly comprises the following steps: recovering iron from the iron tailings; recovering silicon from the iron tailings; iron tailings are used as building materials; iron tailings are used as soil amendment and the like. In the conventional 'stage grinding, coarse and fine separation and heavy magnetic levitation combined process' for separating iron ores in China, the comprehensive tailings consist of coarse magnetic tailings and fine magnetic tailings. In the existing iron tailing comprehensive utilization technology, except for the technology of recovering iron from the iron tailings, the technology of recovering the flotation tailings is utilized, the rest of the technology utilizes the comprehensive tailings to recover, and in various technical researches, only valuable components (silicon or iron) are recovered or only one utilization direction is considered, and various utilization directions are rarely comprehensively considered. Because the particle sizes and the contents of all the constituent elements of the scavenger magnetic tailings, the strong magnetic tailings and the flotation tailings are greatly different, different comprehensive utilization directions and comprehensive utilization technology researches are respectively carried out on the scavenger magnetic tailings, and meanwhile, the comprehensive utilization of the tailings can be more economic and reasonable by comprehensively considering the recovery valuable components and other comprehensive utilization methods, so that higher economic benefits are facilitated to be obtained, the large-scale digestion of the tailings is realized, and the discharge amount of the tailings is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that the existing iron tailings comprehensive utilization technology is mainly used for recycling comprehensive tailings, only valuable components (silicon or iron) are recycled or only one utilization direction is considered in various technical researches, and various utilization directions are rarely comprehensively considered, the invention provides a comprehensive utilization pre-separation method for utilizing the strong magnetic tailings, the characteristics of fine granularity and low iron mineral content of the strong magnetic tailings are utilized, the traditional ore dressing technology with low cost is utilized to obtain silica pre-separation concentrate with the purity of more than 98 percent, the low-cost raw material is provided for further obtaining high-purity silica with the purity of 99% -99.99% by the existing mature technology (such as acid leaching technology and the like), and meanwhile, the silica-extracted residue with the granularity of more than 95% of 0.045mm is obtained.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a pre-separation method for comprehensive utilization of strong magnetic tailings comprises the following steps:
1) And (3) strong magnetic sorting: the strong magnetic tailings generated in the field production process are separated by a section of strong magnetic machine to obtain a section of strong magnetic concentrate and a section of strong magnetic tailings, wherein the section of strong magnetic concentrate contains TFe 5% -7% and SiO (silicon dioxide) in percentage by weight 2 80％～85％；
2) Grinding: most of iron mineral in the first-stage strong magnetic concentrate exists in a form of a coherent body, and the first-stage strong magnetic concentrate is ground by adopting a tower mill until the granularity is less than or equal to 0.045mm and accounts for more than 95 percent;
3) The ore grinding product of the step 2) is separated by a two-stage strong magnetic machine to obtain two-stage strong magnetic concentrate and two-stage strong magnetic tailings, wherein the two-stage strong magnetic concentrate contains TFe 2.5% -4% and SiO (silicon dioxide) in percentage by weight 2 85％～90％；
4) Desliming by a centrifugal machine: the centrifugal machine can effectively remove fine mud in the two-stage strong magnetic concentrate, and the obtained centrifugal concentrate contains TFe 2% -3.5% and SiO according to weight percentage 2 85% -95%, and a product with proper granularity is provided for flotation;
5) Flotation sorting: adopting positive flotation operation, reverse flotation operation or positive and negative mixed flotation to sort the centrifugal concentrate to obtain flotation concentrate and flotation tailings, wherein the flotation concentrate contains TFe 0.5-2.0% by weight percent，SiO 2 93 to 99 percent of flotation concentrate serving as pre-separation concentrate can be further treated by the prior mature technology (such as acid leaching technology and the like) to obtain the high-purity silicon dioxide with the purity of 99 to 99.99 percent.
The granularity of the treated strong magnetic tailings is less than or equal to 0.045mm and accounts for 65-85%, and the main element chemical components comprise TFe 8-11% and SiO according to weight percentage 2 70％～80％。
The silicon-extracted residual material composed of the first-stage strong magnetic tailings, the second-stage strong magnetic tailings, the centrifuge tailings and the flotation tailings contains TFe10% -13.5% by weight, and the granularity is less than or equal to 0.045mm and accounts for more than 85%.
The magnetic induction intensity of the one-section strong magnetic machine is larger than 1.2T.
The magnetic induction intensity of the two-stage strong magnetic machine is more than 1.2T.
The flotation operation can adjust the reagent system according to different impurity contents in the concentrate of the centrifugal machine, specifically remove iron and other impurities, further improve the silicon dioxide content, reduce the reagent dosage of the leaching operation with relatively higher subsequent cost and reduce the cost.
The high-intensity magnetic separation operation, the centrifugal desliming operation and the flotation separation operation not only effectively reduce the content of iron mineral in tailings and improve the content of silicon dioxide, but also effectively remove partial impurities such as calcium oxide, magnesium oxide and the like.
