CN117177667A - 单/二甲酸钾与羧酸的协同植物生长刺激剂组合物 - Google Patents

单/二甲酸钾与羧酸的协同植物生长刺激剂组合物 Download PDF

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CN117177667A
CN117177667A CN202280024870.5A CN202280024870A CN117177667A CN 117177667 A CN117177667 A CN 117177667A CN 202280024870 A CN202280024870 A CN 202280024870A CN 117177667 A CN117177667 A CN 117177667A
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acid
plant growth
potassium
composition
synergistic
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拉胡尔拉朱·卡努穆鲁
乔治克丘马拉伊尔·香吉
拉克希米普拉桑纳库马尔·加鲁达德里
拉维库马尔·苏兰内尼
希尔·阿宁得亚
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Phertis India Private Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了有机钾盐的协同植物生长刺激组合物，所述组合物包含有单/二甲酸钾或有机酸的氢二钾盐与脂肪族或芳香族羚酸或其盐组合，任选地与植物生长激素/生长调节剂组合。本发明所述的组合物改善了植物生长，提高了植物/作物的产量和品质。

Description

单/二甲酸钾与羧酸的协同植物生长刺激剂组合物
发明领域
本发明涉及有机钾盐的协同植物生长刺激组合物，其包含单/二甲酸钾或有机酸的氢二钾盐与脂族或芳族羧酸或其盐，任选地与植物生长激素/生长调节剂组合。本发明的组合物改善植物生长，提高农作物的产量和品质。
背景技术
已知植物生长和发育以及作物、水果、花卉等的生产力受到矿物成分、生长激素和小分子的调节，这些小分子发出基因表达的信号，从而提高植物生产力水平。改善植物生长的传统方法包括向土壤或植物补充氮、磷、钾(NPK)养分和其他微量养分。
由于过度使用肥料和其他非生物胁迫，例如土壤中盐分含量增加，干旱，寒冷，高温和重金属胁迫，淹水胁迫，以及生物体(特别是病毒、细菌、真菌、线虫、昆虫、蛛形纲动物和杂草)对植物的生物胁迫，目前的传统方法不足以应对日益严重的污染，环境变化，土壤质量迅速下降。这些药剂直接剥夺宿主的营养物质，可导致植物死亡。由于收获前和收获后的损失，生物胁迫可能成为主要问题。
生长中的植物通常需要钾来刺激早期生长、增加蛋白质产量以及激活植物内的有益的酶和激素系统，从而影响植物抵抗生物和非生物胁迫的能力。
使用的典型钾源是无机钾盐，例如氯化钾、硫酸镁钾、硝酸钾和硫酸钾。然而，发现无机钾盐的使用对环境具有破坏性影响。
现在肥料中的钾来源于环保的有机钾源。
WO2017/040938提供了一种包含可溶性氮、磷酸源和钾源的肥料，其中，钾源为有机钾源、动物粪便、钾的羧酸盐、硅酸钾及其组合。氮源选自由尿素、硝酸盐、三氮酮尿素、氨、铵盐、氢氧化铵、氨基酸、鱼粉或提取物、堆肥提取物、海带提取物、虾提取物、贝类提取物及其组合组成的组。钾的酸盐选自甲酸钾和/或一元羧酸或二元羧酸，例如乙酸钾、丙酸钾、丁酸钾、戊酸钾、己酸钾、草酸钾、丙二酸钾、琥珀酸钾、戊二酸钾、己二酸钾、乳酸钾、苹果酸钾、柠檬酸钾、乙醇酸钾、酒石酸钾、乙醛酸钾、丙酮酸钾,及其组合。
植物激素如生长素、细胞分裂素、赤霉素、乙烯、脱落酸等，极大地提高植物活力，促进根、芽生长，减轻胁迫。
EP1408761B1公开了在组合物中使用催产素与佐剂和/或载体组合以刺激植物生长。
US2382326A公开了一种能够诱导生根并刺激植物健康旺盛生长的干粉形式的植物生长刺激剂组合物，其包含尿囊素、植物激素以及植物营养物质和植物微代谢元素。
EP3071534A1公开了包含植物激素颗粒例如赤霉酸包衣颗粒的肥料组合物、制备此类组合物的方法以及将此类组合物施用于土壤。
本发明人认为，本领域存在提供改进且有效的植物生长刺激剂组合物的空间，所述组合物能够刺激旺盛的植物生长，从而提高作物的质量和产量。
发明内容
根据该目的，本发明提供了协同植物生长刺激组合物，其包含选自单/二甲酸钾或有机酸的氢二钾盐作为钾源，与脂族或芳族羧酸或其盐和助剂任选地与植物生长激素/植物生长调节剂组合。
一方面，组合物中单甲酸钾或二甲酸钾或有机酸的氢二钾盐与脂族或芳族羧酸或其盐的比例为4:1至2:1。
所述的有机酸的氢二钾盐包括但不限于二乙酸氢钾。
所述的脂族羧酸选自甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、壬酸、辛酸、癸酸、硬脂酸、月桂酸、棕榈酸、己二酸、富马酸、乳酸、苹果酸、苯基乳酸、琥珀酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、抗坏血酸或它们的盐中的一种或它们的组合。所述芳香族羧酸选自取代或未取代的苯甲酸或其盐、苯乙酸、酚类、水杨酸、没食子酸或其盐、酚类前体(包括但不限于苯丙氨酸和/或辣椒素和/或缬氨酸等)，迷迭香酸、咖啡酸、肉桂酸、香豆酸、阿魏酸或它们的盐等中的一种或其组合。
另一方面，本发明的组合物可包含选自生长素、细胞分裂素、赤霉酸、褪黑素、油菜素类固醇、乙烯、脱落酸、水杨酸和茉莉酸等的植物生长激素/植物生长调节剂中的一种或其组合，其用量在0.05％至10％w/w的范围内。
