CN1171802A - Absorbent material - Google Patents
Absorbent material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1171802A CN1171802A CN95197177A CN95197177A CN1171802A CN 1171802 A CN1171802 A CN 1171802A CN 95197177 A CN95197177 A CN 95197177A CN 95197177 A CN95197177 A CN 95197177A CN 1171802 A CN1171802 A CN 1171802A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- absorbent
- functional group
- super
- anionite
- negatively charged
- Prior art date
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- Granted
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 title claims description 45
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 title 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920005601 base polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005906 menstruation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 polyethylene morpholine Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001289 polyvinyl ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001302 tertiary amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000004914 menses Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 28
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 24
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 20
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 206010042674 Swelling Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001429 chelating resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 3
- CHRJZRDFSQHIFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C CHRJZRDFSQHIFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000002242 deionisation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000003918 potentiometric titration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000370738 Chlorion Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-dimethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CN(C)CCO UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010046543 Urinary incontinence Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006222 acrylic ester polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004218 chloromethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(Cl)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000007265 chloromethylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960002887 deanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012972 dimethylethanolamine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001477 hydrophilic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001410 inorganic ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TWNIBLMWSKIRAT-VFUOTHLCSA-N levoglucosan Chemical group O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2CO[C@@H]1O2 TWNIBLMWSKIRAT-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007614 solvation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012609 strong anion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012610 weak anion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/02—Direct processing of dispersions, e.g. latex, to articles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
- A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
- A61L15/42—Use of materials characterised by their function or physical properties
- A61L15/60—Liquid-swellable gel-forming materials, e.g. super-absorbents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
- C08J3/03—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media
- C08J3/075—Macromolecular gels
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a superabsorbent material which comprises a combination of (1) an anionic superabsorbent in which from 20 to 100 % of the functional groups are in free acid form, and (2) an anion exchanger in which from 20 to 100 % of the functional groups are in basic form. The combination is particularly effective as a superabsorbent in the case of electrolyte containing solutions such as menses and urine.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of absorbing material, more specifically, relate to that class material of a kind of so-called " super-absorbent ".
Be commonly referred to the normally lightly crosslinked hydrophilic polymer of material of " super-absorbent ".The chemical property of these polymkeric substance can be different, but they all have and can absorb and keep the aqueous fluid that equals their own wt manyfolds, even also like this under middle pressure.For example, super-absorbent can absorb usually and reach as high as the distilled water of himself weight more than 100 times or 100 times.
Advised super-absorbent is used for many different industrial application, can utilize the advantage of its water-absorbent and/or stand-up in these are used, example comprises the preparation of agricultural, construction industry, alkaline cell and strainer.Yet the primary application field of superabsorbent material is the health care and/or the preparation of health product, the disposable diaper of using as disposable sanitary napkin and child or adult's urinary incontinence.In these health cares and/or health product, usually super-absorbent and cellulosic fibre are used in combination absorbed body fluid (as menstruation or urine).Yet super-absorbent significantly is lower than receptivity to deionized water to the body fluid absorption ability.It has been generally acknowledged that this effect comes from the electrolyte content of body fluid, and this effect is called " salt poisoning ".
The performance of the water-absorbent of super-absorbent and reservation water is owing to there is ionogenic functional group in this polymer architecture.These groups are carboxylate radical normally, and when this polymkeric substance during in drying regime, high-load carboxylate radical is the form of salt, but when contacting with water, having produced disassociation turns into and solvation.When its disassociation state, this polymer chain has a series of functional groups that link on this chain, and these functional groups have identical electric charge, and are therefore mutually exclusive.This causes the expansion of this polymer architecture, allows further to absorb water molecules thereby should expand, though this expansion is subjected to the crosslinked restriction that causes in this polymer architecture, and must be full cross-linked in this polymkeric substance to prevent the dissolving of polymkeric substance.Think: the disassociation of these functional groups has been disturbed in the big electrolytical existence of concentration in water, and has produced " salt poisoning " effect.
Do many trials and overcome the salt poisoning effect, and improved the performance that the superabsorbent material absorption contains electrolytic liquid (as menstruation and urine).So Japanese patent application OPI No.57-45,057 discloses a kind of absorption agent, and this absorption agent comprises the mixture of super-absorbent such as crosslinked polypropylene and powdery or granular ion exchange resin.EP-A-0210756 relates to a kind of absorbing structure, and it comprises super-absorbent and anionite, randomly also has cationite, and wherein these two kinds of ion-exchangers all are fibrous.Super-absorbent combined with ion-exchanger attempt to reduce the salt poisoning effect, its practice is: use ion-exchanger, usually anionite and cationite are used in combination, reduce the content of salt in this liquid.This ion-exchanger is to the not directly influence of performance of super-absorbent, and also total absorptive character that the content of salt fully can not be reduced to said composition have desirable influence.In addition, except that costliness, this ionic absorption agent self does not have sorption, therefore this this absorption agent is played diluting effect.