The silicon-extracted residual material composed of the first-stage strong magnetic tailings, the second-stage strong magnetic tailings, the centrifugal tailings and the flotation tailings contains TFe10% -13.5% by weight, the granularity of-0.045 mm accounts for more than 85%, and the silicon-extracted residual material can be directly used as a high-quality raw material for preparing other building materials (such as cement) without grinding.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a method for treating the tailings by adopting different comprehensive utilization technologies according to the different particle sizes and the different element contents of the tailings constituting the comprehensive tailings, and aims at the characteristics that the strong magnetic tailings are fine in particle size, the iron mineral content is low, and the iron mineral is mostly distributed below-0.025 mm, so that the method is difficult to economically recycle. The specific effects are as follows:
1. the strong magnetic tailings generated in the field production process are sorted by a strong magnetic machine under the condition that the magnetic induction intensity is more than 1.2T, so that a section of strong magnetic concentrate with lower iron content and higher silicon content can be obtained;
2. iron ore in the first-stage strong magnetic concentrate exists in a continuous form, the dissociation degree can be improved after the iron ore is ground to obtain more monomer gangue, and then the second-stage strong magnetic concentrate with higher silicon content is obtained through the strong magnetic separation;
3. the two-stage strong magnetic operation not only effectively reduces the content of iron mineral in the tailings, but also effectively removes partial impurities such as calcium oxide, magnesium oxide and the like.
4. The two-stage strong magnetic concentrate is in a suspension state due to finer granularity, the sorting efficiency by other traditional mineral separation equipment is low, and the centrifugal machine can effectively remove fine mud in the two-stage strong magnetic concentrate, so that a proper product is provided for flotation, the impurity content of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide and the like in the centrifugal machine concentrate is reduced, the dosage of agents for subsequent operation is reduced, and the cost is greatly reduced.
5. The flotation operation can adjust the reagent system according to different impurity contents in the concentrate of the centrifugal machine, specifically remove iron and other impurities, further improve the silicon dioxide content, reduce the reagent dosage of the leaching operation with relatively higher subsequent cost and reduce the cost.
6. The pre-separated concentrate with the silicon dioxide content of 93-99% can be obtained after flotation and separation, and low-cost raw materials are provided for further obtaining high-purity silicon dioxide with the purity of 99% -99.99% by the existing mature technology (such as acid leaching technology and the like).
7. The primary strong magnetic tailings, the secondary strong magnetic tailings, the centrifugal tailings and the flotation tailings are used as silicon-extracting residual materials, the components of the high-strength magnetic tailings, the centrifugal tailings and the flotation tailings are mainly silicon and iron, the granularity of the high-strength magnetic tailings, the centrifugal tailings and the flotation tailings is more than 85%, and the high-strength magnetic tailings, the centrifugal tailings and the flotation tailings can be directly used as high-quality raw materials for preparing other building materials (such as cement) without grinding.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a pre-separation method for comprehensive utilization of strong magnetic tailings.
Detailed Description
The following is a further description of embodiments of the invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
example 1:
as shown in FIG. 1, the embodiment adopts strong magnetic tailings produced by a certain stage of ore grinding and gravity-magnetic-floatation combined process, the granularity is less than or equal to 0.045mm and accounts for 77.27%, and the main element chemical components comprise TFe 8.51% and SiO by weight percent 2 78.16%. The sorting is carried out according to the following steps:
1) The strong magnetic tailings produced in the field production process are separated by a section of strong magnetic machine under the condition of magnetic induction intensity of 1.4T, so that a section of strong magnetic concentrate and a section of strong magnetic tailings can be obtained, wherein the section of strong magnetic concentrate contains TFe 5.86 percent and SiO by weight percent 2 82.27％；
2) Most of iron mineral in the first-stage strong magnetic concentrate exists in a continuous biological form, and the iron mineral is ground by a tower mill until the granularity is less than or equal to 0.045mm and accounts for 96.5%;
3) The ore grinding product is separated by adopting a two-section strong magnetic machine under the condition of magnetic induction intensity of 1.4T, so that two-section strong magnetic concentrate and two-section strong magnetic tailings can be obtained, wherein the two-section strong magnetic concentrate contains TFe 3.71 percent and SiO by weight percent 2 86.92％；
4) The centrifugal machine can effectively remove fine mud in the two-stage strong magnetic concentrate, and the obtained centrifugal concentrate contains TFe 2.53 percent and SiO according to weight percent 2 90.57% to provide flotation with a product of the proper particle size.
5) The positive flotation operation is adopted, and the preparation system is as follows: separating the concentrate from the centrifuge under the conditions of PH=9-10, 1800 g/ton of starch and 1000 g/ton of collector to obtain flotation concentrate and flotation tailings, wherein the flotation concentrate contains TFe1.00% and SiO in percentage by weight 2 95.03% and the flotation concentrate is used as pre-separation concentrate to obtain the high-purity product with 99.68% by acid leaching treatment at 180℃ under high temperature and high pressurePure silica.
6) The first-stage strong magnetic tailings, the second-stage strong magnetic tailings, the centrifuge tailings and the flotation tailings are used as silicon-extracting residual materials, the components of the silicon-extracting residual materials still take silicon and iron as main materials, TFe is 11.26 percent, and SiO is contained in the silicon-extracting residual materials 2 68.87% and granularity less than or equal to 0.045mm accounting for 90.5%, the product does not need grinding, and can be directly used as a high-quality raw material for preparing other building materials (such as cement).