本发明的植物生长刺激组合物还可包含辅助剂/赋形剂和/或表面活性剂，其选自阴离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂和阳离子表面活性剂，例如单独的CMC、木质素磺酸盐等或其组合，其用量为2％至4％w/w，以确保组合物在施用时在植物上均匀且广泛地铺展，以通过维持叶子的表面张力和分子与植物的接触来完全施用叶子。
另一方面，本发明提供了制备所述植物生长刺激剂组合物的方法，所述组合物包含选自有机酸单/二甲酸钾或有机酸的氢二钾盐作为钾源，与脂族或芳族羧酸和助剂，任选地与植物生长激素/植物生长调节剂组合。
另一方面，本发明提供了刺激植物生长的方法，包括将有效的植物生长刺激组合物施用于植物生长的区域。
附图说明
图1：描述了稻谷中总苯酚浓度的对比(以ppm为单位)。
图2：显示稻谷中的总蛋白质含量。
具体实施方式
现在将参考本发明的各种优选以及可选实施例来详细解释本发明，然而，本发明不应被解释为限制本发明的范围。
在一个实施方案中，本发明涉及一种协同植物生长刺激组合物，其包含：
(i)作为钾源的有机钾盐，选自单/二甲酸钾或有机酸的氢二钾盐；
(ii)脂肪族或芳香族羧酸或其盐；
(iii)任选地含有用量范围为0.05％至10％w/w的植物生长激素/植物生长
调节剂；和
(iv)佐剂/赋形剂，用量范围为2％至4％w/w；
其中所述组合物中单/二甲酸钾或有机酸的氢二钾盐与脂族或芳族羧酸或其盐的比例为4:1至2:1。
所述有机酸的氢二钾盐包括但不限于二乙酸氢钾。
所述脂族羧酸选自甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、壬酸、辛酸、癸酸、硬脂酸、月桂酸酸、棕榈酸、己二酸、富马酸、乳酸、苹果酸、苯基乳酸、琥珀酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、抗坏血酸或它们的盐中的一种或其组合。
所述芳香族羧酸选自取代或未取代的苯甲酸或其盐、苯乙酸、酚类、水杨酸、没食子酸或其盐、酚类前体(包括但不限于苯丙氨酸和/或辣椒素和/或缬氨酸等)、迷迭香酸、咖啡酸、肉桂酸、香豆酸、阿魏酸或它们的盐中的一种或其组合。
本发明组合物中的植物生长激素/植物生长调节剂选自生长素、细胞分裂素、赤霉酸、褪黑素、油菜素类固醇、乙烯、脱落酸、水杨酸和茉莉酸等中的一种或其组合，其用量为0.05％至10％w/w。
酚类化合物是植物产生的具有一个或多个羟基的芳香苯环化合物，主要用于抵御胁迫。酚类化合物在植物生理学中的功能以及与生物和非生物环境的相互作用是很难高估的。酚类化合物在植物发育中发挥着重要作用，特别是在木质素和色素生物合成中。它们还为植物提供结构完整性和骨架支撑。重要的是，由受伤或其他干扰的植物分泌的酚类植物，可以排斥或杀死许多微生物。
一方面，包含二甲酸钾和羧酸的本发明所述组合物以及二甲酸钾、激素和羧酸的组合物在增加稻谷中苯酚浓度方面表现出协同效应，如图1所示。
本发明所述的组合物根据其在最终组合物中的来源提供0.5-50％的钾。
在一个实施方案中，包含单/二甲酸钾与羧酸、任选地与激素组合的本发明组合物可以根据农民的实践，以适当的比例含有农业上可接受的赋形剂，例如各种N、P、K肥料和补充剂。
本发明的植物生长刺激组合物还可以包含辅助剂和/或表面活性剂，其选自阴离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂和阳离子表面活性剂，例如CMC、木质素磺酸盐等中的一种或其组合，其用量为2％至4％w/w以确保组合物在施用时在植物上均匀且广泛地铺展，以通过维持叶子的表面张力和分子与植物的接触来完全施用叶子。
在一个实施方案中，组合物含有0.5-25％范围内的如硝普钠的抗氧化剂，以增强氮利用效率和抗氧化性质，并与或不与农业上可接受的赋形剂、N、P、K肥料和补充剂组合。
在又一个实施方案中，本发明涉及制备所述植物生长刺激组合物的方法。
在一个实施方案中，植物/作物选自由葫芦类蔬菜、辣椒、马铃薯、胡萝卜、萝卜、葡萄、油菜作物、稻谷、叶类蔬菜和西红柿组成的组。
本发明所述的组合物可以使用合适的赋形剂/载体配制成片剂、粉末、颗粒、丸剂形式的固体或液体形式或喷雾形式。组合物中各种物质的比例可以根据其预期用途和它们所应用的具体形式而变化。
在一个实施方案中，本发明的组合物以每英亩100g至1000g的量施用/递送到植物/植物部件上，如施用于叶面上或注射到选择的植物部件上。
在另一个实施方案中，本发明的组合物用于刺激植物生长，以提高植物的产量和质量。
在一个实施方案中，本发明提供刺激植物生长的方法，包括施用有效的植物生长刺激组合物，所述组合物包含选自单/二甲酸钾或有机酸的氢二钾盐作为钾源的组合与脂肪族或芳香族羧酸或其盐，任选地与植物生长激素/植物生长调节剂组合到植物生长的区域。
以下实施例说明了体现本发明的组合物用作植物生长刺激剂的用途。
实施例1：
实施例2：
实施例3：
实施例4：稻谷中总苯酚的估算
表1
结果：包含二甲酸钾+羧酸的组合物(实施例-I)和二甲酸钾+激素+羧酸的组合物(实施例-3)在增加苯酚浓度方面显示出协同效应(图1)。
实施例5：稻谷中的总蛋白含量
表2：
结果：包含二甲酸钾+羧酸的组合物(实施例-I)和二甲酸钾+激素+羧酸的组合物(实施例-3)在增加蛋白质含量方面显示出协同效应(图2)。
尽管出于说明的目的在上文中详细描述了本发明，但是应当理解，这些细节仅用于该目的，并且本领域技术人员可以在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下对其进行修改，除非它可能受到权利要求的限制。