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of in the presence of ionogen, as under the situation of menstruation or urine, having the super-absorbent that improves performance.
The invention provides a kind of superabsorbent material, it comprises the combination of material beneath:
(1) a kind of negatively charged ion superabsorbent material, wherein 20-100% functional group is the form of free acid; With
(2) a kind of anionite, wherein 20-100% functional group is the form of alkali.
This negatively charged ion superabsorbent material preferably has 50-100%, more preferably has basically 100% functional group that is free acid form.This positively charged ion super-absorbent preferably has 50-100% and more preferably has and is essentially 100% the functional group that is the alkali form.
Mention that as above-mentioned the negatively charged ion super-absorbent must have the functional group that is salt form as before the super-absorbent.Commercial superabsorbent material normally is salt form and has bought.According to the present invention, now be surprised to find that: in conjunction with the negatively charged ion super-absorbent of the form that is free acid be the anionite of the form of alkali, to super-absorbent contain under electrolytical solution (as menstruation or the urine) situation effective especially.
Though do not wish to be subjected to any concrete theory, believe that superabsorbent material of the present invention has following double effect with containing when electrolytical solution contacts: (1) changes into form as the salt of super-absorbent to the negatively charged ion super-absorbent from non-absorpting form; (2) the negatively charged ion super-absorbent to the conversion of its salt form to having deionization from changing agent enhanced solution by negatively charged ion.
Generally speaking, this negatively charged ion super-absorbent does not show ion-exchanger on following this meaning effect, promptly the material of the form that is acid with contain electrolytical solution and contact the conversion that does not cause to salt form.Functional group in the negatively charged ion super-absorbent is carboxylate radical normally, and these carboxylate radicals are when putting into as sodium chloride solution, as not dissociable weak acid.Yet the existence of anionite has combined chloride ionic effect from sodium chloride solution, thereby the direction that makes this balance help this anionite is changed into the form of its salt moves.
This when when containing electrolyte solution and contact from of conversion and the anionite combined chloride ionic effect of negatively charged ion super-absorbent to its salt form, this solution there is tangible deslination, thereby by alleviating the performance that the salt poisoning effect has improved this super-absorbent.Make this solution desalination and opposite in conjunction with being saltlike superabsorbent material (referring to above-cited Japanese patent application OPI No.57-45057 and EP-A-0210756) with making spent ion exchange resin, this super-absorbent that is the form of acid also has desalting to this solution.This just has the much bigger effect that desalts than the super-absorbent that uses ion-exchanger and salt form.Should note: ionogen is not linear to the influence of absorbency of superabsorbents in this solution in the solution, because along with its receptivity of increase of salts contg is not to descend regularly.Therefore, in a certain concentration range, produce quite little reduction, might cause sizable increase of receptivity by the content that makes this solution salt.
This negatively charged ion super-absorbent can be any material with superabsorbent energy, and wherein functional group is a negatively charged ion, i.e. sulfonate radical, sulfate radical, phosphate radical or carboxylate radical.Preferred this functional group is a carboxylate radical.Usually these functional groups are connected on the lightly crosslinked vinylformic acid basis polymkeric substance.For example, this base polymer can be polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, ethene-copolymer-maleic anhydride, polyvinyl ether, polyvinyl sulfonic acid, polyacrylic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyethylene morpholine.Also can use these monomeric multipolymers.Also can use based on starch and cellulosic polymkeric substance, comprise hydroxypropylcellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose and acrylic acid-grafted starch.Concrete base polymer comprises acryionitrile grafted starch, starch polyacrylic ester and the iso-butylene/copolymer-maleic anhydride of crosslinked acrylate, hydrolysis.Particularly preferred base polymer is starch polyacrylic ester and crosslinked polyacrylic ester.
This functional group is carboxylate radical normally.
For derivatived cellulose, the substitution value (DS) that definition has the derivative of functional group is the number of functional group's (being generally carboxylate radical) that each cellulosic anhydroglucose unit had.Its DS is generally 0.1-1.5.With similar approach, the DS of definable synthetic polymer is the number of each monomer or functional group that comonomer unit has.Its DS is generally 1, as every polyacrylic ester monomeric unit 1 carboxylate radical is arranged.