Example 2:
as shown in FIG. 1, the embodiment adopts strong magnetic tailings produced by a certain stage of ore grinding and gravity-magnetic-floatation combined process, the granularity is less than or equal to 0.045mm and accounts for 77.27%, and the main element chemical components comprise TFe 8.51% and SiO by weight percent 2 78.16%. The sorting is carried out according to the following steps:
1) The strong magnetic tailings produced in the field production process are separated by a section of strong magnetic machine under the condition of magnetic induction intensity of 1.4T, so that a section of strong magnetic concentrate and a section of strong magnetic tailings can be obtained, wherein the section of strong magnetic concentrate contains TFe 5.86 percent and SiO by weight percent 2 82.27％；
2) Most of iron mineral in the first-stage strong magnetic concentrate exists in a continuous biological form, and the iron mineral is ground by a tower mill until the granularity is less than or equal to 0.045mm and accounts for 96.5%;
3) The ore grinding product is separated by adopting a two-section strong magnetic machine under the condition of magnetic induction intensity of 1.4T, so that two-section strong magnetic concentrate and two-section strong magnetic tailings can be obtained, wherein the two-section strong magnetic concentrate contains TFe 3.71 percent and SiO by weight percent 2 86.92％；
4) The centrifugal machine can effectively remove fine mud in the two-stage strong magnetic concentrate, and the obtained centrifugal concentrate contains TFe 2.53 percent and SiO according to weight percent 2 90.57% to provide flotation with a product of the proper particle size.
5) Adopting positive and negative flotation operation and chemical system of the positive flotation operation: ph=9-10, 900 g/ton starch, 1000 g/ton collector; reverse flotation reagent regimen: separating the concentrate of the centrifugal machine under the conditions of PH=2, 50 g/ton of dodecylamine and 2000 g/ton of sodium petroleum sulfonate to obtain flotation concentrate and flotation tailings, wherein the flotation concentrate contains TFe 0.65% and SiO 2 98.04 percent of flotation concentrate is used as pre-separation concentrate and is treated by acid leaching under normal temperature and normal pressureHigh purity silica with a purity of 99.89% was obtained.
6) The first-stage strong magnetic tailings, the second-stage strong magnetic tailings, the centrifuge tailings and the flotation tailings are used as silicon-extracting residual materials, the components of the material still take silicon and iron as main materials, TFe 11.59 percent and SiO 2 68.02% and granularity less than or equal to 0.045mm accounting for 90.5%, the product does not need grinding, and can be directly used as a high-quality raw material for preparing other building materials (such as cement).
Claims (5)
1. The comprehensive utilization and pre-separation method for the strong magnetic tailings is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) And (3) strong magnetic sorting: the strong magnetic tailings are separated by a section of strong magnetic machine to obtain a section of strong magnetic concentrate and a section of strong magnetic tailings, wherein the section of strong magnetic concentrate contains TFe 5% -7% and SiO (silicon dioxide) in percentage by weight 2 80％～85％；
2) Grinding: grinding a section of strong magnetic concentrate by adopting a tower mill until the granularity is less than or equal to 0.045mm and more than 95 percent;
3) The ore grinding product of the step 2) is separated by a two-stage strong magnetic machine to obtain two-stage strong magnetic concentrate and two-stage strong magnetic tailings, wherein the two-stage strong magnetic concentrate contains TFe 2.5% -4% and SiO (silicon dioxide) in percentage by weight 2 85％～90％；
4) Desliming by a centrifugal machine: removing mud in the two-stage strong magnetic concentrate by adopting a centrifugal machine, wherein the obtained centrifugal concentrate contains TFe 2% -3.5% and SiO (SiO) in percentage by weight 2 85％～95％；
5) Flotation sorting: adopting flotation operation to sort the centrifugal concentrate to obtain flotation concentrate and flotation tailings, wherein the flotation concentrate contains TFe 0.5% -2.0% and SiO according to weight percentage 2 93％～99％。
2. The method for comprehensively utilizing and pre-separating the strong magnetic tailings according to claim 1, wherein the treated strong magnetic tailings have the granularity less than or equal to 0.045mm accounting for 65-85 percent, and contain TFe 8-11 percent and SiO in percentage by weight 2 70％～80％。
3. The method for comprehensively utilizing and pre-separating the strong magnetic tailings according to claim 1, wherein the silicon-extracted residual material consisting of the first section of strong magnetic tailings, the second section of strong magnetic tailings, the centrifugal tailings and the flotation tailings comprises 10-13.5% of TFe in percentage by weight, and the granularity is less than or equal to 0.045mm and accounts for more than 85%.
4. The method for comprehensively utilizing and pre-separating the strong magnetic tailings according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic induction intensity of one section of the strong magnetic machine is more than 1.2T.
5. The method for comprehensively utilizing and pre-separating the strong magnetic tailings according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic induction intensity of the two-stage strong magnetic machine is more than 1.2T.
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