Claims (9)

1.一种协同植物生长刺激组合物，包含：
(v)作为钾源的有机钾盐，选自单/二甲酸钾或有机酸的氢二钾盐；
(vi)脂肪族或芳香族羧酸或其盐；
(vii)任选地含有用量范围为0.05％至10％w/w的植物生长激素/植物生长调节剂；和
(viii)助剂，用量范围为2％至4％w/w；
其中所述组合物中单/二甲酸钾或有机酸的氢二钾盐与脂族或芳族羧酸或其盐的比例为4:1至2:1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的协同植物生长刺激组合物，其特征在于，所述脂肪族羧酸选自甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、壬酸、辛酸、癸酸、硬脂酸、月桂酸、棕榈酸、己二酸、富马酸、乳酸、苹果酸、苯基乳酸、琥珀酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、抗坏血酸或它们的盐中的一种或其组合。
3.根据权利要求1所述的协同植物生长刺激组合物，其特征在于，所述芳香族羧酸选自取代或未取代的苯甲酸或其盐、苯乙酸、酚类、水杨酸、没食子酸或其盐、酚类前体(包括但不限于(苯丙氨酸和/或辣椒素和/或缬氨酸等)、迷迭香酸、咖啡酸、肉桂酸、香豆酸、阿魏酸或它们的盐中的一种或其组合。
4.根据权利要求1所述的协同植物生长刺激组合物，其特征在于，所述植物生长激素/植物生长调节剂选自生长素、细胞分裂素、赤霉酸、褪黑素、油菜素类固醇、乙烯、脱落酸、水杨酸、茉莉酸中的一种或其组合。
5.根据权利要求1所述的协同植物生长刺激组合物，其特征在于，所述组合物含有农业上可接受的赋形剂、N、P、K肥料和补充剂。
6.根据权利要求1所述的协同植物生长刺激组合物，其特征在于，所述组合物含有占制剂的0.5％至25％的抗氧化剂如硝普钠，以增强氮的利用效率和抗氧化性能，并与或不与农业上可接受的赋形剂、磷、钾肥料和补充剂组合。
7.根据权利要求1所述的协同植物生长刺激组合物，其特征在于，所述组合物以合适的赋形剂/媒介物配制成固体或液体形式或喷雾形式使用。
8.根据权利要求1所述的协同植物生长刺激组合物，用于刺激植物生长，以提高植物的产量和品质。
9.一种刺激植物生长的方法，包括将权利要求1所述的协同植物生长刺激组合物施用于植物生长的区域。
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