Many negatively charged ion super-absorbent are commercially available, for example Favor 922 (stockhausen), SanwetIMl500 (Sanyo), AQU D3236 (Aqualon Company (Hercules)) or DOW2090 (DOW).Particularly preferred negatively charged ion super-absorbent is FAVOR 922 (Stockhausen).Commercially available negatively charged ion super-absorbent is sold with the form of salt usually, and according to the present invention needs to change into the form of free acid easy to use, for example by following method: prepare Favor H
10g Favor 922 is placed one 1 liter beaker, and using under magnetic stirrer and the magnetism stick continuously stirring, with 500ml distilled water swelling.Add 250ml 0.01M HCl under the continuously stirring, use this gel of nonwoven fabric filter paper filtering after 30 minutes.Reacidizing and filtration step be not till having sodium ion (available potentiometric titration uses selectivity sodium sensitive electrode to measure sodium ions content) again in washing water.With this gel of distilled water wash, remove excessive acid at last, and in the airiness stove 60 ℃ of down dry these gels 10 hours.The dry polymer that obtains is called Favor H.
Ion-exchange is the reversible exchange of ionic between solid and liquid, and wherein the solid structure as ion-exchange material does not have permanent variation.
Ion-exchange appears on the various materials and takes place, as silicate, phosphoric acid salt, fluorochemical, vegetable mould, Mierocrystalline cellulose, silk, protein, aluminum oxide, resin, lignin, cell (cells), glass, barium sulfate and silver chloride.
Yet, these materials are used for ion-exchange material, depend on other character except ion-exchange between between liquid-solid phase.From 1910, natural along with using, be since the introducing of synthetic zeolite water softening afterwards, industrial circle was using ion-exchange always.
The nineteen thirty-five introducing of synthetic organic ion exchange resin results from the synthetic of phenol condensation product, and this product contains sulfonate radical or amino, and this product can be used for positively charged ion or anionic reversible exchange.
Inorganic ion exchange material comprises natural materials (as mineral zeolite (as cliptonite), greensand and clay (if you would take off stone)) and sintetics (as the hydrous oxide of gel zeolite, polyvalent metal and the insoluble salt of polyvalent metal salt and the acid of many barium).
Synthetic organic products comprises positively charged ion and anionic ion-exchange resins, and the both has strong and weak type two classes.
The ability that weak base resin absorbs acid depends on the alkalescence of weak base resin self and the pH value of related acid.
According to the character of amine functionality, obtain various base strengths.In the various structures from epichlorohydrin amine condenses and acrylate copolymer to vinylbenzene-divinylbenzene (DVB) multipolymer, can introduce primary, the second month in a season and tertiary amine functionality or their mixture.
These resins can absorb strong acid in large quantities, but are subjected to dynamic (dynamical) restriction.
Those resins of strong anion-exchange resin, particularly styrene-based-DVB multipolymer are divided into I type and II type.The I type is a quaternary ammonium product, is by with multipolymer behind chloromethyl MEE (CMME) chloromethylation and Trimethylamine 99 prepared in reaction.
I type functional group is the strongest functional group of available alkalescence, and weak acid is had maximum affinity, and these weak acid are removed (as silicic acid and carbonic acid) usually in the water softening process.
II type functional group is obtained by vinylbenzene-DVB multipolymer and dimethylethanolamine reaction.The alkalescence of this quaternary ammonium is lower than the alkalescence of I type resin, but weak acid anion is still enough removed in application to great majority.
The quaternary ammonium functionality is introduced pyridine and acrylic ester polymer, but its commercial applications is limited.
This anionite preferably contains the anionite-exchange resin of the form functional group that is alkali.Suitable functional group comprises amido, promptly primary, the second month in a season and tertiary amine groups and quaternary ammonium root.
Commercially available and can be used for anionite-exchange resin of the present invention and be: this is a kind of strong anion exchanger with the quaternary ammonium functionality that is chloride form for Amberlite IRA400-.In order to be used for the present invention, must be converted into OH to it
-Distilled water wash is handled and used to form for example with NaOH in chromatographic column.Its total exchange capacity is every gram dried resin 3.8 milliequivalents (meq).This is a kind of weak base anion exchanger with the quaternary ammonium functionality that is free alkali form for Amberlite IRA68-.Its total exchange capacity is 5.6meq (milligramequivalent/dried resin gram number).The Amberlite ion-exchanger is the trade mark of Rohn.Ion-exchanger III type (from Merck)-this is a kind of reinforcing yin essence ion exchange resin, and its exchange capacity is about 5meq/g.Ion-exchanger II type (from Merck)-this is a kind of weak anion exchange resin, and its exchange capacity is about 5meq/g.
The preferred anionic surfactants exchange resin comprises Duolite A-102-OH (Dia-prosim, France), and this is a kind of reinforcing yin essence ion exchange resin with quaternary ammonium functionality.Its ion-exchange capacity is 1.3meq/ml.Other suitable anionite-exchange resin can find in the product line as Rohn and Merck manufacturers.
In general, according to molecular weight and ion-exchange capacity, the weight ratio of negatively charged ion super-absorbent and anionite is 1: 20-1: 1, be preferably 1: 2-1: 4.
Absorbing material of the present invention is suitable for especially being used in wishing to absorb and contains in the liquid, aqueous application of ionogen.The example of these liquid comprises menstruation and urine, and this absorbing material usually with the blend of fibrous absorber (as cellulose villus) packing material as menopad and diaper.For this purpose, absorption agent of the present invention can granular or filamentous form existence.
Absorbing material of the present invention shows especially to containing the electrolytical liquid, aqueous good absorption that has, and shown in following embodiment, these embodiment test with common salt aqueous solution (1%NaCl) and synthetic urine.Embodiment 1. preparation Favov H
+:
10g Favor 922 is placed 1 liter beaker, and under magnetic stirrer and magnetism stick continuously stirring, with 500 ml distilled water swellings.Add 250ml 0.01M HCl under the continuously stirring, use this gel of nonwoven fabric filter paper filtering after 30 minutes.Reacidizing and filtration step be not till having sodium ion (available potentiometric titration uses selectivity sodium sensitive electrode to measure sodium ions content) in these washing water.At last with this gel of distilled water wash removing excessive acid, and in the airiness stove 60 ℃ of down dry these gels 10 hours.The dry polymer that obtains is called Favor H.2. the compare test of liquid-absorbent
Carry out this and test and show, be the negatively charged ion super-absorbent of anionite-exchange resin and the form of acid of the form of alkali, when contacting, play a part negatively charged ion and cationic exchange mixture, thereby produced the deionization of this salt solution with common salt aqueous solution.Then the negatively charged ion super-absorbent is transformed into the form of its salt, thereby because the lower salt content of this solution has improved its absorptivity.
1%NaCl solution (150ml) is contacted 2 hour under the continuously stirring with anionite-exchange resin Al02 OH (3.9g) in a 250ml beaker.This step allows the chlorion of this solution be replaced by the hydroxide ion in this resin.Use this solution of pasteur pipette, extract then, and when stirring, move in the beaker that contains 0.25g Favor H of 250 milliliters of another ones.When this gel no longer stops to add solution during swelling.Then gel is placed in the envelope of an adhesive-bonded thin paper " tea bag " type, one side not sealing of this envelope after 60 * g is centrifugal 10 minutes, calculated its absorptivity by following formula:
A=(W
Wet-W
Do)/G is wherein: the absorptivity after A=is centrifugal, g/gW
Wet=contain the weight of the envelope of wet AGM (absorptivity gelatin polymer), gW after centrifugal
Do=contain the weight of the envelope of doing AGM, the weight of the AGM that gG=used in should testing, g result is as follows:
| Amount (g) | Water stand-up g/g | ||
| Deionized water | 1%NaCl solution | ||
| ??(A)FAVOR(H +) | ????0.25 | ????30 | ?????3 |
| ?(B)FAVOR(Na +) | ????0.25 | ???400 | ?????40 |
| (C) anionite-exchange resin (A-102-OH) | ????3.9 | ????- | ????0.29 |
| (D)FAVOR(H +) +A-102-OH | ????0.25 ???+?3.9 | ????- | ????100 |
Annotate: the result relates to 25 milliliters of 1%NaCl solution.
The above results shows: negatively charged ion super-absorbent (the FAVOR H of the form of acid
+) this shows very little absorptivity in 1%NaCl solution.FAVOR Na
+Show some absorptivities, but than much smaller in deionized water.Anionite-exchange resin does not have absorptivity substantially.Yet, be used in combination the anionite (A-102-OH) of the form of alkali, FAVOR (H
+) demonstrate than FAVOR Na
+The absorptivity that significantly improves.
Should understand that 1%NaCl represents accurate test of this super-absorbent.Literature research shows: the salts contg of urine changes along with series of factors, but the maximum value that 1% (weight) expression may run in practice.
Claims (12)
1. superabsorbent material comprises the combination of following material:
I) a kind of negatively charged ion super-absorbent, wherein the functional group of 20-100% is the form of free acid; With
Ii) a kind of anionite, wherein the functional group of 20-100% is the form of free alkali.
2. the described superabsorbent material of claim 1, wherein this negatively charged ion absorption agent has 50-100%, preferably is essentially the functional group of 100% the form that is free acid, and this anionite has 50-100%, preferred 100% functional group that is the form of alkali basically.
3. claim 1 or 2 described superabsorbent materials, wherein the functional group in this negatively charged ion super-absorbent is sulfonate radical, sulfate radical, phosphate radical or carboxylate radical.
4. the described superabsorbent material of claim 3, wherein this functional group is a carboxylate radical.
5. each described superabsorbent material among the claim 1-4, wherein this functional group is connected on polymeric amide, polyvinyl alcohol, ethene-copolymer-maleic anhydride, polyvinyl ether, polyvinyl sulfonic acid, polyacrylic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone or the polyethylene morpholine base polymer, or on the polymkeric substance of the multipolymer of above-mentioned base polymer and starch or cellulose base.
6. the described superabsorbent material of claim 5, wherein the polymkeric substance of this starch or cellulose base is hydroxypropylcellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose or acrylic acid-grafted starch.
7. claim 5 or 6 described superabsorbent materials, wherein this base polymer is crosslinked polyacrylic ester, acryionitrile grafted starch, starch polyacrylic ester or the iso-butylene/copolymer-maleic anhydride of hydrolysis.
8. the described superabsorbent material of claim 7, wherein this base polymer is starch polyacrylic ester or crosslinked polyacrylic ester.
9. claim 1 or 2 described super-absorbent, wherein the functional group in this anionite-exchange resin be primary, the second month in a season and tertiary amine groups or quaternary ammonium root.
10. each described super-absorbent among the claim 1-9, wherein the weight ratio of negatively charged ion super-absorbent and anionite is 1: 20-1: 1.
11. each described super-absorbent absorbs and contains electrolytical liquid, aqueous purposes among the claim 1-10.
12. the described purposes of claim 11, wherein said liquid are menstruation or urine.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT94TO000889A IT1267494B1 (en) | 1994-11-10 | 1994-11-10 | ABSORBENT MATERIAL, FOR EXAMPLE OF SUPER ABSORBENT TYPE, AND RELATIVE USE. |
| ITTO94A000889 | 1994-11-10 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1171802A true CN1171802A (en) | 1998-01-28 |
| CN1068888C CN1068888C (en) | 2001-07-25 |
Family
ID=11412879
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95197177A Expired - Fee Related CN1068888C (en) | 1994-11-10 | 1995-11-13 | Absorbent material |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0791031A4 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH10509611A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100372137B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1068888C (en) |
| AU (1) | AU4235096A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9509651A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2204888C (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ140697A3 (en) |
| HU (1) | HUT77798A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1267494B1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX201287B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1996015180A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102775765A (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2012-11-14 | 宜兴丹森科技有限公司 | Hydrophilic polyurethane flexible foam material with ion exchange function and application thereof |
Families Citing this family (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6951895B1 (en) | 1996-12-02 | 2005-10-04 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Absorbent composition |
| US6232520B1 (en) | 1997-02-19 | 2001-05-15 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Absorbent polymer compositions having high sorption capacities under an applied pressure |
| US5962578A (en) * | 1997-11-19 | 1999-10-05 | Amcol International Corporation | Poly(dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylamide)-based superabsorbent gels |
| US6222091B1 (en) | 1997-11-19 | 2001-04-24 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Multicomponent superabsorbent gel particles |
| US5981689A (en) | 1997-11-19 | 1999-11-09 | Amcol International Corporation | Poly(vinylamine)-based superabsorbent gels and method of manufacturing the same |
| US6623576B2 (en) | 1998-10-28 | 2003-09-23 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Continuous manufacture of superabsorbent/ion exchange sheet material |
| US6342298B1 (en) | 1997-11-19 | 2002-01-29 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Multicomponent superabsorbent fibers |
| US6072101A (en) | 1997-11-19 | 2000-06-06 | Amcol International Corporation | Multicomponent superabsorbent gel particles |
| US6087448A (en) * | 1997-11-19 | 2000-07-11 | Amcol International Corporation | Solid superabsorbent material containing a poly(vinylguanidine) and an acidic water-absorbing resin |
| PL340545A1 (en) * | 1997-11-19 | 2001-02-12 | Amcol International Corp | Poly (vinylamine) based jelly superabsorbens and method of obtaining them |
| ZA9810779B (en) | 1997-12-12 | 1999-09-21 | Kimberly Clark Co | Structure having balanced pH profile. |
| US6639120B1 (en) | 1997-12-12 | 2003-10-28 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Structure having balanced pH profile |
| US6121509A (en) * | 1998-01-07 | 2000-09-19 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Absorbent polymer compositions having high sorption capacities under an applied pressure and improved integrity when wet |
| JP4428729B2 (en) * | 1998-08-13 | 2010-03-10 | 株式会社日本触媒 | Water-swellable crosslinked polymer composition and process for producing the same |
| US6534554B1 (en) | 1999-10-27 | 2003-03-18 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Multicomponent ion exchange resins |
| US20010006267A1 (en) | 1999-12-27 | 2001-07-05 | Nobuyuki Harada | Production processes for basic water-absorbent resin and water-absorbing agent, and use thereof |
| US20030138631A1 (en) * | 2001-10-26 | 2003-07-24 | Mitchell Michael A. | Multicomponent superabsorbent gel particles |
| EP1512417B1 (en) | 2003-09-02 | 2013-06-19 | Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd. | Particulate water-absorbent resin composition |
| EP1624002B1 (en) * | 2004-08-07 | 2019-04-03 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Superabsorbent polymer particles comprising functionalizers and method of making them |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5735938A (en) * | 1980-08-11 | 1982-02-26 | Shinko Kagaku Kogyo Kk | Water absorbent |
| PH26954A (en) * | 1985-05-15 | 1992-12-03 | Procter & Gamble | Disposable absorbent articles |
| PH23760A (en) * | 1985-05-15 | 1989-11-03 | Procter & Gamble | Disposable absorbent articles |
| US4818598A (en) * | 1985-06-28 | 1989-04-04 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Absorbent structures |
| GB9210955D0 (en) * | 1992-05-22 | 1992-07-08 | Courtaulds Plc | Fibres and filaments |
| US5461085A (en) * | 1993-12-17 | 1995-10-24 | Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Incorporated | Superabsorbent polymer and process for producing same |
-
1994
- 1994-11-10 IT IT94TO000889A patent/IT1267494B1/en active IP Right Grant
-
1995
- 1995-11-13 AU AU42350/96A patent/AU4235096A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-11-13 EP EP95940682A patent/EP0791031A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1995-11-13 CZ CZ971406A patent/CZ140697A3/en unknown
- 1995-11-13 CA CA002204888A patent/CA2204888C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-11-13 JP JP8516231A patent/JPH10509611A/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-11-13 HU HU9800948A patent/HUT77798A/en unknown
- 1995-11-13 KR KR1019970703134A patent/KR100372137B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-11-13 MX MX9703445A patent/MX201287B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-11-13 WO PCT/US1995/014678 patent/WO1996015180A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1995-11-13 CN CN95197177A patent/CN1068888C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-11-13 BR BR9509651A patent/BR9509651A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102775765A (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2012-11-14 | 宜兴丹森科技有限公司 | Hydrophilic polyurethane flexible foam material with ion exchange function and application thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CZ140697A3 (en) | 1997-10-15 |
| MX9703445A (en) | 1998-07-31 |
| CN1068888C (en) | 2001-07-25 |
| HUT77798A (en) | 1998-08-28 |
| EP0791031A1 (en) | 1997-08-27 |
| JPH10509611A (en) | 1998-09-22 |
| CA2204888C (en) | 2001-01-30 |
| KR970707218A (en) | 1997-12-01 |
| MX201287B (en) | 2001-04-10 |
| WO1996015180A1 (en) | 1996-05-23 |
| CA2204888A1 (en) | 1996-05-23 |
| IT1267494B1 (en) | 1997-02-05 |
| KR100372137B1 (en) | 2003-03-15 |
| BR9509651A (en) | 1997-09-16 |
| EP0791031A4 (en) | 2000-07-12 |
| ITTO940889A1 (en) | 1996-05-10 |
| ITTO940889A0 (en) | 1994-11-10 |
| AU4235096A (en) | 1996-06-06 |
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